❑ PROVA DE LĂNGUA INGLESA: ESAF-2015-MINISTĂRIO DO PLANEJAMENTO, ORĂAMENTO E GESTĂO-ANALISTA DE PLANEJAMENTO E ORĂAMENTO.
❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:
➭ 10 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 5 Options Each Question.
• Text (1) – | The good oil boys club | Latin america's oil ïŹrms need more foreign capital historic auction mexico shows. | www.economist.com |
• Text (2) – | The United Nations's (UN's) | Third International Conference on Financing for Development in Addis Ababa | www.economistinsights.com |
• Text (3) – | Small, cold, and absurdly far away, Pluto has always been selïŹsh with its secrets - THE X – FILES | PLUTĂO | http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com |
❑ GABARITO:
01-X, 02-A, 03-E, 04-C, 05-B
06-B, 07-A, 08-C, 09-C, 10-B
❑ TEXTO 1:
The good oil boys club
O clube do bolinha do petrĂłleo
Deve ter sido um dia de grande excitação.
A public auction on July 15th marked the end of a 77-year monopoly on oil exploration and production by Pemex, Mexico's state-owned oil company, and ushered in a new era of foreign investment in Mexican oil that until a few years ago was considered unimaginable.
Em 15 de julho, um leilĂŁo pĂșblico marcou o fim de um monopĂłlio de 77 anos na exploração e produção de petrĂłleo pela Pemex, estatal petrolĂfera Mexicana, e marcou o inĂcio de uma nova era de investimento estrangeiro em petrĂłleo Mexicano que atĂ© hĂĄ alguns anos atrĂĄs era considerado inimaginĂĄvel.
The Mexican government had hoped that its ïŹrstever auction of shallow-water exploration blocks in the Gulf of Mexico would successfully launch the modernisation of its energy industry.
The Mexican government had hoped that its ïŹrstever auction of shallow-water exploration blocks in the Gulf of Mexico would successfully launch the modernisation of its energy industry.
O governo Mexicano tinha esperança de que seu primeiro leilão de blocos de exploração de åguas rasas do Golfo do México iria lançar com sucesso a modernização do seu setor energético.
In the run-up to the bidding, Mexico had sought to be as accommodating as its historic dislike for foreign oil companies allowed it to be.
Na corrida para a licitação, o MĂ©xico tinha procurado ser tĂŁo acolhedor quanto a sua antipatia histĂłrica pelas companhias petrolĂferas estrangeiras permitiram que ele fosse.
Juan Carlos Zepeda, head of the National Hydrocarbons Commission, the regulator, had put a premium on transparency, saying there was "zero room" for favouritism.
Juan Carlos Zepeda, chefe da ComissĂŁo Nacional de Hidrocarbonetos, o regulador, enfatizou o grande valor da transparĂȘncia, dizendo que havia “espaço zero” para favoritismo.
When prices of Mexican crude were above $100 a barrel last year (now they are around $50), the government had spoken optimistically of a bonanza.
When prices of Mexican crude were above $100 a barrel last year (now they are around $50), the government had spoken optimistically of a bonanza.
Quando os preços do petróleo mexicano estavam acima dos 100 dólares por barril no ano passado (agora estão em torno de 50 dólares), o governo falava com optimismo de uma bonança.
It had predicted that four to six blocks would be sold, based on international norms.
A previsĂŁo era de que seriam vendidos de quatro a seis blocos, com base nas normas internacionais.
A previsĂŁo era de que seriam vendidos de quatro a seis blocos, com base nas normas internacionais.
It did not turn out that way.
NĂŁo foi assim que aconteceu.
The results fell well short of the government’s hopes and underscore how residual resource nationalism continues to plague the Latin American oil industry.
Os resultados ficaram muito aquĂ©m das esperanças do governo e sublinham como o nacionalismo de recursos residuais continua a atormentar o setor petrolĂfero latino-americana.
Only two of 14 exploration blocks were awarded, both going to the same Mexican-led trio of energy ïŹrms.
Apenas dois dos 14 blocos de exploração foram adjudicados (Ser entregue ao licitante ganhador), ambos destinados ao mesmo trio de empresas energéticas lideradas pelo México.
OfïŹcials blamed the disappointing outcome on the sagging international oil market, but their own insecurity about appearing to sell the country’s oil too cheap may also have been to blame, according to industry experts.
