🔖 EPCAR — InglĂȘs 2023 (PDF da Prova + Gabarito • Comentada) — 🏛️ B3GE™

 

  • 16 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 4 Options Each Question.
  • Texto  (1) – How climate change has altered Christmas | www.bbc.com |
  • Texto  (2) – | Comic Strip | https://raesidecartoon.com/vault/global-warming-climatechange |
• VocabulĂĄrio:
❑ TEXTO 1:
How climate change has altered Christmas
Como as mudanças climåticas alteraram o Natal
By Isabelle Gerretsen, 2021

While Hollywood's representation of a white Christmas might be the northern hemisphere ideal, for many around the world the holiday is celebrated in very different weather.
Embora a representação de Hollywood de um Natal branco possa ser o ideal do hemisfério norte, para muitos ao redor do mundo o feriado é celebrado em climas muito diferentes.
But, climate change is threatening both winter wonderlands and warmer Christmas traditions.
Mas as mudanças climåticas estão ameaçando tanto as maravilhas do Inverno como as tradiçÔes mais calorosas do Natal.
In the Netherlands, where I grew up, a popular tradition around Christmas is to put on your skates and take to the frozen rivers.
Na Holanda, onde cresci, uma tradição popular na época do Natal é calçar os patins e passear pelos rios congelados.
Young and old head onto the ice.
Jovens e velhos patinam no gelo.
Active skaters used to enter the Elfstedentocht, an iconic ice-skating race covering 200km that passes through 11 cities in the northern province Friesland.
Patinadores ativos costumavam participar da Elfstedentocht, uma icÎnica corrida de patinação no gelo que cobre 200 km e passa por 11 cidades na província do norte da Frísia.
It's been 24 years since the last race happened.
JĂĄ se passaram 24 anos desde a Ășltima corrida.
Climate change is endangering this beloved winter tradition.
As alteraçÔes climåticas estão pondo em perigo esta querida tradição de inverno.
And it is not just cold-weather holiday traditions that are slowly disappearing.
E não são apenas as tradiçÔes dos feriados de clima frio que estão desaparecendo lentamente.
Around the world extreme weather caused by climate change and rising temperatures are altering beloved Christmas traditions.
Em todo o mundo, as condiçÔes meteorológicas extremas causadas pelas alteraçÔes climåticas e pelo aumento das temperaturas estão a alterar as queridas tradiçÔes de Natal.
BBC Future speaks to three young people who share their Christmas stories.
A BBC Future fala com trĂȘs jovens que compartilham as suas histĂłrias de Natal.
Mitzi Jonelle Tan, 22, the Philippines The Philippines has the earliest and longest Christmas season in the world.
Mitzi Jonelle Tan, 22 anos, Filipinas As Filipinas tĂȘm a Ă©poca de Natal mais precoce e mais longa do mundo.
"We celebrate from 1 September until 6 January," says the 22-year-old climate activist from Manila, the capital of the Philippines.
“Celebramos de 1Âș de setembro a 6 de janeiro”, diz a ativista climĂĄtica de 22 anos de Manila, capital das Filipinas.
 It is a colourful and creative time.
É um momento colorido e criativo.
People make their own Christmas decorations, including a star-shaped lantern, called a parol that they hang in windows and streets for the entire festive season.
As pessoas fazem suas prĂłprias decoraçÔes de Natal, incluindo uma lanterna em forma de estrela, chamada parol, que ficam penduradas nas janelas e nas ruas durante toda a Ă©poca festiva. 
"On Christmas morning we always take photos in front of churches near where my mum grew up," she says.
“Na manhĂŁ de Natal nĂłs sempre tiramos fotos em frente Ă s igrejas perto de onde minha mĂŁe cresceu”, diz ela.
"My mum and grandpa also used to take pictures there."
"Minha mãe e meu avÎ também tiravam fotos lå."
But in 50 years' time, this special place for the Jonelle Tan family could no longer exist due to rising sea levels.
Mas daqui a 50 anos, este lugar especial para a famĂ­lia Jonelle Tan nĂŁo poderĂĄ mais existir devido ao aumento do nĂ­vel do mar. 
The Philippines is the world's most vulnerable country to disasters caused by climate change.
As Filipinas são o país mais vulneråvel do mundo aos desastres causados pelas alteraçÔes climåticas.
It is hit on average by more than 20 typhoons each year, which cause severe flooding and large-scale destruction.
É atingido, em mĂ©dia, por mais de 20 tufĂ”es todos os anos, que causam graves enchentes e destruição em grande escala.
Flooding already means that families can't put up their Christmas lights.
As enchentes jĂĄ significam que as famĂ­lias nĂŁo podem pendurar/armar as luzes de Natal.
In November last year, super typhoon Goni, the year's most powerful storm, hit the Philippines at 225km/h.
Em novembro do ano passado, o super tufĂŁo Goni, a tempestade mais poderosa do ano, atingiu as Filipinas a 225 km/h.
"A few days before Christmas, we were still helping clean up the mud that had flooded the houses”, says Tan.
“Poucos dias antes do Natal, ainda estĂĄvamos ajudando a limpar a lama que inundou as casas”, diz Tan. 
People brought food and gifts to the evacuation centres.
As pessoas levavam comida e presentes para os centros de evacuação.
"Christmas is a celebration of what we've suffered that year, together as a community".
“O Natal Ă© uma celebração do que sofremos naquele ano, juntos como comunidade”.
