1️⃣The first extract – | Japan’s shipyards remain intact after quake | www.australianmerchantnavy.com |
đą 20 Multiple Choice Questions | Five-Option Question |
đš THE FIRST EXTRACT:
Os estaleiros navais japoneses permanecem intactos apĂłs o terramoto
Japan's major shipyards escaped the full impact of the March 11 earthquake and tsunami that struck the northeastern coast of the country with full force.
(Os principais estaleiros navais do JapĂŁo escaparam ao impacto total do terramoto e do tsunami de 11 de março que atingiram com toda força a costa nordeste do paĂs.)
An official at the Japan Ship Exporters’ Association said the devastating natural disaster “will have no impact on future export ship orders at all”.
(Um funcionårio da Associação de Exportadores de Navios do Japão afirmou que o desastre natural devastador" não terå qualquer impacto nas futuras encomendas de navios de exportação".)
(Embora vårios pequenos estaleiros nas åreas atingidas pelo terremoto tenham sido afetados, os principais estaleiros japoneses que constroem grandes navios para exportação estão concentrados no oeste do Japão e permanecem intactos, disse o funcionårio.)
Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding sustained “slight material damages” in the company’s Kasai Center and Chiba Works but did not consider such slight damages would cause serious impact on operations.
("Leves danos materiais"contĂnuos da Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding no Centro Kasai e nas obras de Chiba, mas nĂŁo se considerou que tais danos leves pudessem causar impacto grave nas operaçÔes.)
“The rotational schedule of interruption of power supply due to the earthquake may affect our operation at our works and subsidiaries.
(O horĂĄrio rotativo das quedas de energia devido ao terremoto pode afetar o funcionamento das nossas fĂĄbricas e filiais.)
However, the degree of the impact is not known now,” the company said in a statement.
(No entanto, o grau do impacto Ă© desconhecido no momento", afirmou a empresa num comunicado.)
Japanese export ship orders rose for the 15th consecutive month in February a year-on-year basis.
(Os pedidos de navios de exportação japoneses subiram pelo 15Âș mĂȘs consecutivo em fevereiro, numa base anual.)
Japanese shipbuilders received orders for 277 export vessels – 259 bulk carriers, 10 oil tankers and eight general cargo vessels – in the April-February period.
(Os construtores navais japoneses receberam pedidos para 277 embarcaçÔes de exportação (259 navios graneleiros, 10 petroleiros e 8 navios de carga geral) no perĂodo de abril a fevereiro.)
- (Adapted from:www.australianmerchantnavy.com,March 2011)
đš THE SECOND EXTRACT:
Tsnunami Debris Expected on U.S. Shores in 3 Years
Espera-se que os destroços do tsunami cheguem às costas dos EUA em 3 anos
The powerful tsunami triggered by the 9.0 Japanese earthquake destroyed coastal towns near Sendai, washing such things as houses and cars into the ocean.
(O poderoso tsunami desencadeado pelo terremoto japonĂȘs de 9,0, destruiu cidades costeiras perto de Sendai, arrastando para o oceano coisas como casas e carros.)
Projections of where this debris might head have been made at the international Pacific Research Center, university of Hawaii at Manoa.
(O Centro Internacional de Investigação do PacĂfico, da Universidade do Havai em Manoa, efetuou projeçÔes sobre o destino destes destroços.)
What their model predicts about the tsunami debris is that they first spread out eastward from the Japan Coast in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre.
(O modelo prevĂȘ que os destroços do tsunami se espalhem primeiro para leste, a partir da costa do JapĂŁo, no Giro Subtropical do PacĂfico Norte.)
In a year, the Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument will see pieces washing up on its shores;
(Dentro de um ano, o Monumento Nacional Marinho de Papahanaumokuakea verå pedaços a aparecerem nas suas costas;)
in two years, the remaining Hawaiian islands will see some effects;
(dentro de dois anos, as restantes ilhas havaianas verĂŁo alguns efeitos;)
in three years, the plume will reach the US West Coast, dumping debris on Californian beaches and the beaches of British Columbia, Alaska, and Baja California.
