BLOG "INGLÊS dos Vestibulares & Concursos Públicos" - Banco de Questões - 50000.: ESCOLA NAVAL/CPAEN/2022 – LÍNGUA INGLESA – ESCOLA NAVAL

www.inglesparaconcursos.blog.br

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:

• ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN/2022-LÍNGUA INGLESA

www.ingressonamarinha.mar.mil.br

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

• 18 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 5 Options Each Question.

• Texto (1) – | What lt's Like to Live in the Jungle for a Month | fieldmuseum.org |

• Texto (2) – | Brazilian Navy releases new 20-year plan | janes.com |

• Texto (3) – | Sleeping longer than 6.5 hours a night associated with cognitive decline according to research - what's really going on here? | https://theconversation.com |

❑ TEXTO 1: Read the text below and answer questions 23, 24 and 25.

What lt's Like to Live in the Jungle for a Month

December 10, 2018

Lesley de Souza (Keller Science Action Center)

Our team of Field Museum scientists - experts on fish, plants, amphibians, mammals, and more - traveled to Colombia to join regional and national scientists for a month, with the goal of going deep into the rainforest and documenting as much wildlife as possible. We've done several trips like this, called rapid inventories, in the Amazon basin, but this one felt especially important. We were exploring an area that no scientists had entered for over sixty years because of guerrillas.

Now we're able to venture into this region, but it is also exposed to threats. Deforestation is moving into this area at an alarming rate. With a focused mission, we explore the beautiful landscape and its many diverse critters while working and learning from the people who live there.

But getting into the rainforest - it's no easy feat! After taking a commercial airliner from Chicago, we made our way into the jungle by bush plane, upriver by boat, and lastly, on our own two feet. To get to one campsite, we hiked for a mile in a flooded creek, balancing on floating logs.

Each campsite is a little different, but it's always important to set up a kitchen and dining area! Typical meals include fish, rice, beans, plantains, and oatmeal repeat, repeat, repeat. A definite bonus of fieldwork life? Brewing fresh hot chocolate from local cacao in the jungle. Plus, lots of coffee keeps us going for long days (and late nights) of collecting and recording data.

You realize what a force nature is - especially during rainy season in the Amazon. That's why I prefer sleeping off the ground in a hammock. At one particular site, I woke up with water below me. The river had risen so much that it flooded the forest. But I also love the breeze being suspended in the air. I'm convinced you sleep better with the swaying...

Of course, we're here to work. That means finding, measuring, photographing, identifying, and in some cases, collecting specimens. I focus on Neotropical fish species, and I learn A LOT from talking to local people about fishes. It is an important part of their diet and the economy. Because they’re fishermen themselves, they have firsthand knowledge of things like fish behavior, where and when to find them, and how to catch them. It's such important information when trying to understand the landscape, people, and fishes for conservation.

At the end of each day, we have seen, collected and photographed so many specimens. But there is still more work to do at night - which means working by candlelight or putting on our headlamps. Some groups stay up until one in the morning, like the botany team pressing plants. The reptile & amphibian and fish teams go out for their night survey, and the mammal team sets up mist nets to catch bats! It's activity around the clock for a rapid inventory team.

At the end of the day, we may be exhausted, but it really is a privilege to set foot in these natural areas and learn from the local people and scientists. On this trip alone, we documented 750 species of plants and 686 species of vertebrates! And we estimate there are more than double these numbers in the area. The more we know about what lives in rich natural areas like the Amazon rainforest, the easier it is for us to work together to protect the landscapes where they live and the people who depend on them.

(Adapted from https://www.fieldmuseum.org/blog)

❑ TRADUÇÃO - TEXTO 1:

What lt's Like to Live in the Jungle for a Month

Como é viver na selva por um mês

Our team of Field Museum scientists - experts on fish, plants, amphibians, mammals, and more - traveled to Colombia to join regional and national scientists for a month, with the goal of going deep into the rainforest and documenting as much wildlife as possible. Nossa equipe de cientistas do Field Museum – especialistas em peixes, plantas, anfíbios, mamíferos e muito mais – viajou para a Colômbia para se juntar a cientistas regionais e nacionais durante um mês, com o objetivo de se aprofundar na floresta tropical e documentar o máximo possível de vida selvagem.

