UECE–2014.1–VESTIBULAR–2ª FASE–

www.inglesparaconcursos.blog.br

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:

• UECE-2014.1-VESTIBULAR-2ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-08/12/13.

 

www.cev.uece.br

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

• 20 MCQs (Multiple Choice Question) / 4 Options Each Question.

• Texto – | A Blunt Chief Justice Unafraid to Upset Brazil's Status Quo | www.nytimes.com |

PROVA, TRADUÇÃO, GABARITO & MUITO VOCABULÁRIO

❑ FONTE DO TEXTO:

* The New York Times é um jornal diário estadunidense. A versão impressa do jornal tem a segunda maior circulação, atrás do The Wall Street Journal. Apelidado de "The Lady Gray", o New York Times há muito tempo tem sido considerado um "jornal de referência" nacional. 

❑ TEXTO:

❑ GABARITO:

01-D, 02-A, 03-B, 04-B, 05-C

06-D, 07-A, 08-D, 09-C, 10-D

11-B, 12-D, 13-C, 14-C, 15-A

16-C, 17-B, 18-B, 19-C, 20-B

❑ TRADUÇÃO - TEXT:

BRASÍLIA — Brazil’s highest court has long viewed itself as a bastion of manners and formality. Justices call one another “Your Excellency,” dress in billowing robes and wrap each utterance in grandiloquence, as if little had changed from the era when marquises and dukes held sway from their vast plantations.

BRASÍLIA - O mais alto tribunal do Brasil há muito se vê como um bastião de boas maneiras e formalidade. Os juízes chamam uns aos outros de “Sua Excelência”, vestem túnicas esvoaçantes e envolvem cada declaração em grandiloquência, como se pouco tivesse mudado desde a época em que marqueses e duques dominavam suas vastas plantações.

In one televised feud, Mr. Barbosa questioned another justice about whether he would even be on the court had he not been appointed by his cousin, a former president impeached in 1992.

Em uma disputa televisionada, Barbosa questionou outro juiz sobre se ele estaria na corte se não tivesse sido nomeado por seu primo, um ex-presidente cassado em 1992.

With another justice, Mr. Barbosa rebuked him over what the chief justice considered his condescending tone, telling him he was not his “capanga,” a term describing a hired thug.

Com outro ministro, Barbosa o repreendeu pelo que o presidente considerou seu tom condescendente, dizendo que ele não era seu “capanga”, termo que descreve um bandido contratado.

In one of his most scathing comments, Mr. Barbosa, the high court’s first and only black justice, took on the entire legal system of Brazil — where it is still remarkably rare for politicians to ever spend time in prison, even after being convicted of crimes — contending that the mentality of judges was “conservative, pro-status-quo and pro-impunity.”

Em um de seus comentários mais contundentes, Barbosa, o primeiro e único juiz negro do Supremo Tribunal, assumiu todo o sistema jurídico do Brasil - onde ainda é notavelmente raro que políticos passem algum tempo na prisão, mesmo depois de condenados por crimes - alegando que a mentalidade dos juízes era “conservadora, pró-status quo e pró-impunidade”.

“I have a temperament that doesn’t adapt well to politics,” Mr. Barbosa, 58, said in a recent interview in his quarters here in the Supreme Federal Tribunal, a modernist landmark designed by the architect Oscar Niemeyer. “It’s because I speak my mind so much.”

“Tenho um temperamento que não se adapta bem à política”, disse Barbosa, 58 anos, em entrevista recente em seus aposentos aqui no Supremo Tribunal Federal, um marco modernista projetado pelo arquiteto Oscar Niemeyer. “É porque eu falo muito o que penso.”

His acknowledged lack of tact notwithstanding, he is the driving force behind a series of socially liberal and establishment-shaking rulings, turning Brazil’s highest court — and him in particular — into a newfound political power and the subject of popular fascination.

Apesar de sua reconhecida falta de tato, ele é a força motriz por trás de uma série de decisões socialmente liberais e que abalam o establishment, transformando a mais alta corte do Brasil – e ele em particular – em um poder político recém-descoberto e objeto de fascínio popular.