(dentro de trĂȘs anos, a pluma chegarĂĄ Ă costa oeste dos EUA, despejando detritos nas praias da CalifĂłrnia e nas praias da ColĂșmbia BritĂąnica, do Alasca e da Baixa CalifĂłrnia.)
The debris will then drift into the famous floating junk yard, the North Pacific Garbage Patch, where it will wander around and break into smaller and smaller pieces.
(Os destroços serĂŁo depois arrastados para o famoso depĂłsito de lixo flutuante, a Mancha de Lixo do PacĂfico Norte, onde vaguearĂŁo e se partirĂŁo em pedaços cada vez mais pequenos.)
In five years, Hawaii shores can expect to see another barrage of debris that is stronger and longer-lasting than the first one.
(Dentro de cinco anos, as costas do Havai podem esperar ver outra barragem de detritos, mais forte e mais duradoura do que a primeira.)
Much of the debris leaving the North Pacific Garbage Patch ends up on Hawaii’s reefs and beaches.
(Grande parte dos detritos que saem da Mancha de Lixo do PacĂfico Norte acaba nos recifes e nas praias do Havai.)
These model projections will help to guide clean-up and tracking operations.
(Estas projeçÔes do modelo ajudarão a orientar as operaçÔes de limpeza e rastreio.)
- (Adapted from: www.geog.ucsb.edu, April 2011)
01 – Acoording to the first extract, it is correct to say that:
a) Japanese shipyards that build large vessels were virtually unharmed by the impact of the tsunami.
b) all Japanese shipyards are not located on the path of the tsunami.
c) Japanese shipyards located on the path of the tsunami were slightly affected by the devastating waves.
d) shipyards in northwestern Japan were the most affected by the earthquake and tsunami.
e) the earthquake and tsunami will have a big impact on the Japanese shipyard industry over the next decade.
b) all Japanese shipyards are not located on the path of the tsunami.
c) Japanese shipyards located on the path of the tsunami were slightly affected by the devastating waves.
d) shipyards in northwestern Japan were the most affected by the earthquake and tsunami.
e) the earthquake and tsunami will have a big impact on the Japanese shipyard industry over the next decade.
• Gabarito A
➡️COMANDO DA QUESTĂO:
✔️Identificar a OPĂĂO mais precisa e fundamentada no primeiro extrato.
➡️LET'S ANALYSE THE OPTIONS:
(A)✅CORRETAđ Japanese shipyards that build large vessels were virtually unharmed by the impact of the tsunami.
✔️(Os estaleiros japoneses que constroem grandes embarcaçÔes praticamente nĂŁo foram afetados pelo impacto do tsunami.)
✔️De acordo com o extrato, os principais estaleiros japoneses, especialmente aqueles envolvidos na construção de grandes embarcaçÔes, nĂŁo foram severamente afetados. Esses grandes estaleiros geralmente estĂŁo localizados em ĂĄreas que nĂŁo estavam na trajetĂłria direta do tsunami ou tinham melhor proteção. VĂȘ trecho:
✔️"[...] Although several small shipyards in the quake-hit areas were affected, major Japanese shipyards that build large vessels for exports are concentrated in western Japan and remain intact, the official said."
✔️ As expressĂ”es "were virtually unharmed"(ficaram praticamente ilesos) e "remain intact"(permanecem intactos) expressam a mesma ideia.
(B)đŽERRADAđ all Japanese shipyards are not located on the path of the tsunami.
❌(Todos os estaleiros japoneses nĂŁo estĂŁo localizados na trajetĂłria do tsunami.)
✔️Opção (b) expressa generalização exagerada; alguns estaleiros foram sim afetados. VĂȘ o trecho:
✔️"[...] Although several small shipyards in the quake-hit areas were affected...".
✔️(Embora vĂĄrios pequenos estaleiros nas ĂĄreas atingidas pelo terremoto tenham sido afetados,).
(C)đŽERRADAđ Japanese shipyards located on the path of the tsunami were slightly affected by the devastating waves.
❌(Os estaleiros japoneses localizados na trajetĂłria do tsunami foram levemente afetados pelas ondas devastadoras.)
✔️Na opção (c), a frase "foram levemente afetados" expressa imprecisĂŁo.