We've done several trips like this, called rapid inventories, in the Amazon basin, but this one felt especially important. Fizemos diversas viagens como esta, chamadas de inventários rápidos, na bacia amazônica, mas esta pareceu especialmente importante.

We were exploring an area that no scientists had entered for over sixty years because of guerrillas. Estávamos explorando uma área onde nenhum cientista entrava há mais de sessenta anos por causa da guerrilha.

Now we're able to venture into this region, but it is also exposed to threats. Agora podemos aventurar-nos nesta região, mas ela também está exposta a ameaças.

Deforestation is moving into this area at an alarming rate. O desmatamento está atingindo esta área a um ritmo alarmante.

With a focused mission, we explore the beautiful landscape and its many diverse critters while working and learning from the people who live there. Com uma missão focada, exploramos a bela paisagem e suas diversas criaturas enquanto trabalhamos e aprendemos com as pessoas que lá vivem.

But getting into the rainforest - it's no easy feat! Mas entrar na floresta tropical não é tarefa fácil!

After taking a commercial airliner from Chicago, we made our way into the jungle by bush plane, upriver by boat, and lastly, on our own two feet. Depois de pegar um avião comercial em Chicago, seguimos para a selva de avião, rio acima de barco e, por último, com nossos próprios pés.

To get to one campsite, we hiked for a mile in a flooded creek, balancing on floating logs. Para chegar a um acampamento, caminhamos quase uma milha em um riacho inundado, nos equilibrando em troncos flutuantes.

Each campsite is a little different, but it's always important to set up a kitchen and dining area! Cada acampamento é um pouco diferente, mas é sempre importante montar uma cozinha e área de jantar!

Typical meals include fish, rice, beans, plantains, and oatmeal repeat, repeat, repeat. As refeições típicas incluem peixe, arroz, feijão, banana e aveia, repita, repita, repita.

A definite bonus of fieldwork life? Um bônus definitivo da vida de trabalho de campo?

Brewing fresh hot chocolate from local cacao in the jungle. Preparando chocolate quente fresco com cacau local na selva.

Plus, lots of coffee keeps us going for long days (and late nights) of collecting and recording data. Além disso, muito café nos mantém em atividade por longos dias (e até tarde da noite) coletando e registrando dados.

You realize what a force nature is - especially during rainy season in the Amazon. Você percebe como a natureza é poderosa - especialmente durante a estação chuvosa na Amazônia.

That's why I prefer sleeping off the ground in a hammock. É por isso que prefiro dormir no chão, numa rede.

At one particular site, I woke up with water below me. Em um determinado local, acordei com água abaixo de mim.

The river had risen so much that it flooded the forest. O rio subiu tanto que inundou a floresta.

But I also love the breeze being suspended in the air. Mas também adoro a brisa suspensa no ar.

I'm convinced you sleep better with the swaying... Estou convencido de que você dorme melhor com o balanço...

Of course, we're here to work. Claro, estamos aqui para trabalhar.

That means finding, measuring, photographing, identifying, and in some cases, collecting specimens. Isso significa encontrar, medir, fotografar, identificar e, em alguns casos, coletar espécimes.

I focus on Neotropical fish species, and I learn A LOT from talking to local people about fishes. Eu me concentro nas espécies de peixes neotropicais e aprendo MUITO conversando com a população local sobre peixes.

It is an important part of their diet and the economy. É uma parte importante da sua dieta e da economia.

Because they’re fishermen themselves, they have firsthand knowledge of things like fish behavior, where and when to find them, and how to catch them. Por serem pescadores, eles têm conhecimento em primeira mão de coisas como o comportamento dos peixes, onde e quando encontrá-los e como capturá-los.

It's such important information when trying to understand the landscape, people, and fishes for conservation. São informações muito importantes quando se tenta entender a paisagem, as pessoas e os peixes para conservação.

At the end of each day, we have seen, collected and photographed so many specimens. No final de cada dia, vimos, recolhemos e fotografamos tantos exemplares.

But there is still more work to do at night - which means working by candlelight or putting on our headlamps. Mas ainda há mais trabalho a fazer à noite - o que significa trabalhar à luz de velas ou acender os faróis.

