Postagens
❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: PUC/RIO-2009-VESTIBULAR DE INVERNO-05/07/2009.
https://www.puc-rio.br/vestibular/
❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:
➭ 10 Multiple Choice Questions / 4 Options Each Question.
➭ Text – The Case for Working with your Hands | www.nytimes.com |
❑ GABARITO:
01-B, 02-A, 03-A, 04-A, 05-D
06-A, 07-C, 08-A, 09-B, 10-B
❑ PROVA:
❑ TRADUÇÃO - TEXTO:
The Case for Working with your Hands
O caso para trabalhar com as mãos
Matthew B. Crawford
Quando elogiamos as pessoas que fazem um trabalho que é diretamente útil, o elogio revela muitas vezes a suposição de que elas não tinham outras opções. Idealizamo-las como o sal da terra e salientamos o sacrifício que o seu trabalho pode implicar para os outros. Esse sacrifício ocorre de fato - vêm-nos à mente os perigos enfrentados por um técnico de eletricidade que restaura a energia durante uma tempestade.
But what if such work answers as well to a basic human need of the one who does it? I take this to be the suggestion of Marge Piercy’s poem “To Be of Use”, which concludes with the lines “the pitcher longs for water to carry/ and a person for work that is real”. Beneath our gratitude for the lineman may rest envy.
Mas e se esse trabalho responder também a uma necessidade humana básica de quem o faz? Penso que esta é a sugestão do poema de Marge Piercy "To Be of Use", que termina com os versos "o cântaro anseia por água para transportar/ e uma pessoa por um trabalho que seja real". Por detrás da nossa gratidão para com o atacante pode estar a inveja.
This seems to be a moment when the useful arts have an especially compelling economic rationale. A car mechanics’ trade association reports that repair shops have seen their business jump significantly in the current recession: people aren’t buying new cars; they are fixing the ones they have. The current downturn is likely to pass eventually.
This seems to be a moment when the useful arts have an especially compelling economic rationale. A car mechanics’ trade association reports that repair shops have seen their business jump significantly in the current recession: people aren’t buying new cars; they are fixing the ones they have. The current downturn is likely to pass eventually.
Este parece ser um momento em que as artes úteis têm uma justificação econômica especialmente convincente. Uma associação profissional de mecânicos de automóveis relata que as oficinas de reparação viram o seu negócio aumentar significativamente na atual recessão: as pessoas não estão comprando carros novos; estão consertandoos que têm. É provável que a atual recessão acabe por passar.
But there are also systemic changes in the economy, arising from information technology, that have the surprising effect of making the manual trades - plumbing, electrical work, car repair – more attractive as careers.
Mas há também mudanças sistêmicas na economia, decorrentes da tecnologia da informação, que têm o surpreendente efeito de tornar os ofícios manuais - encanador, eletricista, mecânico de automóveis - mais atraentes como carreiras.
The Princeton economist Alan Blinder argues that the crucial distinction in the emerging labor market is not between those with more or less education, but between those whose services can be delivered over a wire and those who must do their work in person or on site.
O economista de Princeton, Alan Blinder, argumenta que a distinção crucial no mercado de trabalho emergente não é entre aqueles com mais ou menos educação, mas entre aqueles cujos serviços podem ser prestados por fio e aqueles que devem fazer seu trabalho pessoalmente ou no local.
The latter will find their livelihood more secure against outsourcing to distant countries. As Blinder puts it, “you can’t hammer a nail over the Internet.” Nor can the Indians fix your car. Because they are in India.
Estes últimos verão a sua subsistência mais segura contra a externalização para países distantes. Como diz Blinder, "não se pode martelar um prego através da Internet". Nem os indianos podem reparar o seu carro. Porque estão na Índia.
If the goal is to earn a living, then, maybe it isn’t really true that 18-year-olds need to be imparted with a sense of panic about getting into college (though they certainly need to learn). Some people are hustled off to college, then to the cubicle, against their own inclinations and natural bents, when they would rather be learning to build things or fix things (…).
Se o objetivo é ganhar a vida, então, talvez não seja verdade que os jovens de 18 anos precisem de ser incutidos de um sentimento de pânico para entrar na universidade (embora precisem certamente de aprender). Algumas pessoas são empurradas para a universidade e depois para o cubículo, contra as suas próprias inclinações e tendências naturais, quando preferiam estar a aprender a construir coisas ou a reparar coisas (...).
