LAY vs LIE

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  • By Valdenor Sousa http://www.inglesparaconcursos.blog.br

   MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions)

>> SUMMARY CHART:
(From: www.vocabulary.cl): 

>> PADRÃO GRAMATICAL:
  • TO LAY (transitive) + substantivo (the eggs, the papers, the keys, the tent, his headphones, etc.)
  • TO LIE (intransitive) + locução prepositiva adverbial (on the table, on the desk, on the couch, on the grass, in bed, in the sun, beneath the trees, beyond this hill, all over the floor, etc.)
01 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Which sequence completes the sentences below?

1 - Susan ___________ down and closed her eyes.
2 - The boss ____________ the papers on the table.
3 - Don’t _____________ in bed all day. Get up and do some work.
4 - The lake ___________ beyond this hill.

(A) laid – laid – lay – lies
(B) laid – lay – lay – lies
(C) lay – laid – lie – lies
(D) laid – lay – lie – lays
(E) lay – lay – lie – lays

 đŸ‘   ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito    C  
TÓPICO - Lay vs Lie & ESTRUTURAS LINGUÍSTICAS PADRONIZADAS:
1- Susan lay down and closed her eyes.
  • Verb = to lie (it's followed by "a preposition/adverb phrase": down)
  • Verb Tense = past (because of verb "closed")
  • Verb Vorm = lay
2- The boss laid the papers on the table.
O chefe colocou os papéis sobre a mesa.
  • Verb = to lay (+ noun "the papers")
  • Direct Object: the papers.
  • Verb Tense = past (laid) (in context, the specific time of the action is implied and so we don’t need to mention it.)
  • Remember that any tense of the transitive verb (to lay) must take a direct object.
3- Don’t lie in bed all day. Get up and do some work.
NĂŁo fique deitado na cama o dia todo. Levante-se e trabalhe um pouco.
  • Verb = "to lie" (it's followed by "a preposition/adverb phrase": in bed)
  • Context = imperative
  • Base Form = lie
4- The lake lies beyond this hill.
O lago fica além desta colina.
  • Verb = "to lie" (followed by "a preposition/adverb phrase": beyond this hill)
  • Verb Tense = present simple
  • Subject-Verb Agreement = LIES.
02 – (EFOMM-PS-2006-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)
  • "The housekeeper saw the birds _____ eggs and then _____ down”.
(A) lying / laying
(B) lying / lieing
(C) laying / lying
(D) laying / laid
(E) laying / lieing

 đŸ‘   ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito    C  
TÓPICO - Lay vs Lie & ESTRUTURAS LINGUÍSTICAS PADRONIZADAS:
>>1ÂȘ LACUNA:
  • "The housekeeper saw the birds LAYING eggs "
  • A governanta viu os pĂĄssaros PONDO ovos.
  • VERBO → TO LAY (lay. laid, laid, laying), Ă© um verbo  seguido por "noun" (eggs).
  • OUTRO EXEMPLO:
  • The boss laid the papers on the table.
  • O patrĂŁo colocou os papĂ©is sobre a mesa.
>>2ÂȘ LACUNA:
  • The housekeeper saw the birds laying eggs and then LYING down.
  • A governanta viu os pĂĄssaros pondo ovos e depois DEITANDO-SE.
  • VERBO → TO LIE (lie, lay , lain, lying), um verbo seguido por "advĂ©rbio" (down).
03 – (EFOMM-PS-2001-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)
  • She did not tell me the truth. She _____ to me.
(A) lie
(B) lain
(C) lay
(D) laid
(E) lied

      ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito    E  
TÓPICO - LIE (LIE, LIED, LIED, LYING) TO SOMEONE:
She did not tell me the truth. She lied to me. 
Ela nĂŁo me contou a verdade. Ela MENTIU para mim.
(A) lie
(B) lain
(C) lay
(D) laid
(E) lied 

➽OUTROS EXEMPLOS:
• Promise me you'll never lie to me again. Prometa-me que nunca mais mentirĂĄ para mim.
• You lied to me about your lunch hour. VocĂȘ mentiu para mim sobre sua hora de almoço.
• I look forward to a new job. Estou ansioso por um novo emprego.
➽DICAS:
(1)Tempo verbal contextual = Simple Past ( She did not tell...).
(2) "TO LIE (lie, lied, lied)(verbo regular) – MENTIR, dizer deliberadamente a alguĂ©m algo que nĂŁo Ă© verdade.
(3) "TO LIE TO SOMEONE" ou "TO LIE ABOUT SOMETHING".

04 – (EFOMM-PS-2011-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Mark the correct alternative to complete the sentences:

1) "____ the tent down on the grass and I'll see how to put it up."

