ESAF 2004 – MRE – ASSISTENTE DE CHANCELARIA – LÍNGUA INGLESA

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❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:

• ESAF-2004-MRE-ASSISTENTE DE CHANCELARIA-03/04/2004.

esaf.fazenda.gov.br

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

• 20 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 5 Options Each Question.
• Texto (1) – | Brazil's foreign policy: A giant stirs | economist.co.uk |
• Texto (2) – | Illusions of Empire: Defining the New American Order | foreignaffairs.org |
• Texto (3) – | Sharon pushes ahead, regardless | economist.co.uk |
• Texto (4) – | Young, liberal and in command | economist.co.uk |
• Texto (5) – | Unhappy families | economist.co.uk |



❑ TEXTO 1: Read the text below in order to answer questions 21 and 22:
Brazil's foreign policy: A giant stirs 
Source: www.economist.co.uk
June 10, 2004 (Adapted)

It is a small force, but of huge symbolic significance. This month, 1,200 Brazilian troops arrived in Haiti, the country’s biggest foreign military deployment since the second world war. Brazil is commanding a United Nations peacekeeping force of 6,700 mainly Latin American troops and 1,600 police which is taking over from American and French forces in the Caribbean island. This marks a new departure. Brazil has long been a gentle and introverted giant, content to be a bystander on the world stage. Now that is changing.

❑ TRADUÇÃO-TEXTO 1:
Brazil's foreign policy: A giant stirs 
A polĂ­tica externa do Brasil: Um gigante se agita 

It is a small force, but of huge symbolic significance. – Ă‰ uma força pequena, mas de enorme significado simbĂłlico.

This month, 1,200 Brazilian troops arrived in Haiti, the country’s biggest foreign military deployment since the second world war. – Este mĂȘs, 1.200 soldados brasileiros chegaram ao Haiti, o maior destacamento militar estrangeiro do paĂ­s desde a Segunda Guerra Mundial.

Brazil is commanding a United Nations peacekeeping force of 6,700 mainly Latin American troops and 1,600 police which is taking over from American and French forces in the Caribbean island. – O Brasil estĂĄ comandando uma força de paz das NaçÔes Unidas composta por 6.700 soldados, principalmente latino-americanos, e 1.600 policiais, que estĂĄ substituindo as forças americanas e francesas na ilha caribenha.

This marks a new departure. – Isto marca um novo ponto de partida.

Brazil has long been a gentle and introverted giant, content to be a bystander on the world stage. – O Brasil hĂĄ muito foi um gigante gentil e introvertido, contente em ser um espectador no cenĂĄrio mundial.

Now that is changing. – Agora isso estĂĄ mudando.

❑ Analyze the alternatives below in order to choose the appropriate translation for the two sentences below into Portuguese: (Analise as alternativas abaixo para escolher a tradução adequada para o portuguĂȘs das duas sentenças abaixo:)

21. (ESAF-2004-MRE-ASSISTENTE DE CHANCELARIA)

 "It is a small force, but of huge symbolic significance." 

(A) É uma força pequena, contudo de imenso simbolismo hegemînico.
(B) Seria uma pequena força cujo sentido simbĂłlico Ă© imensurĂĄvel.
(C) Ă‰ uma força modesta de promissor sentido simbĂłlico.
(D) Foi uma força pequena, porĂ©m de significativo alcance simbĂłlico.
(E) Ă‰ uma pequena força, mas de um imenso significado simbĂłlico.

 đŸ‘  ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito  E 
TÓPICO - TRADUÇÃO:
• "It is a small force, but of huge symbolic significance." –  Ă‰ uma pequena força, mas de um imenso significado simbĂłlico.
- "FORCE" (FORÇA) nos sentido FORÇA-INFLUÊNCIA.
- Verbo to be "IS" no "SIMPLE PRESENT".
- Conjunção adversativa "BUT" (MAS) que une i"deias "opostas" ou "ideias de contra-ponto".
- Adjetivo HUGE (enormous, immense).
- O substantivo  "SIGNIFICANCE", traduzido literalmente por "SIGNIFICADO", no sentido contextual de "IMPORTANCE" (importĂąncia).