Salvador GĂłmez-ColĂłn, 19, Puerto Rico Puerto Ricans love Christmas, says 19-year-old Salvador GĂłmez-ColĂłn.
Salvador GĂłmez-ColĂłn, 19 anos, Porto Rico, Os porto-riquenhos adoram o Natal, diz Salvador GĂłmez-ColĂłn, de 19 anos.
“It is a spectacle. It's the biggest holiday in Puerto Rico”.
“É um espetĂĄculo. É o maior feriado de Porto Rico”.
During the festive period, families head into the mountains around the capital San Juan to gather at food trucks, called chinchorros.
Durante o perĂ­odo festivo, as famĂ­lias dirigem-se Ă s montanhas ao redor da capital San Juan para se reunirem em food trucks, chamados chinchorros.
There they eat suckling pig and cod fritters.
LĂĄ comem leitĂŁo e bolinhos de bacalhau. 
"It's very communal, you meet your neighbours and talk to strangers", GĂłmez-ColĂłn says.
“É muito comunitĂĄrio, vocĂȘ conhece seus vizinhos e conversa com estranhos”, diz GĂłmez-ColĂłn.
One of his favourite Christmas traditions is the parranda: carolling in the streets and outside people's houses.
Uma de suas tradiçÔes natalinas preferidas é a parranda: cantar nas ruas e fora das casas das pessoas.
"We sing folklore songs with cymbals and drums".
“Cantamos cançÔes folclĂłricas com pratos e tambores”.
This tradition continued even during Puerto Rico's darkest days, after the country was hit by category 5 Hurricane Maria in 2017.
Esta tradição continuou mesmo durante os dias mais sombrios de Porto Rico, depois que o país foi atingido pelo furacão Maria de categoria 5 em 2017.
It dropped more rain on Puerto Rico than any storm to hit the country since 1956.
Choveu mais em Porto Rico do que qualquer tempestade que atingiu o paĂ­s desde 1956.
A storm of such power is five times more probable to hit now than in the 1950s due to climate change, a 2019 study found.
É cinco vezes mais provĂĄvel que uma tempestade com tal potĂȘncia aconteça agora do que na dĂ©cada de 1950 devido Ă s alteraçÔes climĂĄticas, concluiu um estudo de 2019.
"I've never felt as vulnerable in my entire life. I was [protecting myself] in a basement room with 10 others and lost communication with my dad and friends," he says.
“Nunca me senti tĂŁo vulnerĂĄvel em toda a minha vida. Eu estava [me protegendo] em um quarto no porĂŁo com outras 10 pessoas e perdi a comunicação com meu pai e amigos”, diz ele.
During the Christmas period, much of Puerto Rico was still in complete darkness.
Durante o perĂ­odo do Natal, grande parte de Porto Rico ainda estava em completa escuridĂŁo.
Despite the terrible situation, Puerto Ricans managed to celebrate Christmas that year.
Apesar da terrível situação, os porto-riquenhos conseguiram comemorar o Natal daquele ano.
Daniel Holanda, 19, Brazil Christmas starts on 24 November when Brazilians decorate the tree. Several years ago, Holanda’s family house flooded while they were celebrating this tradition.
Daniel Holanda, 19 anos, Brasil O Natal começa no dia 24 de novembro, quando os brasileiros decoram a årvore. Hå vårios anos, a casa da família Holanda inundou enquanto celebravam esta tradição.
He celebrates Christmas in the city of AnĂĄpolis in Brazil's central state, GoiĂĄs.
Ele comemora o Natal na cidade de AnĂĄpolis, no estado central do Brasil, GoiĂĄs.
"Every year we get together on 24 December at my grandma's house. I have seven uncles and they each bring a dish for dinner," he says.
“Todos os anos nos reunimos no dia 24 de dezembro na casa da minha avĂł. Tenho 7 tios e cada um traz um prato para o jantar”, conta.
“Christmas dinner is often candlelit as the flooding causes frequent power cuts at this time of year. We used to decorate the house with lights and play a lot of different games outside. Now we can't do it anymore”, he says.
“A ceia de Natal costuma ser Ă  luz de velas, pois as enchentes provocam frequentes quedas de energia neste perĂ­odo do ano. CostumĂĄvamos decorar a casa com luzes e fazer muitas brincadeiras lĂĄ fora. Agora nĂŁo podemos mais”, diz.
GoiĂĄs is home to the Cerrado, a vast wooded savannah that contains thousands of rare species.
Goiås abriga o Cerrado, uma vasta savana arborizada que contém milhares de espécies raras.
Scientists have warned that this biodiversity place may collapse in less than 30 years if temperatures continue to rise and large agricultural businesses rapidly change forests into soy plantations.
Os cientistas alertaram que este local de biodiversidade poderå entrar em colapso em menos de 30 anos se as temperaturas continuarem a subir e as grandes empresas agrícolas transformarem rapidamente as florestas em plantaçÔes de soja.
Besides flooding, the region has suffered from extreme drought in recent years.
AlĂ©m das inundaçÔes, a regiĂŁo sofreu com secas extremas nos Ășltimos anos.
Wildfires are also a major problem there.
As queimadas florestais também são um grande problema lå.
Despite the challenges, people find a way to gather and return at Christmas time, he says.
Apesar dos desafios, as pessoas encontram uma forma de se reunir e voltar na época do Natal, afirma.
"On Christmas Eve, we give food to people in need, especially old people."
“Na vĂ©spera de Natal, damos comida Ă s pessoas necessitadas, principalmente aos idosos”.
  • Adapted from https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20211206-howclimate-change-has-altered-christmas. Accessed on March 05th, 2022
01 – It is correct to state that

