PUC/SP – 2019 – VESTIBULAR INVERNO – LÍNGUA INGLESA – PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DE SÃO PAULO – PROVA COM GABARITO.

Welcome back to another post!

➧ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: PUC/SP-2019-VESTIBULAR-INVERNO.

➧ PADRÃO/COMPOSIÇÃO DA PROVA: 09 Questões do tipo (A,B,C,D).

➧ GABARITO:

01-D, 02-B, 03-C

04-A, 05-B, 06-C

07-D, 08-C, 09-A

➧ PROVA:

➧ TEXT I: Responda às questões de 01 a 09 de acordo com o texto abaixo

The drugs don't work: what happens after antibiotics?
Antibiotic resistance is growing so fast that routine surgery could soon become impossible. But scientists are fighting back in the battle against infection

You essentially trick the bacteria’: Kim Lewis, one of two researchers who discovered teixobactin. Photograph: Adam Glanzman

1- The first antibiotic that didn’t work for Debbi Forsythe was trimethoprim. In March 2016, Forsythe, a genial primary care counsellor from Morpeth, Northumberland, contracted a urinary tract infection. UTIs are common: more than 150 million people worldwide contract one every year. So when Forsythe saw her GP, they prescribed the usual treatment: a three-day course of antibiotics. When, a few weeks later, she fainted and started passing blood, she saw her GP again, who again prescribed trimethoprim.

2- Three days after that, Forsythe’s husband Pete came home to find his wife lying on the sofa, shaking, unable to call for help. He rushed her to A&E. She was put on a second antibiotic, gentamicin, and treated for sepsis, a complication of the infection that can be fatal if not treated quickly. The gentamicin didn’t work either. Doctors sent Forsythe’s blood for testing, but such tests can take days: bacteria must be grown in cultures, then tested against multiple antibiotics to find a suitable treatment. Five days after she was admitted to hospital, Forsythe was diagnosed with an infection of multi-drugresistant E coli, and given ertapenem, one of the so-called “last resort” antibiotics.

3- It worked. But damage from Forsythe’s episode has lingered and she lives in constant fear of an infection reoccurring. Six months after her collapse, she developed another UTI, resulting, again, in a hospital stay. “I’ve had to accept that I will no longer get back to where I was,” she says. “My daughter and son said they felt like they lost their mum, because I wasn’t who I used to be.” But Forsythe was fortunate. Sepsis currently kills more people in the UK than lung cancer, and the number is growing, as more of us develop infections immune to antibiotics.

4- Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) – the process of bacteria (and yeasts and viruses) evolving defense mechanisms against the drugs we use to treat them – is progressing so quickly that the UN has called it a “global health emergency”. At least 2 million Americans contract drug-resistant infections every year. So-called “superbugs” spread rapidly, in part because some bacteria are able to borrow resistance genes from neighbouring species via a process called horizontal gene transfer. In 2013, researchers in China discovered E coli containing mcr-1, a gene resistant to colistin, a last-line antibiotic that, until recently, was considered too toxic for human use. Colistin-resistant infections have now been detected in at least 30 countries.

5- “In India and Pakistan, Bangladesh, China, and countries in South America, the resistance problem is already endemic,” says Colin Garner, CEO of Antibiotic Research UK. In May 2016, the UK government’s Review on Antimicrobial Resistance forecast that by 2050 antibiotic-resistant infections could kill 10 million people per year – more than all cancers combined.

6- “We have a good chance of getting to a point where for a lot of people there are no [effective] antibiotics,” Daniel Berman, leader of the Global Health team at Nesta, told me. The threat is difficult to imagine. A world without antibiotics means returning to a time without organ transplants, without hip replacements, without many now-routine surgeries. It would mean millions more women dying in childbirth; make many cancer treatments, including chemotherapy, impossible; and make even the smallest wound potentially lifethreatening. As Berman told me: “Those of us who are following this closely are actually quite scared.”

7- Bacteria are everywhere: in our bodies, in the air, in the soil, coating every surface in their sextillions. Many bacteria produce antibiotic compounds – exactly how many, we don’t know – probably as weapons in a microscopic battle for resources between different strains of bacteria that has been going on for billions of years. Because bacteria reproduce so quickly, they are able to evolve with astonishing speed. Introduce bacteria to a sufficiently weak concentration of an antibiotic and resistance can emerge within days. Penicillin resistance was first documented in 1940, a year before its first use in humans.

