Postagens
www.inglesparaconcursos.blog.br
❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:
• ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN/2021-LÍNGUA INGLESA
❑ TEXTO: Read the text below and answer question 23.
Dedicado a ajudar sua comunidade
December 2020
When the country went into coronavirus lockdown this year, one Royal Navy sailor sprang into action to protect his local community with all the dedication and efficiency of a military operation. Quando o país entrou em confinamento devido ao coronavírus este ano, um marinheiro da Marinha Real entrou em ação para proteger a sua comunidade local com toda a dedicação e eficiência de uma operação militar.
Chief Petty Officer Sean Mackenzie has served in the Royal Navy for 29 years and works at Royal Navy Air Station Culdrose in Cornwall. So when people in his village of Tregony faced the uncertainty of lockdown in March, CPO Mackenzie knew exactly what to do. O suboficial Sean Mackenzie serviu na Marinha Real por 29 anos e trabalha na Estação Aérea da Marinha Real Culdrose, na Cornualha. Assim, quando as pessoas na sua aldeia de Tregony enfrentaram a incerteza do confinamento em março, o CPO Mackenzie sabia exatamente o que fazer.
In the navy, he specialises in logistics at 1700 Naval Air Squadron, which deploys teams of sailors around the world to allow flying operations on navy warships, support ships and air bases. He also supervises a team of 70 personnel at Culdrose's extensive supply chain depot. Na Marinha, ele se especializou em logística no 1700 Naval Air Squadron, que mobiliza equipes de marinheiros ao redor do mundo para permitir operações de voo em navios de guerra da Marinha, navios de apoio e bases aéreas. Ele também supervisiona uma equipe de 70 pessoas no extenso depósito da cadeia de suprimentos de Culdrose.
"From the first day of lockdown, I got together with a couple of former military men and we created our own group," he said. "We did rounds of the village and we deliberately made it as military as we could. I wanted to help my community and these people in it are all part of that together." Desde o primeiro dia de confinamento, juntei-me a alguns ex-militares e criamos o nosso próprio grupo”, disse ele. “Fizemos rondas pela aldeia e deliberadamente tornamo-la o mais militar possível. Eu queria ajudar a minha comunidade e todas as pessoas que vivem nela fazem parte disso juntas.
His team of volunteers, which grew to 27 people, immediately set up a 'smiley-face system' where anyone, many of them elderly, could indicate with a simple sign in their window if they needed help or not. A sua equipa de voluntários, que cresceu para 27 pessoas, criou imediatamente um “sistema de carinhas sorridentes” onde qualquer pessoa, muitos deles idosos, podia indicar com um simples sinal na sua janela se precisava de ajuda ou não.
Regular smiley-face patrols were soon underway every day in the village of around 450 households. This was followed by a 'buddy system', where socially-isolated people could receive a visit and talk to someone - for many it could be their only contact all day, [...] from a safe distance outside. Patrulhas regulares de rostos sorridentes logo começaram a ser realizadas todos os dias na aldeia de cerca de 450 famílias. Seguiu-se um 'sistema de camaradagem', onde pessoas socialmente isoladas podiam receber uma visita e falar com alguém - para muitos poderia ser o seu único contacto durante todo o dia, [...] a uma distância segura do exterior.
The team also prepared an emergency kitchen [...], established their own foodbank and updated noticeboards with the latest advice. A equipa também preparou uma cozinha de emergência [...], criou o seu próprio banco de alimentos e atualizou quadros de avisos com os conselhos mais recentes.
They bought food for those who could not get out, including up to 20 visits a day to the local shop. Soon, dog walking and pizza-delivery services followed as well as a medicine delivery service, which collected more than 2,000 prescriptions over lockdown, which were then personally handed out to each patient. Eles compraram comida para aqueles que não podiam sair, incluindo até 20 visitas por dia ao comércio local. Logo surgiram serviços de passeio com cães e entrega de pizza, bem como um serviço de entrega de medicamentos, que coletou mais de 2.000 receitas durante o bloqueio, que foram então entregues pessoalmente a cada paciente.
All of this was on top of Chief Petty Officer Mackenzie's responsibilities at work, where he continued as a key-worker, helping to ensure that the Royal Navy could still meet its key defence requirements. Tudo isso se somava às responsabilidades do suboficial Mackenzie no trabalho, onde continuou como trabalhador-chave, ajudando a garantir que a Marinha Real ainda pudesse atender aos seus principais requisitos de defesa.