(A) people around the world celebrate Christmas with similar traditions despite the weather differences.
(B) only countries with a specific weather condition are having Christmas traditions impacted, differently from the others.
(C) despite the Christmas traditions and the weather characteristics, countries are being impacted by climate change.
(D) there is no impact on Christmas traditions in warmer countries.

•    Gabarito C  

It is correct to state that
(A) people around the world celebrate Christmas with similar traditions despite the weather differences. pessoas ao redor do mundo celebram o Natal com tradiçÔes semelhantes, apesar das diferenças climĂĄticas.
(B) only countries with a specific weather condition are having Christmas traditions impacted, differently from the others. apenas paĂ­ses com condiçÔes climĂĄticas especĂ­ficas estĂŁo tendo as tradiçÔes natalinas impactadas, diferentemente dos demais.
(C) despite the Christmas traditions and the weather characteristics, countries are being impacted by climate changeapesar das tradiçÔes natalinas e das características climåticas, os países estão sendo impactados pelas mudanças climåticas.
(D) there is no impact on Christmas traditions in warmer countries. nĂŁo hĂĄ impacto nas tradiçÔes natalinas nos paĂ­ses mais quentes.

02 – Choose the statement that is in DISAGREEMENT with the text.

(A) Brazil and Philippines have a similar impact on their Christmas decoration due to the natural disaster.
(B) There have been three different types of climate problems in Brazil recently.
(C) Climate change caused so many problems in the three mentioned countries, that celebrations were impacted.
(D) The natural disasters happened in the same year in the three mentioned countries.

•    Gabarito D  

Choose the statement that is in DISAGREEMENT with the text.
Escolha a afirmação que está em DISCORDÂNCIA com o texto.
(A) Brazil and Philippines have a similar impact on their Christmas decoration due to the natural disaster. Brasil e Filipinas tĂȘm um impacto semelhante na decoração de Natal devido ao desastre natural.
(B) There have been three different types of climate problems in Brazil recently. Houve trĂȘs tipos diferentes de problemas climĂĄticos no Brasil recentemente.
(C) Climate change caused so many problems in the three mentioned countries, that celebrations were impacted. As mudanças climĂĄticas causaram tantos problemas nos trĂȘs paĂ­ses mencionados, que as comemoraçÔes foram impactadas.
(D) The natural disasters happened in the same year in the three mentioned countriesOs desastres naturais aconteceram no mesmo ano nos trĂȘs paĂ­ses mencionados.
COMENTÁRIOS:
(1) A resposta correta Ă© a letra D, porque o enunciado "Os desastres naturais aconteceram no mesmo ano nos trĂȘs paĂ­ses mencionadosnĂŁo corresponde ao que se verifica no texto, ou seja, estĂĄ em DISCORDÂNCIA com o texto.
• O autor relata anos distintos na ocorrĂȘncia dos desastres naturais nos trĂȘs paĂ­ses:
No trecho (37-38) do texto (publicado em 2021), Ă© relatado que o super tufĂŁo Goni atingiu as Filipinas em 2020:
"[...] In November last year, super typhoon Goni, the year's most powerful storm, hit the Philippines at 225km/h."
No trecho (55-57), o furacĂŁo Maria de categoria 5 atingiu o Porto Rico em 2017:
"[...] This tradition continued even during Puerto Rico's darkest days, after the country was hit by category 5 Hurricane Maria in 2017."
No trecho (84-86), o autor diz que no Brasil, as enchentes e as secas extremas ocorreram em anos recentes, ou seja, nĂŁo hĂĄ relato de ano especĂ­fico:
"[...] Besides flooding, the region has suffered from extreme drought in recent years. Wildfires are also a major problem there."
(2) As demais opçÔes ESTÃO EM CONCORDÂNCIA com o texto:
 Alternativa ABrasil e Filipinas tĂȘm um impacto semelhante na decoração de Natal devido ao desastre natural, conforme os trechos:
No trecho (35-36), Ă© relatado que, na ocorrĂȘncia de inundação nas filipinas, as famĂ­lias nĂŁo podem acender as luzes de Natal:
"[...] Flooding already means that families can't put up their Christmas lights."
No trecho (84-86), Daniel Holanda relata que diz que eles costumavam decorar a casa com luzes e brincar lĂĄ fora, no entanto, agora nĂŁo conseguem mais fazer isso por causa das enchentes:
"[...] “Christmas dinner is often candlelit as the flooding causes frequent power cuts at this time of year. We used to decorate the house with lights and play a lot of different games outside. Now we can't do it anymore”, he says."
 Alternativa BHouve trĂȘs tipos diferentes de problemas climĂĄticos no Brasil recentemente, que sĂŁo "enchente", "seca extrema" e "queimadas", conforme o trecho (84-86):
"[...] Besides flooding, the region has suffered from extreme drought in recent years. Wildfires are also a major problem there."
 Alternativa CAs mudanças climĂĄticas causaram tantos problemas nos trĂȘs paĂ­ses mencionados, que as comemoraçÔes foram impactadas.