(A common misconception is that people can become antibioticresistant. They don’t – the bacteria do.)
Oliver Franklin-Wallis Sun 24 Mar 2019

In: https://www.theguardian.com/global/2019/mar/24/the-drugsdont-work-what-happens-after-antibiotics

01 – (PUC/SP-2019-VESTIBULAR INVERNO)

According to the first paragraph, in the sentence

“When, a few weeks later, she fainted and started passing blood, she saw her GP again, who again prescribed trimethoprim”,

the fragment passing blood means

a) urinating blood.
b) spitting blood and saliva.
c) sneezing blood with nasal mucus.
d) defecating feces with blood.

02 – (PUC/SP-2019-VESTIBULAR INVERNO)

Ainda no primeiro parágrafo, a sentença

“UTIs are common: more than 150 million people worldwide contract one every year”

significa que mais de 150 milhões de pessoas

a) contratam uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva todo o ano.
b) contraem uma infecção urinária todos os anos.
c) são encaminhadas para uma UTI todos os anos, devido a infecções.
d) contratam um conselheiro em cuidados básicos.

03 – (PUC/SP-2019-VESTIBULAR INVERNO)

De acordo com o terceiro parágrafo:

a) Forsythe está curada do problema, tendo se livrado das infecções recorrentes.
b) seis meses mais tarde, ela voltou ao hospital para tratar de um colapso nervoso.
c) embora tivesse tido uma recorrência da infecção, felizmente ela não teve sepse.
d) seu filho e sua filha acharam que ela voltaria ao que era antes.

04 – (PUC/SP-2019-VESTIBULAR INVERNO)

Assinale a alternativa que NÃO é mencionada no texto:

a) Em vinte anos, infecções resistentes a antibióticos matarão milhões de pessoas.
b) O desenvolvimento dos mecanismos de defesa das bactérias contra as drogas é muito rápido.
c) Tanto as bactérias como as pessoas podem se tornar resistentes a antibióticos.
d) Poderá chegar o dia em que cirurgias de rotina não poderão ser realizadas, por falta de antibióticos efetivos.

05 – (PUC/SP-2019-VESTIBULAR INVERNO)

In the text, the initials/acronyms GP and A&E stand for, respectively

a) General Pediatrician and Activity and Emergency.
b) General Practitioner and Accident and Emergency.
c) Grand Prix and Aerobic Function and Exercises.
d) Gastroenterology Practitioner and Asylum and Exercise.

BIZU:

*GP = General Practitioner = Clínico Geral

*A&E = Accident and Emergengy = Pronto Socorro

06 – (PUC/SP-2019-VESTIBULAR INVERNO)

No sexto parágrafo, outra maneira de dizer

“Those of us who are following this closely are actually quite scared”,

pode ser:

a) “Those of us who were following this closely are actually quite scared”.
b) “Those of us who followed this were actually quite scared.”
c) “Those of us who have been following this closely are actually quite scared”.
d) “Those of us who could follow this would have been actually quite scared.”

07 – (PUC/SP-2019-VESTIBULAR INVERNO)

No quinto parágrafo, no trecho

“In May 2016, the UK government’s Review on Antimicrobial Resistance forecast that by 2050 antibiotic-resistant infections could kill 10 million people per year – more than all cancers combined”,

a locução could kill pode ser substituída por:

a) should kill.
b) must kill.
c) would kill.
d) might kill.

BIZU:

*COULD KILL = MIGHT KILL (Contexto de POSSIBILIDADE).

08 – (PUC/SP-2019-VESTIBULAR INVERNO)

No sétimo parágrafo, na sentença

“Penicillin resistance was first documented in 1940, a year before its first use in humans”,

o pronome ITS refere-se a

a) resistance.
b) year.
c) penicillin.
d) humans.

09 – (PUC/SP-2019-VESTIBULAR INVERNO)

No segundo parágrafo, os termos

help, unable, bacteria e quickly,

no contexto, são respectivamente

a) substantivo – adjetivo – substantivo – advérbio.
b) verbo – verbo – substantivo – advérbio.
c) substantivo – advérbio – substantivo – adjetivo.
d) verbo – adjetivo – substantivo – advérbio.

PUC/SP – 2019 – VESTIBULAR VERÃO – LÍNGUA INGLESA – PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DE SÃO PAULO – PROVA COM GABARITO.