Some groups stay up until one in the morning, like the botany team pressing plants. Alguns grupos ficam acordados até uma da manhã, como a equipe de botânica prensando plantas.

The reptile & amphibian and fish teams go out for their night survey, and the mammal team sets up mist nets to catch bats! As equipes de répteis, anfíbios e peixes saem para a pesquisa noturna, e a equipe de mamíferos monta redes de neblina para capturar morcegos!

It's activity around the clock for a rapid inventory team. É uma atividade 24 horas por dia para uma equipe de inventário rápido.

At the end of the day, we may be exhausted, but it really is a privilege to set foot in these natural areas and learn from the local people and scientists. No final das contas, podemos estar exaustos, mas é realmente um privilégio pisar nestas áreas naturais e aprender com a população local e os cientistas.

On this trip alone, we documented 750 species of plants and 686 species of vertebrates! Só nesta viagem documentamos 750 espécies de plantas e 686 espécies de vertebrados!

And we estimate there are more than double these numbers in the area. E estimamos que haja mais que o dobro desses números na área.

The more we know about what lives in rich natural areas like the Amazon rainforest, the easier it is for us to work together to protect the landscapes where they live and the people who depend on them. Quanto mais soubermos sobre o que vive em áreas naturais ricas como a floresta amazônica, mais fácil será para nós trabalharmos juntos para proteger as paisagens onde vivem e as pessoas que delas dependem.

23 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN/2022)

The word "creek" in the sentence "To get to one campsite, we hiked for a mile in a flooded creek, balancing on floating logs." (parágrafo 3) means:

(A) small river.

(B) light breeze.

(D) arid desert.

(E) strong wind.

Comentários e Gabarito A
TÓPICO - VOCABULÁRIO:

A palavra "creek" (riacho) na sentença "To get to one campsite, we hiked for a mile in a flooded creek, balancing on floating logs."(Para chegar a um acampamento, caminhamos uma milha em um riacho inundado, equilibrando-nos em troncos flutuantes".) significa:

(A) small river. rio pequeno.

(B) light breeze. brisa leve.

(D) arid desert. deserto árido.

(E) strong wind. vento forte.

24 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN/2022)

The author does research on:

(A) amphibians.

(B) fish.

(D) plants.

(E) reptiles.

Comentários e Gabarito B
TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

O autor faz pesquisas sobre:

(A) amphibians. anfíbios.

(B) fish. peixe.

(D) plants. plantas.

(E) reptiles. répteis.

25 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN/2022)

Decide if the statements below are true (T) or false (F) according to the text.

Then choose the option that contains the correct sequence.

( ) The text is about a leisure trip.

( ) They spent more than twenty days in Colombia.

( ) Their journey into the fores! was hard.

( ) ln the fores!, lhe author sleeps better on lhe ground.

( ) They documented less than six hundred species of animais during the trip.

(A) (T) (F) (F) (T) (F)

(B) (F) (T) (T) (T) (T)

(D) (F) (T) (T) (F) (F)

(E) (T) (T) (F) (F) (T)

Comentários e Gabarito D
TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Decida se as afirmações abaixo são verdadeiras (V) ou falsas (F) de acordo com o texto.

Em seguida, escolha a opção que contém a sequência correta.

( F ) The text is about a leisure trip. O texto trata de uma viagem de lazer.

( T ) They spent more than twenty days in Colombia. Passaram mais de vinte dias na Colômbia.

( T ) Their journey into the forest was hard. A jornada deles para a floresta foi difícil.

( F ) ln the forest, the author sleeps better on lhe ground. Na floresta, o autor dorme melhor no chão.

( F ) They documented less than six hundred species of animais during the trip. Documentaram menos de seiscentas espécies de animais durante a viagem.

❑ TEXTO 2: Read the text below and answer question 26.

Brazilian Navy releases new 20-year plan

By Victor Barreira

The Plan, which was publicly released on 1 O September, calls for a host of other new measures to be implemented over the next 20 years. For example, lhe Navy wants to significantly increase research-anddevelopment (R&D) to develop shipboard systems such as communications, detection, navigation, and electronic warfare. The R&D increases are also meant to help boost lhe country's Defence Technological and Industrial Base (DTIB).

