Facing headwinds, Dilma changes
Enfrentando ventos contrĂĄrios, Dilma muda
The government announces plans to privatise infrastructure, and disappoints striking bureaucrats.
O governo anuncia planos para privatizar as infra-estruturas e desilude os burocratas em greve.
- "striking bureaucrats" - burocratas em greve.
In recent years Brazil's government has been able to avoid tough spending choices.
Nos Ășltimos anos, o governo do Brasil tem conseguido evitar escolhas de despesa difĂceis.
- "tough spending choices" - escolhas de despesa difĂceis.
Faster economic growth and falling tax evasion have translated into steadily rising revenues, allowing the federal government to hire more workers and pay them more, as well as to boost pensions and social transfers.
O crescimento econĂŽmico mais rĂĄpido e a queda da evasĂŁo fiscal traduziram-se num aumento constante das receitas, permitindo ao governo federal contratar mais trabalhadores e pagar-lhes mais, bem como aumentar as pensĂ”es e as transferĂȘncias sociais.
But the fat times are over. In 2011 economic growth was only 2.7%; this year 2% looks optimistic.
Mas os tempos de gordura acabaram. Em 2011, o crescimento econĂŽmico foi de apenas 2,7%; este ano, 2% parecem otimistas.
Tax revenues are rising only a little faster than inïŹ ation. The government can no longer satisfy everyone.
As receitas fiscais estão subindo apenas um pouco mais rapidamente do que a inflação. O governo jå não pode satisfazer toda a gente.
The noisiest demands come from public-sector workers.
As reivindicaçÔes mais ruidosas provĂȘm dos trabalhadores do setor pĂșblico.
Teachers at federal universities have been on strike for three months; they have recently been joined by federal police, tax ofïŹcials and staff at some regulatory agencies.
Os professores das universidades federais estiveram em greve hĂĄ trĂȘs meses; juntaram-se-lhes recentemente a polĂcia federal, os fiscais e os funcionĂĄrios de algumas agĂȘncias reguladoras.
The strikers'demands would swell the government's salary bill by up to 50%; inïŹ ation is running at 5.2%.
(b) tough spending choices have been made.
(c) faster economic growth might come about this year.
(d) tax evasion has been decreasing.
(e) tax revenues could have risen.
As exigĂȘncias dos grevistas aumentariam a folha salarial do governo atĂ© 50%; a inflação estĂĄ nos 5,2%.
46 – (ESAF-2012-MPOG-ANALISTA TĂCNICO) According to paragraph 1,
(a) infrastructure has been privatized.(b) tough spending choices have been made.
(c) faster economic growth might come about this year.
(d) tax evasion has been decreasing.
(e) tax revenues could have risen.
ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito D
TĂPICOS - VOCABULĂRIO & RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO :
According to paragraph 1,
(a) infrastructure has been privatized.a infra-estrutura foi privatizada.
(b) tough spending choices have been made.
(b) tough spending choices have been made.
foram feitas escolhas difĂceis em matĂ©ria de despesas.
(c) faster economic growth might come about this year.
(c) faster economic growth might come about this year.
um crescimento econĂŽmico mais rĂĄpido poderĂĄ ocorrer este ano.
(d) tax evasion has been decreasing.
(d) tax evasion has been decreasing.
a evasĂŁo fiscal vem diminuindo.
(e) tax revenues could have risen.
(e) tax revenues could have risen.
as receitas fiscais poderiam ter aumentado.
>> TRECHO QUE JUSTIFICA:
- "[...]Faster economic growth and falling tax evasion have translated into steadily rising revenues, allowing the federal government to hire more workers and pay them more, as well as to boost pensions and social transfers."
- O crescimento econĂŽmico mais rĂĄpido e a queda da evasĂŁo fiscal traduziram-se num aumento constante das receitas, permitindo ao governo federal contratar mais trabalhadores e pagar-lhes mais, bem como aumentar as pensĂ”es e as transferĂȘncias sociais.
47 – (ESAF-2012-MPOG-ANALISTA TĂCNICO) According to paragraph 2, the strikers' demands
(a) have been met.(b) might shrink the government's salary bill.
(c) would increase the government's salary bill.
(d) must slash the government's salary bill.
(e) may be promptly met by the current administration.
ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito C
TĂPICOS - VOCABULĂRIO & RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO :
❑ TEXTO 2:
❑ TEXTO 2:
Brazil's big challenge ahead of Rio 2016
O grande desafio do Brasil antes do Rio 2016
Many Brazilians watched the closing ceremony of the London Olympics with trepidation.
Muitos brasileiros assistiram com apreensĂŁo Ă cerimĂŽnia de encerramento dos Jogos OlĂmpicos de Londres.
“Do you think we will be able to manage anything more than a couple of carnival ïŹoats, some football and trafïŹc jams?” mused one of my friends.
“Acha que seremos capazes de gerir algo mais do que alguns carros alegĂłricos, futebol e engarrafamentos?” refletiu um dos meus amigos.
It is a few years since I have heard such expressions of national self-doubt. When I ïŹrst arrived in Brazil, almost 10 years ago, the country had just elected its ïŹrst leftwing president, Luiz InĂĄcio “Lula” da Silva.
HĂĄ jĂĄ alguns anos que nĂŁo ouço tais expressĂ”es de dĂșvida nacional. Quando cheguei ao Brasil, hĂĄ quase 10 anos, o paĂs tinha acabado de eleger o seu primeiro presidente de esquerda, Luiz InĂĄcio “Lula” da Silva.
