UnB–2012–CESPE–VESTIBULAR–2º SEMESTRE–COLLEGE ENTRANCE EXAMINATION, ANSWERS & LEXICAL APPROACH.

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❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:

• UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA-VESTIBULAR-2012-2º SEMESTRE-01/06/2012.

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

• 29 True False Questions.
• 1 Multiple-Choice Questions | 4 Options Each Question.
• Texto (1) – | Caribbean festivals | www.way.cont |
• Texto (2) – | The Festival of Lights (Divali) in Trinidad and Tobago | www2.nalis.gov.tt |
• Texto (3) – | Ancient origins of Halloween | www.history.com |
• Texto (4) – | Tirinha |
• Texto (5) – | Tirinha |

❑ TEXTO 1:

❑ TEXTO 1:

Caribbean festivals

Part I - Fiesta de Santiago de Apóstol in Loiza Aldea, Puerto Rico (Late July)

Nowhere is Puerto Rico's rich West African heritage more pronounced — and celebrated — than in the coastal town of Loiza Aldea. Every July 25, the town hosts a celebration of its patron saint, Santiago, one of several Catholic saints believed to be incarnations of ancient African deities. The festival includes street parties, open-air plena and bomba concerts, and Carnival-like parades.

Part II - Festival de Merengue in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic (Late July)

Few things are more quintessentially Dominican than “merengue”. You can hear its urgent upbeat rhythm just about anywhere you go, from supermarkets to public buses, from the capital to the countryside, and it seems Dominican children learn to dance to “merengue” almost as soon as they can walk. The annual Merengue Festival lasts less than a week and isn’t even the Dominican Republic’s largest music festival, but only Carnival makes for a bigger and more ebullient street party.

Part III - St. Patrick’s Day in Montserrat (Mid-March)

The Irish aren’t the only ones who know how to throw a St. Patrick’s Day party. The tiny island of Montserrat, battered by hurricanes and half-buried in volcanic ash, celebrates March 17 as a national holiday with a terrific week-long festival. St. Patrick’s Day has dual importance in Montserrat: it has long been celebrated by the island’s large Irish Catholic population, who first settled there in the 1630s to escape religious persecution, and it also marks the day, in 1798, that enslaved Africans launched a major uprising.

Part IV - Crop Over Festival in Barbados (July)

Why celebrate for a day or a weekend, when you can party for a whole month? That’s the attitude of Barbadians when it comes to Crop Over, the island’s largest and most anticipated festival, held from early July to early August. The celebration, which dates back to the late 1700s, originally marked the end of the all-important sugarcane harvest, when Barbados was one of the world’s largest producers of sugar. Today the heart of Crop Over is calypso music, which infuses the entire event with its rhythm and lyrics.

Internet: <www.way.cont> (adapted)

(...)

According to the text, it is true to infer that
1 “merengue” and “calypso” are prevalent in the four celebrations described in the text.
2 "Fiesta de Santiago de Apóstol" is a mixture of African and Catholic celebrations.
3 Puerto Ricans believe that Santiago is the reincarnation of many African deities.
4 it is possible to hear "merengue" in the Dominican Republic only during the festival in Santo Domingo.
5 "upbeat", in part II, means cheerful.
6 Carnival is second to no other celebration in the Dominican Republic.
7 St. Patrick's Day in Montserrat has both a religious and a political meaning.
8 “Festival de Merengue” is the celebration that takes the longest of all the four described in the text.
9 'battered', in part III, means damaged.
10 "Crop Over" was created as an event to lament the decline of Barbados as a large sugar exporter.

 👍   Gabarito    ECEECECECE  :

According to the text, it is true to infer that

De acordo com o texto, é correto inferir que

1 “merengue” and “calypso” are prevalent in the four celebrations described in the text. – "merengue" e "calypso" são predominantes nas quatro celebrações descritas no texto. (ERRADA)

➦ Merengue e o Calypso estão presentes em apenas duas das celebrações descritas no texto.
2 "Fiesta de Santiago de Apóstol" is a mixture of African and Catholic celebrations. – Festa de Santiago de Apóstolo é uma mistura de celebrações africanas e católicas. (CORRETA)
3 Puerto Ricans believe that Santiago is the reincarnation of many African deities. – Os porto-riquenhos acreditam que Santiago é a reencarnação de várias divindades africanas. (ERRADA)

➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: Segundo o texto, Santiago é apenas um dos muitos santos católicos que fizeram parte do sincretismo ocorrido entre as divindades africanas e os santos da igreja católica e não a reencarnação de várias divindades.
4 it is possible to hear "merengue" in the Dominican Republic only during the festival in Santo Domingo. – é possível ouvir "merengue" na República Dominicana apenas durante o festival em Santo Domingo. (ERRADA)

➦ IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: O merengue é uma mania nacional e não só uma comemoração pontual, a música é ouvida o ano todo.
5 "upbeat", in part II, means cheerful. – "otimista", na parte II, significa alegre. (CORRETA)
6 Carnival is second to no other celebration in the Dominican Republic. – O Carnaval não tem precedentes em nenhuma outra celebração na República Dominicana. (ERRADA)

➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: No texto é dito que “o merengue não é nem mesmo o maior festival de música do país, contudo só o carnaval ocasiona uma festa de rua mais animada”, o que não quer dizer que é a maior comemoração do país.
7 St. Patrick's Day in Montserrat has both a religious and a political meaning. – O dia de São Patrício em Montserrat tem um significado religioso e político. (CORRETA)
8 “Festival de Merengue” is the celebration that takes the longest of all the four described in the text. – Festival de Merengue é a celebração que leva mais tempo entre os quatro descritos no texto. (ERRADA)

➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: Das quatro comemorações descritas nos textos a maior é a CROP OVER, que tem a duração de um mês.
9 'battered', in part III, means damaged. – 'agredido', na parte III, significa danificado.
10 "Crop Over" was created as an event to lament the decline of Barbados as a large sugar exporter. – O "Crop Over" foi criado como um evento para lamentar o declínio de Barbados como um grande exportador de açúcar.

➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: A festa do crop over foi criada para comemorar o final da colheita da cana de açúcar, na época em que Barbados era um dos maiores produtores de cana do mundo.

❑ TEXTO 2: This text refers to items from 11 through 15 and item 30.

The Festival of Lights (Divali) in Trinidad and Tobago

Trinidad and Tobago Hindu festivals, customs and traditions form an integral part of society and “Divali” is no exception. A large percentage of the population consists of ethnic Indians and many are Hindus. The celebration of “Divali” in Trinidad and Tobago is a national holiday with a significant amount of functions to celebrate the occasion. Recently the celebration has not only been extended to the homes and communities but organizations have also embraced this festival with special events held to commemorate it. This is evident in banks, schools and other organizations where members of staff organize “Divali” cultural programmes, dress in Indian ethnic wear and distribute sweets to their staff and customers.

One of the highpoints of the celebrations is held at the Divali Nagar site which is the official headquarters of the National Council of Indian Culture. At the Nagar there is a week of cultural, religious, educational and commercial activities which attract a wide cross section of the population including members of government, diplomatic agencies and parliamentarians.

Hindus in Trinidad and Tobago are also involved in cleaning and redecorating their homes for this auspicious occasion. They also maintain a period of abstinence or fasting. The day of “Divali” is marked with a host of activities in the homes where various dishes and sweets are prepared and “Pooja” is performed. Family members participate in evening worship at 6 o’clock to Mother Lakshmi, the Goddess of prosperity and wealth. They then light their homes with several dozens of “deyas” and distribute delicacies to their families, friends and the community. This sacred festival is known to bring about positive feelings to the community such as a sense of unity, cleanliness, harmony and festivity.

Internet: www2.nalis.gov.tt (adapted)

(...)

Based on the text, judge the items below.
11 “Pooja” is an example of a sweet offered during “Divali”.
12 In the last sentence of the text, “bring about” conveys the opposite idea of inhibit.
13 Besides “Divali”, other Hindu celebrations take place in Trinidad and Tobago.
14 “Divali” has become increasingly popular in Trinidad and Tobago.
15 Divali Nagar is the official webpage for “Divali”.

 👍   Gabarito    ECECE  :

Based on the text, judge the items below.

Com base no texto, julgue os itens abaixo.
11 “Pooja” is an example of a sweet offered during “Divali”. – "Pooja" é um exemplo de um doce oferecido durante o "Diwali". (ERRADA)

➽ IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: “Pooja” é uma espécie de dança ou apresentação performática.
12 In the last sentence of the text, “bring about” conveys the opposite idea of inhibit. – Na última frase do texto, “bring about” transmite a ideia oposta de inibir. (CORRETA)

➽ IDEIA CONTEXTUAL:

"[...] This sacred festival is known to bring about positive feelings to the community such as a sense of unity, cleanliness, harmony and festivity."