"I was really aware that everyone needed help and I was capable of helping. I was also aware that my own parents were sat in a similar situation, but 300 miles away. Here I could do something to help my community." Eu estava realmente ciente de que todos precisavam de ajuda e eu era capaz de ajudar. Eu também estava ciente de que meus próprios pais estavam em uma situação semelhante, mas a 300 milhas de distância. Aqui eu poderia fazer algo para ajudar minha comunidade.
He has now been singled out for an award by the commanding officer of RNAS Culdrose, Captain Stuart Finn, who said: "Chief Petty Officer Mackenzie has displayed exemplary leadership skills, both in his professional capacity with the Royal Navy and a selfless approach to service in his local community." Ele foi agora escolhido para um prêmio pelo comandante do RNAS Culdrose, capitão Stuart Finn, que disse: "O suboficial Mackenzie demonstrou habilidades de liderança exemplares, tanto em sua capacidade profissional na Marinha Real quanto em uma abordagem altruísta ao serviço. em sua comunidade local."
Adapted from "Dedicated to helping his community". Naval News, p. 39, December 2020. https://www.cornwalllive.com
23 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2021)
Decide if the statements below are true (T) or false (F) according to the text. Then choose the option that contains the correct sequence.
( ) After retiring from the Navy, Sean
Mackenzie decided to help his community during coronavirus lockdown.
( ) Sean Mackenzie was helped by a team of 70
volunteers.
( ) People could show that they needed help by
putting a sign in their window.
( ) Mackenzie and other volunteers helped people
in different ways, such as delivering food and medicine to them.
( ) Mackenzie's parents, who live near him, also needed help during lockdown.
(A) (T) (T) (T)
(T) (F)
(B) (F) (T) (T)
(F) (T)
(C) (F) (F) (T)
(T) (F)
(D) (F) (T) (T)
(T) (T)
(E) (T) (F) (F) (T) (F)
❑ TEXTO: Read the text below and answer questions 24 and 25.
U.K. hospitals
are overburdened. But the British love their universal health care
Os hospitais do Reino Unido estão sobrecarregados. Mas os britânicos adoram os seus cuidados de saúde universais
March 7, 2018
When Erich McElroy takes the stage at comedy clubs in London, his routine includes a joke about the first time he went to see a doctor in Britain. Quando Erich McElroy sobe ao palco de clubes de comédia em Londres, sua rotina inclui uma piada sobre a primeira vez que foi ao médico na Grã-Bretanha.
Originally from Seattle, McElroy, 45, has lived in London for almost 20 years. A stand-up comedian, he's made a career out of poking fun at the differences in the ways Americans versus Britons see the world - and one of the biggest differences is their outlook on health care. Natural de Seattle, McElroy, 45 anos, mora em Londres há quase 20 anos. Comediante de stand-up, ele fez carreira zombando das diferenças na forma como os americanos e os britânicos veem o mundo - e uma das maiores diferenças é a visão deles sobre os cuidados de saúde.
"I saw a doctor, who gave me a couple pills and sent me on my way. But I still hadn't really done any paperwork. I was like, 'This isn't right!' " McElroy says onstage, to giggles from the crowd. "So I went back to the same woman, and I said, 'What do I do now?' And she said, 'You go home!'" Eu consultei um médico, que me deu alguns comprimidos e me mandou embora. Mas eu ainda não tinha feito nenhuma papelada. Eu pensei, 'Isso não está certo!' " McElroy diz no palco, arrancando risadas da multidão. “Então voltei para a mesma mulher e disse: 'O que eu faço agora?' E ela disse: 'Vá para casa!
The mostly British audience erupts into laughter. O público majoritariamente britânico cai na gargalhada.
McElroy acknowledges it doesn't sound like much of a joke. He's just recounting his first experience at a U.K. public hospital. But Britons find it hilarious, he says, that an American would be searching for a cash register, trying to find how to pay for treatment at a doctor's office or hospital. It is a foreign concept here, McElroy explains. McElroy reconhece que não parece uma piada. Ele está apenas contando sua primeira experiência em um hospital público do Reino Unido. Mas os britânicos acham hilário, diz ele, que um americano esteja procurando uma caixa registradora, tentando descobrir como pagar um tratamento em um consultório médico ou hospital. É um conceito estranho aqui, explica McElroy.
