CPCAR/AERONÁUTICA–2020–EXAME DE ADMISSÃO–LÍNGUA INGLESA–ESCOLA PREPARATÓRIA DE CADETES DO AR–PROVA COM GABARITO.

www.inglesparaconcursos.blog.br

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: CPCAR-2020-LÍNGUA INGLESA.

https://www2.fab.mil.br/epcar

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

• 16 Multiple Choice Questions / 4 Options Each Question.

What is modern slavery?

• Texto – | The search for life beyond Earth | www.science.org.au |

❑ TEXTO: Read the text below and answer questions 01 to 16 according to the text.

The search for life beyond Earth

We have always been fascinated by the thought of alien life elsewhere in the universe. The idea has provided the basis for a huge wealth of science fiction stories that have been limited only by our imaginations. But can other creatures exist in the vast reaches of space or on other planets or moons? And are there other intelligent forms of life out there—or are we more likely to find something much simpler?

Where are all the aliens?

Our Sun is just one star among billions in our galaxy. In the last few years, scientists have detected thousands of planets around other stars and it seems that most stars have planetary systems. It’s therefore likely that there will be large numbers of habitable planets in the Milky Way galaxy and beyond that are capable of supporting intelligent life. Some of these intelligent civilisations, if they’re out there, may have even developed interstellar travel.

Are there other intelligent forms of life out there — or are we more likely to find something much simpler?

But Earth hasn’t been visited by any intelligent aliens (yet?). This apparent high probability of life, combined with a lack of evidence for its existence, is called the Fermi Paradox, named for the physicist Enrico Fermi who first outlined1 the argument back in 1950. This begs the question: where is everybody?

Back in 1961, astronomer Francis Drake tried to rationalise this question by developing an equation that takes into account2 all the factors relevant to finding alien civilisations and gives an estimate of the number of civilisations out there in the galaxy that should be able to communicate with us. It considers factors such as the rate3 of new star formation, how many planets around those new and existing stars might be able to support life, the number of planets supporting intelligent life, how many of those civilisations might have technology we can detect, whether they’re likely to communicate with us here on Earth, and so on.

The search for extraterrestrial intelligence

Scientists and radio astronomers have started the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) in a systematic manner. Several international organisations, including the SETI Institute and the SETI League, are using radio telescopes to detect signals that might have been produced by intelligent life.

In 1995, the SETI Institute started Project Phoenix, which used three of the most powerful radio telescopes in the world: the Green Bank radio telescope in West Virginia, USA; the Arecibo telescope in Puerto Rico; and the Parkes radio telescope in NSW, Australia. During its initial phase, Project Phoenix used the Parkes telescope to search for signals coming from 202 Sun-like stars as distant as 155 light years away. By the end of its operations, Project Phoenix had scanned a total of 800 ‘nearby’4 (up to 240 light years away) stars for signs of life. The project detected some cosmic noises, but none of that could be attributed to aliens.

These days, anyone can become involved in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence through their personal computer.

While there’s currently excitement about sending human crews to Mars, missions beyond the Red Planet are at this stage pretty much not feasible5 the distances and travel times involved are simply too great. Basically, all exploration for life beyond Earth will need to be done using robotic space probes6 and landing rovers. These instruments can provide a huge wealth of information and are capable of exploring as far away as 70 75 Pluto, perhaps even beyond our solar system. But as for life beyond the solar system, the nearest stars are several light years away, and even communications by electromagnetic waves (which all travel at the speed of light) are essentially going to be a one-way message.

While we probably won’t find intelligent life too close to home, there’s a chance we may still find much simpler life forms. Do we have neighbours beyond Earth? Time will tell—and the search continues.

(Adapted from https://www.science.org.au/curious/space-time/search-lifebeyond-earth – Access on 16/02/19)

Glossary:

1. to outline – describe or give the main fact about something 

2. to take into account – consider something 

3. rate – expansion 

4. nearby – short distance away

5. feasible – appropriate; suitable 

6. space probe – spy satellite

01 – (EPCAR-2019/2020-CADETE)

The text states that

(A) other creatures have already visited us.

(B) scientists have searched smart aliens.

(C) we have neighbours beyond Earth.