22. (ESAF-2004-MRE-ASSISTENTE DE CHANCELARIA)

"Brazil has long been a gentle and introverted giant,…".

(A) O Brasil foi, por um longo perĂ­odo, um gigante gentil e tĂ­mido.
(B) O Brasil tem sido um gigante introvertido e cauteloso.
(C) O Brasil hĂĄ tempos se transformou em um gigante gentil e introvertido.
(D) O Brasil hĂĄ muito tem sido um gigante gentil e introvertido.
(E) O Brasil hĂĄ tempos anseia por acordar o gigante gentil e introvertido.
 đŸ‘  ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - TRADUÇÃO:
• "Brazil has long been a gentle and introverted giant,…" – O Brasil hĂĄ muito tem sido um gigante gentil e introvertido.
• A estrutura ativa no Presente Pefect "HAS LONG BEEN" pode ser traduzido por "HÁ MUITO FOI", "HÁ MUITO TEM SIDO".
• A estrutura nominal "a gentle and introverted giant" pode ser traduzida por "um gigante gentil e introvertido" ou "um gigante generoso e introvertido".

❑ TEXTO 2: Your answers to questions 23 to 27 must be based on the review below, which is entitled "Illusions of Empire: Defining the New American Order".

Illusions of Empire:Defining the New American Order
Source: www.foreignaffairs.org
March/April 2004  (Adapted)
        
In his book The Sorrows of Empire: Militarism, Secrecy, and the End of the Republic, Chalmers Johnson advances the disturbing claim that the United States’ Cold War-era military power and far-flung base system have, in the last decade, been consolidated in a new form of global imperial rule. The United States, according to Johnson, has become “a military juggernaut intent on world domination.”
        
Driven by a triumphalist ideology, an exaggerated sense of threats, and a self-serving military-industrial complex, this juggernaut is tightening its grip on much of the world. The Pentagon has replaced the State Department as the primary shaper of foreign policy. Military commanders in regional headquarters are modern-day proconsuls, warriordiplomats who direct the United States’ imperial reach. Johnson fears that this military empire will corrode democracy, bankrupt the nation, spark opposition, and ultimately end in a Soviet-style collapse.
❑ TRADUÇÃO-TEXTO 2:
Illusions of Empire:Defining the New American Order
IlusÔes de Império: Definindo a Nova Ordem Americana
        
In his book The Sorrows of Empire: Militarism, Secrecy, and the End of the Republic, Chalmers Johnson advances the disturbing claim that the United States’ Cold War-era military power and far-flung base system have, in the last decade, been consolidated in a new form of global imperial rule. – No seu livro The Sorrows of Empire: Militarism, Secrecy, and the End of the Republic, Chalmers Johnson avança a perturbadora afirmação de que o poder militar da era da Guerra Fria e o extenso sistema de bases dos Estados Unidos foram, na Ășltima dĂ©cada, consolidada numa nova forma de domĂ­nio imperial global.

The United States, according to Johnson, has become “a military juggernaut intent on world domination. – ”Os Estados Unidos, segundo Johnson, tornaram-se “um rolo compressor militar com a intenção de dominar o mundo”.
        
Driven by a triumphalist ideology, an exaggerated sense of threats, and a self-serving military-industrial complex, this juggernaut is tightening its grip on much of the world. – Impulsionado por uma ideologia triunfalista, um sentido exagerado de ameaças e um complexo militar-industrial egoĂ­sta, este rolo compressor estĂĄ a reforçar o seu controlo sobre grande parte do mundo.

The Pentagon has replaced the State Department as the primary shaper of foreign policy. – O PentĂĄgono substituiu o Departamento de Estado como principal formador da polĂ­tica externa.

Military commanders in regional headquarters are modern-day proconsuls, warriordiplomats who direct the United States’ imperial reach. – Os comandantes militares nos quartĂ©is-generais regionais sĂŁo os pro-cĂŽnsules modernos, diplomatas guerreiros que dirigem o alcance imperial dos Estados Unidos.

