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INSTITUTO TECNOLĂGICO DE AERONĂUTICA
- 20 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 5 Options Each Question.
FRAYING AT THE EDGES: A LIFE-CHANGING DIAGNOSIS
IT BEGAN WITH what she saw in the bathroom mirror. On a dull morning, Geri Taylor padded into the shiny bathroom of her Manhattan apartment. She casually checked her reflection in the mirror, doing her daily inventory. Immediately, she stiffened with fright.
Huh? What?
She didn't recognize herself.
She gazed saucer-eyed at her image, thinking: Oh, is this what I look like? No, that‘s not me. Who's that in my mirror?
This was in late 2012. She was 69, in her early months getting familiar with
retirement. For some time she had experienced the sensation of clouds
coming over her, mantling thought. There had been a few hiccups at her
job. She had been a nurse who climbed the rungs to health care executive. Once,
she was leading a staff meeting when she had no idea what she was talking
about, her mind like a stalled engine that wouldn't turn over.
"Fortunately I was the boss and I just said, 'Enough of that; Sally, tell
me what you're up to," she would say of the episode.
Certain mundane tasks stumped her. She told her husband, Jim Taylor, that the blind in the bedroom was broken. He showed her she was pulling the wrong cord. Kept happening. Finally, nothing else working, he scribbled on the adjacent wall which cord was which.
Then there was the day she got off the subway at 14th Street and Seventh Avenue unable to figure out why she was there.
So, yes, she had had inklings that something was going wrong with her mind. She held tight to these thoughts. She even hid her suspicions from Mr. Taylor, who chalked up her thinning memory to the infirmities of age.
"I thought she was getting like me," he said. "I had been forgetful for 10 years."
But to not recognize her own face! To Ms. Taylor, this was the "drop-dead moment" when she had to accept a terrible truth. She wasn't just seeing the twitches of aging but the early fumes of the disease.
She had no further issues with mirrors, but there was no ignoring that something important had happened. She confided her fears to her husband and made an appointment with a neurologist.
"Before then I thought I could fake it," she would explain. "This convinced me I had to come clean."
In November 2012, she saw the neurologist who was treating her migraines. He listened to her symptoms, took blood, gave her the Mini Mental State Examination, a standard cognitive test made up of a set of unremarkable questions and commands. (For instance, she was asked to count backward from 100 in intervals of seven; she had to say the phrase: "No ifs, ands or buts"; she was told to pick up a piece of paper, fold it in half and place it on the floor beside her.)
He told her three common words, said he was going to ask her them in a little bit. He emphasized this by pointing a finger at his head — remember those words. That simple. Yet when he called for them, she knew only one: Beach. In her mind, she would go on to associate it with the doctor, thinking of him as Dr.Beach.
He gave a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment, a common precursor to
Alzheimer's disease. The first label put on what she had. Even then, she
understood it was the footfall of what would come. Alzheimer's had struck
her father, a paternal aunt and a cousin. She long suspected it would
eventually find her.
Fonte: http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/05/01/nyregion/living-with-alzheimers.html?action=click&contentCollection=Americas&module=
Trending&version=Full®ion=
Marginalia&pgtype=article. (acesso em 1/05/2016).
01 – (ITA/SP-2017)
Quanto ao gĂȘnero textual, o texto pode ser classificado como
(A) sinopse de romance.
(B) romance autobiogrĂĄfico.
(C) romance biogrĂĄfico.
(D) laudo psiquiĂĄtrico.
(E) resenha médica.
02 – (ITA/SP-2017)
Quanto Ă narrativa, o texto Ă© apresentado
(A) por narrador externo, que utiliza discursos direto e indireto.
(B) pela personagem principal, que relata ao leitor suas limitaçÔes cognitivas.
(C) por uma personagem que traz também a voz da personagem principal.
(D) pelo médico que busca apresentar informaçÔes sobre Geri Taylor.
(E) pela prĂłpria narradora, quando ainda tinha consciĂȘncia dos fatos de sua
vida.
03 – (ITA/SP-2017)
De acordo com o texto,
(A) Geri Taylor ficou abatida com o diagnĂłstico de Alzheimer e declarou ter
sido nocauteada pela doença.