03 – Choose the option that explains what happened to Salvador GĂłmez-ColĂłn.
During the storm, he could not talk to his dad and friends,

(A) then he decided to protect himself in a basement room with 10 others.
(B) after that he reached a basement room with 10 others to protect himself.
(C) however, he reached a basement room with 10 others to protect himself.
(D) because he was protecting himself in a basement room with 10 others.

•    Gabarito D  

Choose the option that explains what happened to Salvador GĂłmez-ColĂłn.
During the storm, he could not talk to his dad and friends,
Escolha a opção que explica o que aconteceu com Salvador Gómez-Colón.
Durante a tempestade, ele nĂŁo conseguiu falar com seu pai e amigos,
(A) then he decided to protect himself in a basement room with 10 others. entĂŁo ele decidiu se proteger em um porĂŁo com outras 10 pessoas.
(B) after that he reached a basement room with 10 others to protect himself. depois disso ele chegou a um porĂŁo com outras 10 pessoas para se proteger.
(C) however, he reached a basement room with 10 others to protect himself. entretanto, ele chegou a um porĂŁo com outras 10 pessoas para se proteger.
(D) because he was protecting himself in a basement room with 10 othersporque ele estava se protegendo em um porĂŁo com outras 10 pessoas.

04 – Write (T) for the true sentences and (F) to the false ones, according to the text.
  • (  ) I - The 3rd paragraph (L. 09 to 13) describes a cold season activity.
  • (  ) II - The 5th paragraph (L. 20 to 26) tells how the celebrations were altered due to climate change.
  • (  ) III - In the 11th paragraph (L.. 61 to 66), there is a conclusion about the importance of Christmas to Puerto Ricans.
  • (  ) IV - In the 14th paragraph (L.75 to 78), there is a comparison between a habit in the past and present.
Choose the correct sequence.

(A) F, F, F, T
(B) T, T, T, F
(C) F, T, T, F
(D) T, F, F, T

•    Gabarito D  

(A) F, F, F, T
(B) T, T, T, F
(C) F, T, T, F
(D) T, F, F, T

( T ) I - The 3rd paragraph (L. 09 to 13) describes a cold season activity. O 3Âș parĂĄgrafo descreve uma atividade de estação fria.
• VERDADEIRA.
– O 3Âș parĂĄgrafo descreve uma corrida de patinação no gelo que cobre 200 km e passa por 11 cidades na provĂ­ncia do norte da FrĂ­sia.
"[...] Active skaters used to enter the Elfstedentocht, an iconic ice-skating race covering 200 km that passes through 11 cities in the northern province Friesland. It's been 24 years since the last race happened. Climate change is endangering this beloved winter tradition." 

( F ) II - The 5th paragraph (L. 20 to 26) tells how the celebrations were altered due to climate changeO 5ÂȘ parĂĄgrafo 5Âș conta como as comemoraçÔes foram alteradas devido Ă s mudanças climĂĄticas.
• FALSA
 No 5Âș parĂĄgrafo, Ă© relatado que as Filipinas tĂȘm a Ă©poca de Natal mais antiga e mais longa do mundo (de 1Âș de setembro a 6 de janeiro). Nesse momento colorido e criativo, as pessoas fazem suas prĂłprias decoraçÔes de Natal, incluindo uma lanterna em forma de estrela, chamada parol, que ficam penduradas nas janelas e nas ruas durante toda a Ă©poca festiva.
"[...] The Philippines has the earliest and longest Christmas season in the world. "We celebrate from 1 September until 6 January," says the 22-year-old climate activist from Manila, the capital of the Philippines. It is a colourful and creative time. People make their own Christmas decorations, including a star-shaped lantern, called a parol that they hang in windows and streets for the entire festive season. " 

( F ) III - In the 11th paragraph (L.. 61 to 66), there is a conclusion about the importance of Christmas to Puerto Ricans. No 11Âș parĂĄgrafo, hĂĄ uma conclusĂŁo sobre a importĂąncia do Natal para os porto-riquenhos.
• FALSA
 11Âș parĂĄgrafo relata sobre uma terrĂ­vel situação de escuridĂŁo que ocorreu em Puerto Rico durante o perĂ­odo do natal.
"[...] I've never felt as vulnerable in my entire life. I was [protecting myself] in a basement room with 10 others and lost communication with my dad and friends," he says. During the Christmas period, much of Puerto Rico was still in complete darkness. Despite the terrible situation, Puerto Ricans managed to celebrate Christmas that year." 