The court’s recent rulings include a unanimous decision upholding the University of Brasília’s admissions policies aimed at increasing the number of black and indigenous students, opening the way for one of the Western Hemisphere’s most sweeping affirmative action laws for higher education.

As recentes decisões do tribunal incluem uma decisão unânime em manter as políticas de admissão da Universidade de Brasília destinadas a aumentar o número de estudantes negros e indígenas, abrindo caminho para uma das leis de ação afirmativa mais abrangentes do Hemisfério Ocidental para o ensino superior.

In another move, Mr. Barbosa used his sway as chief justice and president of the panel overseeing Brazil’s judiciary to effectively legalize same-sex marriage across the country.

Em outro movimento, o Sr. Barbosa usou sua influência como chefe de justiça e presidente do painel que supervisiona o judiciário do Brasil para efetivamente legalizar o casamento entre pessoas do mesmo sexo em todo o país.

And in an anticorruption crusade, he is overseeing the precedent-setting trial of senior political figures in the governing Workers Party for their roles in a vast vote-buying scheme.

E em uma cruzada anticorrupção, ele está supervisionando o julgamento de figuras políticas importantes no governo do Partido dos Trabalhadores por seus papéis em um vasto esquema de compra de votos.

Ascending to Brazil’s high court, much less pushing the institution to assert its independence, long seemed out of reach for Mr. Barbosa, the eldest of eight children raised in Paracatu, an impoverished city in Minas Gerais State, where his father worked as a bricklayer.

Ascender ao Supremo Tribunal Federal, muito menos pressionar a instituição a reivindicar sua independência, parecia por muito tempo fora do alcance de Barbosa, o mais velho de oito filhos criados em Paracatu, uma cidade empobrecida no estado de Minas Gerais, onde seu pai trabalhava como pedreiro.

But his prominence — not just on the court, but in the streets as well — is so well established that masks with his face were sold for Carnival, amateur musicians have composed songs about his handling of the corruption trial and posted them on YouTube, and demonstrators during the huge street protests that shook the nation this year told pollsters that Mr. Barbosa was one of their top choices for president in next year’s elections.

Mas sua proeminência - não só na quadra, mas também nas ruas - está tão bem estabelecida que máscaras com seu rosto foram vendidas para o carnaval, músicos amadores compuseram canções sobre como lidou com o julgamento por corrupção e as postaram no YouTube, e manifestantes durante os grandes protestos de rua que abalaram o país este ano disseram aos pesquisadores que Barbosa era uma de suas principais escolhas para presidente nas eleições do ano que vem.

While the protests have subsided since their height in June, the political tumult they set off persists. The race for president, once considered a shoo-in for the incumbent, Dilma Rousseff, is now up in the air, with Mr. Barbosa — who is now so much in the public eye that gossip columnists are following his romance with a woman in her 20s — repeatedly saying he will not run. “I’m not a candidate for anything,” he says.

Embora os protestos tenham diminuído desde o seu auge em Junho, o tumulto político que desencadearam persiste. A corrida para presidente, antes considerada um shoo-in para o titular, Dilma Rousseff, agora está no ar, com o Sr. Barbosa - que agora está tanto nos olhos do público que os colunistas de fofocas estão acompanhando seu romance com uma mulher em seus 20 anos - repetidamente dizendo que não vai concorrer. “Não sou candidato a nada”, diz ele.

But the same public glare that has turned him into a celebrity has singed him as well. While he has won widespread admiration for his guidance of the high court, Mr. Barbosa, like almost every other prominent political figure in Brazil, has recently come under scrutiny. And for someone accustomed to criticizing the so-called supersalaries awarded to some members of Brazil’s legal system, the revelations have put Mr. Barbosa on the defensive.

Mas o mesmo brilho público que o transformou em uma celebridade também o cansou. Embora tenha conquistado ampla admiração por sua liderança no tribunal superior, Barbosa, como quase todas as outras figuras políticas proeminentes no Brasil, recentemente foi alvo de escrutínio. E para alguém acostumado a criticar os chamados supersalários concedidos a alguns membros do sistema jurídico brasileiro, as revelações colocaram Barbosa na defensiva.