(B) Jim Taylor procurou o médico para conversar sobre os esquecimentos da
esposa.
(C) o neurologista teve certeza da doença de Geri Taylor porque ela não
conseguiu contar de 0 a 100.
(D) Geri Taylor foi diagnosticada com um problema cognitivo que normalmente
precede o Alzheimer.
(E) Jim Taylor preferiu não contar ao médico sobre as doenças degenerativas na
famĂlia da esposa.
04 – (ITA/SP-2017)
Marque a opção correta quanto aos procedimentos solicitados pelo neurologista a Geri Taylor.
(A) Contar de 0 a 100 em intervalos de 7 em 7.
(B) Repetir cinco palavras em intervalos curtos de tempo.
(C) Dobrar uma folha de papel ao meio e posicionĂĄ-la no chĂŁo.
(D) Elaborar perguntas e respondĂȘ-las em sequĂȘncia.
(E) Citar frases populares bem conhecidas.
05 – (ITA/SP-2017)
Marque a opção que contém a principal causa da decisão de Geri Taylor em buscar diagnóstico médico.
A ( ) Dificuldade de reconhecer sua prĂłpria imagem diante do espelho.
B ( ) Esquecimento de palavras importantes em reuniÔes de trabalho.
C ( ) Dificuldades recorrentes para lidar com a persiana do quarto do casal.
D ( ) Sensação de estar perdida em pontos da cidade por onde tinha costume de
circular.
E ( ) HistĂłrico de Alzheimer em pessoas da famĂlia, como o prĂłprio pai e parentes
paternos.
06 – (ITA/SP-2017)
Marque a opção em que o item sublinhado NĂO Ă© classificado como um advĂ©rbio.
(A) She casually checked
her reflection in the mirror, [...] (linha 2)
(B) "Fortunately I was the boss and I just said, [...] (linha
13)
(C) Finally, nothing else working, he scribbled on the adjacent
wall which cord was which. (linhas 16-17)
(D) She wasn't just seeing the twitches of aging but the early fumes
of the disease. (linha 25)
(E) She long suspected it would eventually find her. (linha 40)
07 – (ITA/SP-2017)
Marque a opção em que o item sublinhado é um qualificador.
(A) Once, she
was leading a staff meeting when she had no idea [...] (linhas
10-11)
(B) So, yes, she had had inklings that something was going
wrong [...] (linha 20)
(C) [...] Mr. Taylor, who chalked up her thinning memory to
the infirmities of age. (linhas 21-22)
(D) [...] but there was no ignoring that something important
had happened. (linhas 26-27)
(E) He emphasized this by pointing a finger at his head -
remember those words. (linhas 34-35)
❑ TEXTO 2: As questĂ”es de 08 a 12 referem-se ao texto a seguir.
INSIDE THE BILL
GATES-BACKED ACCELERATOR THAT'S TRAINING
THE NEXT
GENERATION OF VENTURE CAPITALISTS
Lauren Gensler, FORBES STAFF
In an airy converted furniture store in Seattle's Pioneer Square neighborhood, five novice impact fund managers from Zimbabwe, Guatemala and the Netherlands are rehearsing the sales pitches they'll make the next day to 60 mostly institutional investors, representing $10 billion in capital.
The presentations will be a graduation ceremony of sorts. Despite their impressive resumes, the five men have just completed a four-week boot camp covering everything from term sheets, accounting and mezzanine debt structures to dealing with corruption to defining and marketing their brands. They'll head home with golden contacts (investor cocktail hours were built into the packed schedule) and a commitment for up to $500,000 in seed capital from Capria Accelerator, a first-of-its-kind venture whose initial investors include Microsoft cofounder (and world‘s richest man) Bill Gates.
One of those rehearsing is Patrick Makanza, 51,
an M.B.A. and veteran of Unilever and Barclays Bank, who quit a cushy job at a
top Zimbabwe private equity firm and launched Vakayi Capital. The first
fund being formed by Vakayi (which means ―to build‖) will back
for-profit businesses providing essential services in Zimbabwe, which has per
capita gross domestic product of about $1,000. That fund will make loans (with
an option to convert some to equity) for an average of four years to small
and medium-size businesses that want to expand and can‘t get adequate bank
financing. Among potential investments: an eye clinic that‘s building
a new operating room so it can double its daily procedures and bring down
the cost of cataract surgery; an education microlender; and a builder of
low-cost housing.