( T ) IV - In the 14th paragraph (L.75 to 78), there is a comparison between a habit in the past and present. No 14Âș parĂĄgrafo, hĂĄ uma comparação entre um hĂĄbito do passado e do presente.
• VERDADEIRA.
– O 3Âș parĂĄgrafo descreve que antes, era costume decorar a casa com luzes e fazer muitas brincadeiras do lado de fora. Agora, a ceia de Natal Ă© muitas vezes Ă  luz de velas, tendo em vista os frequentes cortes de energias provocados pelas enchentes.
"[...] “Christmas dinner is often candlelit as the flooding causes frequent power cuts at this time of year. We used to decorate the house with lights and play a lot of different games outside. Now we can't do it anymore”, he says."

05 – The word in bold can be omitted in:

(A) Active skaters used to enter the Elfstedentocht, an iconic ice-skating race covering 200km that passes through 11 cities in the northern province Friesland.
(B) People make their own Christmas decorations, including a star-shaped lantern, called a parol that they hang in windows and streets for the entire festive season.
(C) "A few days before Christmas, we were still helping clean up the mud that had flooded the houses”, says Jonelle Tan.
(D) GoiĂĄs is home to the Cerrado, a vast wooded savannah that contains thousands of rare species.

•    Gabarito B  

The word in bold can be omitted in:
(A) Active skaters used to enter the Elfstedentocht, an iconic ice-skating race covering 200km that passes through 11 cities in the northern province Friesland.
(B) People make their own Christmas decorations, including a star-shaped lantern, called a parol that they hang in windows and streets for the entire festive season.
(C) "A few days before Christmas, we were still helping clean up the mud that had flooded the houses”, says Jonelle Tan.
(D) GoiĂĄs is home to the Cerrado, a vast wooded savannah that contains thousands of rare species.
DICAS RELEVANTES:
(1) Alternativa B Ă© a correta porque o THAT segue uma oração "that they hang in windows...", entĂŁo THAT pode ser omitido jĂĄ que no contexto, funciona como objeto da oração.
OUTRA DICA TREMENDAO pronome relativo THAT pode ser omitido sempre que ele vier antes de pronomes pessoais do caso reto (I, You, He, She, It, We, You, They).
(2) Nas demais opçÔes, o pronome relativo presente no enunciado NÃO PODE SER SUBSTITUÍDO:
(3) Alternativa A: NĂŁo pode ser a correta porque THAT em "that passes through 11 cities ...", THAT funciona como sujeito de uma oração do tipo "defining clause". Lembre-se: em uma "defining clause", NENHUM pronome relativo deve ser omitido. Portanto, na sentença acima, THAT nĂŁo pode ser omitido..
(4) Alternativa C: NĂŁo pode ser a correta porque THAT em "that had flooded the houses" funciona como sujeito de uma "defining clause" e assim nĂŁo pode ser omitido. 
(5) Alternativa D: NĂŁo pode ser a correta porque THAT em "that contains thousands of rare species" funciona como sujeito de uma "defining clause" e assim nĂŁo pode ser omitido. 

06 – The main goal of the text is to

(A) teach people how to avoid climate change on Christmas season.
(B) inform people of the problems caused by climate change in the world.
(C) notify the government of their responsibilities in relation to the climate change.
(D) relate three different ways to celebrate Christmas in spite of the weather.

•    Gabarito B  

The main goal of the text is to
O principal objetivo do texto Ă©
(A) teach people how to avoid climate change on Christmas season. ensinar as pessoas como evitar as alteraçÔes climĂĄticas na Ă©poca do Natal.
(B) inform people of the problems caused by climate change in the worldinformar as pessoas sobre os problemas causados pelas mudanças climåticas no mundo.
(C) notify the government of their responsibilities in relation to the climate change. notificar o governo das suas responsabilidades em relação Ă s alteraçÔes climĂĄticas.
(D) relate three different ways to celebrate Christmas in spite of the weather. relacionar trĂȘs maneiras diferentes de celebrar o Natal, apesar do clima.

07 –  Choose the sentence that is INCOHERENT with the idea supported by the author.

(A) If the climate keeps changing, holiday traditions will disappear.
(B) If the temperature levels were not rising, people could keep their holiday traditions.
(C) If the temperature levels rise, people may keep celebrating their holiday with the same traditions.
(D) If the climate changes, people might have their Christmas traditions altered.

•    Gabarito C  

Choose the sentence that is INCOHERENT with the idea supported by the author.
Escolha a sentença que é INCOERENTE com a ideia defendida pelo autor.
(A) If the climate keeps changing, holiday traditions will disappear. Se o clima continuar a mudar, as tradiçÔes festivas desaparecerĂŁo.
(B) If the temperature levels were not rising, people could keep their holiday traditions. Se os nĂ­veis de temperatura nĂŁo aumentassem, as pessoas poderiam manter as suas tradiçÔes festivas.
(C) If the temperature levels rise, people may keep celebrating their holiday with the same traditionsSe os níveis de temperatura subirem, as pessoas poderão continuar a celebrar as suas férias com as mesmas tradiçÔes
(D) If the climate changes, people might have their Christmas traditions altered. Se o clima mudar, as pessoas poderĂŁo ter as suas tradiçÔes natalinas alteradas.