One report in the Brazilian news media described how he received about $180,000 in payments for untaken leaves of absence during his 19 years as a public prosecutor. (Such payments are common in some areas of Brazil’s large public bureaucracy.)

Uma reportagem da mídia brasileira descreveu como ele recebeu cerca de US$ 180.000 em pagamentos por licenças não usufruídas durante seus 19 anos como promotor público. (Esses pagamentos são comuns em algumas áreas da grande burocracia pública do Brasil.)

Another noted that he bought an apartment in Miami through a limited liability company, suggesting an effort to pay less taxes on the property. In statements, Mr. Barbosa contends that he has done nothing wrong.

Outro observou que comprou um apartamento em Miami por meio de uma sociedade limitada, sugerindo um esforço para pagar menos impostos sobre a propriedade. Em declarações, o Sr. Barbosa afirma que não fez nada de errado.

In a country where a majority of people now define themselves as black or of mixed race — but where blacks remain remarkably rare in the highest echelons of political institutions and corporations — Mr. Barbosa’s trajectory and abrupt manner have elicited both widespread admiration and a fair amount of resistance.

Em um país onde a maioria das pessoas agora se define como negra ou mestiça - mas onde os negros permanecem extraordinariamente raros nos mais altos escalões das instituições políticas e corporações - a trajetória de Barbosa e seus modos bruscos suscitaram tanto a admiração generalizada quanto uma boa dose de de resistência.

As a teenager, Mr. Barbosa moved to the capital, Brasília, finding work as a janitor in a courtroom. Against the odds, he got into the University of Brasília, the only black student in its law program at the time.

Quando adolescente, o Sr. Barbosa mudou-se para a capital, Brasília, trabalhando como zelador em um tribunal. Contra todas as probabilidades, ele entrou na Universidade de Brasília, o único aluno negro do curso de Direito na época.

Wanting to see the world, he later won admission into Brazil’s diplomatic service, which promptly sent him to Helsinki, the Finnish capital on the shore of the Baltic Sea.

Querendo conhecer o mundo, mais tarde foi admitido no serviço diplomático do Brasil, que prontamente o encaminhou para Helsinque, a capital finlandesa às margens do mar Báltico.

Sensing that he would not advance much in the diplomatic service, which he has called “one of the most discriminatory institutions of Brazil,” Mr. Barbosa opted for a career as a prosecutor.

Pressentindo que não iria avançar muito no serviço diplomático, que chamou de “uma das instituições mais discriminatórias do Brasil”, Barbosa optou pela carreira de promotor.

He alternated between legal investigations in Brazil and studies abroad, gaining fluency in English, French and German, and earning a doctorate in law at Pantheon-Assas University in Paris.

Ele alternou entre investigações jurídicas no Brasil e estudos no exterior, ganhando fluência em inglês, francês e alemão, e doutorando-se em direito pela Universidade Pantheon-Assas, em Paris.

Fascinated by the legal systems of other countries, Mr. Barbosa wrote a book on affirmative action in the United States.

Fascinado pelos sistemas jurídicos de outros países, Barbosa escreveu um livro sobre ação afirmativa nos Estados Unidos.

He still voices his admiration for figures like Thurgood Marshall, the first black Supreme Court justice in the United States, and William J. Brennan Jr., who for years embodied the court’s liberal vision, clearly drawing inspiration from them as he pushed Brazil’s high court toward socially liberal rulings.

Ele ainda expressa sua admiração por figuras como Thurgood Marshall, o primeiro juiz negro da Suprema Corte dos Estados Unidos, e William J. Brennan Jr., que durante anos incorporou a visão liberal do tribunal, claramente inspirando-se neles enquanto pressionava o tribunal superior do Brasil. em direção a decisões socialmente liberais.

Still, no decision has thrust Mr. Barbosa into Brazil’s public imagination as much as his handling of the trial of political operatives, legislators and bankers found guilty in a labyrinthine corruption scandal called the mensalão, or big monthly allowance, after the regular payments made to lawmakers in exchange for their votes.