Both the currency and stock exchange were in freefall as investors took fright.
Tanto a moeda como a bolsa de valores estavam em queda livre enquanto os investidores se assustavam.
Tanto a moeda como a bolsa de valores estavam em queda livre enquanto os investidores se assustavam.
Lula's ïŹrst term in ofïŹce combined cautious economic orthodoxy and some critical social reforms.
O primeiro mandato de Lula combinou uma ortodoxia econĂŽmica cautelosa e algumas reformas sociais crĂticas.
The minimum wage was raised signiïŹcantly and an innovative cash transfer called Bolsa FamĂlia introduced for poor families.
O salĂĄrio mĂnimo foi aumentado significativamente e foi introduzida uma transferĂȘncia de rendimentos inovadora denominada Bolsa FamĂlia para as famĂlias pobres.
A start was also made in reforming the Brazilian justice system. At the same time the government kept an eye on public spending, ran a primary budget surplus and began to reduce the national debt.
Foi tambĂ©m dado inĂcio Ă reforma do sistema de justiça brasileiro. Ao mesmo tempo, o governo manteve-se atento Ă s despesas pĂșblicas, obteve um excedente orçamental primĂĄrio e começou a reduzir a dĂvida nacional.
These days the scenario has been changing. Economic growth stalled last year, choked by a hugely overvalued currency. This year looks even worse, as export demand has been hit by the global recession.
Nos dias de hoje o cenårio tem vindo a mudar. O crescimento econÎmico estagnou no ano passado, sufocado por uma moeda extremamente sobrevalorizada. Este ano parece ainda pior, uma vez que a procura de exportaçÔes foi afetada pela recessão mundial.
While the government's success in reducing its still astronomically high inequality was a spur to domestic demand, economic growth was underpinned by the export of primary commodities such as soya, coffee and iron ore.
Embora o sucesso do governo na redução da sua desigualdade ainda astronÎmica tenha estimulado a procura interna, o crescimento econÎmico foi sustentado pela exportação de produtos primårios como a soja, o café e o minério de ferro.
(b) fear, or nervousness.
(c) elation.
(d) self-conïŹdence.
(e) fear, but also pride.
48 – (ESAF-2012-MPOG-ANALISTA TĂCNICO) In paragraph 1, the noun trepidation translates many Brazilians' feeling of
(a) sheer joy.(b) fear, or nervousness.
(c) elation.
(d) self-conïŹdence.
(e) fear, but also pride.
ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito B
TĂPICOS - VOCABULĂRIO & RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO :
In paragraph 1, the noun trepidation translates many Brazilians' feeling of
No 1Âș parĂĄgrafo, o substantivo trepidação traduz o sentimento de
(a) sheer joy.pura alegria.
(b) fear, or nervousness.
(b) fear, or nervousness.
medo ou nervosismo.
(c) elation.
(c) elation.
euforia
(d) self-conïŹdence.
(d) self-conïŹdence.
autoconfiança.
(e) fear, but also pride.
(e) fear, but also pride.
medo, mas também orgulho.
49 – (ESAF-2012-MPOG-ANALISTA TĂCNICO) In paragraph 3, the author respectively deïŹnes the social reforms and the cash transfer implemented by the Lula administration, in the ïŹrst term, as
(a) advanced and cautious.(b) marginal and ineffective.
(c) unimportant and purposeless.
(d) purposeful and traditional.
(e) pivotal and original.
ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito E
TĂPICOS - VOCABULĂRIO & RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO :
(a) suddenly stopped making progress.
(b) is likely to begin slowing down.
(c) might remain high through the current year.
(d) may henceforth be resumed.
(e) was not accurately forecast.
In paragraph 3, the author respectively deïŹnes the social reforms and the cash transfer implemented by the Lula administration, in the ïŹrst term, as
No parĂĄgrafo 3, o autor define respectivamente as reformas sociais e a transferĂȘncia de rendimentos implementadas pelo governo Lula, no primeiro mandato, como
(a) advanced and cautious. avançado e cauteloso.
(b) marginal and ineffective.
(b) marginal and ineffective.
marginal e ineficaz.
(c) unimportant and purposeless.
(c) unimportant and purposeless.
sem importĂąncia e sem propĂłsito.
(d) purposeful and traditional.
(d) purposeful and traditional.
intencional e tradicional.
(e) pivotal and original.
(e) pivotal and original.
fundamental e original.
50 – (ESAF-2012-MPOG-ANALISTA TĂCNICO)
In paragraph 4, the author claims that Brazil's economic growth(a) suddenly stopped making progress.
(b) is likely to begin slowing down.
(c) might remain high through the current year.
(d) may henceforth be resumed.
(e) was not accurately forecast.
ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito A
TĂPICOS - VOCABULĂRIO & RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO :
In paragraph 4, the author claims that Brazil's economic growth
No 4Âș parĂĄgrafo, o autor afirma que o crescimento econĂŽmico do Brasil
(a) suddenly stopped making progress.
(a) suddenly stopped making progress.
deixou subitamente de fazer progressos.
(b) is likely to begin slowing down.
(b) is likely to begin slowing down.
Ă© provĂĄvel que comece a abrandar.
(c) might remain high through the current year.
(c) might remain high through the current year.
poderĂĄ manter-se elevado durante o ano em curso.
(d) may henceforth be resumed.
(d) may henceforth be resumed.
poderĂĄ manter-se elevado durante o ano em curso.
(e) was not accurately forecast.
(e) was not accurately forecast.
nĂŁo foi previsto com precisĂŁo.






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