📝 TEXTO
1️⃣ Texto – | Seize the day – Virginia Woolf’s Mrs Dalloway at 100 |
📝 ESTILO MÚLTIPLA ESCOLHAS
🔹 20 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions)
🔹Four-Option Question.
❑ TEXTO:Seize the day – Virginia Woolf’s Mrs Dalloway at 100(Aproveite o dia – Mrs Dalloway, de Virginia Woolf, aos 100 anos.)📘 Expressões relevantes:🔹"Seize the day” é uma tradução direta do latim “Carpe diem”, famosa expressão de Horácio.👉 Sentido: aproveitar o presente ao máximo, viver intensamente o momento, não deixar as oportunidades passarem. "Aproveite o dia" - A mais comum, equivalente direta e natural." Aproveite o momento". Dá ênfase ao presente, sem mencionar literalmente “dia”. "Viva o hoje". Mais poética e breve, transmite urgência de viver o presente. "Não deixe o dia passar". Enfatiza a ideia de não desperdiçar tempo."Viva o agora". Uma versão mais moderna e motivacional.🔹"Seize" = agarrar, tomar posse com firmeza, capturar.🔹"Mrs Dalloway" é um dos romances mais importantes de Virginia Woolf, publicado em 1925, e considerado um marco da literatura modernista.
Mrs Dalloway is explicitly quotidian. It follows
ordinary people through ordinary activities on an
ordinary day – shopping, walking in the park, riding the
bus, going to appointments, mending a dress.
As Woolf’s
characters go about their day, scenes and impressions are
filtered through their individual consciousnesses,
threaded together with language, images and memories.
The novel opens with the famous line “Mrs
Dalloway said she would buy the flowers herself”, a
sentence remarkable for its banality, as well as for its
commitment to the in medias res plunge into life that
Woolf was so keen on.
The iconic status of the line is
demonstrated by the number of online parodies it
inspires, perhaps only surpassed by William Carlos
Williams’s poem This Is Just To Say, which has become a
verified meme.
On Good Friday 1924, Woolf wrote on a page of
the manuscript she was drafting – then called The Hours
– that “I will write whatever I want to write.”
She could
write whatever she wanted to write because she owned
her own publishing house, The Hogarth Press.
The actual
press was in the basement of her suburban Richmond
home.
Mrs Dalloway was the second of Woolf’s novels to
be self-published in this way.
Being a small-press
publisher allowed her to experiment formally in ways that
would have been impossible if she was working with a
mainstream publisher.
In A Writer’s Diary, she describes
her process as both exploratory and technical.
On August
30, 1923, she wrote: “I dig out beautiful caves behind my
characters”.
Later, in October 1924: “I practise writing; do
my scales”.
Despite Woolf’s refusal to compromise with
mainstream tastes, Mrs Dalloway was well received.
Her
contemporaries recognised the novel’s importance
immediately.
“An intellectual triumph”, proclaimed P.C.
Kennedy in the New Statesman; “a cathedral”,
pronounced E.M. Forster in the New Criterion.
It sold
moderately well: 1,500 copies within about a month of its
publication on May 14 – more than her prior novel,
Jacob’s Room, had sold in a year.
Woolf’s novel was revolutionary for its depiction of
same-sex attraction and mental illness, as well as for its
challenge to the novel form and representation of time.
Septimus, so capable as a soldier in the Great War, buries
the trauma of seeing his commanding officer Evans killed,
only to have it resurface in visual and aural hallucinations,
of Evans behind the trees, and birds singing in Greek.
He
perceives, as Clarissa does, the burden of the past upon
the present, and he suffers as a result of the coercion of
the social system.
“In this book I have almost too many ideas,” Woolf
wrote in her diary on June 19, 1923.
“I want to give life
and death, sanity and insanity; I want to criticise the
social system, and to show it at work, at its most
intense.”
Woolf’s ideas have inspired scores of
interpretations, focusing on time, space, reality,
psychology, domesticity, history, sexual relations, politics,
fashion, the environment, health and illness.
She is now
probably the most written-about 20th century English
author.
I can remember vividly first reading this novel as
an undergraduate, after which I devoured Woolf’s
revolutionary 1929 essay A Room of One’s Own, which
criticised the educational, economic and social
constraints that prevented women, in many instances,
from writing anything at all.
Woolf, of course, could and did write.
This was a
function, as she knew, of her financial and class privilege.
In her fiction, she modelled a method of writing that
critiques patriarchal thinking.
She focuses our attention
on overlooked individuals and their inner lives, and she
splendidly undoes the Victorian conception of plot.
Woolf
writes of the past emerging into the present day and the
present’s capacity to reshape the past.
In her diary, she
called this her “tunnelling process”.
In tunnelling through
narrative, Woolf flung out a lot of what seems to be dust
– buying flowers, ogling girls, table manners and weight
gain, advertising, letter writing, doctor’s appointments,
eating eclairs in a department store cafe.
The novel
reminds us of these moments’ triviality, and their
significance, through repeated reference to the bells and
clocks of London striking the hour.
This is why the opening line – and the novel as a
whole – is so remarkable.
It catches drops of shimmering reality from moments that can so easily go unremarked.
This, Woolf knew, was what writing needed to do: to stop
time.
Her metaphor shows that Woolf’s thinking about
time also had a spatial dimension.
These two dimensions
of space and time structure Mrs Dalloway’s theme and
method, As David Daiches explained in his 1939 book The
Novel and the Modern World, Woolf first links a series of
different perspectives through a single shared moment in
time – marked by the sound of the bells – then switches
to an individual perspective, anchored in space, and
moves through that individual’s memories.
Since its publication, Mrs Dalloway has continued
to inspire.
Since the 1970s, she has enjoyed an
unparalleled position in the history of 20th century
letters.
Michael Cunningham’s The Hours, Robin
Lippincott’s Mr Dalloway and John Lanchester’s Mr
Phillips all appeared in the three years between 1998 and
2000, all of them reflecting Woolf’s legacy, tacitly or
explicitly.
Because of the Oscar-winning film adaptation
by Stephen Daldry, Cunningham’s novel is the most
recognisable of these three.
The Hours revises Mrs
Dalloway through the stories of three women: Virginia
Woolf herself; Laura Brown, a 1950s housewife who
reads Mrs Dalloway; and Clarissa Vaughan, nicknamed
Mrs Dalloway by her former lover Richard, for whom she
throws a literary party.
Mrs Dalloway shows us the ways that words can
both connect and sever.
Characters pass each other on
the street, muse on a shared past, or witness the same
event from different vantage points and through different
filters of personality and psyche.
As Hermione Lee
explained, for Woolf “the really important life was
‘within’”. 🔗Adapted from: https://theconversation/jan.30.2025 01. In her work “A writer’s Diary”, Virginia Woolf, describing her
writing process, said that it was A) directly connected to her great imagination. B) inspired by her childhood memories. C) not only dramatic, but also romantic. D) not only technical, but also exploratory. 💡 GABARITO 🄳 In her work “A writer’s Diary”, Virginia Woolf, describing her writing process, said that it was A) ❌directly connected to her great imagination.📌Análise: Não há no texto referência direta à imaginação como base do processo de escrita. O texto não fala em imaginação, mas em técnica e exploração. B) ❌inspired by her childhood memories.📌Análise: Não há qualquer menção a memórias de infância ligadas ao processo descrito.C) ❌not only dramatic, but also romantic.📌Análise: Não aparece nada sobre drama ou romantismo D) ✅not only technical, but also exploratory.Trecho direto: 📌Análise: Correta, exatamente o que o texto afirma.🔹"[...] In A Writer’s Diary, she describes her process as both exploratory and technical.”
02. As to “Mrs. Dalloway”, among other things, the article states
that it was A) filled with remarkable sentences. B) written in the basement of an old suburban home. C) considered an intellectual triumph. D) packed with extraordinary people in their daily routine. 💡 GABARITO 🄲 As to “Mrs. Dalloway”, among other things, the article states that it wasQuanto à “Mrs. Dalloway”, entre outras coisas, o artigo refere que foi A) ❌filled with remarkable sentences.cheio de frases notáveis.📌Análise: O texto destaca explicitamente que a obra contém frase marcante, mas não diz necessariamente está cheio de frases notáveis.🔹"[...] The novel opens with the famous line ‘Mrs Dalloway said she would buy the flowers herself’, a sentence remarkable for its banality, as well as for its commitment to the in medias res plunge into life...” B) ❌written in the basement of an old suburban home.📌Análise: O que ficava no porão era a editora (a prensa), não o romance em si.🔹"[...] She could write whatever she wanted to write because she owned her own publishing house, The Hogarth Press. The actual press was in the basement of her suburban Richmond home.” C) ✅considered an intellectual triumph.📌Análise: O romance foi, de fato, elogiado e considerado um triunfo intelectual.🔹"[...] ‘An intellectual triumph’, proclaimed P.C. Kennedy in the New Statesman...”D) ❌packed with extraordinary people in their daily routine. 📌Análise: O texto reforça que o foco está em pessoas comuns em atividades banais, não extraordinárias. 🔹"[...] Mrs Dalloway is explicitly quotidian. It follows ordinary people through ordinary activities on an ordinary day – shopping, walking in the park...”