Ainda assim, nenhuma decisão colocou Barbosa na imaginação pública do Brasil tanto quanto a maneira como lidou com o julgamento de agentes políticos, legisladores e banqueiros considerados culpados em um escândalo labiríntico de corrupção chamado mensalão, ou grande subsídio mensal, após os pagamentos regulares feitos a legisladores em troca de seus votos.

Last November, at Mr. Barbosa’s urging, the high court sentenced some of the most powerful figures in the governing Workers Party to years in prison for their crimes in the scheme, including bribery and unlawful conspiracy, jolting a political system in which impunity for politicians has been the norm.

Em novembro passado, a pedido de Barbosa, o tribunal superior condenou algumas das figuras mais poderosas do Partido dos Trabalhadores a anos de prisão por seus crimes no esquema, incluindo suborno e conspiração ilegal, abalando um sistema político no qual a impunidade para os políticos tem sido a norma.

Now the mensalão trial is entering what could be its final phases, and Mr. Barbosa has at times been visibly exasperated that defendants who have already been found guilty and sentenced have managed to avoid hard jail time.

Agora o julgamento do mensalão está entrando no que poderia ser sua fase final, e o Sr. Barbosa às vezes fica visivelmente exasperado com o fato de réus que já foram considerados culpados e sentenciados terem conseguido evitar duras penas de prisão.

He has clashed with other justices over their consideration of a rare legal procedure in which appeals over close votes at the high court are examined.

Ele entrou em conflito com outros juízes sobre a consideração de um procedimento legal raro em que são examinados recursos sobre votos apertados no tribunal superior.

Losing his patience with one prominent justice, Ricardo Lewandowski, who tried to absolve some defendants of certain crimes, Mr. Barbosa publicly accused him this month of “chicanery” by using legalese to prop up certain positions. 

Perdendo a paciência com um juiz proeminente, Ricardo Lewandowski, que tentou absolver alguns réus de certos crimes, Barbosa acusou-o publicamente este mês de “chicanaria”, ao usar o jargão jurídico para sustentar certas posições.

An outcry ensued among some who could not stomach Mr. Barbosa’s talking to a fellow justice like that. “Who does Justice Joaquim Barbosa think he is?” asked Ricardo Noblat, a columnist for the newspaper O Globo, questioning whether Mr. Barbosa was qualified to preside over the court. “What powers does he think he has just because he’s sitting in the chair of the chief justice of the Supreme Federal Tribunal?”

Seguiu-se um clamor entre alguns que não suportavam a conversa do Sr. Barbosa com um colega de justiça como aquele. “Quem o ministro Joaquim Barbosa pensa que é?” perguntou Ricardo Noblat, colunista do jornal O Globo, questionando se o Sr. Barbosa estava qualificado para presidir o tribunal. “Que poderes ele pensa que tem só porque está na cadeira de presidente do Supremo Tribunal Federal?”

Mr. Barbosa did not apologize. In the interview, he said some tension was necessary for the court to function properly. “It was always like this,” he said, contending that arguments are now just easier to see because the court’s proceedings are televised.

O Sr. Barbosa não se desculpou. Na entrevista, ele disse que alguma tensão era necessária para que o tribunal funcionasse adequadamente. “Sempre foi assim”, disse ele, argumentando que os argumentos agora são mais fáceis de ver porque os procedimentos do tribunal são televisionados.

Linking the court’s work to the recent wave of protests, he explained that he strongly disagreed with the violence of some demonstrators, but he also said he believed that the street movements were “a sign of democracy’s exuberance.”

Vinculando o trabalho do tribunal à recente onda de protestos, ele explicou que discordava veementemente da violência de alguns manifestantes, mas também disse acreditar que os movimentos de rua eram “um sinal da exuberância da democracia”.

“People don’t want to passively stand by and observe these arrangements of the elite, which were always the Brazilian tradition,” he said.

“As pessoas não querem ficar passivamente observando esses arranjos da elite, que sempre foram a tradição brasileira”, disse.

01 – (UECE-2014/1-2ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-VESTIBULAR)

When Mr. Barbosa was a teenager, he was employed as a

A) legislator in Salvador.