✔️Infere-se que, os estaleiros de grandes embarcaçÔes "praticamente nĂŁo sofreram danos", conforme que trecho:
✔️"[...] major Japanese shipyards that build large vessels for exports are concentrated in western Japan and remain intact, the official said."
✔️"foram levemente afetados" transmite ideia diferente de "praticamente nĂŁo sofreram danos".
(D)đŽERRADAđ shipyards in northwestern Japan were the most affected by the earthquake and tsunami.
❌(Os estaleiros no noroeste do JapĂŁo foram os mais afetados pelo terremoto e tsunami.
✔️Na opção (d), apresenta 02 erros semĂąnticos:
✔️ Semantic Error 1: O certo Ă© "IN WESTERN JAPAN"(no oeste do JapĂŁo) e nĂŁo "in northwestern Japan"(no noroeste do JapĂŁo).
✔️ Semantic Error 2: O certo Ă© "REMAIN INTACT"(permanecem intactos) e nĂŁo "were the most affected".
✔️VĂȘ o trecho:
✔️"[...] Although several small shipyards in the quake-hit areas were affected, major Japanese shipyards that build large vessels for exports are concentrated in western Japan and remain intact, the official said." .
(E)đŽERRADAđ the earthquake and tsunami will have a big impact on the Japanese shipyard industry over the next decade.
❌(O terremoto e o tsunami terĂŁo um grande impacto na indĂșstria naval japonesa na prĂłxima dĂ©cada.)
✔️A opção (E) contradiz o trecho:
✔️"[...] will have no impact on future export ship orders at all”.
✔️(nĂŁo terĂĄ nenhum impacto nos futuros pedidos de navios de exportação.)
02 – Read the following piece from extract 1 "The rotational schedule of interruption of power supply due to the earthquake may affect our operation at our works and subsidiaries."
It may be inferred that:
a) Operations will be greatly affected by the constant interruption of power supply.
b) The earthquake caused the interruption of power supply without any consequences to the operations.
c) Some operations are expected to be affected by the interruption of power supply.
d) Subsidiaries and works will benefit from the power supply due to the earthquake.
e) Power supply was not affected by the earthquake and operations will continue.
b) The earthquake caused the interruption of power supply without any consequences to the operations.
c) Some operations are expected to be affected by the interruption of power supply.
d) Subsidiaries and works will benefit from the power supply due to the earthquake.
e) Power supply was not affected by the earthquake and operations will continue.
• Gabarito C
➡️COMANDO DA QUESTĂO:
✔️QuestĂŁo clĂĄssica de INFERĂNCIA e pede a opção que reflete a ideia implĂcita ou fundamentada na sentença: "The rotational schedule of interruption of power supply due to the earthquake may affect our operation at our works and subsidiaries."
➡️ANĂLISE DA SENTENĂA :
✔️"The rotational schedule of interruption of power supply due to the earthquake may affect our operation at our works and subsidiaries."
✔️O cronograma rotativo de interrupção do fornecimento de energia devido ao terremoto, pode afetar nossas operaçÔes em nossas fĂĄbricas e subsidiĂĄrias.
✔️"may affect" indica que hĂĄ possibilidade de algum impacto, mas nĂŁo necessariamente de interrupção grave ou total.
✔️O cronograma rotativo "The rotational schedule", que gramaticalmente Ă© o nĂșcleo do sujeito da oração, sugere que, as interrupçÔes de energia sĂŁo planejadas e temporĂĄrias, nĂŁo constantes ou totais.
✔️"may affect", que gramaticalmente faz a concordĂąncia verbal com o nĂșcleo do sujeito, indica que hĂĄ possibilidade de algum impacto, mas nĂŁo necessariamente de interrupção grave ou total.
✔️O tom da informação Ă© cautelosa, nĂŁo alarmista.
➡️LET'S ANALYSE THE OPTIONS:
❌(As operaçÔes serĂŁo grandemente afetadas pela interrupção constante do fornecimento de energia.)
✔️"will be greatly affected by", usada na opção, transmite ideia diferente da expressĂŁo "may affect" no texto.
✔️A diferença entre "may affect" e "will affect" reside na certeza da influĂȘncia ou impacto. "May affect" indica uma possibilidade, uma chance de que algo aconteça, enquanto "will affect" expressa uma certeza, algo que acontecerĂĄ com certeza.