A gifted young person who chooses to become a mechanic rather than to accumulate academic credentials is viewed as eccentric, if not self-destructive. There is a pervasive anxiety among parents that there is only one track to success for their children. It runs through a series of gates controlled by prestigious institutions.
Estes últimos verão a sua subsistência mais segura contra a externalização para países distantes. Como diz Blinder, "não se pode martelar um prego através da Internet". Nem os indianos podem reparar o seu carro. Porque estão na Índia.
If the goal is to earn a living, then, maybe it isn’t really true that 18-year-olds need to be imparted with a sense of panic about getting into college (though they certainly need to learn). Some people are hustled off to college, then to the cubicle, against their own inclinations and natural bents, when they would rather be learning to build things or fix things (…).
Se o objetivo é ganhar a vida, então, talvez não seja verdade que os jovens de 18 anos precisem de ser incutidos de um sentimento de pânico para entrar na universidade (embora precisem certamente de aprender). Algumas pessoas são empurradas para a universidade e depois para o cubículo, contra as suas próprias inclinações e tendências naturais, quando preferiam estar a aprender a construir coisas ou a reparar coisas (...).
A gifted young person who chooses to become a mechanic rather than to accumulate academic credentials is viewed as eccentric, if not self-destructive. There is a pervasive anxiety among parents that there is only one track to success for their children. It runs through a series of gates controlled by prestigious institutions.
Um jovem dotado que opta por se tornar mecânico em vez de acumular credenciais acadêmicas é visto como excêntrico, se não mesmo autodestrutivo. Existe uma ansiedade generalizada entre os pais de que existe apenas um caminho para o sucesso dos seus filhos. Esta passa por uma série de portas controladas por instituições de prestígio.
a) people who do manual work are less capable than others.
b) people do manual work because they have no other alternative.
c) manual work is the choice of minorities who do not have access to the University.
d) underlying the choice for manual work there is a real human desire to be of use.
e) the choice for manual work is a natural one for human beings.
Adapted from http://www.nytimes.com
Published: May 24, 2009
1. In the first paragraph of the text the author SEEMS TO THINK that a) people who do manual work are less capable than others.
b) people do manual work because they have no other alternative.
c) manual work is the choice of minorities who do not have access to the University.
d) underlying the choice for manual work there is a real human desire to be of use.
e) the choice for manual work is a natural one for human beings.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito D
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
In the first paragraph of the text the author SEEMS TO THINK that
No primeiro parágrafo do texto, o autor PARECE PENSAR que
a) people who do manual work are less capable than others. – pessoas que fazem trabalho manual são menos capazes que outras.
b) people do manual work because they have no other alternative. – as pessoas fazem trabalho manual porque não têm outra alternativa.
c) manual work is the choice of minorities who do not have access to the University. – trabalho manual é a escolha das minorias que não têm acesso à Universidade.
d) underlying the choice for manual work there is a real human desire to be of use. – subjacente à escolha do trabalho manual, existe um desejo humano real de ser útil.
e) the choice for manual work is a natural one for human beings. – a escolha pelo trabalho manual é natural para os seres humanos
2. Mark the only TRUE statement concerning the ideas in paragraph 2:
a) Nowadays, when choosing a career, one must have in mind global competition.
b) Systemic changes in the economy caused by technology affect job markets.
c) Young people should think about outsourcing when choosing a career.
d) The jobs which require the presence of the worker are not attractive.
e) The Internet has affected the way we look for jobs.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito B
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
Mark the only TRUE statement concerning the ideas in paragraph 2:
Marque a única afirmação VERDADEIRA sobre as ideias do parágrafo 2:
a) Nowadays, when choosing a career, one must have in mind global competition. – Atualmente, ao escolher uma carreira, é preciso ter em conta a concorrência global.
b) Systemic changes in the economy caused by technology affect job markets. – As mudanças sistêmicas na economia causadas pela tecnologia afetam os mercados de trabalho.
c) Young people should think about outsourcing when choosing a career. – Os jovens devem pensar no outsourcing quando escolhem uma carreira.
d) The jobs which require the presence of the worker are not attractive. – Os empregos que exigem a presença do trabalhador não são atrativos.