B) bricklayer in Brasília.

C) public prosecutor.

D) janitor in a courtroom.

02 – (UECE-2014/1-2ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-VESTIBULAR)

According to the text, Mr. Barbosa’s eminence could truly be seen when

A) his face appeared in Carnival masks.

B) he was interviewed by CNN International.

C) he appeared in the middle of street protests in Brasília.

D) the media spread his affair with a young woman.

03 – (UECE-2014/1-2ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-VESTIBULAR)

One of the Chief Justice’s positive actions the text mentions was

A) allowing amateur musicians to join an orchestra in Minas Gerais.

B) helping to legalize same-sex marriage all over Brazil.

C) pushing the country’s high court to assert its independence.

D) building a public school in the impoverished city of Paracatu.

04 – (UECE-2014/1-2ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-VESTIBULAR)

One criticism made by Mr. Barbosa was that judges’ mentality in Brazil, besides being prostatus quo, was also

A) against some rulings that could benefit indigenous people.

B) old-fashioned and in favor of impunity.

C) not in favor of allowing the admission of black students in Brasília’s colleges.

D) in favor of capital punishment.

05 – (UECE-2014/1-2ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-VESTIBULAR)

Speaking with journalists recently, the Chief Justice explained the reason why

A) justices must dress in billowing robes.

B) he is uncomfortable with the media attention.

C) he couldn’t fit into politics.

D) impunity should no longer exist in the country.

06 – (UECE-2014/1-2ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-VESTIBULAR)

One of the reasons Mr. Barbosa got very irritated was the fact that some of the mensalão defendants

A) accused him of chicanery.

B) have never paid taxes.

C) still receive their huge salaries.

D) were able to shun long time in prison.

07 – (UECE-2014/1-2ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-VESTIBULAR)

Despite his rude manner, Mr. Barbosa is praised for some important rulings, like helping to

A) augment the number of black and indigenous students in universities.

B) oversee former trials of political figures in Democratic Party.

C) establish strong rulings against child labor.

D) organize street movements.

08 – (UECE-2014/1-2ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-VESTIBULAR)

The Brazilian tradition, according to Mr. Barbosa, refers to a period of time in Brazil when

A) vote-buying schemes did not occur in our political system.

B) politicians did spend time in jail.

C) admission policies increased the number of black students in colleges.

D) people stood by in a passive way and watched the elite’s arrangements.

09 – (UECE-2014/1-2ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-VESTIBULAR)

Besides being the subject of public fascination for his crusade against corruption, the Chief Justice is also known for

A) participating in the recent wave of protests.

B) keeping his cool with his fellow justices.

C) promoting socially liberal rulings.

D) helping to impeach a former president.

10 – (UECE-2014/1-2ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-VESTIBULAR)

The sentences

“he explained that he strongly disagreed with the violence of some demonstrators,”

“In one of his most scathing comments, Mr. Barbosa, the high court’s first and only black justice, took on the entire legal system of Brazil […] contending that the mentality of judges was ‘conservative, pro-status-quo and pro-impunity,’ ”

and

“In the interview, he said some tension was necessary for the court to function properly”

contain, respectively, a/an

A) noun clause, a noun clause, and an adjective clause.

B) adjective clause, a noun clause, and an adverb clause.

C) adverb clause, an adjective clause, and a noun clause.

D) noun clause, a noun clause, and a noun clause.

• ANSWER (A)

- In the 1st sentence, "he explained that he strongly disagreed with the violence of some demonstrators,”(ele explicou QUE discordava veementemente da violência de alguns manifestantes), we have a subordinate clause started by THAT, which indicates a NOUN CLAUSE.

- In the 2nd sentence "In one of his most scathing comments, Mr. Barbosa, the high court’s first and only black justice, took on the entire legal system of Brazil […] contending that the mentality of judges was ‘conservative, pro-status-quo and pro-impunity"(Em um de seus comentários mais contundentes, o Sr. Barbosa, o primeiro e único juiz negro do tribunal superior, assumiu todo o sistema jurídico do Brasil [...] alegando QUE a mentalidade dos juízes era 'conservadora, pró-status-quo e pró -impunidade)", we have a subordinate clause started by THAT, which indicates a NOUN CLAUSE.