Welcome back to another post!

➧ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: PUC/SP-2019-VESTIBULAR-VERÃO.

➧ PADRÃO/COMPOSIÇÃO DA PROVA: 09 Questões do tipo (A,B,C,D).

➧ GABARITO:

01-B, 02-D, 03-C

04-C, 05-A, 06-B

07-D, 08-A, 09-B

➧ PROVA:

➧ TEXT I: Responda às questões de 01 a 09 de acordo com o texto abaixo

The key trends that will shape renewable energy in 2018 and beyond

A man cleans a solar panel installed on his rooftop for free by the government in China. Image: REUTERS/Stringer (12 Jan)

When clean energy first made headway in the global scenario, questions were raised about how stable and scalable it was. At a macro level, unstable policies for powering future growth were exacerbated by technological immaturity and lack of funding. Nevertheless, clean energy installations continued to grow, albeit slowly, until a dramatic leap a few years ago.

An unprecedented drop in the cost of producing clean energy has occurred in the last couple of years. It is becoming the cheapest source of power for more and more countries.These heady declines in cost are likely to continue over the next decade.Given its increasing affordability, the applications and use cases of renewable energy have broadened. Alongside electricity production, it is providing new solutions for mobility and energy security worldwide. 

The electric vehicle market is growing rapidly, with China leading the way, and European and American markets following suit. Countries like India are already targeting complete electrification of its vehicular fleet by 2030. The affordability and widespread use of electric vehicles is being driven in part by falling battery costs. These enable further energy stability solutions, including wind-solar hybrid generation.

Today, a fifth of the world’s electricity is produced by renewable energy. In 2016, there were 160GW of clean energy installations globally. This is 10% more than in 2015, but they cost almost a quarter less. New solar power gave the biggest boost, providing half of all new capacity, followed by wind power, which provided a third, and hydropower, which gave 15%. It was the first year in history that added solar capacity outstripped any other electricity-producing technology.

Careful protectionism or liberalisation of the renewables sector – according to each country’s
requirements – is necessary so as not to harm sector
growth in the long run. There must be a balance between fair competition on the one hand, and incentives for companies to focus on development on the other hand, while gaining good returns on their investments. Governments must focus on technology and manufacturing commitments that support clean energy.

Renewable energy is a global phenomenon on the upswing. For the foreseeable future, its growth is set to accelerate. But we have to ensure that progress is made in the right way. Our priorities and decisions now will determine how future societies benefit.

Fonte <https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/01/clean-energyrenewablegrowth-sustainable-key-trends/> (adaptado)

01 – (PUC/SP-2019-VESTIBULAR VERÃO)

According to the first paragraph, when clean energy initially emerged in the world scenario,

a) it was disregarded as too unstable to really solve the world's energy problems.
b) people were uncertain about the possibilities and stability of these new sources of power.
c) technological immaturity and uncertainty inhibited stronger funding applications.
d) new macroeconomic policies were immediately created to promote its development.

02 – (PUC/SP-2019-VESTIBULAR VERÃO)

O trecho do primeiro parágrafo

"Nevertheless, clean energy installations continued to grow, albeit slowly, until a dramatic leap a few years ago"

corresponde, em sentido, à alternativa:

a) Nunca antes instalações de energia limpa cresceram tão drasticamente, quanto até poucos anos atrás.
b) Embora as instalações de energia limpa continuassem a crescer, ainda que lentamente, elas sofreram um dramático revés, alguns anos atrás.
c) Naquele momento, as instalações de energia limpa continuaram a crescer, cada vez mais rapidamente, até um fantástico desenvolvimento há poucos anos.
d) No entanto, as instalações de energia limpa continuaram a crescer, embora lentamente, até um avanço surpreendente há alguns anos.

03 – (PUC/SP-2019-VESTIBULAR VERÃO)

It is correct to state, according to the second paragraph:

a) Clean energy is the cheapest type of energy ever produced.
b) Countries would like to extend the present costs over the next decade.
c) Due to its growing accessibility, clean energy has seen its possibilities of application widen.
d) Mobility and security in the world today demand increasing electricity production.

04 – (PUC/SP-2019-VESTIBULAR VERÃO)

De acordo com o terceiro parágrafo,

a) a Europa e os Estados Unidos investem menos que o esperado na fabricação de carros elétricos.
b) a Índia encabeça iniciativa para a completa exclusão, no mercado, de carros movidos a energia eólica.
c) a China lidera o crescimento no mercado de carros elétricos.
d) países menos desenvolvidos sofrem com o alto preço dos componentes de carros elétricos.