Onstage, McElroy recounts how, when the hospital receptionist instructed him to go home, he turned to her and exclaimed, "This is amazing!" No palco, McElroy conta como, quando a recepcionista do hospital o instruiu a ir para casa, ele se virou para ela e exclamou: “Isso é incrível!”
Amazing, he says, because he did not have to pay - at least not at the point of service. In Britain, there is a state-funded system called the National Health Service, or NHS, which guarantees care for all. That means everything from ambulance rides and emergency room visits to long hospital stays, complex surgery, radiation and chemotherapy - are all free. Incrível, diz ele, porque não precisou pagar – pelo menos não no ponto de atendimento. Na Grã-Bretanha, existe um sistema financiado pelo Estado denominado Serviço Nacional de Saúde, ou NHS, que garante cuidados para todos. Isso significa que tudo, desde viagens de ambulância e visitas ao pronto-socorro até longas internações hospitalares, cirurgias complexas, radioterapia e quimioterapia - são todos gratuitos.
They are paid for with payroll taxes. In addition, any medication you get during a hospital visit is free, and the cost of most prescription drugs at a pharmacy are cheap - a few dollars. (Private health care also exists in the U.K., paid out-of-pocket or through private insurance coverage, but only a small minority of residents opt for it.) Eles são pagos com impostos sobre a folha de pagamento. Além disso, qualquer medicamento que você receba durante uma visita ao hospital é gratuito e o custo da maioria dos medicamentos prescritos em uma farmácia é barato - alguns dólares. (Os cuidados de saúde privados também existem no Reino Unido, pagos do próprio bolso ou através de cobertura de seguro privado, mas apenas uma pequena minoria de residentes opta por eles.)
Since the 2008 financial crisis, the U.K., like many countries, has been taking in less tax revenue - so it has had to cut spending. Its expenditure on the National Health Service has still grown, but at a slower pace than before. [... ] Wait times at the emergency room are up, says Richard Murray, policy director at the King's Fund, a health care think tank. Desde a crise financeira de 2008, o Reino Unido, tal como muitos países, tem recebido menos receitas fiscais – por isso teve de cortar despesas. As suas despesas com o Serviço Nacional de Saúde ainda cresceram, mas a um ritmo mais lento do que antes. [...] O tempo de espera no pronto-socorro aumentou, diz Richard Murray, diretor de políticas do King's Fund, um think tank de saúde.
"If the ER is really busy, it makes the ambulances queue outside the front door - not great," Murray says. "And in some cases, the hospital is simply full." “Se o pronto-socorro estiver muito ocupado, as ambulâncias farão fila do lado de fora da porta da frente – o que não é ótimo”, diz Murray. “E em alguns casos, o hospital está simplesmente lotado”.
(Adapted from https://www.npr.org)
24 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2021)
Which option replaces the word "overburdened" in the title "U.K. hospitals are overburdened", according to its meaning in the text?
(A) Completely broke.
(B) Completely crowded.
(C) Completely abandoned.
(D) Extremely expensive.
(E) Extremely bad.
25 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2021)
According to the text, which option is correct?
(A) British and
American people share the same opinion about health care.
(B) Mr. McElroy
was dissatisfied with his first experience at a British hospital.
(C) In Britain,
the majority of the population prefers the public health system.
(D) Only
British people attend Mr. McElroy's gigs at comedy clubs in London.
(E) British people do not like it when Mr. McElroy makes fun of the NHS.
❑ TEXTO: Read the text below and answer question 26.
Time to envision legal recourse for climate refugees
As gradually worsening
climate patterns and severe weather events prompt an increase in human
mobility, people who choose to move will do so with little legal protection.
The current system of international law is not equipped to protect climate
migrants, as there are no legally binding agreements obliging countries to
support climate migrants.
While climate migrants who
flee unbearable conditions resemble refugees, the legal protections afforded to
refugees do not extend to them. In the aftermath of World War II, the United
Nations established a system to protect civilians who had been forced from
their home countries by political violence. Today, there are almost 20.4
million officially designated refugees under the protection of the United
Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR), but there is an additional group
of 21.5 million people who flee their homes as a result of sudden onset weather
hazards every year.