03. The opening sentence of the novel is considered
A) a remarkable one due to its banality. B) a kind of message about her characters. C) a popular meme in Great Britain. D) superior to a poem by William Carlos Williams. 💡 GABARITO 🄰 The opening sentence of the novel is consideredA frase inicial do romance é considerada A) ✅a remarkable one due to its banality.📌Análise: Correta. O texto afirma explicitamente que a frase é remarkable for its banality.🔹"[...] The novel opens with the famous line ‘Mrs Dalloway said she would buy the flowers herself’, a sentence remarkable for its banality…” B) ❌a kind of message about her characters.“Uma espécie de mensagem sobre suas personagens.”📌Análise: Não há no texto indicação de que a frase tenha sido criada como mensagem ou símbolo sobre as personagens C) ❌a popular meme in Great Britain.📌Análise: Incorreta. É popular na internet por paródias, mas não especificamente como “meme britânico”.🔹"[...] The iconic status of the line is demonstrated by the number of online parodies it inspires, perhaps only surpassed by William Carlos Williams’s poem…” D) ❌superior to a poem by William Carlos Williams.📌Análise: Incorreta. O texto diz o contrário: o poema é mais popular em termos de paródias.🔹"[...] perhaps only surpassed by William Carlos Williams’s poem This Is Just To Say, which has become a verified meme."
04. Among the many positive aspects of “Mrs. Dalloway”, the
text mentions the way the author A) focuses on rural characters and their personality.
B) undoes the Victorian concept of plot. C) describes the 1950’s routine of housewives. D) highlights the soldiers’ traumas in the Vietnam War. 💡 GABARITO 🄱 Among the many positive aspects of “Mrs. Dalloway”, the text mentions the way the author A) ❌focuses on rural characters and their personality.Não há menção a personagens rurais; o foco é em pessoas comuns na cidade de Londres. B) ✅undoes the Victorian concept of plot.Correta. O texto afirma explicitamente que Woolf desfaz a concepção vitoriana de trama.🔹"[...] In her fiction, she modelled a method of writing that critiques patriarchal thinking. She focuses our attention on overlooked individuals and their inner lives, and she splendidly undoes the Victorian conception of plot." C) ❌describes the 1950’s routine of housewives.O texto menciona Laura Brown como personagem de The Hours, que vive nos anos 50, mas não como foco positivo de Mrs. Dalloway. D) ❌highlights the soldiers’ traumas in the Vietnam War. O texto fala sobre traumas da Primeira Guerra Mundial, não da Guerra do Vietnã: “Septimus, so capable as a soldier in the Great War, buries the trauma…”
05. “Mrs. Dalloway” is considered a revolutionary novel for many
reasons. The text mentions the way that it A) criticized the English educational system. B) challenged the novel form and the representation of
time. C) emphasized the importance of financial and class
privilege. D) described London’s bells and bridges. 💡 GABARITO 🄱 “Mrs. Dalloway” is considered a revolutionary novel for many reasons. The text mentions the way that it A) ❌criticized the English educational system.O texto menciona A Room of One’s Own criticando restrições educacionais, econômicas e sociais para mulheres, mas não Mrs Dalloway especificamente. B) ✅challenged the novel form and the representation of time.Correta. O texto afirma explicitamente que o romance é revolucionário por desafiar a forma do romance e a representação do tempo. “Woolf’s novel was revolutionary for its depiction of same-sex attraction and mental illness, as well as for its challenge to the novel form and representation of time.”C) ❌emphasized the importance of financial and class privilege.O texto apenas menciona que Woolf podia escrever graças a privilégios de classe e financeiros, mas não que o romance enfatizasse isso como tema. D) ❌described London’s bells and bridges. O texto menciona os sinos e relógios de Londres para marcar o tempo e o cotidiano: “The novel reminds us of these moments’ triviality… through repeated reference to the bells and clocks of London…”, mas isso é parte da técnica narrativa, não o motivo de ser revolucionário.
06. Woolf was critical of the many constraints that prevented
women from A) finding a decent job. B) pursuing their dreams. C) being able to write at all. D) adapting to the social system. 💡 GABARITO 🄲 Woolf was critical of the many constraints that prevented women from A) finding a decent job.O texto menciona restrições educacionais, econômicas e sociais para mulheres, mas não fala especificamente sobre empregos. B) pursuing their dreams.O texto indica limitações, mas o foco é mais específico na escrita, não em sonhos em geral. C) being able to write at all. Correta. O texto afirma explicitamente que essas restrições impediam mulheres de escrever.“Woolf’s revolutionary 1929 essay A Room of One’s Own, which criticised the educational, economic and social constraints that prevented women, in many instances, from writing anything at all.”D) adapting to the social system.O texto não sugere que o problema fosse adaptação, mas barreiras estruturais à escrita.
07. According to the text, Virginia Woolf could write whatever
she wanted because she A) was smart enough. B) started writing in her teens. C) had a publishing house. D) had a major in English Literature. 💡 GABARITO 🄲 According to the text, Virginia Woolf could write whatever she wanted because she A) ❌was smart enough.O texto não menciona inteligência como motivo da liberdade de escrita. B) ❌started writing in her teens.O texto não indica que sua liberdade de escrever veio do início da adolescência. C) ✅had a publishing house.Correta. O texto explica claramente que sua autonomia se devia a possuir sua própria editora. “She could write whatever she wanted to write because she owned her own publishing house, The Hogarth Press.”D) ❌had a major in English Literature.O texto não menciona formação acadêmica como razão.
08. The text states that since its publication, the novel “Mrs.
Dalloway” has been very influential and mentions some works that
it has inspired, including Michael Cunningham’s novel “The Hours”,
which has been adapted into a/an A) popular graphic novel. B) Japanese manga edition. C) Oscar-winning film.D) Broadway musical. 💡 GABARITO 🄲 The text states that since its publication, the novel “Mrs. Dalloway” has been very influential and mentions some works that it has inspired, including Michael Cunningham’s novel “The Hours”, which has been adapted into a/an A) ❌popular graphic novel. O texto não menciona nenhuma adaptação em graphic novel.B) ❌Japanese manga edition.Nenhuma referência a mangá japonês aparece no texto. C) ✅Oscar-winning film.Correta. O texto menciona explicitamente a adaptação cinematográfica premiada com Oscar.“Because of the Oscar-winning film adaptation by Stephen Daldry, Cunningham’s novel is the most recognisable of these three.”D) ❌Broadway musical. O texto não fala sobre nenhuma versão musical.
09. The sentence “The iconic status of the line is demonstrated
by the number of online parodies it inspires…” contains clauses
that are, respectively, in A) active voice and passive voice. B) passive voice and active voice. C) active voice and active voice. D) passive voice and passive voice. 💡 GABARITO 🄱 The sentence “The iconic status of the line is demonstrated by the number of online parodies it inspires…” contains clauses that are, respectively, in A) ❌active voice and passive voice.Incorreta, ordem invertida.A primeira cláusula: “The iconic status of the line is demonstrated” → passive voice (o sujeito recebe a ação).
A segunda cláusula: “it inspires” → active voice (o sujeito realiza a ação). B) ✅passive voice and active voice. Primeira cláusula → passive; segunda cláusula → active.C) ❌active voice and active voice.A primeira cláusula está em passive, não active. D) ❌passive voice and passive voice.Apenas a primeira cláusula é passive; a segunda é active.