The next day, in their
presentation, Makanza and his Vakayi cofounder tackle head-on the tough issues
they might be asked about, including Zimbabwe‘s endemic corruption, economic
challenges and currency dramas–it squelched hyperinflation in 2009 by
switching to foreign currencies, primarily the U.S. dollar. But in the
question period Tracy Washington, principal investment officer for the
International Finance Corp.‘s global private equity funds, lobs a personal
query at Makanza, a father of four who is partial to conservative business
suits and golf. ―With your resume‖, she asks,
"why get involved with so risky an enterprise, and will you
stick to it?" Makanza responds that he worked in venture capital back in
the 1990s and came to
miss the highs and lows of investing in early-stage entrepreneurs. "I
still have at least ten years to do this. … It's a real roller-coaster
lifestyle. But I enjoyed it, and I want to have more of that
experience again."
Impact investing – which
aims to produce both financial and social or environmental returns – is in vogue.
Big names in finance, from BlackRock to Goldman Sachs to Bank of America
Merrill Lynch, have been piling in recently, seeing it as a way to appeal
to the socially conscious Millennials now building and inheriting wealth.
But this alternative asset
class is still small – $77 billion invested worldwide, according to a new survey
from the Global Impact Investing Network. To grow, it needs experienced,
hands-on fund managers, and those are in short supply, particularly in areas
with the greatest needs, such as sub-aharan Africa.
Fonte:http://www.forbes.com/sites/laurengensler/2016/06/15/capria-bill-gates-impact-investing-accelerator/#56afe1ab1dc4.(Acesso
em 07/07/2016).
08 – (ITA/SP-2017)
De acordo com o texto,
(A) cinco profissionais da ĂĄrea financeira, de diferentes partes do mundo,
preparam-se para apresentar suas propostas a investidores.
(B) o curso sobre gestĂŁo financeira realizado em Seattle, de carĂĄter
eliminatório, teve duração de quatro semanas.
(C) contatos profissionais sĂŁo mais importantes do que o domĂnio de
conhecimentos especĂficos e teĂłricos.
(D) a comparação entre fundos de investimentos e a expressão "montanha
russa" deve-se ao panorama econĂŽmico dos Ășltimos dez anos.
(E) investimento de impacto Ă© uma tendĂȘncia que agrega obrigatoriamente
retornos financeiro, social e ambiental.
09 – (ITA/SP-2017)
Ă INCORRETO afirmar que Patrick Makanza
(A) Ă© um profissional experiente que deixou uma carreira bem sucedida para se
arriscar em um novo empreendimento.
(B) faz questĂŁo de envolver os quatro filhos na gestĂŁo de todos os seus
empreendimentos, apesar de ser um gestor conservador.
(C) lançou Vakayi Capital com o objetivo de oferecer empréstimos a empresas que
querem expandir, mas nĂŁo conseguem financiamento bancĂĄrio adequado.
(D) participa de um evento na cidade de Seattle, preparando-se para responder
perguntas sobre corrupção e riscos financeiros no Zimbåbue.
(E) busca investir em empresas que prestem serviços.
10 – (ITA/SP-2017)
Marque a opção que substitui o trecho sublinhado, mantendo o mesmo sentido.
"Despite their impressive resumes, the five men have just completed a four-week boot camp covering everything from term sheets, [...]"
(A) Once they have impressive resumes,
(B) Besides they have impressive resumes,
(C) Since their impressive resumes,
(D) Because of their impressive resumes,
(E) Although they have impressive resumes.
11 – (ITA/SP-2017)
Marque a opção em que o item sublinhado NĂO exerce a função de agente da oração.
(A) [...]
Patrick Makanza, 51, an M.B.A. and veteran of Unilever and Barclays Bank, who quit
a cushy job at a top Zimbabwe private equity firm [...] (linhas 10-11)
(B) That fund will make loans [...] for an average of four years to small and
medium-size businesses that want to expand [...] (linhas 13-14-15)
(C) [...] Tracy Washington [...] lobs a personal query at Makanza, a father of
four who is partial to conservative business suits and golf.