- In the 3rd sentence "In the interview, he said some tension was necessary for the court to function properly"(Na entrevista, ele disse QUE alguma tensão era necessária para o bom funcionamento do tribunal), we have a subordinate clause that in this case, could be started by a THAT, which indicates a NOUN CLAUSE.

11 – (UECE-2014/1-2ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-VESTIBULAR)

The sentences

“Last November, at Mr. Barbosa’s urging, the high court sentenced some of the most powerful figures in the governing Workers Party to years in prison for their crimes in the scheme”

and

“Mr. Barbosa wrote a book on affirmative action in the United States”

contain, respectively, a/an

A) direct object and an indirect object.

B) direct object and a direct object.

C) object noun clause and a direct object.

D) direct object and an object noun clause.

12 – (UECE-2014/1-2ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-VESTIBULAR)

In the sentences

“He still voices his admiration for figures like Thurgood Marshall, the first black Supreme Court justice in the United States, and William J. Brennan Jr., who for years embodied the court’s liberal vision,”

“he later won admission into Brazil’s diplomatic service, which promptly sent him to Helsinki,”

and

“But the same public glare that has turned him into a celebrity has singed him as well,”

the relative clauses in each one are, respectively, classified as

A) defining, non-defining, and defining.

B) non-defining, defining, and non-defining.

C) defining, non-defining, and non-defining.

D) non-defining, non-defining, and defining.

13 – (UECE-2014/1-2ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-VESTIBULAR)

The sentences

“he is the driving force behind a series of socially liberal and establishmentshaking rulings”

and

“Mr. Barbosa was one of their top choices for president in next year’s elections”

contain, respectively, a/an

A) subject noun clause and a subject complement.

B) object complement and an object complement.

C) subject complement and a subject complement.

D) subject complement and subject noun clause.

14 – (UECE-2014/1-2ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-VESTIBULAR)

The sentences

“I have a temperament that doesn’t adapt well to politics”

and

“I’m not a candidate for anything”

are, respectively,

A) simple and compound.

B) compound and simple.

C) complex and simple.

D) simple and simple.

15 – (UECE-2014/1-2ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-VESTIBULAR)

The sentence

“They are televising the court’s proceedings”

in the passive becomes

A) The court’s proceedings are being televised.

B) The court’s proceedings can be televised.

C) The court’s proceedings are been televised.

D) The court’s proceedings are to be televised.

16 – (UECE-2014/1-2ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-VESTIBULAR)

In the sentences

“Mr. Barbosa took on the entire legal system,”

“he is overseeing the precedent-setting trial,”

and

“Mr. Barbosa has at times been exasperated,”

the verbs are, respectively, in the

A) simple present, present perfect, and present continuous.

B) past perfect, simple present, and present perfect.

C) simple past, present continuous, and present perfect.

D) simple past, present perfect, and present continuous.

17 – (UECE-2014/1-2ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-VESTIBULAR)

In the phrases

“his condescending tone,”

“contending that arguments,”

and

“the court’s proceedings,”

the –ING words function, respectively, as:

A) verb, verb, verb.

B) adjective, verb, noun.

C) verb, noun, adjective.

D) adjective, noun, noun.

18 – (UECE-2014/1-2ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-VESTIBULAR)

The expression

“Not just on the court, but in the streets as well”

can be correctly rewritten as

A) not just on the court, but so in the streets.

B) not only on the court, but also in the streets.

C) not just on the court, too in the streets.

D) not only on the court, but too in the streets.

19 – (UECE-2014/1-2ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-VESTIBULAR)

In the sentence

“Wanting to see the world, he later won admission into Brazil’s diplomatic service,”

the underlined phrase can be correctly rewritten as

A) want to seeing the world.

B) wanted to see the world.

C) because he wanted to see the world.

D) because he wanted seeing the world.

20 – (UECE-2014/1-2ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-VESTIBULAR)

In the sentence

“A political system in which impunity in politics has been the norm,”

the verb phrase in the future perfect tense becomes

A) would have been.

B) will have been.

C) will have being.

D) will been being.