(D) nobody has proved the existence of extraterrestrial life.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

The text states that

O texto afirma que

(A) other creatures have already visited us. outras criaturas já nos visitaram.

(B) scientists have searched smart aliens. os cientistas procuraram alienígenas inteligentes.

(C) we have neighbours beyond Earth. temos vizinhos além da Terra.

(D) nobody has proved the existence of extraterrestrial life. ninguém provou a existência de vida extraterrestre.

►JUSTIFICATIVA:

• “[...] The project detected some cosmic noises, but none of that could be attributed to aliens.”

• O projeto detectou alguns ruídos cósmicos, mas nada disso pode ser atribuído a alienígenas.

►IDEIAS CONTEXTUAIS:

(1) But Earth hasn’t been visited by any intelligent aliens (yet?). Mas a Terra não foi visitada por nenhum alienígena inteligente (ainda?)

(2) The project detected some cosmic noises, but none of that could be attributed to aliens. O projeto detectou alguns ruídos cósmicos, mas nada disso pode ser atribuído a alienígenas. (Os cientistas pesquisaram SINAIS CÓSMICOS na busca de sinais de vida de alienígenas)

(3) While we probably won’t find intelligent life too close to home, there’s a chance we may still find much simpler life forms. Embora provavelmente não encontremos vida inteligente muito perto de casa, ainda há uma chance de encontrarmos formas de vida muito mais simples.

(4) Do we have neighbours beyond Earth? Time will tell — and the search continues. Temos vizinhos além da Terra? O tempo dirá - e a busca continua.

02 – (EPCAR-2019/2020-CADETE)

Mark the alternative in which the highlighted word is used with the same meaning as in the sentence below.

“We have always been fascinated by the thought of alien life elsewhere in the universe.” (lines 1 and 2).

(A) We didn't give any thought to her appearance.

(B) We thought about the time we spent in the army.

(C) We thought of a pretty good excuse for being late.

(D) We’d buy John's old car, but we thought better of it.

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  
TÓPICOS - CLASSE GRAMATICAL:

Mark the alternative in which the highlighted word is used with the same meaning as in the sentence below.

Marque a alternativa em que a palavra destacada é utilizada com o mesmo significado da frase abaixo.

“We have always been fascinated by the thought of alien life elsewhere in the universe.”

“Sempre fomos fascinados pela ideia de vida alienígena em outras partes do universo.”(NOUN)

(A) We didn't give any thought to her appearance. Nós não demos nenhum consideração na aparência dela.(NOUN)

(B) We thought about the time we spent in the army. Pensamos no tempo que passamos no exército.(VERB)

(C) We thought of a pretty good excuse for being late. Pensamos em uma boa desculpa para chegar atrasado.(VERB)

(D) We’d buy John's old car, but we thought better of it. Compraríamos o carro antigo de John, mas pensamos melhor.(VERB)

03 – (EPCAR-2019/2020-CADETE)

“the basis for a huge wealth of science fiction stories” (lines 3 and 4). The underlined word is a synonym for

(A) interesting.

(B) limited.

(C) important.

(D) enormous.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

“the basis for a huge wealth of science fiction stories” (lines 3 and 4). The underlined word is a synonym for

“a base para uma enorme riqueza de histórias de ficção científica” (linhas 3 e 4). A palavra sublinhada é sinônimo de

(A) interesting. interessante.

(B) limited. limitada.

(C) important. importante.

(D) enormous. enorme.

04 – (EPCAR-2019/2020-CADETE)

Mark the statement that is in DISAGREEMENT with the text.

(A) There’s a possibility of finding life in other places in the universe.

(B) Appropriate equipment will be necessary for the exploration.

(C) International organisations detected aliens’ signals.

(D) Francis Drake developed an equation to find alien civilisations.

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Mark the statement that is in DISAGREEMENT with the text.

Marque a afirmação que está em DISCORDÂNCIA com o texto.

(A) There’s a possibility of finding life in other places in the universe. Existe a possibilidade de encontrar vida em outros lugares do universo.

(B) Appropriate equipment will be necessary for the exploration. Equipamento apropriado será necessário para a exploração.