As autoridades atribuĂram a culpa pelo resultado decepcionante no declĂnio do mercado petrolĂfero internacional, mas a sua prĂłpria insegurança em parecer vender o petrĂłleo do paĂs demasiado barato tambĂ©m pode ter sido a culpada, de acordo com especialistas do setor.
On the day of the auction, the ïŹnance ministry set minimum-bid requirements that some considered onerously high; bids for four blocks were disqualiïŹed because they failed to reach the ofïŹcial ïŹoor.
No dia do leilĂŁo, o ministĂ©rio das finanças estabeleceu requisitos de lance mĂnimo que alguns consideraram onerosamente elevados; as propostas para quatro blocos foram desclassificadas por nĂŁo terem chegado ao piso oficial.
(Source:http://www.economist.com/news/business/21657827-
latinamericas-oil-firms-need-more-foreign-capital-historic-auctionmexicoshows)
21 – (ESAF-2015-MPOG)
(A) disliked all foreign oil companies.
(B) was for favouritism.
(C) gave reluctant support to the ïŹrst auction.
(D) was certain that no rigging was to happen.
(E) was against the auction.
(B) was for favouritism.
(C) gave reluctant support to the ïŹrst auction.
(D) was certain that no rigging was to happen.
(E) was against the auction.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito D
TĂPICO - RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA ENTRE PARTES DO TEXTO & VOCĂBULOS SINĂNIMOS :
According to text 1 above, Juan Carlos Zepeda
Conforme texto 1 acima, Juan Carlos Zepeda
(a) disliked all foreign oil companies. – nĂŁo gostava de todas as empresas petrolĂferas estrangeiras.
(b) was for favouritism. – foi por favoritismo.
(c) gave reluctant support to the ïŹrst auction. – deu apoio relutante ao primeiro leilĂŁo.
(d) was certain that no rigging was to happen. – estava certo de que nenhum fraude aconteceria.
(e) was against the auction. – foi contra o leilĂŁo.
(b) was for favouritism. – foi por favoritismo.
(c) gave reluctant support to the ïŹrst auction. – deu apoio relutante ao primeiro leilĂŁo.
(d) was certain that no rigging was to happen. – estava certo de que nenhum fraude aconteceria.
(e) was against the auction. – foi contra o leilĂŁo.
➭ TRECHO QUE JUSTIFICA A RESPOSTA:
• "[...] Juan Carlos Zepeda, head of the National Hydrocarbons Commission, the regulator, had put a premium on transparency, saying there was "zero room" for favouritism."
• Juan Carlos Zepeda, chefe da ComissĂŁo Nacional de Hidrocarbonetos, o regulador, que teve valorizado muito a transparĂȘncia, dizendo que havia “espaço zero” para favoritismo.
➭ RIGGING – FRAUDE, ARMAĂĂO.
• ballot rigging – fraude eleitoral
• vote rigging – fraude eleitoral
• election rigging – fraude eleitoral
• foreign exchange rigging – fraude cambial
22 – (ESAF-2015-MPOG)
As stated in the passage, the public auction
(A) gave rise to new times concerning oil production.
(B) started the monopoly on oil exploration.
(C) cut off the hopes for a bonanza.
(D) was successful in achieving the modernization of Mexican economy.
(E) set out apprehension for the expansion of oil exploration and production.
(B) started the monopoly on oil exploration.
(C) cut off the hopes for a bonanza.
(D) was successful in achieving the modernization of Mexican economy.
(E) set out apprehension for the expansion of oil exploration and production.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito A
TĂPICO - RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA ENTRE PARTES DO TEXTO & VOCĂBULOS SINĂNIMOS :
Conforme afirmado na passagem, o leilĂŁo pĂșblico
(a) gave rise to new times concerning oil production. – deu origem a novos tempos em matĂ©ria de produção de petrĂłleo.
(b) started the monopoly on oil exploration. – iniciou o monopĂłlio da exploração de petrĂłleo.
(c) cut off the hopes for a bonanza. – cortou as esperanças de uma bonança.
(d) was successful in achieving the modernization of Mexican economy. – conseguiu a modernização da economia mexicana.
(e) set out apprehension for the expansion of oil exploration and production. – expĂŽs a apreensĂŁo pela expansĂŁo da exploração e produção de petrĂłleo.
(b) started the monopoly on oil exploration. – iniciou o monopĂłlio da exploração de petrĂłleo.
(c) cut off the hopes for a bonanza. – cortou as esperanças de uma bonança.