10. The sentence “Woolf’s novel was revolutionary for its
depiction of same-sex attraction and mental illness, as well as for
its challenge to the novel form and representation of time.” is A) complex. B) compound. C) simple. D) compound-complex. 💡 GABARITO 🄲 ⚖️ DICAS DE OURO:🔹Simple → 1 oração independente.🔹Compound → 2 ou+ independentes.🔹Complex → 1 independente + 1 subordinada.🔹Compound-complex → 2 ou+ independentes + 1 subordinada.The sentence “Woolf’s novel was revolutionary for its depiction of same-sex attraction and mental illness, as well as for its challenge to the novel form and representation of time.” is A) complex.🔎Complex sentence (frase complexa) - Definição: contém uma oração principal e pelo menos uma oração subordinada (dependente).📌 Exemplo: I stayed home because it was raining.(Só existe uma ideia principal: I stayed home. A segunda parte é subordinada, não pode existir sozinha). B) compound.🔎Compound sentence (frase composta por coordenação) - Definição: contém duas ou mais orações independentes, ligadas por conjunção coordenativa (and, but, or, so, for, yet, nor) ou por ponto e vírgula.📌 Exemplo: She wanted to go to the park, but it started to rain.(As duas partes são independentes: She wanted to go to the park / It started to rain). C) ✅simple.🔎Simple sentence (frase simples) - Definição: contém apenas uma oração independente, embora possa ter objetos, complementos e modificadores.📌 Exemplo: The dog barked loudly in the garden.(Apenas um sujeito e um predicado: The dog barked). D) compound-complex.🔎Compound-complex sentence (frase composta-complexa) - Definição: combina duas ou mais orações independentes e pelo menos uma subordinada.📌 Exemplo: I stayed up late, because I was watching a movie, and I forgot to set my alarm.(1ª independente: I stayed up late / 2ª independente: I forgot to set my alarm / oração subordinada: because I was watching a movie).
11. The sentence “Characters pass each other on the street,
muse on a shared past, or witness the same event from different
vantage points and through different filters of personality and
psyche.” is A) compound. B) simple. C) complex. D) compound-complex. 💡 GABARITO 🄰 The sentence 🔹“Characters pass each other on the street, muse on a shared past, or witness the same event from different vantage points and through different filters of personality and psyche.”(As personagens se cruzam na rua, refletem sobre um passado compartilhado ou testemunham o mesmo acontecimento a partir de diferentes pontos de vista e através de distintos filtros de personalidade e psique.)🔎 Expressões importantes🔹pass each other = se cruzar, passar uma pela outra🔹muse on = refletir sobre, meditar a respeito🔹shared past = passado compartilhado🔹witness the same event = testemunhar o mesmo acontecimento🔹different vantage points = diferentes pontos de vista / perspectivas🔹filters of personality and psyche = filtros da personalidade e da psique.📌ANÁLISE DAS QUESTÕES:A) compound.📌Análise: O gabarito (A) compound está correto porque: A frase é formada por orações coordenadas independentes, ligadas por vírgulas e pela conjunção or, ainda que o sujeito seja o mesmo. B) simple. C) complex. D) compound-complex.
12. The sentences “She could write whatever she wanted…” and
“Her metaphor shows that Woolf’s thinking about time also had a
spatial dimension.” contain, respectively, a/an A) subject noun clause and a subject noun clause. B) object noun clause and an object noun clause. C) subject noun clause and an object noun clause. D) object noun clause and a subject noun clause. 💡 GABARITO 🄱 📌ANÁLISE DAS SENTENÇAS:📌 1ª sentença🔹“She could write whatever she wanted…”Estrutura principal: She could write (X).🔹O termo whatever she wanted funciona como objeto direto do verbo “write”.👉 Portanto, temos um object noun clause.📌 2ª sentença🔹“Her metaphor shows that Woolf’s thinking about time also had a spatial dimension.”🔹Estrutura principal: Her metaphor shows (X).🔹O trecho "that Woolf’s thinking about time also had a spatial dimension" é o complemento (objeto) do verbo “shows”.👉 Portanto, também é um object noun clause.📌ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:A) ✅subject noun clause and a subject noun clause. B) ❌object noun clause and an object noun clause. C) ❌subject noun clause and an object noun clause. D) ❌object noun clause and a subject noun clause.
13. The sentence “… I devoured Woolf’s revolutionary 1929 essay
A Room of One’s Own, which criticised the educational, economic
and social constraints ...” contains a/an A) adverb clause. B) non-identifying relative clause. C) subject noun clause. D) identifying relative clause. 💡 GABARITO 🄱 📌ANÁLISE DA SENTENÇA:🔹"[...] I devoured Woolf’s revolutionary 1929 essay A Room of One’s Own, which criticised the educational, economic and social constraints..."🔎 Análise🔹O trecho destacado inicia com which, pronome relativo. Ele acrescenta uma informação extra sobre the essay A Room of One’s Own.🔹Perceba que a oração poderia ser retirada sem prejudicar a identificação do referente (the essay já é claro).🔹Isso é típico de uma "non-identifying relative clause" (ou non-defining relative clause), sempre marcada por vírgula antes do pronome relativo.📌ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:A) ❌adverb clause.(Age como advérbio (causa, tempo, condição etc. + Marcas típicas: because, if, when, although…)📌Adverb Clause (oração adverbial) - é uma oração subordinada que funciona como advérbio, modificando um verbo, adjetivo ou advérbio da oração principal. Normalmente introduzida por when, because, although, if, since, while etc.📘 Exemplo: I stayed home because it was raining.👉 A oração because it was raining explica a causa da ação. B) ✅non-identifying relative clause.(Dá informação extra (não essencial) vírgulas + Marcas típicas: who/which/that)📌Non-identifying Relative Clause (oração relativa explicativa / não restritiva) - adiciona informação extra sobre um substantivo já claro. Sempre aparece entre vírgulas e pode ser retirada sem alterar a identificação do referente.📘 Exemplo: My brother, who lives in Canada, is visiting us next week.👉 A informação entre vírgulas é extra; já sabemos quem é “meu irmão”. C) ❌subject noun clause.(Funciona como sujeito + Marcas típicas: what, that, how)📌Subject Noun Clause (oração substantiva como sujeito) - uma oração subordinada substantiva que funciona como sujeito da oração principal.📘 Exemplo: What she said surprised everyone.👉 A oração What she said é o sujeito de surprised everyone. D) ❌identifying relative clause.(Restringe/identifica o referente + Marcas típicas:that, who, which (sem vírgula)). 📌Identifying Relative Clause (oração relativa restritiva / identificadora) - Especifica ou identifica qual pessoa/coisa está sendo falada. Sem vírgula, pois é essencial para o sentido.📘 Exemplo: The book that I bought yesterday is already on sale.👉 A oração that I bought yesterday identifica qual livro (sem ela, a frase ficaria vaga).
14. The sentences “It follows ordinary people through ordinary
activities on an ordinary day…” and “…she splendidly undoes the
Victorian conception of plot.” contain, respectively, a/an A) indirect object and a direct object. B) direct object and an indirect object. C) direct object and a direct object. D) indirect object and an indirect object. 💡 GABARITO 🄲 📌ANÁLISE DAS SENTENÇAS:🔎1ª sentença:🔹"[...] It follows ordinary people through ordinary activities on an ordinary day."(A obra acompanha pessoas comuns em atividades comuns ao longo de um dia comum.)🔹Verbo principal: follows → Literal: seguir fisicamente → “ir atrás de alguém”. No contexto literário/narrativo: acompanhar, narrar a trajetória de, observar de perto.🔹O que é seguido? → ordinary people👉 "ordinary people" funciona como objeto direto (direct object).(não há objeto indireto, porque não existe “quem recebe algo para/por alguém”)🔎2ª sentença:🔹"[...] she splendidly undoes the Victorian conception of plot.”(Ela desfaz de maneira esplêndida a concepção vitoriana de enredo.)🔹Verbo principal: undoes = desfaz, desmonta, descontrói.🔹O que ela desfaz? → the Victorian conception of plot (a concepção vitoriana de enredo).👉 "the Victorian conception of plot" funciona como objeto direto.📌ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:A) ❌indirect object and a direct object. B) ❌direct object and an indirect object. C) ✅direct object and a direct object. D) ❌indirect object and an indirect object.
15. The sentences “Mrs Dalloway said she would buy the flowers
herself.” and ‘“An intellectual triumph”, proclaimed P.C. Kennedy
in the New Statesman’ are, respectively, examples of A) indirect speech and direct speech. B) direct speech and indirect speech. C) indirect speech and indirect speech. D) direct speech and direct speech. 💡 GABARITO 🄰 📌ANÁLISE DAS SENTENÇAS:🔎1ª sentença:🔹"[...] Mrs Dalloway said she would buy the flowers herself."🔹Estrutura: said + that-clause (she would buy…)🔹Não há aspas; a fala é reportada pelo narrador.👉 É indirect speech (discurso indireto).🔎2ª sentença:🔹"[...] An intellectual triumph”, proclaimed P.C. Kennedy in the New Statesman’🔹A fala “An intellectual triumph” está entre aspas, reproduzindo exatamente as palavras de P.C. Kennedy.👉 É direct speech (discurso direto).📌 DICAS DE OURO:🔹Direct speech → Reproduz as palavras exatas do falante, geralmente entre aspas → “I am happy,” she said.🔹Indirect speech → Reconta o que alguém disse, sem aspas, adaptando pronomes e tempo verbal → She said she was happy.📌ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:A) ✅indirect speech and direct speech. B) ❌direct speech and indirect speech. C) ❌indirect speech and indirect speech. D) ❌direct speech and direct speech.