(linhas 21-22-23)
(D) Makanza responds that he worked in venture capital back in
the 1990s and came to miss the highs and lows of investing in early-stage
entrepreneurs. (linhas 24-25)
(E) Impact investing – which aims to produce both financial
and social or environmental returns – is in vogue. (linhas 28-29)
12 – (ITA/SP-2017)
O termo WHOSE em:
"They'll head home with golden contacts (investor cocktail hours were built into the packed schedule) and a commitment for up to $500,000 in seed capital from Capria Accelerator, a first-of-its-kind venture whose initial investors include Microsoft cofounder (and world's richest man) Bill Gates.",
refere-se a
(A) golden contacts.
(B) a commitment.
(C) seed capital.
(D) Capria Accelerator.
(E) Bill Gates
❑ TEXTO 3: A tirinha a seguir mostra um diĂĄlogo entre duas pessoas, com a participação de um terceiro interlocutor. Analise-a e responda as questĂ”es de 13 a 16.
Fonte: http://comicskingdom.com/
system/media/562_content_original.gif?1390858923.
(Acesso em 01/05/2016)
13 – (ITA/SP-2017)
A terceira pessoa mostra-se incomodada devido Ă (ao)
(A) incoerĂȘncia das informaçÔes tratadas na conversa.
(B) excesso de informaçÔes e à falta de privacidade.
(C) impossibilidade de adquirir um smartphone.
(D) fato de ser ignorada pelas pessoas que estĂŁo conversando.
(E) resistĂȘncia pessoal quanto ao uso de aplicativos para emagrecer.
14 – (ITA/SP-2017)
Depreende-se da leitura que os aplicativos
(A) podem ser instalados em
qualquer modelo de aparelho celular.
(B) oferecem exatamente as mesmas facilidades Ă s duas usuĂĄrias.
(C) registram informaçÔes nutricionais nos rótulos dos alimentos.
(D) impedem o consumo de alimentos de mĂĄ qualidade nutricional.
(E) auxiliam as usuĂĄrias no controle da perda de peso.
15 – (ITA/SP-2017)
As palavras utilizadas como referentes aos aplicativos sĂŁo
(A) that, mine, it.
(B) it, even,
mine.
(C) that's, it, them.
(D) that, me, mine.
(E) them, that,
it.
16 – (ITA/SP-2017)
Marque a opção em que os itens da tirinha possuem a mesma classificação gramatical.
(A) then -
quite
(B) intake - milestones
(C) loss - huge
(D) like - reach
(E) providing – ratings
❑ TEXTO 4: As questĂ”es de 17 a 20 referem-se ao texto a seguir.
STARSHOT PROJECT: STEPHEN
HAWKING AND MARK ZUCKERBERG LAUNCH
MOST AMBITIOUS ALIEN-FINDING PROJECT EVER
Tiny rockets are going to be sent into space to study the far universe in the
most ambitious space exploration project in history.
Scientists including Stephen Hawking and backers such as internet investor Yuri
Milner and Mark Zuckerberg will send ―nano craft‖ deep into
space to explore the most remote regions that humans have ever seen, by far.
The hugely ambitious project could reveal deep secrets of the universe and will
allow people to photograph one of the most likely places to hold life on
other worlds.
Professor Hawking said at the event: "What makes us unique is transcending
our limits. Gravity pins us to the ground, but I just flew to America.
"How do we transcend these limits? With our minds and our machines.
"The limit that confronts us now is the great void between us and the
stars. But now we can transcend it, with light beams, light sails, and the
lightest spacecraft ever built. Today we commit to this next great leap into
the cosmos, because we are human and our nature is to fly."
The Starshot Project hopes to get the tiny robots out to the Alpha Centauri
star system, 25 trillion miles away.
Getting there through normal means would take 30,000 years – but the new
project hopes that using the tiny rockets will allow them to get there in
just 20.
Scientists think that the Alpha Centauri system might well have an Earth-like
planet that could be found in its "habitable zones". The craft will
be able to take pictures of those – a potential way that they might find life
on other worlds.
The crafts will be "gram-scale nano craft", according to Yuri Milner,
which will make their way through space using a "sail pushed by a
light beam". Their design will allow them to fly at 25 per cent of light
speed.