The document, which does no! describe exact schedules, also covers a range of modernisation projects that were previously planned or initiated, but no! yet effectively implemented or concluded. These include lhe acquisition of vessels (mine-hunting ships, escort ships, aircraft carriers, a logistics support ship, coastal and offshore patrol ships, Antarctic support ship, training ships, and survey ships), unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), fighter jets, and lightweight training and utility helicopters. ln addition, lhe Plan aims at lhe enlargement and modernisation of equipment used by lhe Marines Corps, lhe development of anti-ship missiles, and lhe, local construction of the country's first nuclear-powered submarine SN Álvaro Alberto.

Adapted from https://www.janes.com/

❑ TRADUÇÃO - TEXTO 2:

Brazilian Navy releases new 20-year plan

Marinha do Brasil divulga novo plano de 20 anos

By Victor Barreira

The Brazilian Navy is looking to acquire mediumsized general-purpose helicopters and attack, antisubmarine (ASW) and reconnaissance helicopters, according to lhe recently released Brazilian Navy lates! Strategic Plan (Plano Estratégico da Marinha 2040/PEM 2040). A Marinha do Brasil pretende adquirir helicópteros de médio porte de uso geral e helicópteros de ataque, anti-submarino (ASW) e de reconhecimento, de acordo com o relatório recentemente divulgado pela Marinha do Brasil! Plano Estratégico (Plano Estratégico da Marinha 2040/PEM 2040).

The Plan, which was publicly released on 1 O September, calls for a host of other new measures to be implemented over the next 20 years. O Plano, que foi divulgado publicamente no 1º de Setembro, prevê a implementação de uma série de outras novas medidas ao longo dos próximos 20 anos.

For example, lhe Navy wants to significantly increase research-anddevelopment (R&D) to develop shipboard systems such as communications, detection, navigation, and electronic warfare. Por exemplo, a Marinha pretende aumentar significativamente a investigação e desenvolvimento (I&D) para desenvolver sistemas de bordo, tais como comunicações, detecção, navegação e guerra eletrônica.

The R&D increases are also meant to help boost lhe country's Defence Technological and Industrial Base (DTIB). Os aumentos de P&D também visam ajudar a impulsionar a Base Tecnológica e Industrial de Defesa (BTIB) do país.

The Navy also wants to achieve a minimum of 65% of ships and aircraft operational availability, create a cyber-warfare squadron, and bolster its satellite ability to intercept maritime communications. A Marinha também quer atingir um mínimo de 65% de disponibilidade operacional de navios e aeronaves, criar um esquadrão de guerra cibernética e reforçar a sua capacidade de satélite para interceptar comunicações marítimas.

According to the Plan, lhe Navy is, now going to focus more heavily on operations in lhe Southern Atlantic Ocean, paying particular attention to threats such as piracy, illegal fishing, organised crime, urban conflicts, natural resources dispute, cyber warfare, terrorism, illegal access to knowledge, the pandemics, natural disasters, and environmental issues. De acordo com o Plano, a Marinha vai agora concentrar-se mais fortemente nas operações no Oceano Atlântico Sul, prestando especial atenção a ameaças como a pirataria, a pesca ilegal, o crime organizado, os conflitos urbanos, a disputa por recursos naturais, a guerra cibernética, o terrorismo, o acesso ilegal ao conhecimento, as pandemias, os desastres naturais e as questões ambientais.

The document, which does not describe exact schedules, also covers a range of modernisation projects that were previously planned or initiated, but not yet effectively implemented or concluded. O documento, que não descreve cronogramas exatos, abrange também uma série de projetos de modernização que foram previamente planejados ou iniciados, mas ainda não efetivamente implementados ou concluídos.

These include lhe acquisition of vessels (mine-hunting ships, escort ships, aircraft carriers, a logistics support ship, coastal and offshore patrol ships, Antarctic support ship, training ships, and survey ships), unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), fighter jets, and lightweight training and utility helicopters. Estes incluem a aquisição de embarcações (navios de caça às minas, navios de escolta, porta-aviões, um navio de apoio logístico, navios de patrulha costeira e offshore, navios de apoio à Antártica, navios de treinamento e navios de pesquisa), veículos aéreos não tripulados (UAVs), aviões de combate e helicópteros leves de treinamento e utilitários.

ln addition, The Plan aims at lhe enlargement and modernisation of equipment used by the Marines Corps, lhe development of anti-ship missiles, and lhe, local construction of the country's first nuclear-powered submarine SN Álvaro Alberto. Além disso, o Plano visa a ampliação e modernização dos equipamentos utilizados pelo Corpo de Fuzileiros Navais, o desenvolvimento de mísseis anti-navio e a construção local do primeiro submarino nuclear do país, o SN Álvaro Alberto.