16. In terms of verb tense, the sentences “Woolf’s ideas have
inspired scores of interpretations,…” and “She is now probably the
most written-about 20th century English author.” are, respectively,
in the A) simple present and simple past. B) present perfect and simple present. C) simple present and present perfect. D) present perfect and present continuous. 💡 GABARITO 🄱 📌ANÁLISE DAS SENTENÇAS:🔎1ª sentença:🔹"[...] Woolf’s ideas have inspired scores of interpretations,..."🔹Verbo: have inspired🔹Estrutura: have + past participle👉 Tempo verbal: present perfect🔎2ª sentença:🔹"[...] She is now probably the most written-about 20th century English author."🔹Verbo: is🔹Estrutura: be + adjetivo (written-about)👉 Tempo verbal: simple present📌ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:A) ❌simple present and simple past. B) ✅present perfect and simple present. C) ❌simple present and present perfect. D) ❌present perfect and present continuous.
17. The sentences “Despite Woolf’s refusal to compromise with
mainstream tastes, Mrs Dalloway was well received.” and “As
Woolf’s characters go about their day, scenes and impressions are
filtered through their individual consciousnesses…” contain,
respectively, a/an A) adverb clause and an object noun clause. B) subject noun clause and an adverb clause. C) adverb clause and an adverb clause. D) object noun clause and an adverb clause. 💡 GABARITO 🄲 📌ANÁLISE DAS SENTENÇAS:🔎1ª sentença:🔹"[...] Despite Woolf’s refusal to compromise with mainstream tastes, Mrs Dalloway was well received."🔹Despite Woolf’s refusal to compromise with mainstream tastes → introduz a condição/oposição à oração principal.🔹Esse tipo de estrutura é uma adverbial clause (adverb clause), porque funciona como advérbio, modificando o verbo principal was well received (indica circunstância: apesar de...).🔹 Portanto, a primeira frase contém uma adverb clause.🔎2ª sentença:🔹"[...] As Woolf’s characters go about their day, scenes and impressions are filtered through their individual consciousnesses."🔹As Woolf’s characters go about their day → introduz quando/como a ação principal acontece.🔹Também funciona como adverb clause, modificando a oração principal scenes and impressions are filtered… (indica tempo).🔹Portanto, a 2ª frase contém uma adverb clause também.📌DICAS DE OURO (Diferença entre Adverb Clause, Noun Clause e Object Clause):1️⃣ Adverb Clause (oração adverbial)🔹Função: modifica verbo, adjetivo ou outra oração, dando informações de tempo, causa, condição, contraste, finalidade, etc.🔹Introduzida por: because, although, if, when, as, since, despite (ou preposições + gerúndio).🔹Exemplo:Although it was raining, we went for a walk. → “Embora estivesse chovendo, fomos caminhar.”🔹Modifica we went for a walk (circunstância: apesar da chuva).2️⃣ Noun Clause (oração substantiva)🔹Função: funciona como substantivo na frase, podendo ser sujeito, objeto direto, objeto indireto ou complemento.🔹Introduzida por: that, whether, if, what, who, whom, how, why🔹Exemplo:🔹What she said surprised me. → “O que ela disse me surpreendeu.”🔹Aqui, What she said é o sujeito da frase.3️⃣ Object Clause (oração objetiva ou objeto)🔹Tipo de noun clause que funciona como objeto direto ou indireto do verbo.🔹Exemplo:🔹I believe that she is honest. → “Acredito que ela é honesta.”🔹that she is honest é o objeto direto do verbo believe.📌ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:A) ❌adverb clause and an object noun clause. B) ❌subject noun clause and an adverb clause. C) ✅adverb clause and an adverb clause. D) ❌object noun clause and an adverb clause.
18. The following -ing words commanding (line 46), focusing (line
57), emerging (line 73), advertising (line 78) and shimmering (line
84) function in the text as A) adjective, verb, noun, noun, verb. B) noun, adjective, verb, noun, adjective. C) verb, adjective, verb, verb, noun. D) adjective, verb, verb, noun, adjective. 💡 GABARITO 🄳 📌Análise de cada palavra com base no seu uso no texto:1️⃣ commanding (line 46)🔹Ex.: “a commanding presence”🔹Modifica o substantivo → adjective ✅2️⃣ focusing (line 57)🔹Ex.: “focusing on the reader”🔹Forma verbal em -ing funcionando como verbo no presente contínuo → verb ✅3️⃣ emerging (line 73)🔹Ex.: “emerging from the shadows”🔹Verbo no presente contínuo → verb ✅4️⃣ advertising (line 78)🔹Ex.: “the world of advertising”🔹Funciona como substantivo (o ato/indústria de anunciar) → noun ✅5️⃣ shimmering (line 84)🔹Ex.: “shimmering lights”🔹Modifica substantivo → adjective ✅🔹Conclusão - A sequência correta é: adjective, verb, verb, noun, adjective📌ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:A) ❌adjective, verb, noun, noun, verb. B) ❌noun, adjective, verb, noun, adjective. C) ❌verb, adjective, verb, verb, noun. D) ✅adjective, verb, verb, noun, adjective.
19. In the sentences “In A Writer’s Diary, she describes her
process as both exploratory and technical.” and “…all appeared in
the three years between 1998 and 2000, all of them reflecting
Woolf’s legacy, tacitly or explicitly.”, the ‘s in Writer’s and in
Woolf’s represents, respectively, the A) genitive case and the genitive case. B) abbreviation of “is” and the genitive case. C) genitive case and the abbreviation of “is”. D) abbreviation of “is” and the abbreviation of “is”. 💡 GABARITO 🄰 📌ANÁLISE:1️⃣ Writer’s (In A Writer’s Diary)🔹Aqui, o ’s indica posse: o diário de uma escritora (a writer’s diary).🔹Portanto, é genitive case ✅2️⃣ Woolf’s (all of them reflecting Woolf’s legacy)🔹Aqui, o ’s também indica posse: o legado de Woolf (Woolf’s legacy).🔹Portanto, também é genitive case ✅ A) ✅genitive case and the genitive case. B) ❌abbreviation of “is” and the genitive case. C) ❌genitive case and the abbreviation of “is”. D) ❌abbreviation of “is” and the abbreviation of “is”. 📌DICAS DE OURO:1️⃣ Genitive case (‘s de posse)Função: indica posse ou pertencimento.Estrutura: [possuidor] + ’s + [coisa possuída]Exemplos:John’s book → “o livro do John”The cat’s tail → “o rabo do gato”A writer’s diary → “o diário de uma escritora”Dica: Pergunte “de quem é?” → se responder com “de X”, é genitive case.2️⃣ Abreviação de “is” (‘s = is)Função: contração do verbo “is” ou “has” (quando usado com o present perfect).Estrutura: [sujeito] + ’s + [complemento]Exemplos:He’s happy → “Ele está feliz” (he is happy)She’s gone to the store → “Ela foi à loja” (she has gone to the store)
20. In the text extract “The Hours revises Mrs Dalloway through
the stories of three women: Virginia Woolf herself; Laura Brown, a
1950s housewife who reads Mrs Dalloway ....”, the verbs are in the A) simple past. B) simple present. C) present perfect. D) past perfect.💡 GABARITO 🄱 📌ANÁLISE DA SENTENÇA:“The Hours revises Mrs Dalloway through the stories of three women: Virginia Woolf herself; Laura Brown, a 1950s housewife who reads Mrs Dalloway ….”1️⃣ Identificando os verbos🔹revises → do verbo revise🔹reads → do verbo read2️⃣ Tempo verbalAmbos os verbos estão no simple present:🔹revises → terceira pessoa do singular, presente🔹reads → terceira pessoa do singular, presente.📌DICAS DE OURO:O simple present é usado aqui porque o texto faz uma afirmação geral ou análise literária, típica de resenhas ou críticas, mesmo que se refira a obras passadas.📌ANÁLISE DAS SENTENÇAS:A) ❌simple past. B) ✅simple present. C) ❌present perfect. D) ❌past perfect.
❑ TEXTO:
Seize the day – Virginia Woolf’s Mrs Dalloway at 100
(Aproveite o dia – Mrs Dalloway, de Virginia Woolf, aos 100 anos.)
📘 Expressões relevantes:
🔹"Seize the day” é uma tradução direta do latim “Carpe diem”, famosa expressão de Horácio.