(C) International organisations detected aliens’ signals. Organizações internacionais detectaram sinais de alienígenas.

(D) Francis Drake developed an equation to find alien civilisations. Francis Drake desenvolveu uma equação para encontrar civilizações alienígenas.

05 – (EPCAR-2019/2020-CADETE)

Mark the alternative that is grammatically correct.

a) Have anyone the right of searching for intelligent life?

b) Is there any concrete evidence of life beyond Earth?

c) There are another intelligent forms of life be?

d) How many planets have to support life?

      Comentários e Gabarito    X  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

06 – (EPCAR-2019/2020-CADETE)

Mark the alternative that is grammatically INCORRECT.

Where are all the aliens? (line 9)

a) Nobody saw them.

b) There are some beyond Earth.

c) There aren't any in the universe.

d) There aren't none in our galaxy.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

07 – (EPCAR-2019/2020-CADETE)

According to paragraph 2,

(A) there aren’t many stars in our galaxy.

(B) we may not be alone.

(C) scientists developed interstellar travel.

(D) our sun is the most important star among billions of planetary systems.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

According to paragraph 2,

De acordo com o parágrafo 2,

(A) there aren’t many stars in our galaxy. não há muitas estrelas em nossa galáxia.

(B) we may not be alone. podemos não estar sozinhos.

(C) scientists developed interstellar travel. os cientistas desenvolveram viagens interestelares.

(D) our sun is the most important star among billions of planetary systems. nosso sol é a estrela mais importante entre bilhões de sistemas planetários.

08 – (EPCAR-2019/2020-CADETE)

Mark the statement that is NOT mentioned in the text.

(A) The Fermi Paradox tries to answer the question of where the aliens are.

(B) Drake’s equation comes from Fermi’s question.

(C) The SETI Institute and the SETI League try to prove that aliens don’t exist.

(D) Project Phoenix has tried to detect signs of life.

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Mark the statement that is NOT mentioned in the text.

Marque a afirmação que NÃO é mencionada no texto.

(A) The Fermi Paradox tries to answer the question of where the aliens are. O Paradoxo de Fermi tenta responder à questão de onde estão os alienígenas.

(B) Drake’s equation comes from Fermi’s question. A equação de Drake vem da pergunta de Fermi.

(C) The SETI Institute and the SETI League try to prove that aliens don’t exist. O Instituto SETI e a Liga SETI tentam provar que os alienígenas não existem.

(D) Project Phoenix has tried to detect signs of life.

Marque a afirmação que NÃO é mencionada no texto. O Projeto Phoenix tentou detectar sinais de vida.

09 – (EPCAR-2019/2020-CADETE)

Considering the plural form of the nouns, mark the correct alternative.

a) Basis (line 3) – base.

b) Galaxy (line 11) – galaxyes

c) Life (line 36) – lives.

d) Search (line 39) – searchers.

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

10 – (EPCAR-2019/2020-CADETE)

Mark the alternative that is grammatically INCORRECT.

a) Milky Way is the galaxy where there will probably be a large number of habitable planets.

b) 1961 is the year when the astronomer Francis Drake developed an equation.

c) Scientists and astronomers were the ones who started the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.

d) Robotic space probes are instruments what can provide a huge wealth of information.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

11 – (EPCAR-2019/2020-CADETE)

The word none (line 57) refers to

a) noises.

b) project.

c) aliens.

d) no one.

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

12 – (EPCAR-2019/2020-CADETE)

Mark the alternative that completes the sentence below correctly

All exploration will happen if they ___ robotic space probes.

a) will use

b) using

c) use

d) are going to use

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

13 – (EPCAR-2019/2020-CADETE)

“Do we have neighbours beyond Earth?” (lines 76 and 77). 

One of the alternatives DOESN’T answer the question. Mark it.

a) No, we haven't.

b) Probably not.

c) I don't think so.

d) No, we don't.

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

14 – (EPCAR-2019/2020-CADETE)

The content of the text is based on

(A) mistakes and denials.

(B) doubts and lies.

(C) truths and faults.

(D) facts and possibilities.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

The content of the text is based on

O conteúdo do texto é baseado

(A) mistakes and denials. rros e negações.

(B) doubts and lies. dúvidas e mentiras.