(d) was successful in achieving the modernization of Mexican economy. – conseguiu a modernização da economia mexicana.
(e) set out apprehension for the expansion of oil exploration and production. – expĂŽs a apreensĂŁo pela expansĂŁo da exploração e produção de petrĂłleo.
➭ TRECHO QUE JUSTIFICA A RESPOSTA:
• "[...] A public auction on July 15th marked the end of a 77-year monopoly on oil exploration and production by Pemex, Mexico's state-owned oil company, and ushered in a new era of foreign investment in Mexican oil that until a few years ago was considered unimaginable."
• Em 15 de julho, um leilĂŁo pĂșblico marcou o fim de um monopĂłlio de 77 anos na exploração e produção de petrĂłleo pela Pemex, estatal petrolĂfera Mexicana, e inaugurou uma nova era de investimento estrangeiro em petrĂłleo Mexicano que atĂ© hĂĄ alguns anos atrĂĄs era considerado inimaginĂĄvel.
➭ TO USHER IN – INAUGURAR.
• usher in a period of economic growth – inaugurar um perĂodo de crescimento econĂŽmico
• usher in the era of skyscrapers. – inaugurar a era dos arranha-cĂ©us
• usher in new styles of music. – inaugurar novos estilos de mĂșsica
• usher in a new era of stability – inaugurar uma nova era de estabilidade
• usher in an era of steady decline for crude distillates like gasoline. – inaugurar uma era de declĂnio constante de destilados brutos como a gasolina.
23 – (ESAF-2015-MPOG)
In the sentence "The results fell well short of the government's hopes."
The expression "fell well short of" means that
(A) at the auction only four to six exploration blocks were sold.
(B) the international oil market was to blame for that.
(C) ministry set bid requirements which were considered under the ïŹnance valued.
(D) the results underscore how resource nationalism plagues Mexican oil industry.
(E) the results were discouraging.
(B) the international oil market was to blame for that.
(C) ministry set bid requirements which were considered under the ïŹnance valued.
(D) the results underscore how resource nationalism plagues Mexican oil industry.
(E) the results were discouraging.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito A
TĂPICO - RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA ENTRE PARTES DO TEXTO & EXPRESSĂO IDIOMĂTICA :
Na sentença
"The results fell well short of the government's hopes."
"Os resultados não atingiram as esperanças do governo."
A expressĂŁo "fell well short of" significa que
(a) at the auction only four to six exploration blocks were sold. – no leilĂŁo foram vendidos apenas quatro a seis blocos exploratĂłrios.
(b) the international oil market was to blame for that. – o mercado internacional de petrĂłleo foi o culpado por isso.
(c) ministry set bid requirements which were considered under the ïŹnance valued. – o ministĂ©rio estabeleceu requisitos de licitação que foram considerados sob o valor financeiro.
(d) the results underscore how resource nationalism plagues Mexican oil industry. – os resultados ressaltam como o nacionalismo de recursos afeta a indĂșstria petrolĂfera mexicana.
(e) the results were discouraging. – os resultados foram desanimadores.
(b) the international oil market was to blame for that. – o mercado internacional de petrĂłleo foi o culpado por isso.
(c) ministry set bid requirements which were considered under the ïŹnance valued. – o ministĂ©rio estabeleceu requisitos de licitação que foram considerados sob o valor financeiro.
(d) the results underscore how resource nationalism plagues Mexican oil industry. – os resultados ressaltam como o nacionalismo de recursos afeta a indĂșstria petrolĂfera mexicana.
(e) the results were discouraging. – os resultados foram desanimadores.
➭ TO FALL SHORT OF – SER INSUFICIENTE – NĂO CHEGAR, NĂO ATINGIR , FICAR AQUĂM DE, FICAR ABAIXO DE.
• fall short of a target – nĂŁo atingir uma meta
• fall short of a goal – ficar aquĂ©m de uma meta
• fall short of expectations. – ficar aquĂ©m das expectativas.
• fall short of 13%. – ficar abaixo de 13%.
• fall short of high standards. – nĂŁo atingir altos padrĂ”es
• fall short of what we need. – ser insuficiente do que precisamos.