(Este festival sagrado é conhecido por trazer sentimentos positivos para a comunidade, como um senso de unidade, limpeza, harmonia e festividade.)

13 Besides “Divali”, other Hindu celebrations take place in Trinidad and Tobago. – Além de "Divali", outras celebrações hindus acontecem em Trinidad e Tobago. (ERRADA)
14 “Divali” has become increasingly popular in Trinidad and Tobago. – "Divali" tornou-se cada vez mais popular em Trinidad e Tobago. (CORRETA)
15 Divali Nagar is the official webpage for “Divali”. – Divali Nagar é a página oficial do "Diwali". (ERRADA)

➽ IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: Divala Nagar é um local onde funciona o conselho nacional da cultura hindu.

❑ TEXTO 3: This text refers to items 16 through 20 and item 30.

Ancient origins of Halloween

Halloween’s origins date back to the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain. The Celts, who lived 2,000 years ago in the area that is now Ireland, the United Kingdom and northern France, celebrated their new year on November 1. This day marked the end of summer and the harvest and the beginning of the dark, cold winter, a time of year that was often associated with human death. Celts believed that on the night before the new year, the boundary between the worlds of the living and the dead became blurred. On the night of October 31 they celebrated Samhain, when it was believed that the ghosts of the dead returned to earth. In addition to causing trouble and damaging crops, Celts thought that the presence of the otherworldly spirits made it easier for the Druids, or Celtic priests, to make predictions about the future. To commemorate the event, Druids built huge sacred bonfires, where the people gathered to burn crops and animals as sacrifices to the Celtic deities. During the celebration, the Celts wore costumes, typically consisting of animal heads and skins, and attempted to tell each other’s fortunes.

Internet: <www.history.com> (adapted)

(...)

Based on the text, it is true to infer that
16 the Celts thought that the dead were closer to the living during Samhain.
17 “fortunes” (l. 19) means wealth.
18 Samhain started to be celebrated to honor Christ.
19 the Samhain festival marked the end of the summer cycle and the beginning of fall.
20 people asked the dead to protect them as part of the Samhain celebrations.

 👍   Gabarito    CEEEE  :

Based on the text, it is true to infer that
Com base no texto, é correto inferir que

16 the Celts thought that the dead were closer to the living during Samhain. – os celtas pensavam que os mortos estavam mais próximos dos vivos durante o Samhain. (CORRETA)
17 “fortunes” (l. 19) means wealth. – “Fortunas” significa riqueza. (ERRADA)

➽IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: Fortune é o equivalente à 'sorte', e não fortuna.

"[...] During the celebration, the Celts wore costumes, typically consisting of animal heads and skins, and attempted to tell each other’s fortunes."

(Durante a celebração, os celtas usavam fantasias, normalmente consistindo de cabeças e peles de animais, e tentavam dizer a sorte uns dos outros.)

18 Samhain started to be celebrated to honor Christ. – Samhain começou a ser comemorado para honrar a Cristo. (ERRADA)

➽IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: A festa de “samhain” é uma festa pagã que tinha por objetivo a comemoração do ano novo celta.
19 the Samhain festival marked the end of the summer cycle and the beginning of fall. – o festival Samhain marcou o fim do ciclo de verão e o início do outono. (ERRADA)

➽ IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: A festa marca o final do verão e o início da época do inverno.
20 people asked the dead to protect them as part of the Samhain celebrations. – as pessoas pediam aos mortos para protegê-los como parte das celebrações do Samhain.

❑ TEXTO 4:

❑ TRADUÇÃO DO CARTOON:

➧ 1º QUADRINHO:

➭ This is unbelievable, Ernie. A week ago we were just sitting in a field ... 

➭ Isso é inacreditável, Ernesto. Há uma semana estávamos sentados em um campo...

➧ 2º QUADRINHO:

➭ Then we were picked, brought here, and given faces.

➭ Depois fomos escolhidos, trazidos para cá e ganhamos rostos.

➧ 3º QUADRINHO:

➭ Now we're watching an autumn tradition where strangers come asking for something.

➭ Agora estamos assistindo a uma tradição de outono em que estranhos vêm pedir alguma coisa. 

➧ 4º QUADRINHO:

➭ Knock..., Knock..., Knock..., 

➭ Toc, Toc, Toc ...,

➧ 5º QUADRINHO:

➭ Give me your vote! Give it to me! No me.

➭ Dê-me o seu voto! Me dê isto! Não eu.