(C) truths and faults. verdades e falhas.

(D) facts and possibilities. fatos e possibilidades.

15 – (EPCAR-2019/2020-CADETE)

Read the sentences from the text and classify them. The underlined excerpts are examples of

“Project Phoenix, which used three of the most powerful radio telescopes in the world:” (lines 46 to 48).

“there’s a chance we may still find much simpler life forms.” (lines 75 and 76).

a) comparative and superlative.

b) superlative and comparative.

c) superlative of inferiority.

d) comparative of equality.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

16 – (EPCAR-2019/2020-CADETE)

The author concludes that

(A) the subject is still uncertain.

(B) our intelligent neighbours live nearby in the universe.

(C) the time for answers has already come.

(D) there’s no chance of finding new forms of life.

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

The author concludes that

O autor conclui que

(A) the subject is still uncertain. o assunto ainda é incerto.

(B) our intelligent neighbours live nearby in the universe. nossos vizinhos inteligentes vivem próximos no universo.

(C) the time for answers has already come. o momento das respostas já chegou.

(D) there’s no chance of finding new forms of life. não há chance de encontrar novas formas de vida.

QUADRIX – 2017 – COFECI – ASSISTENTE DE TI – LÍNGUA INGLESA – CONCURSO PÚBLICO – CONSELHO FEDERAL DE CORRETORES DE IMÓVEIS – GABARITO COMENTADO & TEXTO TRADUZIDO.

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: QUADRIX-2017-COFECI-ASSISTENTE DE TI.

www.quadrix.org.br

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

➭ 5 True False Questions.

➭ Text  –  | usinfo.state.gov/journals |

❑ PROVA:

❑ TRADUÇÃO - TEXTO:

The increasing globalization of the electronic marketplace offers nearly unimaginable opportunities for businesses and consumers in terms of both access and choices.

A crescente globalização do mercado electrónico oferece oportunidades quase inimagináveis para as empresas e os consumidores, tanto em termos de acesso como de escolhas.

Yet it also presents more risks.

No entanto, também apresenta mais riscos.

The same qualities that make the Internet so attractive to legitimate businesses make it fertile ground for fraudsters targeting consumers from Joliet, Illinois, to Japuir, India.

As mesmas qualidades que tornam a Internet tão atraente para as empresas legítimas tornam-na terreno fértil para os fraudadores que visam consumidores de Joliet, Illinois, ao Japuir, Índia.

It gives con artists the ability to appear suddenly, defraud consumers quickly, and disappear without revealing their true identity or location.

Dá aos vigaristas a capacidade de aparecer de repente, defraudar rapidamente os consumidores e desaparecer sem revelar a sua verdadeira identidade ou localização.

Stopping them requires law enforcement officials to move just as quickly – and to operate in a culture of unprecedented cooperation.

Pará-los exige que as autoridades policiais se desloquem com a mesma rapidez - e operem numa cultura de cooperação sem precedentes.

The challenges for law enforcement officials are legion.

Os desafios para os agentes da lei são inúmeros.

For example, cross-border con artists can be difficult to track down and stop, and redress for consumers may be difficult to achieve.

Por exemplo, pode ser difícil localizar e parar os vigaristas transfronteiriços, e pode ser difícil obter reparação para os consumidores.

But several new initiatives are helping to establish the international cooperation necessary to take on Internet fraud – and ultimately, to ensure that consumers develop the confidence in the global electronic marketplace necessary for it to reach its true potencial.

Mas várias novas iniciativas estão ajudando a estabelecer a cooperação internacional necessária para combater a fraude na Internet – e, finalmente, garantir que os consumidores desenvolvam a confiança necessária no mercado eletrônico global para que ele atinja seu verdadeiro potencial.

The U. S. Federal Trade Commission’s (FTC) leadership in law enforcement, the use of technology, and policy development should go a long way toward increasing consumer confidence in the online marketplace.

A liderança da Comissão Federal de Comércio dos EUA (FTC) na aplicação da lei, no uso de tecnologia e no desenvolvimento de políticas deve percorrer um longo caminho para aumentar a confiança do consumidor no mercado on-line.