44 – (ESAF-2015-MPOG)
In the sentence "OfïŹcials blamed the disappointing outcome on the sagging international oil market"
the word "sagging" means
(A) stable
(B) unhappy
(C) reduced in value
(D) full of interest
(E) greedy
(B) unhappy
(C) reduced in value
(D) full of interest
(E) greedy
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito A
TĂPICO - RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA ENTRE PARTES DO TEXTO & VOCĂBULOS SINĂNIMOS :
Na sentença
"OfïŹcials blamed the disappointing outcome on the sagging international oil market"
"As autoridades atribuĂram o resultado decepcionante ao DECLĂNIO do mercado internacional de petrĂłleo"
a palavra sagging significa
(a) stable – estĂĄvel
(b) unhappy – infeliz
(c) reduced in value – reduzido em valor
(d) full of interest – cheio de interesse
(e) greedy – ganancioso, ĂĄvido, guloso
(b) unhappy – infeliz
(c) reduced in value – reduzido em valor
(d) full of interest – cheio de interesse
(e) greedy – ganancioso, ĂĄvido, guloso
The United Nations's (UN's) Third International Conference on Financing for Development in Addis Ababa
Terceira ConferĂȘncia Internacional das NaçÔes Unidas (ONU) sobre Financiamento para o Desenvolvimento em Adis Abeba
The Addis Ababa Conference brings together governments, businesses and civil society to mobilize the resources needed to implement the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs - the foundation of the post-2015 development agenda) and a new global climate agreement, both of which are due later this year.
A ConferĂȘncia de Adis Abeba reĂșne governos, empresas e sociedade civil para mobilizar os recursos necessĂĄrios para implementar os Objectivos de Desenvolvimento SustentĂĄvel da ONU (ODS - a base da agenda de desenvolvimento pĂłs-2015) e um novo acordo climĂĄtico global, ambos previstos mais tarde. este ano.
The Addis Conference is an opportunity for policymakers to turn rhetoric into action, by agreeing on the funding and ïŹ nancial tools that can put the SDGs within reach.
A ConferĂȘncia de Adis Ă© uma oportunidade para os decisores polĂticos transformarem a retĂłrica em ação, ao chegarem a acordo sobre o financiamento e as ferramentas financeiras que podem colocar os ODS ao seu alcance.
A ConferĂȘncia de Adis Ă© uma oportunidade para os decisores polĂticos transformarem a retĂłrica em ação, ao chegarem a acordo sobre o financiamento e as ferramentas financeiras que podem colocar os ODS ao seu alcance.
The good news is that many of the solutions, technologies, and skills needed to achieve these global goals already exist.
A boa notĂcia Ă© que muitas das soluçÔes, tecnologias e competĂȘncias necessĂĄrias para atingir estes objetivos globais jĂĄ existem.
One important factor is the transition from cash to digital payments.
Um fator importante é a transição do dinheiro para pagamentos digitais.
There is growing evidence that digitizing payments boosts transactional efïŹ ciency, reduces costs, improves transparency and accountability, unlocks domestic resources, and drives ïŹ nancial inclusion in the places that need it most.
Existem provas crescentes de que a digitalização dos pagamentos aumenta a eficiĂȘncia transacional, reduz custos, melhora a transparĂȘncia e a responsabilização, desbloqueia recursos internos e impulsiona a inclusĂŁo financeira nos locais que mais necessitam.
In Mexico, the government trimmed its spending on wages, pensions, and social welfare by 3.3% annually, or nearly US$1.3bn, by centralizing and digitizing its payments;
No México, o governo reduziu as suas despesas com salårios, pensÔes e segurança social em 3,3% anualmente, ou quase 1,3 mil milhÔes de dólares, através da centralização e digitalização dos seus pagamentos;
Existem provas crescentes de que a digitalização dos pagamentos aumenta a eficiĂȘncia transacional, reduz custos, melhora a transparĂȘncia e a responsabilização, desbloqueia recursos internos e impulsiona a inclusĂŁo financeira nos locais que mais necessitam.
In Mexico, the government trimmed its spending on wages, pensions, and social welfare by 3.3% annually, or nearly US$1.3bn, by centralizing and digitizing its payments;
No México, o governo reduziu as suas despesas com salårios, pensÔes e segurança social em 3,3% anualmente, ou quase 1,3 mil milhÔes de dólares, através da centralização e digitalização dos seus pagamentos;
In India, a McKinsey study estimates savings for the government of over US$22bn annually through automated payments that help reduce transaction costs and fraud.
Na Ăndia, um estudo da McKinsey estima poupanças anuais para o governo de mais de 22 mil milhĂ”es de dĂłlares atravĂ©s de pagamentos automatizados que ajudam a reduzir os custos de transação e a fraude.