26 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN/2022)

According to lhe text, which option is correct?

(A) The Navy has a new Strategic Plan that will start in 2040.

(B) The R&D that will be carried ou! is expected to have little impact on DTI B.

(D) The Plan contains a detailed calendar for lhe purchases and projects.

(E) The Plan includes projects that were once started but not finished.

Comentários e Gabarito E
TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

De acordo com o texto, qual opção está correta?

(A) The Navy has a new Strategic Plan that will start in 2040. A Marinha tem um novo Plano Estratégico que terá início em 2040.

(B) The R&D that will be carried ou! is expected to have little impact on DTI B. A P&D que será realizada! espera-se que tenha pouco impacto no DTI B.

(C) The Plan measures are restricted to activities that involve sea patrolling. As medidas do Plano restringem-se a atividades que envolvam patrulhamento marítimo.

(D) The Plan contains a detailed calendar for lhe purchases and projects. O Plano contém um calendário detalhado de compras e projetos.

(E) The Plan includes projects that were once started but not finished. O Plano inclui projetos que já foram iniciados mas não finalizado.

❑ TEXTO 3: Read the text below and answer questions 27 and 28.

Sleeping longer than 6.5 hours a night associated with cognitive decline according to research - what's really going on here?

Dormir mais de 6,5 horas por noite está associado ao declínio cognitivo, de acordo com pesquisas – o que realmente está acontecendo aqui?

November 5, 2021

5 de novembro de 2021

A good night's sleep is important for many reasons. Uma boa noite de sono é importante por vários motivos.

lt helps our body repair itself and function as it should, and is linked to better mental health and lower risk of many health conditions - including heart disease and diabetes. Ajuda o nosso corpo a reparar-se e a funcionar como deveria, e está ligado a uma melhor saúde mental e a um menor risco de muitas condições de saúde - incluindo doenças cardíacas e diabetes.

lt has also been shown that not getting enough sleep is linked to cognitive decline and conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. Também foi demonstrado que não dormir o suficiente está ligado ao declínio cognitivo e a condições como a doença de Alzheimer.

However, more is not always better, as one recent study found. No entanto, mais nem sempre é melhor, como descobriu um estudo recente.

Researchers from lhe Washington University School of Medicine have published a paper that indicates that just like getting too little sleep, sleeping too much may also be linked with cognitive decline. Pesquisadores da Escola de Medicina da Universidade de Washington publicaram um artigo que indica que, assim como dormir pouco, dormir demais também pode estar relacionado ao declínio cognitivo.

The research team wanted to know how much sleep was linked to cognitive impairment over time. A equipe de pesquisa queria saber quanto sono estava associado ao comprometimento cognitivo ao longo do tempo.

To do this, they looked at 100 older adults in their mid-to-late- 70s, and tracked them for between four and five years. Para fazer isso, analisaram 100 idosos com cerca de 70 anos e acompanharam-nos durante quatro a cinco anos.

At lhe time of their study, 88 people did not show any signs of dementia, while 12 showed signs of cognitive impairment ( one with mild de mentia and 11 with the pre-dementia stage of mild cognitiv.a. impairment). No momento do estudo, 88 pessoas não apresentavam quaisquer sinais de demência, enquanto 12 apresentavam sinais de comprometimento cognitivo (um com demência leve e 11 com estágio pré-demência de comprometimento cognitivo leve).

Throughout lhe study, participants were asked to complete a range of commonplace cognitive and neuropsychological tests to look for signs of cognitive decline or dementia. Ao longo do estudo, os participantes foram convidados a completar uma série de testes cognitivos e neuropsicológicos comuns para procurar sinais de declínio cognitivo ou demência.