➧ 6º QUADRINHO:

➭ I see why they say this is the scariest time of the year.

➭ Entendo por que dizem que esta é a época mais assustadora do ano.

Judge the items below based on the cartoon above.

21 The “autumn tradition” mentioned is Halloween.
22 The pumpkins’ intention is to scare people.
23 In the last sentence, I’ve figured can correctly replace the idea conveyed by “I see”.
24 The pumpkins were given faces to be able to see what happens during the election period.

 👍   Gabarito    ECCE  :

Judge the items below based on the cartoon above.

Julgue os itens abaixo com base no desenho acima.
21 The “autumn tradition” mentioned is Halloween. – A "tradição do outono" mencionada é o Halloween. (ERRADA)

➽ IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: O Halloween é uma tradição do início do inverno, a tradição do outono, à qual se refere o texto, é o pedido de votos por parte dos políticos.
22 The pumpkins’ intention is to scare people. – A intenção das abóboras é assustar as pessoas. (CORRETA)
23 In the last sentence, I’ve figured can correctly replace the idea conveyed by “I see”. – Na última frase, achei que poderia substituir corretamente a ideia veiculada por "entendo". (CORRETA)
24 The pumpkins were given faces to be able to see what happens during the election period. – As abóboras receberam rostos para poder ver o que acontece durante o período das eleições. (ERRADA)

➽IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: Não parece que esta tenha sido a intenção de se ter dado uma aparência assustadora às abóboras, parece que a intenção foi, realmente, assustar os visitantes inoportunos.

❑ TRADUÇÃO - TEXTO 5:

➧ TRADUÇÃO DO CARTOON:

- 1º QUADRINHO:

➭ They rented costumes?! What did they get?

➭ Eles alugaram fantasias?! O que eles conseguiram? 

- 2º QUADRINHO:

➭ The wolf rented sheep's clothing of course.

➭ O lobo alugou peles de cordeiro, é claro.

- 3º QUADRINHO:

➭ The chameleon didn't rent anything ... He said he'd make his own costume.

➭ O camaleão não alugou nada... Disse que faria sua própria fantasia. 

- 4º QUADRINHO:

➭ And what about the turkey? – E o peru?

➭ He wanted a spotted owl suit, but said he'd take anything on the endangered species list... – Ele queria um traje de coruja-pintada, mas disse que aceitaria qualquer coisa que estivesse na lista de espécies ameaçadas de extinção...

- 5º QUADRINHO:

➭ As long as he can keep it until the day after thanksgiving.

➭ Contanto que ele possa guardá-lo até o dia seguinte ao dia de ação de graças. 

Based on the cartoon above, it can be deduced that

25 endangered species are fashionable costumes for Halloween.
26 the turkey will wear the costume to save his life.
27 the expression “As long as” can correctly be replaced by As soon as.
28 the wolf wants to look less threatening.
29 the chameleon will wear a rented costume.

 👍   Gabarito    ECECE  :

Based on the cartoon above, it can be deduced that

Com base no cartoon acima, pode-se deduzir que

25 endangered species are fashionable costumes for Halloween. – espécies ameaçadas de extinção são fantasias da moda para o Halloween. (ERRADA)

➽IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: O uso de fantasia de uma espécie em perigo de extinção é criar, mais uma forma, de querer que aquela espécie seja preservada e, portanto não seja sacrificada.
26 the turkey will wear the costume to save his life. – o peru usará a fantasia para salvar sua vida. (CORRETA)
27 the expression “As long as” can correctly be replaced by As soon as. – a expressão "Contanto que" pode ser substituída corretamente por Assim que. (ERRADA)

➽ "As soon as" tem o sentido de “assim que”, “logo que”

➽ “as long as” tem o sentido de “contanto que”.

28 the wolf wants to look less threatening. –  o lobo quer parecer menos ameaçador. (CORRETA)

29 the chameleon will wear a rented costume. –  o camaleão usará uma roupa alugada. (ERRADA)

➽IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: O camaleão não necessita de fantasia, pois pode se camuflar por conta própria.

30 – (UnB/CESPE-2012-VESTIBULAR-2ºSEMESTRE)

According to texts I, II and III, which celebration has religious origins?
(A) “Crop Over”.
(B) “Festival de Merengue”.
(C) “Samhain”.
(D) “Divali”.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
(A) “Crop Over”.
(B) “Festival de Merengue”.
(C) “Samhain”.
(D) “Divali”.