Not only can digital payments deliver major cost savings in straightened ïŹscal times, they also offer governments a rare boost on the revenue side of national ledgers.
Os pagamentos digitais não só podem proporcionar grandes poupanças de custos em tempos fiscais mais apertados, como também oferecem aos governos um raro impulso no lado das receitas dos livros nacionais.
By bringing more people and businesses into the formal economy, digital payments can vastly expand a country's tax base, providing new funds to invest in the drivers of productivity and growth.
Ao trazer mais pessoas e empresas para a economia formal, os pagamentos digitais podem expandir enormemente a base tributĂĄria de um paĂs, proporcionando novos fundos para investir nos motores da produtividade e do crescimento.
The ïŹnancial exclusion of so many people and businesses – all potential sources of economic growth – makes no sense, particularly at a time when growth is now slowing in much of the developing world.
Ao trazer mais pessoas e empresas para a economia formal, os pagamentos digitais podem expandir enormemente a base tributĂĄria de um paĂs, proporcionando novos fundos para investir nos motores da produtividade e do crescimento.
The ïŹnancial exclusion of so many people and businesses – all potential sources of economic growth – makes no sense, particularly at a time when growth is now slowing in much of the developing world.
A exclusĂŁo financeira de tantas pessoas e empresas – todas fontes potenciais de crescimento econĂłmico – nĂŁo faz sentido, especialmente numa altura em que o crescimento estĂĄ agora a abrandar em grande parte do mundo em desenvolvimento.
Figures like these also demonstrate why drafts on the Addis Accord prepared in advance of the conference repeatedly call for greater ïŹnancial inclusion, including for women and SME (Small and Medium Sized Enterprises).
NĂșmeros como estes tambĂ©m demonstram por que razĂŁo os projectos do Acordo de Adis preparados antes da conferĂȘncia apelam repetidamente a uma maior inclusĂŁo financeira, incluindo para as mulheres e as PME (Pequenas e MĂ©dias Empresas).
The Economist
(Source:http://www.economistinsights.com/technologyinnovation/opinion/cashing-out - adapted)
(Source:http://www.economistinsights.com/technologyinnovation/opinion/cashing-out - adapted)
25 – (ESAF-2015-MPOG)
According to text 2 above, the Addis Ababa Conference
(A) is trying to solve all the problems of the developing countries.
(B) has as one of its goals bringing about action instead of empty discussions.
(C) wanted to mobilize African countries to turn rhetoric into action.
(D) proved that governments should not interfere with climate agreement.
(E) stated that some solutions, technologies and skills to reach global aims are far-ïŹung.
(B) has as one of its goals bringing about action instead of empty discussions.
(C) wanted to mobilize African countries to turn rhetoric into action.
(D) proved that governments should not interfere with climate agreement.
(E) stated that some solutions, technologies and skills to reach global aims are far-ïŹung.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito B
TĂPICO - RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA ENTRE PARTES DO TEXTO & VOCĂBULOS SINĂNIMOS :
De acordo com o texto 2 acima, a ConferĂȘncia de Addis Abeba
(a) is trying to solve all the problems of the developing countries. – estĂĄ tentando resolver todos os problemas dos paĂses em desenvolvimento.
(b) has as one of its goals bringing about action instead of empty discussions. – tem como um de seus objetivos trazer ação ao invĂ©s de discussĂ”es vazias.
(c) wanted to mobilize African countries to turn rhetoric into action. – queria mobilizar os paĂses africanos para transformar a retĂłrica em ação.
(d) proved that governments should not interfere with climate agreement. – provou que os governos nĂŁo devem interferir no acordo climĂĄtico.
(e) stated that some solutions, technologies and skills to reach global aims are far-ïŹung. – afirmou que algumas soluçÔes, tecnologias e habilidades para alcançar objetivos globais sĂŁo distantes.
(b) has as one of its goals bringing about action instead of empty discussions. – tem como um de seus objetivos trazer ação ao invĂ©s de discussĂ”es vazias.
(c) wanted to mobilize African countries to turn rhetoric into action. – queria mobilizar os paĂses africanos para transformar a retĂłrica em ação.
(d) proved that governments should not interfere with climate agreement. – provou que os governos nĂŁo devem interferir no acordo climĂĄtico.