e) The Internet has affected the way we look for jobs. – A Internet afectou a forma como procuramos emprego.
a) Nowadays, when choosing a career, one must have in mind global competition. – Atualmente, ao escolher uma carreira, é preciso ter em conta a concorrência global.
b) Systemic changes in the economy caused by technology affect job markets. – As mudanças sistêmicas na economia causadas pela tecnologia afetam os mercados de trabalho.
c) Young people should think about outsourcing when choosing a career. – Os jovens devem pensar no outsourcing quando escolhem uma carreira.
d) The jobs which require the presence of the worker are not attractive. – Os empregos que exigem a presença do trabalhador não são atrativos.
e) The Internet has affected the way we look for jobs. – A Internet afectou a forma como procuramos emprego.
3. According to the author, Alan Blinder’s ARGUMENT (Lines 13-16) is that
a) education is more important than where you work.
a) education is more important than where you work.
b) the distinction between the market and education is crucial.
c) delivery of computer services is more important than manual work is.
d) less educated people work on site, and more educated ones work via computers.
e) the emerging labor market distinguishes between virtual workers and on site workers.
c) delivery of computer services is more important than manual work is.
d) less educated people work on site, and more educated ones work via computers.
e) the emerging labor market distinguishes between virtual workers and on site workers.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito E
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
According to the author, Alan Blinder’s ARGUMENT (Lines 13-16) is that
De acordo com o autor, o ARGUMENTO de Alan Blinder é que
a) education is more important than where you work. – a educação é mais importante do que o local onde se trabalha.
a) education is more important than where you work. – a educação é mais importante do que o local onde se trabalha.
b) the distinction between the market and education is crucial. – a distinção entre o mercado e a educação é crucial.
c) delivery of computer services is more important than manual work is. – a prestação de serviços informáticos é mais importante do que o trabalho manual.
d) less educated people work on site, and more educated ones work via computers. – as pessoas menos instruídas trabalham no local e as mais instruídas trabalham através de computadores.
e) the emerging labor market distinguishes between virtual workers and on site workers. – o mercado de trabalho emergente distingue entre trabalhadores virtuais e trabalhadores no local.
c) delivery of computer services is more important than manual work is. – a prestação de serviços informáticos é mais importante do que o trabalho manual.
d) less educated people work on site, and more educated ones work via computers. – as pessoas menos instruídas trabalham no local e as mais instruídas trabalham através de computadores.
e) the emerging labor market distinguishes between virtual workers and on site workers. – o mercado de trabalho emergente distingue entre trabalhadores virtuais e trabalhadores no local.
4. Choose THE BEST INTERPRETATION for the statement:
“Beneath our gratitude for the lineman may rest envy”.(Line 7)
“Beneath our gratitude for the lineman may rest envy”.(Line 7)
a) People who work with their hands envy other people.
b) People are happy for those who do work with their hands.
c) People in general would really prefer to do manual work.
d) People both admire and envy those who do manual work.
e) People generally hide their feelings of gratitude for manual workers.
b) People are happy for those who do work with their hands.
c) People in general would really prefer to do manual work.
d) People both admire and envy those who do manual work.
e) People generally hide their feelings of gratitude for manual workers.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito D
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
Choose THE BEST INTERPRETATION for the statement:
“Beneath our gratitude for the lineman may rest envy”.(Line 7)
“Beneath our gratitude for the lineman may rest envy”.(Line 7)
Escolhe a MELHOR INTERPRETAÇÃO para a frase:
"Por detrás da nossa gratidão para com o atacante pode estar a inveja".
a) People who work with their hands envy other people. – As pessoas que trabalham com as mãos invejam as outras pessoas.
b) People are happy for those who do work with their hands. – As pessoas ficam felizes por aqueles que trabalham com as mãos.
b) People are happy for those who do work with their hands. – As pessoas ficam felizes por aqueles que trabalham com as mãos.
c) People in general would really prefer to do manual work. – As pessoas, em geral, preferem fazer trabalhos manuais.
d) People both admire and envy those who do manual work. – As pessoas admiram e invejam as aquelas que fazem trabalhos manuais.
e) People generally hide their feelings of gratitude for manual workers. – As pessoas geralmente escondem os seus sentimentos de gratidão pelos trabalhadores manuais.