👉 Sentido: aproveitar o presente ao máximo, viver intensamente o momento, não deixar as oportunidades passarem. "Aproveite o dia" - A mais comum, equivalente direta e natural." Aproveite o momento". Dá ênfase ao presente, sem mencionar literalmente “dia”. "Viva o hoje". Mais poética e breve, transmite urgência de viver o presente. "Não deixe o dia passar". Enfatiza a ideia de não desperdiçar tempo."Viva o agora". Uma versão mais moderna e motivacional.
🔹"Seize" = agarrar, tomar posse com firmeza, capturar.
🔹"Mrs Dalloway" é um dos romances mais importantes de Virginia Woolf, publicado em 1925, e considerado um marco da literatura modernista.
Mrs Dalloway is explicitly quotidian. It follows
ordinary people through ordinary activities on an
ordinary day – shopping, walking in the park, riding the
bus, going to appointments, mending a dress.
As Woolf’s
characters go about their day, scenes and impressions are
filtered through their individual consciousnesses,
threaded together with language, images and memories.
The novel opens with the famous line “Mrs
Dalloway said she would buy the flowers herself”, a
sentence remarkable for its banality, as well as for its
commitment to the in medias res plunge into life that
Woolf was so keen on.
The iconic status of the line is
demonstrated by the number of online parodies it
inspires, perhaps only surpassed by William Carlos
Williams’s poem This Is Just To Say, which has become a
verified meme.
On Good Friday 1924, Woolf wrote on a page of
the manuscript she was drafting – then called The Hours
– that “I will write whatever I want to write.”
She could
write whatever she wanted to write because she owned
her own publishing house, The Hogarth Press.
The actual
press was in the basement of her suburban Richmond
home.
Mrs Dalloway was the second of Woolf’s novels to
be self-published in this way.
Being a small-press
publisher allowed her to experiment formally in ways that
would have been impossible if she was working with a
mainstream publisher.
In A Writer’s Diary, she describes
her process as both exploratory and technical.
On August
30, 1923, she wrote: “I dig out beautiful caves behind my
characters”.
Later, in October 1924: “I practise writing; do
my scales”.
Despite Woolf’s refusal to compromise with
mainstream tastes, Mrs Dalloway was well received.
Her
contemporaries recognised the novel’s importance
immediately.
“An intellectual triumph”, proclaimed P.C.
Kennedy in the New Statesman; “a cathedral”,
pronounced E.M. Forster in the New Criterion.
It sold
moderately well: 1,500 copies within about a month of its
publication on May 14 – more than her prior novel,
Jacob’s Room, had sold in a year.
Woolf’s novel was revolutionary for its depiction of
same-sex attraction and mental illness, as well as for its
challenge to the novel form and representation of time.
Septimus, so capable as a soldier in the Great War, buries
the trauma of seeing his commanding officer Evans killed,
only to have it resurface in visual and aural hallucinations,
of Evans behind the trees, and birds singing in Greek.
He
perceives, as Clarissa does, the burden of the past upon
the present, and he suffers as a result of the coercion of
the social system.
“In this book I have almost too many ideas,” Woolf
wrote in her diary on June 19, 1923.
“I want to give life
and death, sanity and insanity; I want to criticise the
social system, and to show it at work, at its most
intense.”
Woolf’s ideas have inspired scores of
interpretations, focusing on time, space, reality,
psychology, domesticity, history, sexual relations, politics,
fashion, the environment, health and illness.
She is now
probably the most written-about 20th century English
author.
I can remember vividly first reading this novel as
an undergraduate, after which I devoured Woolf’s
revolutionary 1929 essay A Room of One’s Own, which
criticised the educational, economic and social
constraints that prevented women, in many instances,
from writing anything at all.
Woolf, of course, could and did write.
This was a
function, as she knew, of her financial and class privilege.
In her fiction, she modelled a method of writing that
critiques patriarchal thinking.
She focuses our attention
on overlooked individuals and their inner lives, and she
splendidly undoes the Victorian conception of plot.
Woolf
writes of the past emerging into the present day and the
present’s capacity to reshape the past.
In her diary, she
called this her “tunnelling process”.
In tunnelling through
narrative, Woolf flung out a lot of what seems to be dust
– buying flowers, ogling girls, table manners and weight
gain, advertising, letter writing, doctor’s appointments,
eating eclairs in a department store cafe.
The novel
reminds us of these moments’ triviality, and their
significance, through repeated reference to the bells and
clocks of London striking the hour.
This is why the opening line – and the novel as a
whole – is so remarkable.
It catches drops of shimmering reality from moments that can so easily go unremarked.
This, Woolf knew, was what writing needed to do: to stop
time.
Her metaphor shows that Woolf’s thinking about
time also had a spatial dimension.
These two dimensions
of space and time structure Mrs Dalloway’s theme and
method, As David Daiches explained in his 1939 book The
Novel and the Modern World, Woolf first links a series of
different perspectives through a single shared moment in
time – marked by the sound of the bells – then switches
to an individual perspective, anchored in space, and
moves through that individual’s memories.
Since its publication, Mrs Dalloway has continued
to inspire.
Since the 1970s, she has enjoyed an
unparalleled position in the history of 20th century
letters.
Michael Cunningham’s The Hours, Robin
Lippincott’s Mr Dalloway and John Lanchester’s Mr
Phillips all appeared in the three years between 1998 and
2000, all of them reflecting Woolf’s legacy, tacitly or
explicitly.
Because of the Oscar-winning film adaptation
by Stephen Daldry, Cunningham’s novel is the most
recognisable of these three.
The Hours revises Mrs
Dalloway through the stories of three women: Virginia
Woolf herself; Laura Brown, a 1950s housewife who
reads Mrs Dalloway; and Clarissa Vaughan, nicknamed
Mrs Dalloway by her former lover Richard, for whom she
throws a literary party.
Mrs Dalloway shows us the ways that words can
both connect and sever.
Characters pass each other on
the street, muse on a shared past, or witness the same
event from different vantage points and through different
filters of personality and psyche.
As Hermione Lee
explained, for Woolf “the really important life was
‘within’”.
🔗Adapted from: https://theconversation/jan.30.2025
01. In her work “A writer’s Diary”, Virginia Woolf, describing her
writing process, said that it was
A) directly connected to her great imagination.
B) inspired by her childhood memories.
C) not only dramatic, but also romantic.
D) not only technical, but also exploratory.
💡 GABARITO 🄳
In her work “A writer’s Diary”, Virginia Woolf, describing her writing process, said that it was
A) ❌directly connected to her great imagination.
📌Análise: Não há no texto referência direta à imaginação como base do processo de escrita. O texto não fala em imaginação, mas em técnica e exploração.
B) ❌inspired by her childhood memories.
📌Análise: Não há qualquer menção a memórias de infância ligadas ao processo descrito.
C) ❌not only dramatic, but also romantic.
📌Análise: Não aparece nada sobre drama ou romantismo
D) ✅not only technical, but also exploratory.
Trecho direto:
📌Análise: Correta, exatamente o que o texto afirma.
🔹"[...] In A Writer’s Diary, she describes her process as both exploratory and technical.”
02. As to “Mrs. Dalloway”, among other things, the article states
that it was
A) filled with remarkable sentences.
B) written in the basement of an old suburban home.
C) considered an intellectual triumph.
D) packed with extraordinary people in their daily routine.
💡 GABARITO 🄲
As to “Mrs. Dalloway”, among other things, the article states that it was
Quanto à “Mrs. Dalloway”, entre outras coisas, o artigo refere que foi
A) ❌filled with remarkable sentences.
cheio de frases notáveis.
📌Análise: O texto destaca explicitamente que a obra contém frase marcante, mas não diz necessariamente está cheio de frases notáveis.
🔹"[...] The novel opens with the famous line ‘Mrs Dalloway said she would buy the flowers herself’, a sentence remarkable for its banality, as well as for its commitment to the in medias res plunge into life...”
B) ❌written in the basement of an old suburban home.
📌Análise: O que ficava no porão era a editora (a prensa), não o romance em si.
🔹"[...] She could write whatever she wanted to write because she owned her own publishing house, The Hogarth Press. The actual press was in the basement of her suburban Richmond home.”
C) ✅considered an intellectual triumph.
📌Análise: O romance foi, de fato, elogiado e considerado um triunfo intelectual.
🔹"[...] ‘An intellectual triumph’, proclaimed P.C. Kennedy in the New Statesman...”
D) ❌packed with extraordinary people in their daily routine.
📌Análise: O texto reforça que o foco está em pessoas comuns em atividades banais, não extraordinárias.
🔹"[...] Mrs Dalloway is explicitly quotidian. It follows ordinary people through ordinary activities on an ordinary day – shopping, walking in the park...”