(e) stated that some solutions, technologies and skills to reach global aims are far-ïŹung. – afirmou que algumas soluçÔes, tecnologias e habilidades para alcançar objetivos globais sĂŁo distantes.
26 – (ESAF-2015-MPOG)
Text 2 above states that
(A) digitising payments in Mexico boosted its spending on wages, pension and social welfare, thus causing a crisis in their economy.
(B) the transition from cash to digital payments is one of the solutions to achieve the goals posed by the Third International Conference on Financing for Development.
(C) digital payments reduce the revenue of national ledgers and lock domestic resources.
(D) digital payments are a drawback to the formal economy.
(E) fraud is more likely to happen in countries that have adopted digital systems.
(B) the transition from cash to digital payments is one of the solutions to achieve the goals posed by the Third International Conference on Financing for Development.
(C) digital payments reduce the revenue of national ledgers and lock domestic resources.
(D) digital payments are a drawback to the formal economy.
(E) fraud is more likely to happen in countries that have adopted digital systems.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito B
TĂPICO - RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA ENTRE PARTES DO TEXTO & VOCĂBULOS SINĂNIMOS :
O texto 2 acima afirma que
(a) digitising payments in Mexico boosted its spending on wages, pension and social welfare, thus causing a crisis in their economy. – a digitalização de pagamentos no MĂ©xico aumentou seus gastos com salĂĄrios, pensĂ”es e previdĂȘncia social, causando uma crise em sua economia.
(b) the transition from cash to digital payments is one of the solutions to achieve the goals posed by the Third International Conference on Financing for Development. – a transição de pagamentos em dinheiro para pagamentos digitais Ă© uma das soluçÔes para atingir as metas propostas pela Terceira ConferĂȘncia Internacional sobre Financiamento para o Desenvolvimento.
(c) digital payments reduce the revenue of national ledgers and lock domestic resources. – os pagamentos digitais reduzem a receita dos livros contĂĄbeis nacionais e bloqueiam os recursos domĂ©sticos.
(d) digital payments are a drawback to the formal economy. – os pagamentos digitais sĂŁo uma desvantagem para a economia formal.
(b) the transition from cash to digital payments is one of the solutions to achieve the goals posed by the Third International Conference on Financing for Development. – a transição de pagamentos em dinheiro para pagamentos digitais Ă© uma das soluçÔes para atingir as metas propostas pela Terceira ConferĂȘncia Internacional sobre Financiamento para o Desenvolvimento.
(c) digital payments reduce the revenue of national ledgers and lock domestic resources. – os pagamentos digitais reduzem a receita dos livros contĂĄbeis nacionais e bloqueiam os recursos domĂ©sticos.
(d) digital payments are a drawback to the formal economy. – os pagamentos digitais sĂŁo uma desvantagem para a economia formal.
(e) fraud is more likely to happen in countries that have adopted digital systems. – a fraude Ă© mais provĂĄvel em paĂses que adotaram sistemas digitais.
27 – (ESAF-2015-MPOG)
According to the text
(A) people and businesses are thought to be sources of economic growth.
(B) economic growth is now what it used to be in the past.
(C) drafts of the Addis Accord prepared beforehand did not consider ïŹnancial inclusion of some possibilities (women and SMEs).
(D) excluding people and businesses from economic growth is something to be expected and praised.
(E) two billion individuals are excluded from ïŹnancial services.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito A
TĂPICO - RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA ENTRE PARTES DO TEXTO & VOCĂBULOS SINĂNIMOS :
De acordo com o texto
(a) people and businesses are thought to be sources of economic growth. – pessoas e empresas sĂŁo consideradas fontes de crescimento econĂŽmico.
(b) economic growth is now what it used to be in the past. – o crescimento econĂŽmico Ă© agora o que costumava ser no passado.
(b) economic growth is now what it used to be in the past. – o crescimento econĂŽmico Ă© agora o que costumava ser no passado.
(c) drafts of the Addis Accord prepared beforehand did not consider ïŹnancial inclusion of some possibilities (women and SMEs). – as minutas do Acordo de Addis preparadas anteriormente nĂŁo consideravam a inclusĂŁo financeira de algumas possibilidades (mulheres e PMEs).
(d) excluding people and businesses from economic growth is something to be expected and praised. – excluir pessoas e empresas do crescimento econĂŽmico Ă© algo esperado e elogiado.
(e) two billion individuals are excluded from ïŹnancial services. – dois bilhĂ”es de indivĂduos sĂŁo excluĂdos dos serviços financeiros.