08 – Choose the option that explains the idea of the penultimate paragraph (. 79 to 86).

(A) There is a possibility that the biodiversity of GoiĂĄs disappear in less than 30 years.
(B) It is a fact that, in less than 30 years, GoiĂĄs biodiversity will no longer exist.
(C) In less than 30 years, there will be a collapse in GoiĂĄs biodiversity for sure.
(D) Scientists have alerted that, in 2050, GoiĂĄs biodiversity is collapsing.

•    Gabarito A  

Choose the option that explains the idea of the penultimate paragraph (l. 79 to 86).
Escolha a opção que explica a ideia do penĂșltimo parĂĄgrafo (l. 79 a 86).
(A) There is a possibility that the biodiversity of GoiĂĄs disappear in less than 30 yearsExiste a possibilidade de a biodiversidade de GoiĂĄs desaparecer em menos de 30 anos.
Alternativa A Ă© a correta porque afirma que existe a possibilidade da biodiversidade de GoiĂĄs desaparecer, em conformidade com o trecho(79-86):
-"[...] Scientists have warned that this biodiversity place may collapse in less than 30 years if temperatures continue to rise and large agricultural businesses rapidly change forests into soy plantations.
No texto, o uso do modal MAY expressa ideia de POSSIBILIDADE.
(B) It is a fact that, in less than 30 years, GoiĂĄs biodiversity will no longer exist. Ă‰ um fato que, em menos de 30 anos, a biodiversidade goiana nĂŁo existirĂĄ mais.
(C) In less than 30 years, there will be a collapse in GoiĂĄs biodiversity for sure. Com certeza, em menos de 30 anos haverĂĄ um colapso da biodiversidade goiana.
(D) Scientists have alerted that, in 2050, GoiĂĄs biodiversity is collapsingCientistas alertaram que, em 2050, a biodiversidade goiana entrarĂĄ em colapso. 

09 – Read the statements related to the text.
  • I - Elfstedentocht didn’t happen last year.
  • II - People from Netherlands have been participating in a race covering 200km for 24 years.
  • III - Dutches at all ages usually ice skate during Christmas season.
  • IV - The northern province Friesland is the only place that preserves the beloved winter tradition.
The correct sentences are
(A) I and II.
(B) I and III.
(C) II and III.
(D) I, III and IV.

•    Gabarito B  

(A) I and II.
(B) I and III.
(C) II and III.
(D) I, III and IV.

I - Elfstedentocht didn’t happen last year. Elfstedentocht nĂŁo aconteceu no ano passado.
• VERDADEIRA.
 USED TO = Ă‰ usada em contexto de situaçÔes que eram hĂĄbitos no passado, mas que nĂŁo ocorrem mais no atual momento. 
"[...] Active skaters used to enter the Elfstedentocht, an iconic ice-skating race covering 200km that passes through 11 cities in the northern province Friesland. It's been 24 years since the last race happened. Climate change is endangering this beloved winter tradition." 

II - People from Netherlands have been participating in a race covering 200km for 24 years. HĂĄ 24 anos que os holandeses vem participando em uma prova de 200 km.
• FALSA.
 Ă‰ o oposto, ou seja, HĂĄ 24 anos que os holandeses nĂŁo participam da prova de 200 km.
►Trecho (9-13):
"[...] Active skaters used to enter the Elfstedentocht, an iconic ice-skating race covering 200km that passes through 11 cities in the northern province Friesland. It's been 24 years since the last race happened.." 
► It's been 24 years since the last race happened(JĂĄ se passaram 24 anos desde a Ășltima corrida ocorrida.)

III - Dutches at all ages usually ice skate during Christmas season. Holandeses de todas as idades costumam patinar no gelo na Ă©poca do Natal.
• VERDADEIRA.
►Trecho (6-8):
"[...] In the Netherlands, where I grew up, a popular tradition around Christmas is to put on your skates and take to the frozen rivers. Young and old head onto the ice." 
Young and old head onto the ice. (Jovens e velhos patinam no gelo.)
to head onto the ice (idiom) - mover-se no gelo, patinar.

IV - The northern province Friesland is the only place that preserves the beloved winter traditionA provĂ­ncia norte da FrĂ­sia Ă© o Ășnico local que preserva a preferida tradição invernal.
• FALSA.
HĂĄ 24 anos que os holandeses nĂŁo participam da prova de 200 km nas 11 cidades da provĂ­ncia norte da FrĂ­sia .
►Trecho (9-13):
"[...] Active skaters used to enter the Elfstedentocht, an iconic ice-skating race covering 200km that passes through 11 cities in the northern province Friesland. It's been 24 years since the last race happened." 
► It's been 24 years since the last race happened(JĂĄ se passaram 24 anos desde a Ășltima corrida ocorrida.)