03. The opening sentence of the novel is considered
A) a remarkable one due to its banality.
B) a kind of message about her characters.
C) a popular meme in Great Britain.
D) superior to a poem by William Carlos Williams.
💡 GABARITO 🄰
The opening sentence of the novel is considered
A frase inicial do romance é considerada
A) ✅a remarkable one due to its banality.
📌Análise: Correta. O texto afirma explicitamente que a frase é remarkable for its banality.
🔹"[...] The novel opens with the famous line ‘Mrs Dalloway said she would buy the flowers herself’, a sentence remarkable for its banality…”
B) ❌a kind of message about her characters.
“Uma espécie de mensagem sobre suas personagens.”
📌Análise: Não há no texto indicação de que a frase tenha sido criada como mensagem ou símbolo sobre as personagens
C) ❌a popular meme in Great Britain.
📌Análise: Incorreta. É popular na internet por paródias, mas não especificamente como “meme britânico”.
🔹"[...] The iconic status of the line is demonstrated by the number of online parodies it inspires, perhaps only surpassed by William Carlos Williams’s poem…”
D) ❌superior to a poem by William Carlos Williams.
📌Análise: Incorreta. O texto diz o contrário: o poema é mais popular em termos de paródias.
🔹"[...] perhaps only surpassed by William Carlos Williams’s poem This Is Just To Say, which has become a verified meme."
04. Among the many positive aspects of “Mrs. Dalloway”, the
text mentions the way the author
A) focuses on rural characters and their personality.
B) undoes the Victorian concept of plot.
C) describes the 1950’s routine of housewives.
D) highlights the soldiers’ traumas in the Vietnam War.
💡 GABARITO 🄱
Among the many positive aspects of “Mrs. Dalloway”, the text mentions the way the author
A) ❌focuses on rural characters and their personality.
Não há menção a personagens rurais; o foco é em pessoas comuns na cidade de Londres.
B) ✅undoes the Victorian concept of plot.
Correta. O texto afirma explicitamente que Woolf desfaz a concepção vitoriana de trama.
🔹"[...] In her fiction, she modelled a method of writing that critiques patriarchal thinking. She focuses our attention on overlooked individuals and their inner lives, and she splendidly undoes the Victorian conception of plot."
C) ❌describes the 1950’s routine of housewives.
O texto menciona Laura Brown como personagem de The Hours, que vive nos anos 50, mas não como foco positivo de Mrs. Dalloway.
D) ❌highlights the soldiers’ traumas in the Vietnam War.
O texto fala sobre traumas da Primeira Guerra Mundial, não da Guerra do Vietnã: “Septimus, so capable as a soldier in the Great War, buries the trauma…”
05. “Mrs. Dalloway” is considered a revolutionary novel for many
reasons. The text mentions the way that it
A) criticized the English educational system.
B) challenged the novel form and the representation of
time.
C) emphasized the importance of financial and class
privilege.
D) described London’s bells and bridges.
💡 GABARITO 🄱
“Mrs. Dalloway” is considered a revolutionary novel for many reasons. The text mentions the way that it
A) ❌criticized the English educational system.
O texto menciona A Room of One’s Own criticando restrições educacionais, econômicas e sociais para mulheres, mas não Mrs Dalloway especificamente.
B) ✅challenged the novel form and the representation of time.
Correta. O texto afirma explicitamente que o romance é revolucionário por desafiar a forma do romance e a representação do tempo.
“Woolf’s novel was revolutionary for its depiction of same-sex attraction and mental illness, as well as for its challenge to the novel form and representation of time.”
C) ❌emphasized the importance of financial and class privilege.
O texto apenas menciona que Woolf podia escrever graças a privilégios de classe e financeiros, mas não que o romance enfatizasse isso como tema.
D) ❌described London’s bells and bridges.
O texto menciona os sinos e relógios de Londres para marcar o tempo e o cotidiano: “The novel reminds us of these moments’ triviality… through repeated reference to the bells and clocks of London…”, mas isso é parte da técnica narrativa, não o motivo de ser revolucionário.
06. Woolf was critical of the many constraints that prevented
women from
A) finding a decent job.
B) pursuing their dreams.
C) being able to write at all.
D) adapting to the social system.
💡 GABARITO 🄲
Woolf was critical of the many constraints that prevented women from
A) finding a decent job.
O texto menciona restrições educacionais, econômicas e sociais para mulheres, mas não fala especificamente sobre empregos.
B) pursuing their dreams.
O texto indica limitações, mas o foco é mais específico na escrita, não em sonhos em geral.
C) being able to write at all.
Correta. O texto afirma explicitamente que essas restrições impediam mulheres de escrever.
“Woolf’s revolutionary 1929 essay A Room of One’s Own, which criticised the educational, economic and social constraints that prevented women, in many instances, from writing anything at all.”
D) adapting to the social system.
O texto não sugere que o problema fosse adaptação, mas barreiras estruturais à escrita.
07. According to the text, Virginia Woolf could write whatever
she wanted because she
A) was smart enough.
B) started writing in her teens.
C) had a publishing house.
D) had a major in English Literature.
💡 GABARITO 🄲
According to the text, Virginia Woolf could write whatever she wanted because she
A) ❌was smart enough.
O texto não menciona inteligência como motivo da liberdade de escrita.
B) ❌started writing in her teens.
O texto não indica que sua liberdade de escrever veio do início da adolescência.
C) ✅had a publishing house.
Correta. O texto explica claramente que sua autonomia se devia a possuir sua própria editora.
“She could write whatever she wanted to write because she owned her own publishing house, The Hogarth Press.”
D) ❌had a major in English Literature.
O texto não menciona formação acadêmica como razão.
08. The text states that since its publication, the novel “Mrs.
Dalloway” has been very influential and mentions some works that
it has inspired, including Michael Cunningham’s novel “The Hours”,
which has been adapted into a/an
A) popular graphic novel.
B) Japanese manga edition.
C) Oscar-winning film.
D) Broadway musical.
💡 GABARITO 🄲
The text states that since its publication, the novel “Mrs. Dalloway” has been very influential and mentions some works that it has inspired, including Michael Cunningham’s novel “The Hours”, which has been adapted into a/an
A) ❌popular graphic novel.
O texto não menciona nenhuma adaptação em graphic novel.
B) ❌Japanese manga edition.
Nenhuma referência a mangá japonês aparece no texto.
C) ✅Oscar-winning film.
Correta. O texto menciona explicitamente a adaptação cinematográfica premiada com Oscar.
“Because of the Oscar-winning film adaptation by Stephen Daldry, Cunningham’s novel is the most recognisable of these three.”
D) ❌Broadway musical.
O texto não fala sobre nenhuma versão musical.
09. The sentence “The iconic status of the line is demonstrated
by the number of online parodies it inspires…” contains clauses
that are, respectively, in
A) active voice and passive voice.
B) passive voice and active voice.
C) active voice and active voice.
D) passive voice and passive voice.
💡 GABARITO 🄱
The sentence “The iconic status of the line is demonstrated by the number of online parodies it inspires…” contains clauses that are, respectively, in
A) ❌active voice and passive voice.
Incorreta, ordem invertida.
A primeira cláusula: “The iconic status of the line is demonstrated” → passive voice (o sujeito recebe a ação). A segunda cláusula: “it inspires” → active voice (o sujeito realiza a ação).
B) ✅passive voice and active voice.
Primeira cláusula → passive; segunda cláusula → active.
C) ❌active voice and active voice.
A primeira cláusula está em passive, não active.
D) ❌passive voice and passive voice.
Apenas a primeira cláusula é passive; a segunda é active.
10. The sentence “Woolf’s novel was revolutionary for its
depiction of same-sex attraction and mental illness, as well as for
its challenge to the novel form and representation of time.” is
A) complex.
B) compound.
C) simple.
D) compound-complex.
💡 GABARITO 🄲
⚖️ DICAS DE OURO:
🔹Simple → 1 oração independente.
🔹Compound → 2 ou+ independentes.
🔹Complex → 1 independente + 1 subordinada.
🔹Compound-complex → 2 ou+ independentes + 1 subordinada.
The sentence “Woolf’s novel was revolutionary for its depiction of same-sex attraction and mental illness, as well as for its challenge to the novel form and representation of time.” is
A) complex.
🔎Complex sentence (frase complexa) - Definição: contém uma oração principal e pelo menos uma oração subordinada (dependente).
📌 Exemplo: I stayed home because it was raining.
(Só existe uma ideia principal: I stayed home. A segunda parte é subordinada, não pode existir sozinha).
B) compound.