Johnson fears that this military empire will corrode democracy, bankrupt the nation, spark opposition, and ultimately end in a Soviet-style collapse. – Johnson teme que este impĂ©rio militar corroa a democracia, leve a nação Ă  falĂȘncia, desperte a oposição e acabe num colapso ao estilo soviĂ©tico.

23. (ESAF-2004-MRE-ASSISTENTE DE CHANCELARIA)

According to the reviewer, Chalmers Johnson "advances" a disturbing claim. Therefore, he

(A) suggests it for readers to consider.
(B) tends to argue in favour of it.
(C) refuses to assess it.
(D) disregards its relevance.
(E) relates it to previous events.

 đŸ‘  ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - COMPREENSÃO TEXTUAL & VOCABULÁRIO:

24. (ESAF-2004-MRE-ASSISTENTE DE CHANCELARIA)

According to the text, “the primary shaper of foreign policy”

a) would have to be replaced.
b) might have to be overestimated.
c) ought to be neglected.
d) may be unsustainable.
e) has been substituted.
 đŸ‘  ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito  E 
TÓPICO - COMPREENSÃO TEXTUAL & VOCABULÁRIO:

25. (ESAF-2004-MRE-ASSISTENTE DE CHANCELARIA)

One of the author's fears in relation to the American military empire is that it will

a) forbid opposition.
b) disguise any opposition.
c) cause opposition.
d) deter necessary opposition.
e) prevent healthy opposition.
 đŸ‘  ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - COMPREENSÃO TEXTUAL & VOCABULÁRIO:
 
26. (ESAF-2004-MRE-ASSISTENTE DE CHANCELARIA)

The American ideology connotes 

a) hesitation.
b) pride.
c) sensitivity.
d) uncertainty.
e) sympathy.
 đŸ‘  ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - COMPREENSÃO TEXTUAL & VOCABULÁRIO:

27. (ESAF-2004-MRE-ASSISTENTE DE CHANCELARIA)

According to the text,

a) the USA could have emerged as the only superpower.
b) geological and ideological contenders no longer exist.
c) the USA should provide security for the world.
d) a new form of global imperial rule has emerged.
e) the American unipolar age came to an end.
 đŸ‘  ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - COMPREENSÃO TEXTUAL & VOCABULÁRIO:

❑ TEXTO 3: Your answers to questions 28 to 32 must be based on the text below, which is entitled "Sharon pushes ahead, regardless":
Sharon pushes ahead, regardless 
Source: www.economist.co.uk
April 19, 2004 (Adapted)
         
Following his fruitful visit to the White House last week, Israel’s prime minister, Ariel Sharon, has returned home to push ahead with his plan for a “unilateral disengagement”. The plan involves abandoning the Gaza strip by the end of next year while keeping “for all eternity” some chunks of the West Bank where there are already large Jewish settlements. It also includes continuing (in public at least) to express an interest in reaching a diplomatic solution with Palestinian moderates but striking hard at military groups. In pursuit of the latter part of Sharon’s plan, on Saturday April 17th, an Israeli attack helicopter blew up a car carrying Abdel-Aziz Rantisi, who had become Hamas’s chief after an Israeli attack last month killed the Islamist militant group’s previous leader, Sheikh Ahmed Yassin. Since Saturday’s attack, Mr Sharon has won the backing of three influential Israeli ministers for the proposed Gaza pull-out.
        
The assassination of Dr Rantisi (shortly after a Palestinian suicide bomber had killed an Israeli soldier at the main crossing into Gaza) drew outright condemnation from the United Nations, the European Union and Russia – three of the four members of the “Quartet” that drew up the now-tattered “road map” towards peace between Israel and the Palestinians.

❑ TRADUÇÃO-TEXTO 3:
Sharon pushes ahead, regardless
Sharon segue em frente, independentemente

Following his fruitful visit to the White House last week, Israel’s prime minister, Ariel Sharon, has returned home to push ahead with his plan for a “unilateral disengagement”. –ApĂłs a sua frutuosa visita Ă  Casa Branca na semana passada, o primeiro-ministro de Israel, Ariel Sharon, regressou a casa para avançar com o seu plano de "retirada unilateral".