(B)đŽERRADAđ The earthquake caused the interruption of power supply without any consequences to the operations.
❌(O sismo provocou a interrupção do fornecimento de energia sem quaisquer consequĂȘncias para as operaçÔes.)
✔️"Without any consequences" contradiz a sentença que diz que pode afetar as operaçÔes.
(C)✅CORRETAđ Some operations are expected to be affected by the interruption of power supply.
✔️(SĂŁo esperadas que algumas operaçÔes sejam afetadas pela interrupção do fornecimento de energia.)
(D)đŽERRADAđ Subsidiaries and works will benefit from the power supply due to the earthquake.
❌(As subsidiĂĄrias e obras beneficiarĂŁo do fornecimento de energia devido ao terremoto.)
✔️ IlĂłgico — porque interrupçÔes no fornecimento de energia nĂŁo sĂŁo benĂ©ficas.
(E)đŽERRADAđ Power supply was not affected by the earthquake and operations will continue.
(E)đŽERRADAđ Power supply was not affected by the earthquake and operations will continue.
❌(O fornecimento de energia nĂŁo foi afetado pelo terremoto e as operaçÔes irĂŁo continuar.)
✔️Contradiz o trecho, que afirma claramente que o terremoto causou interrupçÔes.
03 – According to the following segment from the first extract: "Japanese export ship orders rose for the 15th consecutive month in February on a year-on-year basis."
a) The information above is collected every 15 months.
b) The passage investigates the decrease in the number or ship orders.
c) The figures above were released before the tsunami.
d) One can tell for sure that Japanese ship orders were decreasing just before the tsunami.
e) Japanese ship orders have increased for over a year.
b) The passage investigates the decrease in the number or ship orders.
c) The figures above were released before the tsunami.
d) One can tell for sure that Japanese ship orders were decreasing just before the tsunami.
e) Japanese ship orders have increased for over a year.
• Gabarito E
➡️COMANDO DA QUESTĂO:
✔️QuestĂŁo clĂĄssica de INFERĂNCIA e pede a opção que reflete a ideia implĂcita ou fundamentada na sentença: "Japanese export ship orders rose for the 15th consecutive month in February on a year-on-year basis."
➡️ANĂLISE DA SENTENĂA :
✔️"Japanese export ship orders rose for the 15th consecutive month in February on a year-on-year basis."
✔️(Os pedidos de navios de exportação japoneses aumentaram pelo 15Âș mĂȘs consecutivo em fevereiro, na comparação anual.)
✔️As deduçÔes ou conclusĂ”es lĂłgicas a partir de informaçÔes disponĂveis da sentença acima sĂŁo:
✔️"orders rose" Houve um aumento nos pedidos de navios de exportação a cada mĂȘs, por 15 meses consecutivos.
✔️Essa tendĂȘncia de aumento continuou atĂ© fevereiro, que Ă© pouco mais de um ano.
➡️LET'S ANALYSE THE OPTIONS:
(A)đŽERRADAđ The information above is collected every 15 months.
❌(As informaçÔes acima sĂŁo coletadas a cada 15 meses.)
✔️A opção (a) faz uma interpretação errĂŽnea porque a frase nominal "the 15th consecutive month" significa 15 meses consecutivos, nĂŁo um relatĂłrio a cada 15 meses.
✔️"Meses consecutivos" refere-se a meses que se seguem um apĂłs o outro, sem interrupção ou intervalo. Ă uma sequĂȘncia de meses em ordem, onde um mĂȘs vem imediatamente apĂłs o outro no calendĂĄrio.
(B)đŽERRADAđ The passage investigates the decrease in the number or ship orders.
❌(O trecho investiga a diminuição do nĂșmero de pedidos de navios.)
✔️Na sentença Ă© dito os pedidos aumentaram "orders rose", e nĂŁo diminuĂram "not decreased".
✔️Na sentença Ă© dito os pedidos aumentaram "orders rose", e nĂŁo diminuĂram "not decreased".
(C)đŽERRADAđ The figures above were released before the tsunami.
❌(Os nĂșmeros acima foram divulgados antes do tsunami.)