Their scores from these tests were then combined into a single score, called the Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite (PACC) score. As pontuações desses testes foram então combinadas em uma única pontuação, chamada pontuação Pré-clínica Alzheimer Cognitive Composite (PACC).

The higher the score, the better their cognition was over time. Quanto maior a pontuação, melhor foi sua cognição ao longo do tempo.

Sleep was measured using a single-electrode encephalography (EEG) device, which participants wore on their forehead while sleeping, for a total of between four to six nights. O sono foi medido por meio de um aparelho de encefalografia de eletrodo único (EEG), que os participantes usaram na testa enquanto dormiam, por um total de quatro a seis noites.

This was dane once, three years after people first completed their annual cognitive tests. Isso foi feito uma vez, três anos depois que as pessoas completaram pela primeira vez os testes cognitivos anuais.

This EEG allowed the researchers · to accurately measure brain activity, which would tell !hem whether someone was asleep (and for how long), and how restful that sleep was. Este EEG permitiu aos investigadores medir com precisão a atividade cerebral, o que lhes diria se alguém estava a dormir (e durante quanto tempo) e quão reparador foi esse sono.

Sleep was only measured atone period during the study, but this still gave the research team a good indication of participants' normal sleep habits. O sono foi medido apenas em um período durante o estudo, mas isso ainda deu à equipe de pesquisa uma boa indicação dos hábitos normais de sono dos participantes

While using an EEG to measure brain activity may be somewhat disruptive to sleep on the first night, as people get used to the equipment, sleep tends to return to normal the following night. Embora o uso de um EEG para medir a atividade cerebral possa atrapalhar um pouco o sono na primeira noite, à medida que as pessoas se acostumam com o equipamento, o sono tende a voltar ao normal na noite seguinte.

This means that when sleep is tracked from the second night onwards, · it is a good representation of a person's normal sleep habits. Isto significa que quando o sono é monitorizado a partir da segunda noite, · é uma boa representação dos hábitos normais de sono de uma pessoa.

The researchers also took into account other factors that can affect cognitive decline - including age, genetics and whether a person had signs of lhe protein beta-amyloid or tau, which are both linked to dementia. Os investigadores também levaram em consideração outros factores que podem afectar o declínio cognitivo – incluindo idade, genética e se uma pessoa tinha sinais da proteína beta-amilóide ou tau, ambos ligados à demência.

Overall, lhe researchers found that sleeping less than 4.5 hours and more than 6.5 hours a night - alongside poor quality sleep - was associated with cognitive decline over time. No geral, os investigadores descobriram que dormir menos de 4,5 horas e mais de 6,5 horas por noite – juntamente com um sono de má qualidade – estava associado ao declínio cognitivo ao longo do tempo.

lnterestingly, the impact of sleep duration on cognitive function was similar to lhe effect of age, which is lhe greatest risk factor for developing cognitive decline. Curiosamente, o impacto da duração do sono na função cognitiva foi semelhante ao efeito da idade, que é o maior fator de risco para o desenvolvimento do declínio cognitivo.

Adapted from https://theconversation.com/

27 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN/2022)

Decide if the statements below are true (T) or false (F) according to lhe text. Then choose lhe option that contains lhe correct sequence.

( ) The study aimed at finding out how much sleep in a year could cause dementia.

( ) People who were 70 years old were not included in lhe group of 100 older adults.

( ) Less than 15% of lhe subjects already had some levei of cognitive decline.

( ) Cognition tests were administered before lhe subjects' sleep patterns were tracked.

( ) The team concluded that lhe amount and the quality of sleep are linked to cognition.

(A) (T) (T) (T) (T) (F)

(B) (F) (T) (F) (F) (T)

(D) (F) (F) (T) (T) (F)

(E) (T) (F) (F) (T) (F)

Comentários e Gabarito C
TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Decida se as afirmações abaixo são verdadeiras (V) ou falsas (F) de acordo com o texto. Em seguida, escolha a opção que contém a sequência correta.

( F ) The study aimed at finding out how much sleep in a year could cause dementia. O estudo teve como objetivo descobrir quanto sono em um ano pode causar demência.

( T ) People who were 70 years old were not included in lhe group of 100 older adults. Pessoas com 70 anos não foram incluídas no grupo de 100 idosos.