Internet: <usinfo.state.gov/journals>

Based on the text, judge the items below.
31 The key element in trying to stop con artists is unprecedented cooperation.
32 The U. S. Federal Trade Comission's (FTC) shows leadership in law enforcement.
33 In "Yet it also presents more risks" (line 4), "Yet", as a discourse marker, express contrast.
34 In "The challenges for law enforcement officials are legion"(lines 13 and 14), the word "legion" means legend.
35 The phrasal verb "to track down" in "cross-border con artists can be difficult to track down" (lines 14 and 15) can be correctly replaced by achieve.

COMENTÁRIOS E GABARITOS

31 The key element in trying to stop con artists is unprecedented cooperation.
(O elemento-chave na tentativa de impedir os vigaristas é a cooperação sem precedentes.)

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  Correto 
➦ IDEIA CONTEXTUAL:
"[...] It gives con artists the ability to appear suddenly, defraud consumers quickly, and disappear without revealing their true identity or location. Stopping them requires law enforcement officials to move just as quickly – and to operate in a culture of unprecedented cooperation."
(Dá aos trapaceiros a capacidade de aparecer de repente, defraudar os consumidores rapidamente e desaparecer sem revelar sua verdadeira identidade ou localização. Pará-los exige que os agentes da lei se movam com a mesma rapidez - e operem em uma cultura de cooperação sem precedentes.)
32 The U. S. Federal Trade Comission's (FTC) shows leadership in law enforcement.
(A Comissão Federal de Comércio dos EUA (FTC) mostra liderança na aplicação da lei.)

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  Correto 
➦ IDEIA CONTEXTUAL:
"[...]
33 In "Yet it also presents more risks" (line 4), "Yet", as a discourse marker, express contrast.
(Em "Yet it also presents more risks"(No entanto, também apresenta mais riscos), "YET", como marcador de discurso, expressa contraste.)

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  Correto 
➦ IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: YET ➝ ideia de constraste
"[...] The increasing globalization of the electronic marketplace offers nearly unimaginable opportunities for businesses and consumers in terms of both access and choices. Yet it also presents more risks."
(A crescente globalização do mercado eletrônico oferece oportunidades quase inimagináveis para empresas e consumidores em termos de acesso e escolhas. No entanto, também apresenta mais riscos.)
34 In "The challenges for law enforcement officials are legion"(lines 13 and 14), the word "legion" means legend.
(Em "The challenges for law enforcement officials are legion", a palavra LEGION(legião,numeroso) significa LEGEND(legenda)).

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  Errado 
➦ IDEIA CONTEXTUAL:
"[...] The challenges for law enforcement officials are legion. For example, cross-border con artists can be difficult to track down and stop, and redress for consumers may be difficult to achieve.
(Os desafios para as autoridades policiais são numerosos. Por exemplo, pode ser difícil rastrear e parar vigaristas transfronteiriços, e pode ser difícil obter reparação para os consumidores.)
➦ DETALHE GRAMATICAL:
*Dependendo do contexto , o vocábulo LEGION(Lídjén) pode ser substantivo(LEGIÃO, MULTIDÃO) ou adjetivo(numeroso, incalculável).
*O vocábulo LEGEND pode significar: legenda, lenda, conto.
35 The phrasal verb "to track down" in "cross-border con artists can be difficult to track down" (lines 14 and 15) can be correctly replaced by achieve.
(O verbo frasal "to track down"(rastrear) em "cross-border con artists can be difficult to track down" pode ser corretamente substituído por ACHIEVE(alcançar))

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  Errado 
➦ IDEIA CONTEXTUAL:
"[...] The challenges for law enforcement officials are legion. For example, cross-border con artists can be difficult to track down and stop, and redress for consumers may be difficult to achieve.
(Os desafios para as autoridades policiais são numerosos. Por exemplo, pode ser difícil rastrear e parar vigaristas transfronteiriços, e pode ser difícil obter reparação para os consumidores.)

VUNESP-2018-PM-SP-Prova de INGLÊS p/ OFICIAL DA POLICIA MILITAR do Estado de São Paulo - Profº Valdenor Sousa - Prova de INGLÊS com gabarito e questões comentadas.

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Hey, what's up my friends!!!...How have you been?! Welcome back to another post!