2) "I ____ the papers on the table."

3) "Don't ___ in bed all day. Get up and go to work.”

4) "You ___   to me when you said you loved me.

(A) Lay / laid / lie / lied
(B) Lay / laid / lay / had lied
(C) Lie / laid / lie / lied
(D) Lie / lie / lie / had lied
(E) Lie / lie / lay / lied

 đŸ‘   ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito    A  
TÓPICO - Lay vs Lie & ESTRUTURAS LINGUÍSTICAS PADRONIZADAS:

1 - " Lay the tent down on the grass and I'll see how to put it up."
  • Verb = to lay (direct object: the tent)
  • context = imperative.
  • base form = lay.
2 - "I laid the papers on the table."
  • Verb = to lay (direct object: the papers)
  • Verb Tense = past (laid) (in context, the specific time of the action is implied and so we don’t need to mention it.)
  • Remember that any tense of the transitive verb (to lay) must take a direct object.
3 - "Don't lie in bed all day. Get up and go to work.”
  • Verb = to lie (followed by "a preposition/adverb phrase": in bed)
  • context = imperative.
  • base form = lie.
4 - "You lied to me when you said you loved me.
  • Verb = to lie (in the meaning "SPEAK FALSELY )
  • to lie = LIE, LIED, LIED, LYING.
  • Verb tense = past "lied" (because of verb "said")

05 – (EFOMM-PS-2023-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Mark the option with the correct sequence to complete the sentences below.

I – Many sickness are being ____ at the door of stress.
II – She’s been ___ low with flu for a long time.
III – I could hear her ___ down the law.
IV – I felt so lazy just ____ around on the beach all morning.
V – John ____ back against the pillows.
VI – On the day of the party, all arguments between the families were ____ aside.

(A) (I)-laid / (II)-laid / (III)-laying / (IV)-lying / (V)-lay / (VI)-laid
(B) (I)-lying / (II)-laid / (III)-laying / (IV)-laid / (V)-laid / (VI)-lied
(C) (I)-lying / (II)-lying / (III)-lay / (IV)-laid / (V)-lies / (VI)-laying
(D) (I)-laying / (II)-laid / (III)-laid / (IV)-lie / (V)-lays / (VI)-lying
(E) (I)-laid / (II)-laying / (III)-laid / (IV)-laying / (V)-lies / (VI)-laid

 đŸ‘   ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito    A  
TÓPICO - Lay vs Lie & ESTRUTURAS LINGUÍSTICAS IDIOMÁTICAS:

* QuestĂŁo "casca de banana" - muita atenção para nĂŁo errar, haja vista o uso de expressĂ”es idiomĂĄticas ("to lay something at the of", "be laid someone" , "could hear someone laying down") presentes nas alternativas. 