05 – (PUC/SP-2019-VESTIBULAR VERÃO)

É dado correto, de acordo com o quarto parágrafo:

a) Percentualmente, a energia solar tem crescido mais do que outras formas de energia limpa.
b) Atualmente, 50% da eletricidade mundial provém de energia renovável.
c) Em 2015, instalações de energia limpa superaram em 10% a produção dos anos anteriores.
d) Em 2016, o número de instalações de energia renovável diminuiu drasticamente.

06 – (PUC/SP-2019-VESTIBULAR VERÃO)

O quinto parágrafo afirma explicitamente que:

a) Cada país deve construir suas próprias normas e exigências quanto à liberação de energia limpa.
b) Deve ser compromisso dos governos apoiar a produção de energia renovável por meio da tecnologia.
c) Observa-se haver, atualmente, um equilíbrio adequado entre competição de um lado e incentivos de outro.
d) Bons retornos financeiros têm sido garantidos para investidores em energia limpa.

07 – (PUC/SP-2019-VESTIBULAR VERÃO)

No trecho do quinto parágrafo

"There must be a balance between fair competition on the one hand, and incentives for companies to focus on development on the other",

a expressão sublinhada significa:

a) Pode eventualmente haver.
b) Poderia ser.
c) Lá deve haver.
d) Deve haver.

• BIZU: THERE MUST BE = DEVE HAVER.

08 – (PUC/SP-2019-VESTIBULAR VERÃO)

No trecho do último parágrafo

“Renewable energy is a global phenomenon on the upswing. For the foreseeable future, its growth is set to accelerate”,

a palavra “its” refere-se a:

a) Renewable energy.
b) Growth future.
c) Global phenomenon.
d) Foreseeable future.

09 – (PUC/SP-2019-VESTIBULAR VERÃO)

O texto permite compreender que:

a) A energia renovável é um fenômeno global, porém ainda com limitado potencial de ascensão.
b) Apesar de algumas dificuldades, a energia renovável tem se mostrado crescentemente relevante.
c) A energia renovável jamais substituirá as alternativas que usamos atualmente.
d) A energia renovável ainda é falha e instável, apesar dos esforços dispendidos.

PUC-PR-2018-Vestibular de INVERNO da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná

Hey, what's up my friends!!!...How have you been?! Welcome back to another post!

Neste post, veremos a Prova INGLÊS-PUC-PR-Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná-Vestibular INVERNO-2018-Prova OBJETIVA aplicada em 27/05/2018.

A prova de inglês tem 06 questões do tipo múltipla escolha(A,B,C,D,E).
LEITURA de textos de jornais digitais,revistas, websites, blogs e cartoons a seguir, é um excelente treino para a provas de inglês da PUC-PR-VESTIBULAR DE INVERNO.
[a]Banca/Organizador 

Pontifícia Universidade Católica 
www.pucpr.br

_____________________________________________________________________________

[b]Padrão/Composição da prova 

➦ Prova com 06 Questões.
➦ Foco: 
•Compreensão Textual de eventos atuais de relevância mundial.
•Identificação do tipo de ESTRUTURA ARGUMENTATIVA de um determinado trecho contextual.
•Identificação do(s) referente(s) de PRONOME OU ESTRUTURA PRONOMIAL.
•Uso contextual da conjunção DESPITE.
•Uso contextual de phrasal verbs: TO HOLD DOWN e TO COME BY.
•Identificação da semântico do verbo modal CAN dentro de um contexto.
•Parafrasear corretamente ESTRUTURAS NOMINAIS. 
•Vocábulos sinônimos contextuais.