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Neste post, veremos a Prova INGLÊS-VUNESP-2018-Concurso Público-Policia Militar do Estado de São Paulo-Cargo: Aspirante da Polícia Militar. Prova aplicada em 18/11/2018.

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A prova objetiva de inglês é composta por 06 questões do tipo múltipla escolha(A,B,C,D,E).
LEITURA de textos de jornais digitais,revistas, websites, dicionários a seguir, é um excelente treino para provas de inglês.
➦www.nature.com
➦www.techtimes.com
➦http://advances.sciencemag.org
➦www.bbc.com
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[a]Banca/Organizador 

Fundação para o Vestibular da Universidade Estadual Paulista

www.vunesp.com.br/

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[b]Padrão/Composição da prova 

➦ A prova de Inglês é composta por 06 questões.
➦ Foco: 
•Compreensão Textual de eventos atuais de relevância mundial.
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[c] FONTES TEXTUAIS presentes nas provas da FGV-ECONOMIA :
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➦Revista Britânica: THE ECONOMIST.

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➦Site: TECH TIMES.

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➦Revista Norte-Americana: Science Advances.

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➦Rede de Rádio e TV digital: BBC.

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➦Jornal norte-americana: THE NEW YORK TIMES, www.nytimes.com.

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[c] DICTIONARY 

Caso necessário,sugiro que consulte os excelentes dicionários a seguir:
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/pt/dicionario/ingles/grotesque
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/
http:/www.macmillandictionary.com/

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🔄 VERBS :
➽[ ➝ ]
•[
🔄 PHRASAL VERBS:
➽[ ➝ ]

🔄Expressões verbais com o TO BE(simple present/simple past/simple future/ be going to/present continuous/past continuous/future continuous):
➽[ ➝ ]
🔄Expressões verbais no PERFECT TENSE(present perfect/past perfect/present perfect continuous/past perfect continuous):
➽[ ➝ ]
🔄Expressões com os 10 modais(can/could/may/might/must/should/would/ought to/will/shall):
➽[can better ➝ podem melhor]
"How cities can better prevent fires"
(Como as cidades podem melhor evitar os incêndios)
*to prevent - pode ser usado no sentido de prevenir, mas também como impedir, evitar.   
🔄Expressões com verbos com ING:
➽[ ➝ ]
🔄Expressões VERBAIS EM GERAL:
➽[ ➝ ] 
🔄Substantivos(NOUNS):
➽[ ➝ ]
🔄Adjetivos/Locuções adjetivas:
➽[ ➝ ]
🔄Advérbios/Locução adverbial:
➽[ ➝ ]

🔄Conectores/Marcadores de discurso :
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Agora, vamos à prova.
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Read the text carefully and answer the questions from 01 to 05 by choosing the CORRECT alternative

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TEXT

How cities can better prevent fires

August 29, 2018

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1
America’s deadliest building fire for more than a decade struck Oakland, California, on December 2nd 2016, killing 36 people attending a dance party in a warehouse that had become a cluttered artist collective. The disaster highlights an open secret: many cities lack resources to inspect for fire risk all the structures that they should. Even though the Oakland building had no fire sprinklers and at least ten people lived there illegally, no inspector had visited in about 30 years. How might cities make better use of the inspectors they do have?
2
A handful of American cities have begun to seek help from a new type of analytics software. By crunching diverse data collected by government bodies and utilities, the software works out which buildings are most likely to catch fire and should therefore be inspected first. Plenty of factors play a role. Older, wooden buildings, unsurprisingly, pose more risk, as do those close to past fires and leaks of gas or oil. Poverty also pushes up fire risk, especially if lots of children, who may be attracted to mischief, live nearby. More telling are unpaid taxes, foreclosure proceedings and recorded complaints of mould, rats, crumbling plaster, accumulating rubbish, and domestic fights, all of which hint at property neglect. A building’s fire risk also increases the further it is from its owner’s residence.
3
Predictive software designed at Harvard that Portland, Oregon, will soon begin using will do that. Perhaps more importantly, the city’s fire chief noticed that buildings marked as being the biggest risks are clustered in areas lacking good schools, public transport, health care and food options. Healthier, happier people start fewer fires, he concluded. He now lobbies officials to reduce Portland’s pockets of deteriorated areas.