The UNHCR has refused to grant these people refugee status, instead
designating them as "environmental migrants," in large part because
it lacks the resources to address their needs. But with no organized effort to
supervise the migrant population, these desperate individuals go where they
can, not necessarily where they should. As their numbers grow, it will become
increasingly difficult for the international community to ignore this
challenge. As • severe climate change displaces more people, the international
community may be forced to either redefine "refugees" to
include climate migrants or create a new legal category and accompanying
institutional framework to protect climate migrants. However, opening that
debate in the current context would be very difficult. Currently, the
atmosphere in Europe and the U.S. would most likely lead to limiting refugee
protections rather than expanding them.
Adapted from https://www.brookings.edu)
26 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2021)
Choose the correct option according to the text.
(A) The number
of people who are fleeing home due to climate change is stable.
(B) There is
some similarity between climate migrants and refugees.
(C) The UNHCR
can afford to protect climate migrants and refugees.
(D) The
international community is considering revising the definition for refugee.
(E) The U.S.
and European countries want to increase refugee protections.
27 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2021)
Which is the correct option to complete the text below?
A good CV
It starts with a brilliant summary that makes people ____ more; it is daring, lively. You rarely need ____ trivial details of your early education or training except in passing.
Your CV is a creative document that allows you what you think is appropriate, compared with forms, which confine self-expression; you might as well ____ that freedom!
(A) to want to read / explain / to say / to use
(B) want to read / explaining / saying / using
(C) want to read / to explain / to say/ use
(D) want reading / to explain / say/ use
(E) to want to read / explaining / saying / to use
28 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2021)
Mark the sentence that is INCORRECT.
(A) You'd feel like dozing off in class if no one could see or hear you doing that.
(B) If your face is on the screen, it'll definitely make it just a better experience.
(C) If you have your own space, it can be really easy to live in almost exclusively.
(D) You'd get bored if you spend your entire day essentially in your bedroom.
(E) If you see your children are not doing their work, just check up on them.
29 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2021)
Mark the option that completes the excerpt below correctly.
[...] Then he ____ a lot, and I that I did. He ___ where, and I ____ him that I _____ throughout Europe and to the east coast in America, primarily.
(MCDANIEL, Phyllis. Over the line: a Detective Bendix mystery VI. 2013. p. 200)
(A) asked / travel / said / asked if / told / had gone
(B) asked / traveled I told / asked if / said / went
(C) asked if / travel / told / asked / said / go
(D) asked if / traveled / told / asked / said / go
(E) asked if / traveled / said / asked / told / went
30 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2021)
Which option completes the text below correctly?
Ultimately you can't go
long term without an appropriate duration of sleep, so it's important to try to
get ____ sleep ____ nights.
While everyone's exact
sleep requirements are different, on average you should be getting between six
and nine hours of sleep a night. Your brain is hardwired for what it needs.
Getting less sleep than you need can cause sleepiness and moodiness, as well as
difficulty concentrating, poor coordination and poor work quality.
Overall it's important to try to maintain a consistent and regular sleep cycle. Be aware that when you miss sleep, it'll take ____ days to get back on track.
(Adapted from https://wexnermedical.osu.edu/)
(A) much / all
/ a little
(B) much /
every / any
(C) enough /
every / a little
(D) enough /
most / a few
(E) many / most
/ a few
31 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2022)
Choose the correct option to complete the text below.
In February, the Royal Navy's submarine HMS Talent (S92) ____ the upgraded Spearfish torpedo near the Isle of Skye to rigorously test it before it ____ service.
During the three-day trial, the torpedo _____ at Talent three times and _____ to safely pass submarine.
The trials _____ valuable data in the final stages of the upgraded torpedo's development ahead of its entry into service.
The operational version of the weapon _____ to all front-line Royal Navy submarines by 2025.
(Adapted from https://www.navaltoday.com)
(A) was fired / will enter / fired / programmed / provided / will introduce
(B) fired / enters I was fired / was programmed / provided / will be introduced
(C) was fired / entered / was fired / was programmed / were provided / will introduce
(D) fired / enters / fired / was programmed / were provided / will introduce
(E) was fired / entered / fired I programmed / provided / will be introduced
32 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2021)
Which is the correct option to complete the text below?
Personnel aboard HMS Queen
Elizabeth ___ in a sports day to reinvigorate interest in team sports.
The event, led by the
NAVYfit team at HMS Temeraire, working under Covid-19 guidance, provided an opportunity
for personnel to ___ in a range of activities, designed to show the importance
of sport and fitness to health and well-being.
("Sporting opportunities
for carrier personnel".
Naval News, p. 36, December
2020.)