10 – About the Christmas season, it is correct to say that

(A) Puerto Ricans gather in the mountains, where they sing traditional songs to new people and acquaintances from their neighborhood.
(B) Brazilian families usually concentrate two months before Christmas in order to decorate their houses and tree.
(C) Philippines celebrate the Christmas season for more than three months.
(D) it is traditional to go to chinchorros in order to give food to people in need in Puerto Rico.

•    Gabarito C  

About the Christmas season, it is correct to say that
Sobre a época do Natal, é correto dizer que
(A) Puerto Ricans gather in the mountains, where they sing traditional songs to new people and acquaintances from their neighborhood. Os porto-riquenhos se reĂșnem nas montanhas, onde cantam cançÔes tradicionais para novas pessoas e conhecidos de sua vizinhança.
(B) Brazilian families usually concentrate two months before Christmas in order to decorate their houses and tree. As famĂ­lias brasileiras costumam se concentrar dois meses antes do Natal para decorar suas casas e ĂĄrvores.
(C) Philippines celebrate the Christmas season for more than three months. As Filipinas celebram a Ă©poca do Natal por mais de trĂȘs meses.
(D) it is traditional to go to chinchorros in order to give food to people in need in Puerto Rico. Ă© tradicional ir aos chinchorros para dar comida Ă s pessoas necessitadas em Porto Rico.

11 – Mark the only alternative that the underlined word can be replaced by THAT.

(A) “BBC Future speaks to three young people who share their Christmas stories”.
(B) “In the Netherlands, where I grew up, a popular tradition around Christmas is to put on your skates”.
(C) “It is hit on average by more than 20 typhoons each year, which cause severe flooding and large-scale destruction”.
(D) "Christmas is a celebration of what we've suffered that year, together as a community".

•    Gabarito A  

Mark the only alternative that the underlined word can be replaced by THAT.
(A) “BBC Future speaks to three young people who share their Christmas stories”.
(B) “In the Netherlands, where I grew up, a popular tradition around Christmas is to put on your skates”.
(C) “It is hit on average by more than 20 typhoons each year, which cause severe flooding and large-scale destruction”.
(D) "Christmas is a celebration of what we've suffered that year, together as a community".
COMENTÁRIOS:
* REGRA GRAMATICAL: o pronome relativo THAT, não pode ser usado em "non-defining clause"(oração explicativa).
(1) A resposta correta Ă© a letra A, por se tratar de uma "defining clause", que permite a permuta do WHO pelo THAT.
(2) As demais opçÔes nĂŁo possuem a estrutura gramatical adequada.
-  Na alternativa B, WHERE (refere-se a lugar) introduz uma "non-defining clausee sendo assim impede o uso do THAT.
- Na  alternativa C, WHICH introduz uma non-defining clause e sendo assim impede o uso do THAT.
- Na alternativa D, "WHAT"(o que, do que) nĂŁo pode ser substituĂ­do por THAT(que), devido a incoerĂȘncia semĂąntica entre os pronomes.

12 – Choose the INCORRECT statement about Puerto Rico.

(A) It is more expected to happen strong rains in the present similar to the one that occurred in 1956.
(B) In 1956, Puerto Rico was hit by one of the strongest storms that happened in the country.
(C) In 2019, there was a study related to the possible consequences of the climate change.
(D) In 2017, a study showed that a storm like the one that happened in 1956 will happen again.

•    Gabarito D  

(A) It is more expected to happen strong rains in the present similar to the one that occurred in 1956.
(B) In 1956, Puerto Rico was hit by one of the strongest storms that happened in the country.
(C) In 2019, there was a study related to the possible consequences of the climate change.
(D) In 2017, a study showed that a storm like the one that happened in 1956 will happen again.

❑ TEXTO 2: Read the comic strip below and answer questions from 13 to 16 according to it.
Source: https://raesidecartoon.com/vault/global-warming-climatechange/ Accessed on March 16th, 2022.
❑ TRADUÇÃO-TEXTO 2:
TÍTULO: At home with global warming debunker Em casa com um desmistificador do aquecimento global
TV: Parts of the planet are experiencing the worst droughts ever.  Algumas partes do planeta estĂŁo sofrendo as piores secas de todos os tempos.
TV: With the resulting forest fires the worst ever.  Com os incĂȘndios florestais resultantes, os piores de todos os tempos.
TV: The fires were eventually drowned out by the worst rains and flooding ever. Os incĂȘndios acabaram sendo abafados pelas piores chuvas e inundaçÔes de todos os tempos.
TV: ...Creating the worst mudslides ever. Criando os piores deslizamentos de terra de todos os tempos.
DESMISTIFICADOR(na casa sendo inundada): Relax, this is all perfectly normal. Relaxe, tudo isso Ă© perfeitamente normal.

13 – Mark the correct option.

(A) The forest fires were solved due to the droughts.
(B) The forest fires were a consequence of the flooding.
(C) The droughts that happened in the past caused less damage than the ones that happen nowadays.
(D) Mudslides happened as a result of the worst fires that caused the flooding.