🔎Compound sentence (frase composta por coordenação) - Definição: contém duas ou mais orações independentes, ligadas por conjunção coordenativa (and, but, or, so, for, yet, nor) ou por ponto e vírgula.
📌 Exemplo: She wanted to go to the park, but it started to rain.
(As duas partes são independentes: She wanted to go to the park / It started to rain).
C) ✅simple.
🔎Simple sentence (frase simples) - Definição: contém apenas uma oração independente, embora possa ter objetos, complementos e modificadores.
📌 Exemplo: The dog barked loudly in the garden.
(Apenas um sujeito e um predicado: The dog barked).
D) compound-complex.
🔎Compound-complex sentence (frase composta-complexa) - Definição: combina duas ou mais orações independentes e pelo menos uma subordinada.
📌 Exemplo: I stayed up late, because I was watching a movie, and I forgot to set my alarm.
(1ª independente: I stayed up late / 2ª independente: I forgot to set my alarm / oração subordinada: because I was watching a movie).
11. The sentence “Characters pass each other on the street,
muse on a shared past, or witness the same event from different
vantage points and through different filters of personality and
psyche.” is
A) compound.
B) simple.
C) complex.
D) compound-complex.
💡 GABARITO 🄰
The sentence
🔹“Characters pass each other on the street, muse on a shared past, or witness the same event from different vantage points and through different filters of personality and psyche.”(As personagens se cruzam na rua, refletem sobre um passado compartilhado ou testemunham o mesmo acontecimento a partir de diferentes pontos de vista e através de distintos filtros de personalidade e psique.)
🔎 Expressões importantes
🔹pass each other = se cruzar, passar uma pela outra
🔹muse on = refletir sobre, meditar a respeito
🔹shared past = passado compartilhado
🔹witness the same event = testemunhar o mesmo acontecimento
🔹different vantage points = diferentes pontos de vista / perspectivas
🔹filters of personality and psyche = filtros da personalidade e da psique.
📌ANÁLISE DAS QUESTÕES:
A) compound.
📌Análise: O gabarito (A) compound está correto porque: A frase é formada por orações coordenadas independentes, ligadas por vírgulas e pela conjunção or, ainda que o sujeito seja o mesmo.
B) simple.
C) complex.
D) compound-complex.
12. The sentences “She could write whatever she wanted…” and
“Her metaphor shows that Woolf’s thinking about time also had a
spatial dimension.” contain, respectively, a/an
A) subject noun clause and a subject noun clause.
B) object noun clause and an object noun clause.
C) subject noun clause and an object noun clause.
D) object noun clause and a subject noun clause.
💡 GABARITO 🄱
📌ANÁLISE DAS SENTENÇAS:
📌 1ª sentença
🔹“She could write whatever she wanted…”
Estrutura principal: She could write (X).
🔹O termo whatever she wanted funciona como objeto direto do verbo “write”.
👉 Portanto, temos um object noun clause.
📌 2ª sentença
🔹“Her metaphor shows that Woolf’s thinking about time also had a spatial dimension.”
🔹Estrutura principal: Her metaphor shows (X).
🔹O trecho "that Woolf’s thinking about time also had a spatial dimension" é o complemento (objeto) do verbo “shows”.
👉 Portanto, também é um object noun clause.
📌ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:
A) ✅subject noun clause and a subject noun clause.
B) ❌object noun clause and an object noun clause.
C) ❌subject noun clause and an object noun clause.
D) ❌object noun clause and a subject noun clause.
13. The sentence “… I devoured Woolf’s revolutionary 1929 essay
A Room of One’s Own, which criticised the educational, economic
and social constraints ...” contains a/an
A) adverb clause.
B) non-identifying relative clause.
C) subject noun clause.
D) identifying relative clause.
💡 GABARITO 🄱
📌ANÁLISE DA SENTENÇA:
🔹"[...] I devoured Woolf’s revolutionary 1929 essay A Room of One’s Own, which criticised the educational, economic and social constraints..."
🔎 Análise
🔹O trecho destacado inicia com which, pronome relativo. Ele acrescenta uma informação extra sobre the essay A Room of One’s Own.
🔹Perceba que a oração poderia ser retirada sem prejudicar a identificação do referente (the essay já é claro).
🔹Isso é típico de uma "non-identifying relative clause" (ou non-defining relative clause), sempre marcada por vírgula antes do pronome relativo.
📌ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:
A) ❌adverb clause.(Age como advérbio (causa, tempo, condição etc. + Marcas típicas: because, if, when, although…)
📌Adverb Clause (oração adverbial) - é uma oração subordinada que funciona como advérbio, modificando um verbo, adjetivo ou advérbio da oração principal. Normalmente introduzida por when, because, although, if, since, while etc.
📘 Exemplo: I stayed home because it was raining.
👉 A oração because it was raining explica a causa da ação.
B) ✅non-identifying relative clause.(Dá informação extra (não essencial) vírgulas + Marcas típicas: who/which/that)
📌Non-identifying Relative Clause (oração relativa explicativa / não restritiva) - adiciona informação extra sobre um substantivo já claro. Sempre aparece entre vírgulas e pode ser retirada sem alterar a identificação do referente.
📘 Exemplo: My brother, who lives in Canada, is visiting us next week.
👉 A informação entre vírgulas é extra; já sabemos quem é “meu irmão”.
C) ❌subject noun clause.(Funciona como sujeito + Marcas típicas: what, that, how)
📌Subject Noun Clause (oração substantiva como sujeito) - uma oração subordinada substantiva que funciona como sujeito da oração principal.
📘 Exemplo: What she said surprised everyone.
👉 A oração What she said é o sujeito de surprised everyone.
D) ❌identifying relative clause.(Restringe/identifica o referente + Marcas típicas:
that, who, which (sem vírgula)).
📌Identifying Relative Clause (oração relativa restritiva / identificadora) - Especifica ou identifica qual pessoa/coisa está sendo falada. Sem vírgula, pois é essencial para o sentido.
📘 Exemplo: The book that I bought yesterday is already on sale.
👉 A oração that I bought yesterday identifica qual livro (sem ela, a frase ficaria vaga).
14. The sentences “It follows ordinary people through ordinary
activities on an ordinary day…” and “…she splendidly undoes the
Victorian conception of plot.” contain, respectively, a/an
A) indirect object and a direct object.
B) direct object and an indirect object.
C) direct object and a direct object.
D) indirect object and an indirect object.
💡 GABARITO 🄲
📌ANÁLISE DAS SENTENÇAS:
🔎1ª sentença:
🔹"[...] It follows ordinary people through ordinary activities on an ordinary day."(A obra acompanha pessoas comuns em atividades comuns ao longo de um dia comum.)
🔹Verbo principal: follows → Literal: seguir fisicamente → “ir atrás de alguém”. No contexto literário/narrativo: acompanhar, narrar a trajetória de, observar de perto.
🔹O que é seguido? → ordinary people
👉 "ordinary people" funciona como objeto direto (direct object).
(não há objeto indireto, porque não existe “quem recebe algo para/por alguém”)
🔎2ª sentença:
🔹"[...] she splendidly undoes the Victorian conception of plot.”(Ela desfaz de maneira esplêndida a concepção vitoriana de enredo.)
🔹Verbo principal: undoes = desfaz, desmonta, descontrói.
🔹O que ela desfaz? → the Victorian conception of plot (a concepção vitoriana de enredo).
👉 "the Victorian conception of plot" funciona como objeto direto.
📌ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:
A) ❌indirect object and a direct object.
B) ❌direct object and an indirect object.
C) ✅direct object and a direct object.
D) ❌indirect object and an indirect object.
15. The sentences “Mrs Dalloway said she would buy the flowers
herself.” and ‘“An intellectual triumph”, proclaimed P.C. Kennedy
in the New Statesman’ are, respectively, examples of
A) indirect speech and direct speech.
B) direct speech and indirect speech.
C) indirect speech and indirect speech.
D) direct speech and direct speech.
💡 GABARITO 🄰
📌ANÁLISE DAS SENTENÇAS:
🔎1ª sentença:
🔹"[...] Mrs Dalloway said she would buy the flowers herself."
🔹Estrutura: said + that-clause (she would buy…)
🔹Não há aspas; a fala é reportada pelo narrador.
👉 É indirect speech (discurso indireto).
🔎2ª sentença:
🔹"[...] An intellectual triumph”, proclaimed P.C. Kennedy in the New Statesman’
🔹A fala “An intellectual triumph” está entre aspas, reproduzindo exatamente as palavras de P.C. Kennedy.
👉 É direct speech (discurso direto).
📌 DICAS DE OURO:
🔹Direct speech → Reproduz as palavras exatas do falante, geralmente entre aspas → “I am happy,” she said.