✔️A opção (c) extrapolou o contexto da sentença. A data exata da divulgação nĂŁo Ă© declarada, embora os nĂșmeros de fevereiro provavelmente se refiram a um perĂodo anterior ao tsunami de março de 2011. No entanto, isso nĂŁo pode ser confirmado apenas pela sentença.
(D)đŽERRADAđ One can tell for sure that Japanese ship orders were decreasing just before the tsunami.
(D)đŽERRADAđ One can tell for sure that Japanese ship orders were decreasing just before the tsunami.
❌(Pode-se dizer com certeza que as encomendas de navios japoneses estavam diminuindo pouco antes do tsunami.)
✔️A opção (d) diz em "ship orders were decreasing" diz o oposto ao que foi dito na sentença.
✔️Na sentença, Ă© dito que os pedidos estavam aumentando, nĂŁo diminuindo.
(E)✅CORRETAđ Japanese ship orders have increased for over a year.
✔️(Os pedidos[encomendas] de navios japoneses aumentaram por mais de um ano.)
✔️A opção (E) faz a inferĂȘncia correta e fundamentada.
04 – According to the second extract, the model developed by the International Pacific Research Center intends to:
a) predict the movement of tsunamis in the ocean.b) study the movement of litter in the ocean.
c) indicate the amount of garbage dumped in the ocean.
d) collect the Japanese tsunami debris to clean the ocean.
e) spread the debris in the ocean after the tsunami.
• Gabarito B
➡️COMANDO DA QUESTĂO:
✔️QuestĂŁo clĂĄssica de INFERĂNCIA e pede a opção que indique o foco do modelo desenvolvido pelo International Pacific Research Center.
➡️ANĂLISE DE TRECHOS:
✔️"[...] Projections of where this debris might head have been made at the international Pacific Research Center, university of Hawaii at Manoa. What their model predicts about the tsunami debris is that they first spread out eastward from the Japan
Coast in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre."
✔️(ProjeçÔes sobre para onde esses detritos podem se dirigir foram feitas no Centro Internacional de Pesquisa do PacĂfico, na Universidade do HavaĂ, em Manoa. O que o modelo deles prevĂȘ sobre os detritos do tsunami Ă© que eles se espalharĂŁo primeiro para o leste, a partir da costa do JapĂŁo, no Giro Subtropical do PacĂfico Norte.)
✔️"[...] These model projections will help to guide clean-up and tracking operations.
✔️(Essas projeçÔes do modelo ajudarĂŁo a orientar as operaçÔes de limpeza e rastreamento.)
➡️FOCO DO MODELO:
✔️De acordo com o segundo trecho, o modelo desenvolvido pelo Centro Internacional de Pesquisa do PacĂfico (IPRC) foi projetado para rastrear e estudar como os detritos (lixo) do tsunami japonĂȘs se moveram pelo Oceano PacĂfico.
✔️O foco/objetivo do modelo Ă© rastrear o movimento do lixo no oceano, particularmente objetos artificiais arrastados para o mar durante o tsunami — nĂŁo nas ondas do tsunami em si ou nos esforços de limpeza.
➡️LET'S ANALYSE THE OPTIONS:
De acordo com o segundo extrato, o modelo desenvolvido pelo International Pacific Research Center pretende:
(A)đŽERRADAđ predict the movement of tsunamis in the ocean. ❌(prever o movimento dos tsunamis no oceano.)
✔️O modelo trata de detritos, nĂŁo de ondas de tsunami.
(B)✅CORRETAđ study the movement of litter in the ocean.
✔️(estudar o movimento do lixo no oceano.)
(C)đŽERRADAđ indicate the amount of garbage dumped in the ocean.
(C)đŽERRADAđ indicate the amount of garbage dumped in the ocean.
❌(indicar a quantidade de lixo despejada no oceano.)
✔️O objetivo Ă© rastrear[monitorar] o movimento do lixo no oceano, nĂŁo medir quantidades.
(D)đŽERRADAđ collect the Japanese tsunami debris to clean the ocean.
(D)đŽERRADAđ collect the Japanese tsunami debris to clean the ocean.
❌(coletar os destroços do tsunami japonĂȘs para limpar o oceano.)
✔️O modelo objetiva rastrear, monitorar, nĂŁo para limpar.