Those craft will be able to send back images of
possible planets and other scientific data, according to the scientists
behind it.
"The human story is one of great leaps,"Dr Milner said. Today we are
preparing for the next great leap to the stars.
"Can we literally reach the stars, and can we
do it in our lifetime?"
The tiny rockets are made up of computers that can be mounted to a tiny
"wafer". Shrinking computer components mean that all of the
necessary parts – cameras, thrusters, power supply and
navigation equipment – can all be mounted on a tiny plate that will be a
fully functional space probe.
Before those are built, the project will have to create all of the important
parts on the ground. That includes the construction of a light-beamer that
can power the rockets and a ―mothership‖ that will be
able to carry them all out
into space and launch them.
Because of economies of scale and the decreasing price of computer components,
the team will eventually be able to send out the rockets for just a few
hundred thousand dollars, they said.
Fonte:http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/starshot-project-stephen-hawking-and-mark-zuckerberg-to-send-tiny-rockets-to-alpha-centauriin-most-a6981101.html (acesso
em 03/05/2016).
17 – (ITA/SP-2017)
De acordo com o texto, o principal objetivo do Projeto Starshot Ă©
(A) enviar robĂŽs minĂșsculos para encontrar e investigar vida alienĂgena
inteligente em galĂĄxias distantes.
(B) encontrar planetas semelhantes Ă Terra, para os quais humanos devam ser
transportados dentro de vinte anos.
(C) enviar "nanofoguetes" para a galĂĄxia mais distante do sistema
solar, aonde nenhum ser humano seria capaz de chegar.
(D) enviar foguetes minĂșsculos ao sistema estelar Alfa Centauri a fim de obter
imagens de seus planetas e outros dados cientĂficos.
(E) alterar as leis da gravidade e transcender os limites da ciĂȘncia atual com
nossas mentes e mĂĄquinas de forma nunca antes imaginada.
18 – (ITA/SP-2017)
De acordo com o texto, Ă© correto afirmar que
(A) os "nanofoguetes" percorrerão o trajeto em um centésimo do tempo
que uma espaçonave comum faria.
(B) Ă© esperado que os "nanofoguetes" cheguem ao sistema estelar Alfa
Centauri em apenas duas décadas.
(C) o sistema Alfa Centauri se encontra a 25 trilhÔes de quilÎmetros de
distĂąncia da Terra.
(D) o Projeto Starshot levarĂĄ robĂŽs minĂșsculos ao sistema estelar Alfa Centauri
em 30.000 anos.
(E) a "nave-mãe" navegarå a 25% da velocidade da luz até o sistema
Alfa Centauri.
19 – (ITA/SP-2017)
Quanto à execução do Projeto Starshot, o texto afirma que
(A) os "nanofoguetes" serĂŁo constituĂdos por circuitos e baterias
autocarregĂĄveis, a fim de facilitar o arquivamento dos dados.
(B) a Ășltima etapa para a criação dos "nanofoguetes" serĂĄ definir o
tamanho da nave-mĂŁe e de todos os seus componentes.
(C) as cĂąmeras, os propulsores, as fontes de energia e os equipamentos de
navegação foram desenvolvidos em um projeto anterior.
(D) os investidores em componentes para computadores comercializarĂŁo os
"nanofoguetes" a fim de lucrar centenas de milhares de dĂłlares.
(E) a economia de escala Ă© um dos fatores que poderĂĄ permitir o envio dos
"nanofoguetes" ao espaço por algumas centenas de milhares de
dĂłlares.
20 – (ITA/SP-2017)
Na frase
"But now we can transcend it, with light beams, light sails, and the lightest spacecraft ever built." (linhas 10 e 11),
Ă© correto afirmar que
(A) o adjetivo light Ă© usado duas vezes no grau normal e uma no comparativo.
(B) a palavra light significa luz e tem função de agente dos verbos beam
e sail.
(C) the
lightest significa a mais leve e estĂĄ flexionada no grau superlativo.
(D) somente nas duas primeiras ocorrĂȘncias, o significado de light
Ă© leve.
(E) as trĂȘs ocorrĂȘncias da palavra light tĂȘm o mesmo significado.
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