5. Identify the meaning WHICH DOES NOT correspond exactly to the underlined item.
a) In “the hazards faced by a lineman” (line 3) “hazards” could be replaced by “dangers”.
b) In “the current downturn is likely to pass” (line 11) “likely” means “probable”.
c) In “maybe it isn’t really true” (line 19) “maybe” means “possible”.
d) In “they certainly need to learn” (line 20) “certainly” means “surely”.
e) In “they would rather be learning” (line 22) “would rather” means “to be obliged”.
a) In “the hazards faced by a lineman” (line 3) “hazards” could be replaced by “dangers”.
b) In “the current downturn is likely to pass” (line 11) “likely” means “probable”.
c) In “maybe it isn’t really true” (line 19) “maybe” means “possible”.
d) In “they certainly need to learn” (line 20) “certainly” means “surely”.
e) In “they would rather be learning” (line 22) “would rather” means “to be obliged”.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito E
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
6. Choose the one INCORRECT answer. In the text we learn that people who do manual work
a) are often highly appreciated because the work they do is useful.
b) are sometimes seen as eccentric.
c) make sacrifices in order to help others.
d) are not really interested in doing this kind of work.
e) are in careers that have become more needed in recent years.
a) are often highly appreciated because the work they do is useful.
b) are sometimes seen as eccentric.
c) make sacrifices in order to help others.
d) are not really interested in doing this kind of work.
e) are in careers that have become more needed in recent years.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito D
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
Choose the one INCORRECT answer. In the text we learn that people who do manual work
Escolha a única resposta INCORRETA. No texto aprendemos que as pessoas que fazem trabalhos manuais
a) are often highly appreciated because the work they do is useful. – são frequentemente muito apreciadas porque o trabalho que efetuam é útil.
b) are sometimes seen as eccentric. – são por vezes vistas como excêntricas.
c) make sacrifices in order to help others. – fazem sacrifícios para ajudar os outros.
d) are not really interested in doing this kind of work. – não estão verdadeiramente interessadas em fazer este tipo de trabalho.
e) are in careers that have become more needed in recent years. – estão em carreiras que se tornaram mais necessárias nos últimos anos.
a) are often highly appreciated because the work they do is useful. – são frequentemente muito apreciadas porque o trabalho que efetuam é útil.
b) are sometimes seen as eccentric. – são por vezes vistas como excêntricas.
c) make sacrifices in order to help others. – fazem sacrifícios para ajudar os outros.
d) are not really interested in doing this kind of work. – não estão verdadeiramente interessadas em fazer este tipo de trabalho.
e) are in careers that have become more needed in recent years. – estão em carreiras que se tornaram mais necessárias nos últimos anos.
7. Mark the only CORRECT statement:
a) In “their work may entail” (line 3), “entail” can be replaced by “conclude”.
b) In “come to mind” (line 4), “come” can be replaced by “arrive”.
c) In “I take this to be” (line 5), “take” can be replaced by “understand”.
d) In “changes in the economy, arising from” (lines 11-12), “arising” can be replaced by “increasing”.
e) In “need to be imparted with” (lines 19-20), “imparted” can be replaced by “removed”.
a) In “their work may entail” (line 3), “entail” can be replaced by “conclude”.
b) In “come to mind” (line 4), “come” can be replaced by “arrive”.
c) In “I take this to be” (line 5), “take” can be replaced by “understand”.
d) In “changes in the economy, arising from” (lines 11-12), “arising” can be replaced by “increasing”.
e) In “need to be imparted with” (lines 19-20), “imparted” can be replaced by “removed”.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito C
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
8. In the sentence: “The latter will find their livelihoods more secure against outsourcing to distant countries” (lines 16-17), the author MEANS that
a) those whose work depends on the internet will certainly lose their jobs.
b) those who do manual work will not lose their jobs to people in other countries.
c) to be more secure nowadays people must be able to work with their hands.
d) those whose job involves intellectual work will live longer.
e) manual workers will find more jobs in other countries.
a) those whose work depends on the internet will certainly lose their jobs.
b) those who do manual work will not lose their jobs to people in other countries.
c) to be more secure nowadays people must be able to work with their hands.
d) those whose job involves intellectual work will live longer.