(d) excluding people and businesses from economic growth is something to be expected and praised. – excluir pessoas e empresas do crescimento econĂŽmico Ă© algo esperado e elogiado.
(e) two billion individuals are excluded from ïŹnancial services. – dois bilhĂ”es de indivĂduos sĂŁo excluĂdos dos serviços financeiros.
❑ TEXTO 3:
Small, cold, and absurdly far away, Pluto has always been selïŹsh with its secrets.
Pequeno, frio e absurdamente distante, PlutĂŁo sempre foi egoĂsta com seus segredos.
THE X – FILES
O ARQUIVO X
It wouldn't be the ïŹrst time Pluto has confounded expectations.
NĂŁo seria a primeira vez que PlutĂŁo confundiu as expectativas.
In 2006, the year New Horizons was launched, Pluto vanished from the list of planets and reappeared as a “dwarf planet.”
Em 2006, ano em que a New Horizons foi lançada, PlutĂŁo desapareceu da lista de planetas e reapareceu como um “planeta anĂŁo”.
That, of course, had more to do with astronomers on Earth than any celestial sleight of hand, but the truth is, Pluto has been a tough world to crack since before it was discovered.
Isso, claro, teve mais a ver com os astrĂŽnomos na Terra do que com qualquer prestidigitação celestial, mas a verdade Ă© que PlutĂŁo tem sido um mundo difĂcil de quebrar desde antes de ser descoberto.
Isso, claro, teve mais a ver com os astrĂŽnomos na Terra do que com qualquer prestidigitação celestial, mas a verdade Ă© que PlutĂŁo tem sido um mundo difĂcil de quebrar desde antes de ser descoberto.
By the turn of the century, the hunt for that missing planet had gathered momentum:
Na virada do século, a busca pelo planeta desaparecido ganhou impulso:
Whoever found it would earn the shiny distinction of discovering the ïŹ rst new planet in more than 50 years. Calling the rogue world “Planet X,”, Boston aristocrat Percival Lowell – perhaps best known for claiming to have spotted irrigation canals on the surface of Mars – vigorously took up the search.
Quem quer que o descobrisse ganharia a brilhante distinção de descobrir o primeiro novo planeta em mais de 50 anos. Chamando o mundo desonesto de “Planeta X”, o aristocrata de Boston, Percival Lowell – talvez mais conhecido por afirmar ter descoberto canais de irrigação na superfĂcie de Marte – iniciou vigorosamente a busca.
Lowell had built his own observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, and in 1905 it became the epicenter of the search for Planet X, with Lowell calculating and recalculating its probable position and borrowing equipment for the hunt.
Lowell construiu seu próprio observatório em Flagstaff, Arizona, e em 1905 ele se tornou o epicentro da busca pelo Planeta X, com Lowell calculando e recalculando sua posição provåvel e emprestando equipamentos para a caça.
But Lowell died in 1916, without knowing that Planet X really existed.
Mas Lowell morreu em 1916, sem saber que o Planeta X realmente existia.
Fast-forward to 1930. Late one February afternoon, 24-year-old Clyde Tombaugh was parked in his spot at Lowell Observatory.
Avançando para 1930. No final de uma tarde de fevereiro, Clyde Tombaugh, de 24 anos, estava estacionado em sua vaga no Observatório Lowell.
A transplant from the farm ïŹelds of Kansas, Tombaugh had been assigned the task of searching for Lowell`s elusive planet.
Transplantado dos campos agrĂcolas do Kansas, Tombaugh recebeu a tarefa de procurar o esquivo planeta de Lowell.
He had no formal training in astronomy but had developed a skill for building telescopes, sometimes from old car parts and other improbable items.
Ele não tinha treinamento formal em astronomia, mas desenvolveu uma habilidade para construir telescópios, às vezes com peças de carros antigos e outros itens improvåveis.
(Source: National Geographic Magazine – July 2015 - http:// ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ print/2015/07/ pluto/drake-text (adapted))
28 – (ESAF-2015-MPOG)
In the ïŹrst paragraph, the expression "sleight of hand" means
(A) a dwarf planet.
(B) a tricky calculus.
(C) deceiving in a clever way.
(D) predictions of planetary motion.
(E) Pluto's reappearance.
(B) a tricky calculus.
(C) deceiving in a clever way.
(D) predictions of planetary motion.