( T ) Less than 15% of lhe subjects already had some levei of cognitive decline. Menos de 15% dos sujeitos já apresentavam algum nível de declínio cognitivo.

( T ) Cognition tests were administered before lhe subjects' sleep patterns were tracked. Testes de cognição foram aplicados antes do monitoramento dos padrões de sono dos sujeitos.

( T ) The team concluded that lhe amount and the quality of sleep are linked to cognition. A equipe concluiu que a quantidade e a qualidade do sono estão ligadas à cognição.

28 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN/2022)

What element does the pronoun "which" reter to in lhe sentence

"lnterestingly, the impact of sleep duration on cognitive function was similar to lhe effect of age, which is the greatest risk factor for developing cognitive decline."?

(A) lnterestingly.

(B) lmpact.

(D) Cognitive function.

(E) Age.

Comentários e Gabarito E
TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

29 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN/2022)

Read the paragraph below. Complete lhe sentences with a, an, lhe or ∅ (no article).

Not everyone is cut out for traveling or being away from ___ home for ___ long period of time, and that's perfectly fine! As someone with ___ younger brother still in high school, 1 personally chose to attend college ai ___ university ___ hour away from my hometown.

(Adapted from https://www.collegeraptor.com/)

Now mark the option that completes lhe paragraph correctly.

(A) ∅ / a / a / an / a

(B) lhe / a / an / a / a

(D) a / ∅ / an / the / a

(E) the / a / a / an / an

Comentários e Gabarito X
TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

30 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN/2022)

Mark the option that completes lhe text below correctly.

Bill Gregg never suspected that he would solve a 67-year-old mystery when he began digging a place for a pool. li was lhe middle of July when he started lhe excavation. He found a ring and sei out to locate its owner.

"I can't believe that he took lhe time to find me," said Mrs. Gardner, who is 85 years old.

Having already planned a trip back to lhe area to meet Gregg, Mrs. Gardner _______ lhe ring in person.

(Adapted from https://www.sharonherald.com)

(A) said him wants to give herself

(B) told that she wanted he gave her

(D) said that she wanted he to give hers

(E) told him she wants him to give hers

Comentários e Gabarito C
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31 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN/2022)

Choose the correct option to complete lhe text below.

Drone saves missing 65-year-old climber in the Himalayas

Daniel Van Boom July 18, 2018

Scottish climber Rick Allen ___ a drone after he had fallen during a solo climb of Broad Peak mountain in the Himalayas. Allen's climbing bag ___ a base camp worker, prompting lhe drone ___ to successfully locate him. Then, Rick Allen ___ without significant injury.

(Adapted from https://www.cnet.com)

(A) was saved for / spotted / to be sent out / rescued

(B) saved / was spotted by / to send out / rescued

(D) was saved by / spotted / to send out / was rescued

(E) was saved by / was spotted by / to be sent out / was rescued

Comentários e Gabarito E
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32 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN/2022)

Which option completes the paragraph below correctly?

Listen to this advice. ___ your toothache, joint pains, headache or cough in your lungs, for example. Some small issues may turn into a complicated situation as you start getting old, so ___ an appointment from your doctor and ___ diagnosed.

(Adapted from https://www.eatthis.com/)

(A) Don't ignore / make / gel

(B) Don't to ignore/ to make / to gel

(D) Don't ignore / to make / gel

(E) Don't to ignore / make / to get

Comentários e Gabarito A
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33 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN/2022)

Which option completes lhe text below correctly?

Dr. How Hoong Au: Learning Mandarin at 75

Dr. How Hoong Au ___ born in Malaysia to parents from mainland China. His family ___ it would be better for him to learn in English than Mandarin or Cantonese. That ___ Au without much knowledge of any Chinese language.

At lhe age of 75, Au now attends lhe Toronto Mandarin School alongside his grandchildren, who ___ the language as well.

(Adapted from https://www.cbc.ca)

(A) is / figured / left / was learning

(B) was / figured / left / are learning

(D) is / figures / left / is learning

(E) was / figured / will leave / was learning

Comentários e Gabarito B
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34 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN/2022)

Which option completes the text below corrrectly?

McLaren rue difficult day

Anna Francis, November 6, 2021

McLaren admit they have ____ work to do after enduring a difficult start to their Mexican Grand Prix weekend.