e) manual workers will find more jobs in other countries.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito B
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
In the sentence: “The latter will find their livelihoods more secure against outsourcing to distant countries” (lines 16-17), the author MEANS that
Na sentença: "Estes últimos terão a sua subsistência mais segura face à externalização para países distantes" , o autor quer dizer que
a) those whose work depends on the internet will certainly lose their jobs. – aqueles cujo trabalho depende da Internet perderão certamente o seu emprego.
b) those who do manual work will not lose their jobs to people in other countries. – quem faz trabalhos manuais não perderá o emprego para pessoas de outros países.
c) to be more secure nowadays people must be able to work with their hands. – para ter mais segurança, hoje em dia, é preciso saber trabalhar com as mãos.
d) those whose job involves intellectual work will live longer. – as pessoas que têm um trabalho intelectual viverão mais tempo.
e) manual workers will find more jobs in other countries. – os trabalhadores manuais encontrarão mais emprego noutros países.
a) those whose work depends on the internet will certainly lose their jobs. – aqueles cujo trabalho depende da Internet perderão certamente o seu emprego.
b) those who do manual work will not lose their jobs to people in other countries. – quem faz trabalhos manuais não perderá o emprego para pessoas de outros países.
c) to be more secure nowadays people must be able to work with their hands. – para ter mais segurança, hoje em dia, é preciso saber trabalhar com as mãos.
d) those whose job involves intellectual work will live longer. – as pessoas que têm um trabalho intelectual viverão mais tempo.
e) manual workers will find more jobs in other countries. – os trabalhadores manuais encontrarão mais emprego noutros países.
9. Mark the only one INCORRECT answer: In paragraph 4, we can infer that
a) parents disapprove of their children’s choice of doing manual work as an occupation.
b) parents should not feel that their children’s success depends on going to university.
c) people think that talented young people should go to university.
d) a university diploma has more value than mechanical skills.
e) doing manual work leads to self-destruction.
b) parents should not feel that their children’s success depends on going to university.
c) people think that talented young people should go to university.
d) a university diploma has more value than mechanical skills.
e) doing manual work leads to self-destruction.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito E
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
Mark the only one INCORRECT answer: In paragraph 4, we can infer that
Assinale a única resposta INCORRETA: No parágrafo 4, podemos inferir que
a) parents disapprove of their children’s choice of doing manual work as an occupation. – os pais desaprovam a opção dos filhos por trabalhos manuais como ocupação.
b) parents should not feel that their children’s success depends on going to university. – os pais não devem achar que o sucesso dos seus filhos depende da frequência da universidade.
c) people think that talented young people should go to university. – as pessoas acham que os jovens talentosos devem ir para a universidade.
d) a university diploma has more value than mechanical skills. – o diploma universitário tem mais valor do que as competências mecânicas.
e) doing manual work leads to self-destruction. – o trabalho manual conduz à auto-destruição.
b) parents should not feel that their children’s success depends on going to university. – os pais não devem achar que o sucesso dos seus filhos depende da frequência da universidade.
c) people think that talented young people should go to university. – as pessoas acham que os jovens talentosos devem ir para a universidade.
d) a university diploma has more value than mechanical skills. – o diploma universitário tem mais valor do que as competências mecânicas.
e) doing manual work leads to self-destruction. – o trabalho manual conduz à auto-destruição.
10. Mark the only CORRECT answer for the items:
(1) We idealize them as the salt of the earth (line 2) (2) But what if such work answers as well (line 4)
(3) More attractive as careers (line 13)
(4) As Blinder puts it (line 17)
(5) A gifted young person. . .is viewed as eccentric (lines 23-24)
a) The word “as” in (1) tells us about the perceived character of the people.
b) The word “as” in (2) is part of a condition in relation to manual work.
c) The word “as” in (3) suggests that manual trades are better than careers.
d) The word “as” in (4) means the author is giving a reason for the statement.
e) The word “as” in (5) gives the idea that causality explains the perceptions.
(3) More attractive as careers (line 13)
(4) As Blinder puts it (line 17)
(5) A gifted young person. . .is viewed as eccentric (lines 23-24)
a) The word “as” in (1) tells us about the perceived character of the people.
b) The word “as” in (2) is part of a condition in relation to manual work.
c) The word “as” in (3) suggests that manual trades are better than careers.
d) The word “as” in (4) means the author is giving a reason for the statement.
e) The word “as” in (5) gives the idea that causality explains the perceptions.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito A
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
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