🔄 Verbs :

➽[to age ➜ "envelhecer"]
"[...] Stress hormones in the body for extended periods of time can physically age our cells."
(Hormônios do estresse no corpo por longos períodos de tempo podem fisicamente envelhecer nossas células.)
🔄Phrasal Verbs :
➽[]

🔄Expressões verbais com o TO BE(simple present/simple past/simple future/ be going to/present continuous/past continuous/future continuous):
➽[and it's not always(ênNêts-nâról-uêis) ➜ "e nem sempre é"]
"[...] Stress is a part of life, and it's not always a bad part of life."
(O estresse é uma parte da vida e nem sempre é uma parte ruim da vida.)
🔄Expressões com os 10 modais(can/could/may/might/must/should/would/ought to/will/shall):
➽[it can affect us ➜ "ele pode nos afetar"]
"[...] Negative stress isn't just in your head, it can affect us both mentally and physically."
(O estresse negativo não está apenas na sua cabeça, ele pode nos afetar tanto mental como fisicamente.)
➽[you can manage ➜ "você pode gerenciar"]
"[...] The good news is, you can manage stress now to prevent more damage to your body and mind tomorrow."
(A boa notícia é que você pode gerenciar o estresse agora para evitar mais danos ao seu corpo e mente amanhã.)
➽[that can be learned ➜ "que pode ser aprendido"]
"[...] Stress management is a skill that can be learned."
(O gerenciamento do estresse é uma habilidade que pode ser aprendida.) 

🔄Expressões comuns corriqueiras :

➽[Most of us(Môustêvâs) ➜ "A maioria de nós"]
➦"[...] Most of us enjoy good stress in small doses like roller coasters, watching sports or even a scary movie."
(A maioria de nós gosta de um bom estresse em pequenas doses, como montanhas-russas, assistir esportes ou até mesmo um filme de terror.)
🔄Expressões idiomáticas(tradução literal não funciona):
➽[Keep me on my toes ➜ "Usa-se para dizer que alguém ou alguma coisa nos força a ficar atentos, a tomar mais cuidado, a colocar toda nossa energia no que estamos fazendo"]
➦"[...] That's the kind of stress that keeps us young and on our toes."
(Esse é o tipo de estresse que nos mantêm jovens e em mantêm alertas.)
🔄Collocations(transmitem boa sonoridade):
➽[]
🔄Expressões ADJETIVO+SUBSTANTIVO :
➽[roller coasters ➜ "montanhas-russas"]
🔄Extrutura NOT ONLY...ALSO (após NOT ONLY, inverte-se o sujeito com o verbo) :
➽[not only does it...it can also...]
"[...] Not only does it add years to your appearance, it can also affect your memory, making brain cells shrink permanently."
(Não só acrescenta anos à sua aparência, como também pode afetar sua memória, fazendo com que as células cerebrais se encolham permanentemente.)

Read the text.

The Effects of Stress

1
Stress is a part of life, and it's not always a bad part of life. Most of us enjoy good stress in small doses like roller coasters, watching sports or even a scary movie. That's the kind of stress that keeps us young and on our toes.
2
Then there's bad stress, or worse, chronic stress. Negative stress isn't just in your head, it can affect us both mentally and physically. Stress hormones in the body for extended periods of time can physically age our cells. So when you're stressed at work or home, your cells look and act older, making you look older and even impacting your immune system. Not only does it add years to your appearance, it can also affect your memory, making brain cells shrink permanently. Even short-term stress can make it hard for you to remember simple things. The good news is, you can manage stress now to prevent more damage to your body and mind tomorrow. Stress management is a skill that can be learned.
_____________________________________________________________________________

Available at: <https://www.englishcentral.com/video/21702>.

      Questão   55 
According to the text above, what are the effects of good stress?
A) According to the text, good stress can be caused by entertainment.
B) According to the text, good stress can cure bad stress.
C) According to the text above, one can learn how to enjoy good stress.
D) According to the text, good stress can be negative.
E) According to the text, good stress can keep one young and on his or her toes.
_____________________________________________________________________________
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  E 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

De acordo com o texto acima, quais são os efeitos do bom estresse?

*Alternativa (A): De acordo com o texto, o bom estresse pode ser causado pelo entretenimento.
*Alternativa (B): De acordo com o texto, o bom estresse pode curar o estresse ruim.
*Alternativa (C): De acordo com o texto acima, pode-se aprender a desfrutar de um bom estresse.
*Alternativa (D): De acordo com o texto, o bom estresse pode ser negativo.
*Alternativa (E): De acordo com o texto, o bom estresse pode manter um jovem e em seus dedos do pé.
_____________________________________________________________________________
Read the text.
_____________________________________________________________________________

Fighting salt and sugar cravings, with spicy food

By Lisa Drayer, CNN

_____________________________________________________________________________

There's no magic pill that will cure you of your cravings. But there is something that may help the effort, and it's all-natural.