(A) took part /
take part
(B) took place/
take place
(C) got over /
take off
(D) got up /
get up
(E) got away
with / get away with
❑ TEXTO: Read the information below.
How do I know if I'm eligible to apply to the Naval Academy?
You must be:
- at least 17 years of age and must not have passed your 23rd birthday on July 1st of the year of admission;
- unmarried, not pregnant and have no incurred obligations
of parenthood; and
- a United States citizen (except for the limited quotas of international midshipmen specifically authorized by Congress).
(Adapted from https://www.usna.edu/)
33 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2021)
Considering only the requirements above, who can apply to the Naval Academy?
(A) A woman who is expecting a baby.
(B) A married American man who is eighteen years old.
(C) Any foreign person who lives in the US.
(D) A nineteen-year-old American woman who is single.
(E) An unmarried man over twenty-four who was born in the US.
34 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2021)
Which option completes the paragraph below correctly?
"Would you like to go to Vyas Chhatri, madam?" Lal asks, as I get back into the car. "It was built in honour of Maharishi Ved Vyas. I'm sure your head tells you to go back, but your heart doesn't want to let go of the opportunity, ______ ?"
(Adapted from www.travelandleisureindia.in)
(A) aren't you
(B) isn't it
(C) does it
(D) is it
(E) doesn't it
35 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2021)
Which is the correct option to complete the text below?
Social engineering: here's how you ____ be hacked
Learn how social engineering _____ affect you, plus common examples to help you identify and stay safe from these schemes.
Social engineering is an important term in the security world, but you ____ not be familiar with exactly what it means. While it is a broad subject, there are specific types of social engineering that we ____ examine to learn more. Let's look at social engineering as a concept so you ____ avoid falling victim to it.
Social engineering is the act of manipulating people to steal private information from them, or make them give up such confidential details.
(Adapted from https://www.muo.com)
(A) could / can / might / can / can
(B) must / should / must / could / must
(C) should / must / might / ought to / can
(D) must / can/ must / can / should
(E) could / should / must / ought to / must
36 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2021)
Read the sentences below.
I - She has a _____ job.
II - I enjoyed the movie at first, but after a time I got ____ with it.
Ill - I was ____ at her knowledge of literature.
IV - Which do you find more ____, traveling by car or by bus?
Which option completes the sentences correctly?
(A) stressed / boring / surprised / tired
(B) stressful / boring / surprising / tiring
(C) stressing / bored / surprising / tired
(D) stressed / boring / surprised / tireless
(E) stressful / bored / surprised / tiring
37 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2021)
Which word best completes the question below?
_____ advice do you follow more, your parents' or your friends' advice?
(A) Who
(B) Whom
(C) Whose
(D) When
(E) Where
38 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2021)
Which option completes the paragraph below correctly?
[...] Go on, don't let the conversation die. Say something; just keep talking. "Do you read many novels? You do? ____ , or some at least, though nonfiction is more in my line…”.
(Adapted from CALVINO, ltalo. If on a winter's night a traveller.Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc.,1981. p.21)
(A) I do
neither
(B) So do I
(C) Nor do I
(D) So I do
(E) Neither do
I
39 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2021)
Which option completes the text below correctly?
Do you feel mentally drained out ____ office? Are you constantly worried ____ meeting your deadline or are unable ____ achieve your targets? All these can lead ____ stress, a phenomenon faced ____ the majority of the working population.
(https://www.thehealthsite.com)
(A) after / with / of / to / for
(B) after/ about / to / to / by
(C) before I with / of/ from / with
(D) before / of/ to / from / by
(E) during / about / of / to / for
40 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2021/2022)
Which option completes the paragraph below correctly?
Brazil has joined Combined Maritime Forces (CMF)
"On July
30th, the Brazilian Navy ______ the invitation letter from the CCFM accepting
the affiliation as a full member of the CMF. The Brazilian Navy _____ kind of
event an excellent opportunity _____ this ties of friendship, as well as _____ cooperation
and mutual
respect among
the participating navies," a spokesperson for the Brazilian Navy _____ .
(Adapted from https://www.navaltoday.com)
(A) answered /
will consider / to reinforce / to promote / say
(B) has
answered / has considered / reinforcing / promoting / say
(C) answers/
considered/ reinforces/ promotes / says
(D) answered /
considers / to reinforce / to promote / said
(E) has answered / will consider / to reinforce / promoting / said
Nenhum comentário:
Postar um comentário