I – Many sickness are being laid at the door of stress.
Muitas doenças são atribuídas ao estresse.
  • "at the door of" Ă© parte integrante da estrutura "to lay something AT THE DOOR OF sb/sth", que Ă© uma expressĂŁo idiomĂĄtica que significa  CULPAR ALGO POR CAUSA DE OUTRA COISA ou CULPAR ALGUÉM POR ALGO.
  • TO LAY = (lay, laid, laid, laying)
  • Present Progressive Passive (are + being + Past Participle)
  • Past Participle =  laid
II – She’s been laid low with flu for a long time.
Ela estĂĄ com gripe hĂĄ muito tempo.
  • "to lay someone low"(idiom) – Utilizada em contexto onde algo (virus, bactĂ©ria, etc.) torna alguĂ©m doente ou fraco e incapaz de fazer as coisas que eles costumam fazer.
  • TO LAY = (lay, laid, laid, laying)
  • Present Progressive Passive (are + being + Past Participle)
  • Past Participle =  laid
  • “BE LAID SOMEONE LOW” usada normalmente na forma passiva (MacMillan Dictionary).
III – I could hear her ___ down the law.
Eu conseguia ouvi-la impondo a lei.
➭ Depois de COULD com HEAR,  podemos usar GERUND ou BASE FORM.
➭ A PERGUNTA DE 1 MILHÃO: Vamos usar o gerĂșndio LYING do verbo TO LIE ou usar o gerĂșndio LAYING do verbo TO LAY?
  • Devemos usar LAYING porque, no contexto, o verbo LAY Ă© parte integrante da expressĂŁo idiomĂĄtica "laying down the law" ,que significa DITAR LEIS, falar de maneira autoritĂĄria ou dogmĂĄtica.
  • O verbo transitivo TO LAY (lay, laid, laid, laying).
  • I could hear her laying down the law.
  • Eu conseguia ouvi-la ditando a lei.
>>DICTIONARY (1):
  • TO LAY DOWN THE LAW (idiom) = to forcefully make known what you think should happen. 
  • With young children you have to lay down the law so that they clearly know right from wrong.
  • Com crianças pequenas, vocĂȘ tem que ditar a lei para que elas saibam claramente o que Ă© certo e o que Ă© errado.
  • She can't just come into this office and start laying down the law.
  • Ela nĂŁo pode simplesmente entrar neste escritĂłrio e começar a impor as leis.
>>DICTIONARY (2):
  • TO LAY DOWN THE LAW (idiom) = to give explicit orders in an authoritative manner, to give a command in an imperious manner.
  • The manager laid down the law to the workers.
  • O gerente ditou a lei para os trabalhadores.
IV – I felt so lazy just ____ around on the beach all morning.
Eu me senti tão preguiçoso deitado na praia a manhã toda.
>> Na lacuna cabe o verbo TO LIE porque Ă© seguido de Adverbial Prepositional Phrase (around on the beach all morning).
➭ A PERGUNTA DE 1 MILHÃO: no contexto, qual a formal verbal adequada do verbo to lie": LIE, LAY ou LAIN ou o gerĂșndio LYING?
  • Devemos usar LYING porque, no contexto, LYING Ă© parte integrante da expressĂŁo idiomĂĄtica "lying around" ,que significa ESPALHADO ou DEITADO.
  • O verbo transitivo TO LIE (lie, lay, lain, lying).
  •  I felt so lazy just lying around on the beach all morning.
  • Eu me senti tĂŁo preguiçoso deitado na praia a manhĂŁ toda.
>>DICTIONARY:
  • “TO BE LYING AROUND” (idiom)- estar espalhado ou estar deitado.
  • He always had a lot of clothes lying around his house.
  • Ele sempre tinha muita roupa espalhada pela casa.
  • She spent the whole day just lying around.
  • Ela passou o dia inteiro deitada.
V – John ____ back against the pillows.
John recostou-se nos travesseiros.
➭ Na lacuna cabe o intransitive verb TO LIE porque Ă© seguido de Adverbial Prepositional Phrase (back against the pillows).
➭ O phrasal verb “TO LIE BACK” means to lean backward from a sitting position to a flat position, traduzindo, RECLINAR-SE, conforme o Merriam-webster Dictionary.
➭ A PERGUNTA É: JĂĄ sabemos que iremos aplicar na sentença aqui, o verbo TO LIE, mas qual o tempo verbal contextual?
➭ A resposta Ă© LAY (passado do verbo "to lie") porque implicitamente a sentença estĂĄ no SIMPLE PAST.
➭ Mas, o por que da sentença acima estar no SIMPLE PAST??
➭ Resposta: Embora contextualmente nĂŁo exista nenhuma expressĂŁo literal do passado, a IDEIA DE TEMPO PASSADO ESTÁ IMPLÍCITO NA AÇÃO VERBAL.
➭ O SIMPLE PAST expressa a ideia de que uma ação começou e terminou em um momento especĂ­fico no passado. NÃO NECESSARIAMENTE Ă© preciso mencionar o tempo especĂ­fico de passado na oração, quando a ideia de passado jĂĄ estĂĄ implĂ­cita na forma verbal.
➭ Sendo assim, a sentença completa Ă©:
  • John lay back against the pillows.
  • John recostou-se nos travesseiros.
VI – On the day of the party, all arguments between the families were ____ aside.
No dia da festa, todas as discussÔes entre as famílias foram postas de lado.
➭ Contextualmente, cabe o verbo LAY na forma verbal de particĂ­pio passado LAID para construir adequadamente a estrutura passiva WERE LAID.
➭ Sendo assim, a sentença completa Ă©:
  • On the day of the party, all arguments between the families were laid aside.
  • No dia da festa, todas as discussĂ”es entre as famĂ­lias foram postas de lado.
06 – (ACAFE-2024-VESTIBULAR DE MEDICINA) Choose the correct verbs in parentheses to complete the sentences, according to the standard grammar rules.

I) Shall I __________ the tray on the bed? (lie - lay)
II) I love to __________ on the beach and read. (lie - lay)
III) She __________ on the bed and gazed the ceiling, daydreaming. (lie - lay)
IV) My dog was __________ by the gate waiting for me to come home. (laying - lying)
V) My mom hates it when the cat __________ on the sofa. (lays - lies)
VI) He __________ the baby in the cradle. (laid - lay)

Now, mark the alternative which has the right sequence of the correct verbs from I to VI.