_____________________________________________________________________________
1
Research has shown that simply spicing up your diet may help you consume less salt and possibly less sugar, while potentially improving your health even beyond the reduction of salt and sugar.
2 There is more consistent evidence that spicy food helps curb salt cravings than sugar.
3 In a study involving more than 600 people from China 1whose brains were analyzed with PET/CT scans, researchers found that regions stimulated by intake of both salty and spicy foods overlapped. Because of similar activities taking place in this shared space (think of the overlapping parts of a Venn diagram), consuming spicy foods effectively
enhanced one's sensitivity to salt, thereby helping people crave and consume less salt.
4 "We think that spicy food can trick 2our brain when tasting salty food. It makes us taste the same (level of) saltiness even when a reduced amount of salt is actually consumed," said study author Dr. Zhiming Zhu, professor and director of the Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology at the Third Military Medical University in Chongqing, China.
5 In fact, researchers found that people who regularly enjoy spicy foods consumed 2.5 grams less salt in a day (that's 1,000 fewer milligrams of sodium) compared with 3those who typically steer clear of spice. They also had lower blood pressure.
6 It remains to be seen whether the findings can be replicated in other populations outside China, said Richard David Wainford, associate professor in the Department of Pharmacology at the Boston University School of Medicine, in an accompanying editorial. Still, "a lifestyle intervention that adds taste to the diet, in the form of extra spice and flavor,
versus reduction of the pleasure given by the salt we add to our food, may have more success as a public health strategy to promote population-level dietary salt reduction," 4he added.
7 Spice may have the potential to curb sugar cravings too, though the evidence is mixed. In one study involving 40 students from Denmark, when chili pepper was added to sweet, sour and bitter meals, 5participants experienced a greater desire to eat sweet foods compared with meals without chili added.
8 In another study, also from Denmark, people experienced a decreased desire for salty and spicy foods when 6they ate tomato soup with cayenne pepper compared with eating the soup without pepper. But their desire for sweet and fatty
foods significantly increased when they consumed the spicy soup.
_____________________________________________________________________________

Available at: <https://edition.cnn.com/2017/11/17/health/spicy-salt-sugar-food-drayer/index.html>.
Access on: February 2018.

      Questão   56 
According to the highlighted words they refer to:
A) whose – people; our – we; those – people; he – Richard David Wainford; participants – 40 students; they – people.
B) whose – study; our – we; those – people; he – Richard David Wainford; participants – 40 students; they – foods.
C) whose – people; our - we; those – researchers; he – associate professor; participants – meals; they – their.
D) whose – study; our – we; those – researchers; he – Richard David Wainford; participants – from Denmark; they – people.
E) whose – people; our – we; those – people; he – Richard David Wainford; participants – sweet foods; they – people.
_____________________________________________________________________________
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - PRONOMES E REFERENCIADORES :

De acordo com as palavras destacadas, referem-se a:

A) cujas - pessoas; nosso Nós; aquelas pessoas; ele - Richard David Wainford; participantes - 40 alunos; eles - pessoas.
B) cujo - estudo; nosso Nós; aquelas pessoas; ele - Richard David Wainford; participantes - 40 alunos; eles - alimentos.
C) cujas - pessoas; nosso Nós; aqueles - pesquisadores; ele - professor associado; participantes - refeições; eles deles.
D) cujo - estudo; nosso Nós; aqueles - pesquisadores; ele - Richard David Wainford; participantes - da Dinamarca; eles - pessoas.
E) cujas - pessoas; nosso Nós; aquelas pessoas; ele - Richard David Wainford; participantes - alimentos doces; eles - pessoas.
_____________________________________________________________________________
Read the text.
_____________________________________________________________________________

Barack Obama Calls for 'Long Overdue' Gun Control After Florida School Shooting

By ALANA ABRAMSON

_____________________________________________________________________________
1
Former President Barack Obama took to Twitter Thursday, not only to offer his sympathy for the victims of Wednesday’s school shooting in Florida, but to call for stronger gun control measures —something he had unsuccessfully tried to do during his presidency.
2 “We are grieving with Parkland. But we are not powerless. Caring for our kids is our first job,” Obama wrote on Twitter. “And until we can honestly say that we’re doing enough to keep them safe from harm, including long overdue, common-sense gun safety laws that most Americans want, then we have to change.”
3 Obama’s brief statement was a contrast to that of President Trump, who addressed the nation Thursday but did not mention anything about gun control.
Obama, who was President during national tragedies like the 2012 elementary school shooting in Newtown, Connecticut and the 2015 shooting at the Emanuel AME Church in Charleston, South Carolina, repeatedly stressed the need for stronger gun control measures, but his efforts were rebuffed by Congress. In January 2016, the start of his final year in office, he unveiled a series of executive actions aimed at curbing gun violence, requiring that anyone selling firearms have a license and conduct a background check on people who want to buy them.
_____________________________________________________________________________