(E) Pluto's reappearance.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito C
TĂPICO - RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA ENTRE PARTES DO TEXTO & VOCĂBULOS SINĂNIMOS :
No primeiro parĂĄgrafo, a expressĂŁo "sleight of hand" significa
(a) a dwarf planet. – um planeta anĂŁo.
(b) a tricky calculus. – um cĂĄlculo complicado.
(c) deceiving in a clever way. – enganar de maneira astuta.
(d) predictions of planetary motion. – previsĂ”es de movimento planetĂĄrio.
(e) Pluto's reappearance. – o reaparecimento de PlutĂŁo.
(b) a tricky calculus. – um cĂĄlculo complicado.
(c) deceiving in a clever way. – enganar de maneira astuta.
(d) predictions of planetary motion. – previsĂ”es de movimento planetĂĄrio.
(e) Pluto's reappearance. – o reaparecimento de PlutĂŁo.
29 – (ESAF-2015-MPOG)
The sentence "Percival Lowell perhaps best known for claiming to have spotted irrigation canals on the surface of Mars"
means that he
(A) found irrigation canals on the surface of Mars.
(B) was considered to have found working irrigation canals on the surface of Mars.
(C) used to say that he had spotted irrigation canals on the surface of Mars.
(D) dreamed about spotting irrigation canals on the surface of Mars.
(E) pretended to have found irrigation canals on the surface of Mars.
(B) was considered to have found working irrigation canals on the surface of Mars.
(C) used to say that he had spotted irrigation canals on the surface of Mars.
(D) dreamed about spotting irrigation canals on the surface of Mars.
(E) pretended to have found irrigation canals on the surface of Mars.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito C
TĂPICO - RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA ENTRE PARTES DO TEXTO & VOCĂBULOS SINĂNIMOS :
A sentença
"Percival Lowell perhaps best known for claiming to have spotted irrigation canals on the surface of Mars" (
"Percival Lowell talvez mais conhecido por alegar ter descoberto canais de irrigação na superfĂcie de Marte)
significa que ele
(a) found irrigation canals on the surface of Mars. – encontrou canais de irrigação na superfĂcie de Marte.
(b) was considered to have found working irrigation canals on the surface of Mars. – considerou-se ter encontrado canais de irrigação em funcionamento na superfĂcie de Marte.
(c) used to say that he had spotted irrigation canals on the surface of Mars. – costumava dizer que havia avistado canais de irrigação na superfĂcie de Marte.
(d) dreamed about spotting irrigation canals on the surface of Mars. – sonhou em avistar canais de irrigação na superfĂcie de Marte.
(e) pretended to have found irrigation canals on the surface of Mars. – fingiu ter encontrado canais de irrigação na superfĂcie de Marte.
(b) was considered to have found working irrigation canals on the surface of Mars. – considerou-se ter encontrado canais de irrigação em funcionamento na superfĂcie de Marte.
(c) used to say that he had spotted irrigation canals on the surface of Mars. – costumava dizer que havia avistado canais de irrigação na superfĂcie de Marte.
(d) dreamed about spotting irrigation canals on the surface of Mars. – sonhou em avistar canais de irrigação na superfĂcie de Marte.
(e) pretended to have found irrigation canals on the surface of Mars. – fingiu ter encontrado canais de irrigação na superfĂcie de Marte.
30 – (ESAF-2015-MPOG)
Accordind to the text, Clyde Tombaugh had been
(A) an aristocrat.
(B) a country man.
(C) a graduate astronomer.
(D) a businessman.
(E) a car mechanic.
(B) a country man.
(C) a graduate astronomer.
(D) a businessman.
(E) a car mechanic.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito B
TĂPICO - RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA ENTRE PARTES DO TEXTO & VOCĂBULOS SINĂNIMOS :
Accordind to the text, Clyde Tombaugh had been
De acordo com o texto, Clyde Tombaugh havia sido
(a) an aristocrat. – um aristocrata.
(b) a country man. – um homem do campo.
(c) a graduate astronomer. – um astrĂŽnomo graduado.
(d) a businessman. – empresĂĄrio.
(e) a car mechanic. – um mecĂąnico de automĂłveis.
(b) a country man. – um homem do campo.
(c) a graduate astronomer. – um astrĂŽnomo graduado.
(d) a businessman. – empresĂĄrio.
(e) a car mechanic. – um mecĂąnico de automĂłveis.








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