(A) lay - lay - lay - laying - lies - laid
(B) lay - lie - lay - lying - lies - laid
(C) lie - lie - lie - lying - lays - lay
(D) lay - lie - lie - laying - lays - laid

 đŸ‘   ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICO - Lay vs Lie & ESTRUTURAS LINGUÍSTICAS PADRONIZADAS:
I) Shall I lay the tray on the bed? (lie - lay)
Devo colocar a bandeja na cama?
  • "the tray" (noun, object direct)
  • Transitive Verb = TO LAY
  • Verb Form = LAY 
II) I love to lie on the beach and read. (lie - lay)
  • "on the beach" (prepositional phrase)
  • Intransitive Verb = TO LIE
  • Verb Form = LIE.
III) She lay on the bed and gazed the ceiling, daydreaming. (lie - lay)
  • "on the bed" (prepositional phrase)
  • Intransitive Verb = TO LIE (lie, lay, lain)
  • Verb Tense = past (because of verb "gazed" in the past).
  • Verb Form = LAY. 
IV) My dog was lying by the gate waiting for me to come home. (laying - lying)
Meu cachorro estava deitado no portĂŁo esperando eu chegar em casa.
  • "by the gate" (prepositional phrase)
  • Intransitive Verb = TO LIE (lie, lay, lain, lying)
  • Verb Tense = past progressive (because of verb "waiting" in the past progressive).
  • Verb Form = LYING. 
V) My mom hates it when the cat lies on the sofa. (lays - lies)
Minha mĂŁe odeia quando o gato deita no sofĂĄ.
  • "on the sofa" (prepositional phrase)
  • Intransitive Verb = TO LIE (lie, lay, lain, lying)
  • Verb Tense = past progressive (because of verb "waiting" in the past progressive).
  • Verb Form = LYING. 
VI) He laid the baby in the cradle. (laid - lay)
Ele colocou o bebĂȘ no berço.
  • "the baby" (noun, object direct)
  • Transitive Verb = TO LAY.
  • Verb Tense = past (in context, the specific time of the action is implied and so we don’t need to mention it.)
  • Verb Form = laid
07 – (EsPCEx-CADETE-2017) Choose the statement in which the word lies is used with the same meaning as in paragraph 1.
  • The challenge of conducting future military operations within megacities (cities with populations over ten million) lies in understanding the dynamic and multidimensional complexities of these urban areas.
(A) He lies in the sun for too long.
(B) His skill lies in his ability to communicate.
(C) I can tell from her face that she lies.
(D) A giant crocodile lies in wait for its prey.
(E) This item always lies over for a next meeting.

 đŸ‘   ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VERBO FRASAL "TO LIE IN SOMETHING",   ESTRUTURAS LINGUÍSTICAS PADRONIZADAS E ESTRUTURAS LINGUÍSTICAS IDIOMÁTICAS :
  • The challenge of conducting future military operations within megacities (cities with populations over ten million) lies in understanding the dynamic and multidimensional complexities of these urban areas.
  • O desafio de conduzir futuras operaçÔes militares em megacidades (cidades com populaçÔes acima de dez milhĂ”es) reside em compreender as complexidades dinĂąmicas e multidimensionais dessas ĂĄreas urbanas.
Choose the statement in which the word lies is used with the same meaning as in paragraph 1.

(A) He lies in the sun for too long.
Ele fica exposto ao sol por muito tempo.
  • "in the sun" (prepositional phrase)
  • Intransitive Verb = TO LIE (= to be on a surface in horizontal position.)
(B) His skill lies in his ability to communicate.
Sua habilidade reside em sua capacidade de se comunicar.
>>DICTIONARY (1):
  • TO LAY IN SOMETHING (phrasal verb) = to exist or be found in something (existir ou  residir em algo).
  • His skill lies in his ability to communicate quite complex ideas very simply.
  • Sua habilidade reside na capacidade de comunicar ideias bastante complexas de forma muito simples..
  • The play's interest lies in the questions it raises about sexuality.
  • O interesse da peça reside nas questĂ”es que ela levanta sobre sexualidade.
(C) I can tell from her face that she lies.
Posso dizer pelo rosto dela que ela mente.
  • TO LIE" (transitive verb)(= to speak falsely, to say things that are not true.)
(D) A giant crocodile lies in wait for its prey.
Um crocodilo gigante Ă  espreita da sua presa.
  • "TO LIE IN WAIT FOR SOMETHING" (Ficar Ă  espreita de algo) is an idiom that means to hide and wait for the right moment to attack. 
(E) This item always lies over for a next meeting.
Este item sempre fica para uma prĂłxima reuniĂŁo.
>>DICTIONARY :
  • TO LIE OVER  = to stay and wait until some future time( ficar e esperar atĂ© algum momento futuro).
  • The other business on the agenda will have to lie over until the next meeting.

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