Available at:

<http://time.com/5160791/obama-florida-school-shooting/?xid=homepage>.

Access on: February 2018.

      Questão   57 
Read the text and check the CORRECT option:
I. President Obama believes in stronger gun control laws.
II. President Obama never tried to have stricter gun control during his presidency.
III. Obama addressed both the grieving of the American people and stricter gun control on his short statement.
IV. There were no gun shooting tragedies during his government.
V. Obama tried to impose stricter laws, but had no help from Congress.
A) Only statements I, II and IV are correct.
B) Only statements I, II and III are correct.
C) Only statements I, III and V are correct.
D) Only statements II, IV and V are correct.
E) Only statements I, III and IV are correct.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

Leia o texto e verifique a opção CORRETO:

I. O Presidente Obama acredita em leis de controle de armas mais fortes.
II. O presidente Obama nunca tentou ter um controle de armas mais rigoroso durante sua presidência.
III Obama se dirigiu tanto ao luto do povo americano quanto ao controle de armas mais rigoroso em sua breve declaração.
IV. Não houve tragédias durante o seu governo.
V. Obama tentou impor leis mais rígidas, mas não teve ajuda do Congresso.
A) Apenas as declarações I, II e IV estão corretas.
B) Apenas as afirmações I, II e III estão corretas.
C) Apenas as afirmações I, III e V estão corretas.
D) Apenas as declarações II, IV e V estão corretas.
E) Apenas as afirmações I, III e IV estão corretas.
_____________________________________________________________________________
Read the text.
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Driverless Cars Coming Soon

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1
You are driving to school. You look up to see a pretty, hot air balloon. Whoa! You almost went through a stop sign! In a driverless car, you can look at the balloon. The car 1_________ the stop sign without your help and 2________ the car. Car makers and others are already testing driverless cars or AVs (automated vehicles) in the U.S. and other countries. Some companies are working together on driverless technology. Intel (USA) is working with BMW (Germany) and Mobileye (Israel) on a driverless car. Google (USA) and Nissan (Japan) are making their own driverless cars. In the U.S. car makers can test AVs in Florida, California, Nevada, and the District of Columbia. Driverless cars may be
for sale by 2025!
2 Google’s name for its driverless system is “chauffeur.” It’s a good name because a chauffeur is a person who 3_______ your car and takes you places. Google’s chauffeur system drives your car and 4______ you places, but it is not a person! The Google chauffeur system takes the place of the human chauffeur.
3 Most cars already have some driverless technology like the Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS). When a car is slipping on an icy road, the ABS can tap the brakes quickly. The wheels turn slowly but do not stop. The driver can then steer the car to safety.
4 Many cars also have parallel parking technology. These cars can park themselves along a street. No driver is needed. As cars get more driverless technology, they will be safer than cars with a driver. Driverless cars can move closer together on the road than cars with drivers. This may make driving on busy roads safer. Also, AVs don’t get sleepy or text on their phones while driving. Google’s driverless cars have been on the road since 2009 without a major crash.
5 A driverless car can see the road better than people with the help of radar, cameras, and lasers. Radar 5________ the car see things up to 100 meters away even in darkness or rain. Cameras help the car see objects that are close. Lasers that work like radar, called lidar, spin on the roof and build a 3D model of the world around the car.
6 Automated vehicles use a GPS to find the best way from one place to another. All the information from the radar, cameras, lasers, and the GPS 6_______ to the Controller Area Network bus. A bus is a network that 7________ all those devices talk to one another. The CAN bus 8________ the information to steer the car and to tell the car to go or stop.
7 There are some problems with AVs. Hackers may take over the car. There will probably be fewer jobs for people who drive taxis and trucks. A robot taxi can find you and take you to your destination without a taxi driver. AV trucks may roll along highways without a truck driver.
8 In the future, both vehicles with drivers and vehicles without drivers may share the road. You will have a choice. You can be the driver of your car, or you can look out the window while the car drives you.
_____________________________________________________________________________

Available at: <https://www.englishclub.com/reading/driverless-cars.htm>.