Daniel Ricciardo and Lando Norris ended up in 14th and 15th respectively on the Free Practice 1 timesheets, whilst Free Practice 2 brought further issues.

"These things happen, and we'II just have to gel into it tomorrow. We don't have ___ time to waste so we'II gel amongst it. We've got ___ challenges ahead but we'II be alright. We got ___ information from Lando today to be able to pick it up tomorrow," said Ricciardo.

(Adapted from https://racingnews365.com)

(A) enough / no / some / a lot

(B) a lot / some / a few / some

(D) enough / any / a little / a lot

(E) plenty of / any / a few / enough

Comentários e Gabarito E
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35 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN/2022)

Which is the correct option to complete lhe paragraph below?

Aging is inevitable and yet it's hard ____ it's happening. lnside, you feel like you're 24 years old still, wanting ___ the most of life, maybe even more so now that you know there are more years behind you than ahead of you. And yet, no one told your body. lt's not the sarne as it used ____. Acknowledging this can ___ your life. You just need ___ a few habits. [ ... ] Start by ___ yourself [ ... ] 'What do I want?' That answer will drive every decision you make.

(Adapted from https://www.eatthis.com)

(A) admitting / to make / be / saving / to change / asking

(B) admitting / make / being / to save / changing / ask

(D) to admit / to make / to be / save / to change / asking

(E) admitting / make / to be / to save / change / asking

Comentários e Gabarito D
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36 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN/2022)

Which is the correct option to complete lhe text below?

TAMPA, Fia. -A Luiz man is now a millionaire after nearly ____ gas and buying a scratch-off ticket ata gas station in Tampa when he stopped to _____ according to lhe Florida Lottery.

Feras AI Younes, 48, won lhe top prize and chose to take his winnings as a one-time payment.

"I was standing at lhe pumps when I suddenly realized I was holding a $2 million winning ticketl I was so excited that l left before my tank was full!" AI Younes said.

(Adapted from https://www.abcactionnews.com)

(A) running out of / pass away

(B) running out of / fill up

(D) looking up to / fill up

(E) looking up to / take away

Comentários e Gabarito B
TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

37 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN/2022)

Which is the correct option to complete the paragraph below?

"Age-related macular degeneration (AMO) is the leading cause of blindness in people over the age of 50 in lhe United States. [ ... ]. lt's important ___ regularly to proactively protect your vision."

(Adapted from https://www.eatthis.com)

(A) to have your eyes examined

(B) to have examined your eyes

(D) have examined your eyes

(E) to have your eyes examine

Comentários e Gabarito A
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38 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN/2022)

Which option completes lhe paragraph below correctly?

______ I went to Georgetown University on October 9, 2003, to interview Dr. James Alatis, I have to admit that I was nervous. ______ I had met him previously ai an international convention (a mutual friend introduced us), I was sure that he wouldn't remember me.

(Adapted from ANCKER, William P. A call to service.

English Teaching Forum. v. 50, n. 1, p.18-19, 2012.)

(A) Before / Since

(B) After / Therefore

(D) When / Although

(E) During / Despite

Comentários e Gabarito D
TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

39 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN/2022)

Which option completes the sentence below correctly?

You had a dog when you were a kid, _____ ?

(A) hadn't you

(B) had you

(D) have you

(E) weren't you

Comentários e Gabarito C
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40 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN/2022)

Which option completes lhe dialogue below correctly?

"I want to have an animal," Rick said futilely, and gestured empty-handed.

_______ Deckard replied.

(Adapted from DICK, Philip K

Do androids dream of e/ectric sheep?1968, p. 7)

(A) "So have !,"

(B) "So do !,"

(D) "So did !,"

(E) "Nor did !,"

Comentários e Gabarito B

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domingo, 9 de abril de 2023

ESCOLA NAVAL/CPAEN/2022 – LÍNGUA INGLESA – ESCOLA NAVAL – PROVA COM GABARITO & TEXTOS TRADUZIDOS.

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domingo, 9 de abril de 2023

ESCOLA NAVAL/CPAEN/2022 – LÍNGUA INGLESA – ESCOLA NAVAL – PROVA COM GABARITO & TEXTOS TRADUZIDOS.

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