•    Gabarito C  

Mark the correct option.
(A) The forest fires were solved due to the droughts.
As queimadas florestais foram resolvidos devido Ă s secas.
(B) The forest fires were a consequence of the flooding.
As queimadas florestais foram consequĂȘncia das inundaçÔes.
(C) The droughts that happened in the past caused less damage than the ones that happen nowadays.
As secas que aconteceram no passado causaram menos danos do que as que acontecem hoje.
(D) Mudslides happened as a result of the worst fires that caused the flooding.
Os deslizamentos de terra ocorreram como resultado dos piores incĂȘndios que causaram as inundaçÔes.
COMENTÁRIOS:
(1) A resposta correta, letra C, justifica-se a partir do noticiĂĄrio de TV que diz que algumas partes do planeta estĂŁo vivenciando as piores secas de todos os tempos.
(2) As demais opçÔes nĂŁo refletem as ideias contidas na tirinha.
(3) Alternativa A: NĂŁo pode ser a correta na medida o noticiĂĄrio da TV Ă© justamente o oposto, ou seja, as secas fazem piorar os incĂȘndios.
(3) Alternativa B: Em momento nenhum Ă© relatado que os incĂȘndios florestais foram consequĂȘncia das inundaçÔes.
(4) Alternativa D: NĂŁo pode ser a correta porque os deslizamentos de terra ocorrem como resultado das chuvas e inundaçÔes, nĂŁo das queimadas florestais.

14 – According to the first sentence of the text, it is possible to state that the situation that is being presented

(A) is happening at or around the time of speaking.
(B) is temporary, so it may never happen again.
(C) is repeated as it is permanent.
(D) has recently stopped.

•    Gabarito A  

According to the first sentence of the text, it is possible to state that the situation that is being presented
De acordo com a primeira sentença do texto, é possível afirmar que a situação que se apresenta
(A) is happening at or around the time of speakingestĂĄ acontecendo no momento ou prĂłximo ao momento da fala.
(B) is temporary, so it may never happen again. Ă© temporĂĄrio, entĂŁo pode nunca mais acontecer.
(C) is repeated as it is permanent. Ă© repetida porque Ă© permanente.
(D) has recently stopped. parou recentemente.
COMENTÁRIOS:
(1) Parts of the planet are experiencing the worst droughts ever.  Algumas partes do planeta estĂŁo sofrendo as piores secas de todos os tempos.
(2) A estrutura verbal "are experiencing" indica o tempo verbal "Present Continuous" utilizado para alguma ação ou situação que estå acontecendo no mesmo tempo de fala.

15 – Choose the correct option about the guy in the cartoon.

(A) He was not hit by the damage caused by the climate change.
(B) He did not receive any information about the global warming impact.
(C) He ignores the existence of problems caused by the climate change.
(D) He is worried about the impact caused by the climate change.

•    Gabarito C  

Choose the correct option about the guy in the cartoon.
Escolha a opção correta sobre o cara do cartoon.
(A) He was not hit by the damage caused by the climate change. Ele nĂŁo foi atingido pelos danos causados pelas mudanças climĂĄticas.
(B) He did not receive any information about the global warming impact. Ele nĂŁo recebeu nenhuma informação sobre o impacto do aquecimento global.
(C) He ignores the existence of problems caused by the climate changeEle ignora a existĂȘncia de problemas causados pelas mudanças climĂĄticas.
(D) He is worried about the impact caused by the climate change. Ele estĂĄ preocupado com o impacto causado pelas mudanças climĂĄticas.
COMENTÁRIOS:
(1) A resposta correta, letra C, justifica-se a partir da leitura visual nos 3Âș e 4Âș quadrinhos, observamos que homem ignora a enchente que invadiu a sala. E tambĂ©m os dizeres dele "Relax, this is all perfectly normal.
(2) As demais opçÔes nĂŁo refletem as ideias contidas na tirinha.
(3) Alternativa A: NĂŁo pode ser a correta porque o homem foi atingido pela inundação.
(4) Alternativa B: NĂŁo pode ser a correta porque o homem recebe noticiĂĄrio o tempo todo sobre sobre os impactos do aquecimento global.
(4) Alternativa D: NĂŁo pode ser a correta porque o homem acha o impacto causado, pelas mudanças climĂĄticas, Ă© perfeitamente normal.

16 – Considering texts I and II, it is correct to say that in both cases

(A) people notice the impact of climate change in their lives.
(B) three climate problems in common are mentioned.
(C) some solutions to the climate problems are presented.
(D) the positive side of global warming effects are justified.

•    Gabarito B  

Considering texts I and II, it is correct to say that in both cases
Considerando os textos I e II, Ă© correto dizer que em ambos os casos
(A) people notice the impact of climate change in their lives. as pessoas percebem o impacto das mudanças climĂĄticas em suas vidas.
(B) three climate problems in common are mentionedsĂŁo mencionados trĂȘs problemas climĂĄticos em comum.
(C) some solutions to the climate problems are presented. sĂŁo apresentadas algumas soluçÔes para os problemas climĂĄticos.
(D) the positive side of global warming effects are justified. o lado positivo dos efeitos do aquecimento global Ă© justificado.

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