(E)đŽERRADAđ spread the debris in the ocean after the tsunami.
(E)đŽERRADAđ spread the debris in the ocean after the tsunami.
❌(espalhar os detritos no oceano apĂłs o tsunami.)
✔️O modelo objetiva rastrear, monitorar, nĂŁo para dispersar.
05 – Extract 2 explains that the North Pacific Garbage Patch
a) was formed after the Japanese tsunami.
b) will reach the shores of the US West Coast.
c) is formed by the garbage dumped on US shores.
d) is formed by the accumulation of garbage in the ocean.
e) releases debris that will eventually end up in Baja. California.
b) will reach the shores of the US West Coast.
c) is formed by the garbage dumped on US shores.
d) is formed by the accumulation of garbage in the ocean.
e) releases debris that will eventually end up in Baja. California.
• Gabarito D
➡️COMANDO DA QUESTĂO:
✔️QuestĂŁo clĂĄssica de COMPREENSĂO TEXTUAL e pede a opção que indique a descrição mais precisa da Mancha de Lixo do PacĂfico Norte "the North Pacific Garbage Patch".
➡️TRECHO QUE MENCIONA:
✔️"[...] The debris will then drift into the famous floating junk yard, the North Pacific Garbage Patch, where it will wander around and break into smaller and smaller pieces."
✔️(Os detritos serĂŁo entĂŁo levados para o famoso "depĂłsito de lixo flutuante"[lixĂŁo flutuante], a Mancha de Lixo do PacĂfico Norte, onde vagarĂŁo e se fragmentarĂŁo em pedaços cada vez menores.)
➡️LET'S ANALYSE THE OPTIONS:
O Extrato 2 explica que a Mancha de Lixo do PacĂfico Norte
(A)đŽERRADAđ was formed after the Japanese tsunami.
❌(foi formado apĂłs o tsunami japonĂȘs.)
✔️A Mancha de Lixo Ă© anterior ao tsunami de 2011.
(B)đŽERRADAđ will reach the shores of the US West Coast.
(B)đŽERRADAđ will reach the shores of the US West Coast.
❌(alcançarĂĄ a costa da Costa Oeste dos EUA.)
✔️A Mancha de Lixo jĂĄ existe no oceano; detritos do tsunami podem atingir a costa dos EUA, mas essa Ă© uma ideia diferente.
(C)đŽERRADAđ is formed by the garbage dumped on US shores.
❌(formada por lixo da costa dos EUA)
✔️A Mancha de Lixo Ă© formada resĂduos globais de navios, Ăsia, AmĂ©rica do Norte, etc.
(D)✅CORRETAđ is formed by the accumulation of garbage in the ocean.
(D)✅CORRETAđ is formed by the accumulation of garbage in the ocean.
✔️(Ă© formada pelo acĂșmulo de lixo no oceano.)
(E)đŽERRADAđ releases debris that will eventually end up in Baja. California.
❌(libera detritos que por fim irĂŁo parar em Baja. CalifĂłrnia.)
✔️NĂŁo hĂĄ evidĂȘncias de que a Mancha de Lixo envie detritos nessa direção especĂfica.
06 – Choose the alternative in which the preposition is used correctly:
a) We’re booked on flight 607.
b) When did you arrive to new Zealand?
c) He wrote the book in a month’s time.
d) That’s mine. I saw it at first.
e) She is arriving in the 3:30 train.
b) When did you arrive to new Zealand?
c) He wrote the book in a month’s time.
d) That’s mine. I saw it at first.
e) She is arriving in the 3:30 train.
• Gabarito A/C
➡️COMANDO DA QUESTĂO:
✔️QuestĂŁo clĂĄssica de USO DAS PREPOSIĂĂES e pede a opção em que a preposição Ă© usada corretamente.
➡️LET'S ANALYSE THE OPTIONS:
(A)✅CORRETA
đ We’re booked on flight 607.
✔️(Estamos com reserva no voo 607.)
✔️A preposição "on" Ă© a colocação padrĂŁo usada com voos, ĂŽnibus, trens, etc.(https://www.aalaee.com/Practical_English_Usage_by_Michael.pdf)
✔️ "booked on flight"(reservado em um voo) estĂĄ gramatical e idiomaticamente correto.