(The Economist. www.economist.com/the-economist-explains /2018/08/29/how-cities-can-better-prevent-fires. Adaptado)

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👉 Questão  55 :
According to the first paragraph,
(A) more than 30 people died in fires last year due to poor building supervision.
(B) America hasn’t had huge fires for a decade now.
(C) some artists at a party set fire to a warehouse in Oakland, California.
(D) many cities have shortage of means to inspect buildings for fire risk.
(E) old warehouses have been found with inflammable artists’ material.
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👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
(A) mais de 30 pessoas morreram em incêndios no ano passado devido à má supervisão do edifício.
(B) Os EUA não sofrem grandes incêndios há uma década.
(C) alguns artistas em uma festa incendiaram um armazém em Oakland, Califórnia.
(D) muitas cidades têm escassez de meios para inspecionar edifícios quanto ao risco de incêndio.
(E) armazéns antigos foram encontrados com material inflamável de artistas.
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👉 Questão  56 :
No trecho do primeiro parágrafo "Even though the Oakland building had no fire sprinklers”, a expressão em destaque equivale, em português, a
(A) mesmo que.
(B) visto que.
(C) além de.
(D) desse modo.
(E) via de regra.
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👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
(A) mesmo que.
(B) visto que.
(C) além de.
(D) desse modo.
(E) via de regra.
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👉 Questão  57 :
In the fragment from the second paragraph "Poverty also pushes up fire risk", the expression in bold means
(A) causes.
(B) accumulates.
(C) raises.
(D) blames.
(E) mitigates.
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👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO-PHRASE VERB: to push up ➝ to raise(elevar):
(A) causes(causa).
(B) accumulates(acumula).
(C) raises(eleva).
(D) blames(acusa,culpa).
(E) mitigates(atenua).
➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: elevar 
"[...] Poverty also pushes up fire risk, especially if lots of children, who may be attracted to mischief, live nearby."
(A pobreza também ELEVA o risco de incêndio, especialmente se muitas crianças, que podem ser atraídas por travessuras, moram nas proximidades.)
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👉 Questão  58 :
No trecho do segundo parágrafo “A building’s fire risk also increases the further it is from its owner’s residence”, o termo em destaque (it) se refere a
(A) owner.
(B) building.
(C) property neglect.
(D) owner’s residence.
(E) fire risk.
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👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
(A) owner.
(B) building.
(C) property neglect.
(D) owner’s residence.
(E) fire risk.
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👉 Questão  59 :
De acordo com o segundo parágrafo, algumas cidades estadunidenses
(A) começaram a coletar dados novos sobre imóveis e seus proprietários.
(B) mapearam as áreas pobres com residências de madeira.
(C) localizaram edificações abandonadas com risco de desmoronamento.
(D) passaram a multar proprietários de imóveis com acúmulo de lixo.
(E) adotaram procedimentos tecnológicos que indicam imóveis com maior risco de incêndio.
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👍 Comentários e Gabarito  E 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
(A) começaram a coletar dados novos sobre imóveis e seus proprietários.
(B) mapearam as áreas pobres com residências de madeira.
(C) localizaram edificações abandonadas com risco de desmoronamento.
(D) passaram a multar proprietários de imóveis com acúmulo de lixo.
(E) adotaram procedimentos tecnológicos que indicam imóveis com maior risco de incêndio.
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👉 Questão  60 :
According to the last paragraph, Portland’s fire chief believes that
(A) there should be a limit of people living in clustered buildings.
(B) good living conditions decrease the fire risk in an area.
(C) the new software to be adopted is enough to control fires.
(D) happy people, no matter if rich or poor, are healthier.
(E) good schools have to teach fire control techniques.
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👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
(A) deve haver um limite de pessoas vivendo em edifícios agrupados.
(B) boas condições de vida diminuem o risco de incêndio em uma área.
(C) o novo software a ser adotado é suficiente para controlar incêndios.
(D) pessoas felizes, não importa se são ricas ou pobres, são mais saudáveis.
(E) boas escolas precisam ensinar técnicas de controle de incêndio.