The plan involves abandoning the Gaza strip by the end of next year while keeping “for all eternity” some chunks of the West Bank where there are already large Jewish settlements.  – O plano envolve o abandono da Faixa de Gaza atĂ© ao final do prĂłximo ano, mantendo “para toda a eternidade” alguns pedaços da CisjordĂąnia onde jĂĄ existem grandes colonatos judaicos.

It also includes continuing (in public at least) to express an interest in reaching a diplomatic solution with Palestinian moderates but striking hard at military groups. – Inclui tambĂ©m continuar (pelo menos em pĂșblico) a manifestar interesse em alcançar uma solução diplomĂĄtica com os moderados palestinianos, mas atacando duramente os grupos militares.

In pursuit of the latter part of Sharon’s plan, on Saturday April 17th, an Israeli attack helicopter blew up a car carrying Abdel-Aziz Rantisi, who had become Hamas’s chief after an Israeli attack last month killed the Islamist militant group’s previous leader, Sheikh Ahmed Yassin. – Seguindo a Ășltima parte do plano de Sharon, no sĂĄbado, 17 de abril, um helicĂłptero de ataque israelense explodiu um carro que transportava Abdel-Aziz Rantisi, que se tornara chefe do Hamas depois que um ataque israelense no mĂȘs passado matou o anterior lĂ­der do grupo militante islĂąmico, Sheikh Ahmed Yassin.

Since Saturday’s attack, Mr Sharon has won the backing of three influential Israeli ministers for the proposed Gaza pull-out. – Desde o ataque de sĂĄbado, Sharon conquistou o apoio de trĂȘs influentes ministros israelitas para a proposta de retirada de Gaza.
        
The assassination of Dr Rantisi (shortly after a Palestinian suicide bomber had killed an Israeli soldier at the main crossing into Gaza) drew outright condemnation from the United Nations, the European Union and Russia – three of the four members of the “Quartet” that drew up the now-tattered “road map” towards peace between Israel and the Palestinians. – O assassinato do Dr. Rantisi (pouco depois de um homem-bomba palestiniano ter matado um soldado israelita na principal passagem para Gaza) suscitou a condenação total das NaçÔes Unidas, da UniĂŁo Europeia e da RĂșssia – trĂȘs dos quatro membros do “Quarteto” que atraiu o agora esfarrapado “mapa do caminho” para a paz entre Israel e os palestinianos. 

28. (ESAF-2004-MRE-ASSISTENTE DE CHANCELARIA)

Mr Sharon's visit to the White House

a) had been called off by his own party.
b) was condemned by the European Union.
c) is said to have been productive.
d) will be held in the near future.
e) might take place despite its consequences.
 đŸ‘  ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - COMPREENSÃO TEXTUAL & VOCABULÁRIO:

29. (ESAF-2004-MRE-ASSISTENTE DE CHANCELARIA)
According to Ariel Sharon's plan, the Gaza strip is supposed to be
a) left.
b) invaded.
c) settled.
d) blocked.
e) acknowledged.
 đŸ‘  ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - COMPREENSÃO TEXTUAL & VOCABULÁRIO:

30. (ESAF-2004-MRE-ASSISTENTE DE CHANCELARIA)
The assassination of Dr Rantisi “drew outright condemnation” from the United Nations, the EU and Russia. In other words, it raised
a) a tacit criticism.
b) clear and direct condemnation.
c) a cautious condemnation.
d) an enraged reaction.
e) a diplomatic postponement.
 đŸ‘  ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - COMPREENSÃO TEXTUAL & VOCABULÁRIO:

31. (ESAF-2004-MRE-ASSISTENTE DE CHANCELARIA)
According to the article,
a) Israel refuses to retreat from the Gaza strip.
b) the “Quartet” has pledged its support and assistance.
c) the Gaza withdrawal has been vehemently opposed by the “Quartet”.
d) three Israeli ministers are supporting one of Mr Sharon’s proposals.
e) maintaining the Gaza outposts is a major political concern.
 đŸ‘  ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - COMPREENSÃO TEXTUAL & VOCABULÁRIO:

32. (ESAF-2004-MRE-ASSISTENTE DE CHANCELARIA)

The “Quartet” is the group “that drew up the nowtattered road map” towards peace between Israel and the Palestinians. In other words, a “road map” which is

a) currently under discussion.
b) subject to heavy criticism.
c) in very bad condition.
d) now viable.
e) at last feasible.
 đŸ‘  ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - COMPREENSÃO TEXTUAL & VOCABULÁRIO:

❑ TEXTO 4: Your answers to questions 33 to 37 must be based on the text below, which is entitled "Young, liberal and in command":
Young, liberal and in command
Source: www.economist.co.uk
April 16, 2004 (Adapted)
On Thursday April 15th, the challengers won a crucial battle in their bid to overturn South Korea’s conservative, elitist and business-driven political system. __(1)__ the country’s voters __(1.1)__ able to choose their leaders freely since the late 1980s, many of them, especially younger ones, still consider their brand of democracy to be corrupt, outdated and unfair. Many of the discontented admit __(2)__ enjoyed the comforts that decades of market-friendly policies and high growth have delivered. But they resent the __(3)__ and __(3.1)__ dominance of giant family-controlled business conglomerates, known as chaebol. Their feelings towards the United States, a crucial ally, range from ambivalent to hostile, and they would rather __(4)__ with North Korean threats by placating its prickly regime than by standing up to it. And now, they have convinced mainstream voters to let them __(5)__ the country for the next four years.

❑ Analyze the following grammatical alternatives in order to choose the appropriate one to fill in each of the numbered gaps:

33. (ESAF-2004-MRE-ASSISTENTE DE CHANCELARIA)

Gaps no.1 and no.1.1:

a) However; had been
b) Although; have been
c) Despite; were
d) Though; would have been
e) Nevertheless; have been
 đŸ‘  ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - CONJUNÇÕES:
*Alternativa (A) incorreta: However; had been
Com erro de estrutura verbal , deveria ser "HAVE BEEN"(3ÂȘpp, veja no contexto) e nĂŁo "HAD BEEN"(past perfect).
Uso apropriado do conector HOWEVER(entretanto,embora).
*Alternativa (B) correta: Although; have been
Uso correto do conector ALTHOUGH(inicio de oração) e uso tambĂ©m adequado da estrutura verbal HAVE BEEN que concorda com o sujeito "the country's voters"(3ÂȘ pp).
*Alternativa (C) incorreta: Despite; were
*Alternativa (D) incorreta: Though; would have been
*Alternativa (E) incorreta: "Nevertheless"; have been
Uso inadequado do conector NEVERTHELESS(não inicia oração).

34. (ESAF-2004-MRE-ASSISTENTE DE CHANCELARIA)
Gap no.2:

a) having
b) to have
c) had
d) would have
e) had been
 đŸ‘  ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - FORMA VERBAL:

35. (ESAF-2004-MRE-ASSISTENTE DE CHANCELARIA)

Gaps no.3 and no.3.1:

a) economical and politically
b) economically and politically
c) economical and political
d) economic and political
e) economical and politics
 đŸ‘  ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - COMPREENSÃO TEXTUAL & VOCABULÁRIO:

36. (ESAF-2004-MRE-ASSISTENTE DE CHANCELARIA)

Gap no.4:

a) to deal
b) dealing
c) to dealing
d) have dealt
e) deal
 đŸ‘  ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito  E 
TÓPICO - COMPREENSÃO TEXTUAL & VOCABULÁRIO:

37. (ESAF-2004-MRE-ASSISTENTE DE CHANCELARIA)

Gap no. 5:

a) to run
b) have run
c) run
d) will run
e) running
 đŸ‘  ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - INFINITIVO & GERÚNDIO:

❑ TEXTO 5: Read the text below in order to answer questions 38 to 40:
Unhappy families
Source: www.economist.co.uk
July 1st, 2004 (Adapted)
        
The story of EliĂĄn GonzĂĄlez, a small, shipwrecked Cuban boy who was the center of an international custody battle in 2000, should have taught that splitting families makes for bad politics. Apparently, it seems not to have done.
        