Access on: February 2018.

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      Questão   58 
Complete the blanks with the CORRECT option of the verbs.
A) see – stops – drive – takes – help – gos – let – uses.
B) see – stop – drive – take – helps –go – lets – uses.
C) sees – stops – drives –takes – help – gos – lets – use.
D) sees – stops – drives – takes – helps – goes – lets – uses.
E) see – stop – drive – take – helps – goes –lets – uses.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   D 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre CONJUGAÇÃO VERBAL:
Complete os espaços em branco com a opção CORRETO dos verbos.
A) ver - pára - conduz - leva - ajuda - gos - deixa - usa.
B) ver - parar - dirigir - levar - ajuda - deixa - usa - usos.
C) vê - pára - dirige - toma - ajuda - gos - deixa - uso.
D) vê - pára - drives - leva - ajuda - vai - deixa - usa.
E) ver - parar - dirigir - levar - ajuda - vai - leva - usos.
_____________________________________________________________________________
Read the text.
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Fake news is still a problem. Is AI the solution?

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Human fact-checkers can't keep up with the flood of fraudulent stories, images, and videos.

by David Cox

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1
Fake news is fueled in part by advances in technology — from bots that automatically fabricate headlines and entire stories to computer software that synthesizes Donald Trump’s voice and makes him read tweets to a new video editing app that makes it possible to create authentic-looking videos in which one person’s face is stitched onto another person’s body.
2 But technology, in the form of artificial intelligence, may also be the key to solving the fake news problem — which has rocked the American political system and led some to doubt the veracity even of reports from long-trusted media outlets.
3 Experts say AI systems would help fill the gaps left by Snopes, Truth or Fiction, and other online fact-checking outlets, whose human fact-checkers lack the bandwidth to evaluate every article that appears online. These systems could also work with various fake news alert plugins available from Google’s web store, such as the browser extension, This is Fake, which uses a red banner to flag debunked news stories on your Facebook newsfeed.
4 “All of the current systems for tracking fake news are manual, and this is something we need to change as the earlier you can highlight that a story is fake, the easier it is to prevent it going viral,” says Delip Rao, founder of the San Francisco-based AI research company Joostware and organizer of the Fake News Challenge, a competition set up within the AI community to foster development of tools that can reliably spot fake content.
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Available at: <https://www.nbcnews.com/mach/science/fake-news-still-problem-ai-solution-ncna848276>.

Access on: February 2018.

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      Questão   59 
According to the text, read the options and choose the CORRECT alternative.
I. Technology with certain computer programs as bots and video editing apps fuel fake news nowadays.
II. Long-trusted media outlets and forms of artificial intelligence can solve some fake news problems.
III. Human fact-checkers are not capable to evaluate if articles are fake or not.
IV. Developing current systems, as they are still manual, will help to point out if a story is fake or not.
A) T, T, F, T.
B) T, F, F, T.
C) F, T, F, T.
D) F, F, T, T.
E) T, F, T, F.
_____________________________________________________________________________
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

De acordo com o texto, leia as opções e escolha a alternativa CORRETA.

I. Tecnologia com certos programas de computador como bots e aplicativos de edição de vídeo alimentam notícias falsas hoje em dia.
II. Meios de comunicação confiáveis e formas de inteligência artificial podem resolver alguns problemas de notícias falsas.
III Os verificadores de fatos humanos não são capazes de avaliar se os artigos são falsos ou não.
IV. Desenvolver sistemas atuais, como eles ainda são manuais, ajudará a apontar se uma história é falsa ou não.
A) T, T, F, T.
B) T, F, F, T.
C) F, T, F, T.
D) F, F, T, T.
E) T, F, T, F.

Watch an illustration.

vailable at: <https://www.comicsenglish.com/comics/do-you-mind-if-i-text-and-drive-comic>.

Access on: February, 2018.

      Questão   60 
Reading the cartoon, which statement means the CORRECT option?
A) Both questions show the danger of each action for people’s lives.
B) The first person is being rude.
C) The second person is being rude.
D) They don’t like each other’s action.
E) Both questions show how people like these actions in a car.
👍 Gabarito  D