🔹Indirect speech → Reconta o que alguém disse, sem aspas, adaptando pronomes e tempo verbal → She said she was happy.
📌ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:
A) ✅indirect speech and direct speech.
B) ❌direct speech and indirect speech.
C) ❌indirect speech and indirect speech.
D) ❌direct speech and direct speech.
16. In terms of verb tense, the sentences “Woolf’s ideas have
inspired scores of interpretations,…” and “She is now probably the
most written-about 20th century English author.” are, respectively,
in the
A) simple present and simple past.
B) present perfect and simple present.
C) simple present and present perfect.
D) present perfect and present continuous.
💡 GABARITO 🄱
📌ANÁLISE DAS SENTENÇAS:
🔎1ª sentença:
🔹"[...] Woolf’s ideas have inspired scores of interpretations,..."
🔹Verbo: have inspired
🔹Estrutura: have + past participle
👉 Tempo verbal: present perfect
🔎2ª sentença:
🔹"[...] She is now probably the most written-about 20th century English author."
🔹Verbo: is
🔹Estrutura: be + adjetivo (written-about)
👉 Tempo verbal: simple present
📌ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:
A) ❌simple present and simple past.
B) ✅present perfect and simple present.
C) ❌simple present and present perfect.
D) ❌present perfect and present continuous.
17. The sentences “Despite Woolf’s refusal to compromise with
mainstream tastes, Mrs Dalloway was well received.” and “As
Woolf’s characters go about their day, scenes and impressions are
filtered through their individual consciousnesses…” contain,
respectively, a/an
A) adverb clause and an object noun clause.
B) subject noun clause and an adverb clause.
C) adverb clause and an adverb clause.
D) object noun clause and an adverb clause.
💡 GABARITO 🄲
📌ANÁLISE DAS SENTENÇAS:
🔎1ª sentença:
🔹"[...] Despite Woolf’s refusal to compromise with mainstream tastes, Mrs Dalloway was well received."
🔹Despite Woolf’s refusal to compromise with mainstream tastes → introduz a condição/oposição à oração principal.
🔹Esse tipo de estrutura é uma adverbial clause (adverb clause), porque funciona como advérbio, modificando o verbo principal was well received (indica circunstância: apesar de...).
🔹 Portanto, a primeira frase contém uma adverb clause.
🔎2ª sentença:
🔹"[...] As Woolf’s characters go about their day, scenes and impressions are filtered through their individual consciousnesses."
🔹As Woolf’s characters go about their day → introduz quando/como a ação principal acontece.
🔹Também funciona como adverb clause, modificando a oração principal scenes and impressions are filtered… (indica tempo).
🔹Portanto, a 2ª frase contém uma adverb clause também.
📌DICAS DE OURO (Diferença entre Adverb Clause, Noun Clause e Object Clause):
1️⃣ Adverb Clause (oração adverbial)
🔹Função: modifica verbo, adjetivo ou outra oração, dando informações de tempo, causa, condição, contraste, finalidade, etc.
🔹Introduzida por: because, although, if, when, as, since, despite (ou preposições + gerúndio).
🔹Exemplo:
Although it was raining, we went for a walk. → “Embora estivesse chovendo, fomos caminhar.”
🔹Modifica we went for a walk (circunstância: apesar da chuva).
2️⃣ Noun Clause (oração substantiva)
🔹Função: funciona como substantivo na frase, podendo ser sujeito, objeto direto, objeto indireto ou complemento.
🔹Introduzida por: that, whether, if, what, who, whom, how, why
🔹Exemplo:
🔹What she said surprised me. → “O que ela disse me surpreendeu.”
🔹Aqui, What she said é o sujeito da frase.
3️⃣ Object Clause (oração objetiva ou objeto)
🔹Tipo de noun clause que funciona como objeto direto ou indireto do verbo.
🔹Exemplo:
🔹I believe that she is honest. → “Acredito que ela é honesta.”
🔹that she is honest é o objeto direto do verbo believe.
📌ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:
A) ❌adverb clause and an object noun clause.
B) ❌subject noun clause and an adverb clause.
C) ✅adverb clause and an adverb clause.
D) ❌object noun clause and an adverb clause.
18. The following -ing words commanding (line 46), focusing (line
57), emerging (line 73), advertising (line 78) and shimmering (line
84) function in the text as
A) adjective, verb, noun, noun, verb.
B) noun, adjective, verb, noun, adjective.
C) verb, adjective, verb, verb, noun.
D) adjective, verb, verb, noun, adjective.
💡 GABARITO 🄳
📌Análise de cada palavra com base no seu uso no texto:
1️⃣ commanding (line 46)
🔹Ex.: “a commanding presence”
🔹Modifica o substantivo → adjective ✅
2️⃣ focusing (line 57)
🔹Ex.: “focusing on the reader”
🔹Forma verbal em -ing funcionando como verbo no presente contínuo → verb ✅
3️⃣ emerging (line 73)
🔹Ex.: “emerging from the shadows”
🔹Verbo no presente contínuo → verb ✅
4️⃣ advertising (line 78)
🔹Ex.: “the world of advertising”
🔹Funciona como substantivo (o ato/indústria de anunciar) → noun ✅
5️⃣ shimmering (line 84)
🔹Ex.: “shimmering lights”
🔹Modifica substantivo → adjective ✅
🔹Conclusão - A sequência correta é: adjective, verb, verb, noun, adjective
📌ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:
A) ❌adjective, verb, noun, noun, verb.
B) ❌noun, adjective, verb, noun, adjective.
C) ❌verb, adjective, verb, verb, noun.
D) ✅adjective, verb, verb, noun, adjective.
19. In the sentences “In A Writer’s Diary, she describes her
process as both exploratory and technical.” and “…all appeared in
the three years between 1998 and 2000, all of them reflecting
Woolf’s legacy, tacitly or explicitly.”, the ‘s in Writer’s and in
Woolf’s represents, respectively, the
A) genitive case and the genitive case.
B) abbreviation of “is” and the genitive case.
C) genitive case and the abbreviation of “is”.
D) abbreviation of “is” and the abbreviation of “is”.
💡 GABARITO 🄰
📌ANÁLISE:
1️⃣ Writer’s (In A Writer’s Diary)
🔹Aqui, o ’s indica posse: o diário de uma escritora (a writer’s diary).
🔹Portanto, é genitive case ✅
2️⃣ Woolf’s (all of them reflecting Woolf’s legacy)
🔹Aqui, o ’s também indica posse: o legado de Woolf (Woolf’s legacy).
🔹Portanto, também é genitive case ✅
A) ✅genitive case and the genitive case.
B) ❌abbreviation of “is” and the genitive case.
C) ❌genitive case and the abbreviation of “is”.
D) ❌abbreviation of “is” and the abbreviation of “is”.
📌DICAS DE OURO:
1️⃣ Genitive case (‘s de posse)
Função: indica posse ou pertencimento.
Estrutura: [possuidor] + ’s + [coisa possuída]
Exemplos:
John’s book → “o livro do John”
The cat’s tail → “o rabo do gato”
A writer’s diary → “o diário de uma escritora”
Dica: Pergunte “de quem é?” → se responder com “de X”, é genitive case.
2️⃣ Abreviação de “is” (‘s = is)
Função: contração do verbo “is” ou “has” (quando usado com o present perfect).
Estrutura: [sujeito] + ’s + [complemento]
Exemplos:
He’s happy → “Ele está feliz” (he is happy)
She’s gone to the store → “Ela foi à loja” (she has gone to the store)
20. In the text extract “The Hours revises Mrs Dalloway through
the stories of three women: Virginia Woolf herself; Laura Brown, a
1950s housewife who reads Mrs Dalloway ....”, the verbs are in the
A) simple past.
B) simple present.
C) present perfect.
D) past perfect.
💡 GABARITO 🄱
📌ANÁLISE DA SENTENÇA:
“The Hours revises Mrs Dalloway through the stories of three women: Virginia Woolf herself; Laura Brown, a 1950s housewife who reads Mrs Dalloway ….”
1️⃣ Identificando os verbos
🔹revises → do verbo revise
🔹reads → do verbo read
2️⃣ Tempo verbal
Ambos os verbos estão no simple present:
🔹revises → terceira pessoa do singular, presente
🔹reads → terceira pessoa do singular, presente.
📌DICAS DE OURO:
O simple present é usado aqui porque o texto faz uma afirmação geral ou análise literária, típica de resenhas ou críticas, mesmo que se refira a obras passadas.
📌ANÁLISE DAS SENTENÇAS:
A) ❌simple past.
B) ✅simple present.
C) ❌present perfect.
D) ❌past perfect.
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