With his eye on holding Florida in this year’s presidential election, George Bush has tightened the rules on contacts between Cuban-Americans and their families back on the island. From June 30th, CubanAmericans can make only one two-week visit every three years, instead of unrestricted annual visits. They will not be able to send as much money to people on the island, and none beyond their immediate families. All humanitarian visits have been scrapped.
❑ TRADUÇÃO-TEXTO 5:
Unhappy families
FamĂ­lias infelizes
        
The story of EliĂĄn GonzĂĄlez, a small, shipwrecked Cuban boy who was the center of an international custody battle in 2000, should have taught that splitting families makes for bad politics. – A histĂłria de EliĂĄn GonzĂĄlez, um pequeno menino cubano naufragado que foi o centro de uma batalha internacional pela custĂłdia em 2000, deveria ter ensinado que a divisĂŁo das famĂ­lias contribui para uma mĂĄ polĂ­tica.

Apparently, it seems not to have done – .Aparentemente, parece que nĂŁo.
        
With his eye on holding Florida in this year’s presidential election, George Bush has tightened the rules on contacts between Cuban-Americans and their families back on the island. – Com o objectivo de manter a Florida nas eleiçÔes presidenciais deste ano, George Bush reforçou as regras sobre os contactos entre os cubano-americanos e as suas famĂ­lias na ilha.

From June 30th, Cuban Americans can make only one two-week visit every three years, instead of unrestricted annual visits.A partir de 30 de junho, os cubano-americanos poderĂŁo fazer apenas uma visita de duas semanas a cada trĂȘs anos, em vez de visitas anuais irrestritas.

They will not be able to send as much money to people on the island, and none beyond their immediate families. – Eles nĂŁo poderĂŁo enviar tanto dinheiro para as pessoas da ilha, e ninguĂ©m alĂ©m das suas famĂ­lias imediatas.

All humanitarian visits have been scrapped. – Todas as visitas humanitĂĄrias foram canceladas.

❑ Analyze the following alternatives in order to find the appropriate translation for their underlined pieces into Portuguese: (Analise as seguintes alternativas para encontrar a tradução adequada para o portuguĂȘs dos trechos sublinhados)

38. (ESAF-2004-MRE-ASSISTENTE DE CHANCELARIA)

“should have taught that splitting families makes for bad politics.”

a) Deveria ter ensinado.
b) Poderia ter ensinado.
c) DeverĂĄ ensinar.
d) Teria ensinado.
e) TerĂĄ ensinado.
 đŸ‘  ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - TRADUÇÃO:

39. (ESAF-2004-MRE-ASSISTENTE DE CHANCELARIA)

“George Bush has tightened the rules on contacts between Cuban-Americans and their families back on the island.”

a) George Bush tem aprimorado as regras.
b) George Bush restringiu as regras.
c) George Bush modificarĂĄ as regras.
d) George Bush tem expandido as regras.
e) George Bush oficializou as regras.
 đŸ‘  ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - TRADUÇÃO:

40. (ESAF-2004-MRE-ASSISTENTE DE CHANCELARIA)
“All humanitarian visits have been scrapped.”
a) Todas as visitas humanitĂĄrias foram suspensas.
b) As visitas humanitĂĄrias tĂȘm sido abandonadas.
c) Todas as visitas humanitĂĄrias foram regulamentadas.
d) IncontĂĄveis visitas humanitĂĄrias tĂȘm sido extraoficiais.
e) Todas as visitas humanitĂĄrias tĂȘm sido assistidas.
 đŸ‘  ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - TRADUÇÃO:
Gabarito:
[21E][22D][23A][24E][25C][26B][27D][28C][29A][30B][31D][32C][33B][34A][35D][36E][37C][38A][39B][40A]

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