(B)đŽERRADA
❌ When did you arrive to new Zealand?
✔️ PadrĂŁo: "arrive in a country or city" → “arrive in New Zealand”.
✔️When did you arrive in new Zealand?
✔️(Quando vocĂȘ chegou Ă Nova ZelĂąndia?)
✔️Usamos o verbo "arrive" com "at" ou "in" para falar sobre "chegar a" ou "alcançar" um lugar onde uma jornada termina. Se considerarmos o destino como um ponto(aeroporto, hotel), dizemos "arrive at". Se o considerarmos como uma ĂĄrea maior (cidade, pais), dizemos "arrive in".(https://dictionary.cambridge.org)
(C)✅CORRETA
đ He wrote the book in a month’s time.
✔️(Ele escreveu o livro em um mĂȘs.)
✔️“In a month” — correto e comum para dizer quanto tempo algo leva ou vai levar.
✔️“We’ll finish the project in a month.” (em um mĂȘs)
✔️“I’ll be back in a month.” (Estarei de volta daqui a um mĂȘs)
❌ That’s mine. I saw it at first.
✔️A expressĂŁo idiomĂĄtica correta Ă© “I saw it first”(Eu vi primeiro) or “I saw it first of all”(Eu vi primeiro), e nĂŁo “I saw it at first".
✔️That’s mine. I saw it first.
✔️(Isso Ă© meu. Eu vi primeiro.)
(E)đŽERRADA
❌She is arriving in the 3:30 train.
✔️A preposição correta Ă© "at" em "at the 3:30 train".
✔️She is arriving at the 3:30 train.
✔️(Ela estĂĄ chegando no trem das 15h30.)
07 – Choose the option with the correct tag questions for the sentences below.
1. You weren’t listening, _______?
2. She doesn’t’t know him, _______?
3. I’m a bit overweight, _______?
4. Don’t open your eyes, _______?
a) weren’t you / does she / aren’t I / do you
b) were you / doesn’t she / aren’t I / do you
c) were you / does she / aren’t I / will you
d) weren’t you / doesn’t she / am I not / do you
e) were you / doesn’t she / am I not / do you
b) were you / doesn’t she / aren’t I / do you
c) were you / does she / aren’t I / will you
d) weren’t you / doesn’t she / am I not / do you
e) were you / doesn’t she / am I not / do you
• Gabarito C
➡️COMANDO DA QUESTĂO:
✔️QuestĂŁo clĂĄssica de "QUESTION TAGS" (FRASES INTERROGATIVAS CURTAS) e pede a opção com as tags que preenche adequadamente as sentenças dadas.
✔️As tags de perguntas devem concordar com a forma verbal, o significado e a polaridade da frase principal.
➡️LET'S ANALYSE EACH SENTENCE:
1. You weren’t listening, _______?
✅ You weren’t listening, were you?
✔️(VocĂȘ nĂŁo estava ouvindo, nĂ©?)
2. She doesn’t know him, _______?
✔️(Ela nĂŁo o conhece, nĂŁo Ă©?)
3. I’m a bit overweight, _______?
✔️Com "I am", a tag correta Ă© "aren’t I?" (esta Ă© uma exceção em inglĂȘs)
✅I’m a bit overweight, aren’t I?
✔️(Estou um pouco acima do peso, nĂ©?)
4. Don’t open your eyes, _______?
➡️FINAL ANSWER:
a) weren’t you / does she / aren’t I / do you
b) were you / doesn’t she / aren’t I / do you
c) were you / does she / aren’t I / will you
d) weren’t you / doesn’t she / am I not / do you
e) were you / doesn’t she / am I not / do you
b) were you / doesn’t she / aren’t I / do you
c) were you / does she / aren’t I / will you
d) weren’t you / doesn’t she / am I not / do you
e) were you / doesn’t she / am I not / do you
08 – The initials V.I.P. ______Very Important Person.
a) means
b) stand for
c) are about
d) describe
e) accounts for
b) stand for
c) are about
d) describe
e) accounts for
• Gabarito C
➡️COMANDO DA QUESTĂO:
✔️QuestĂŁo clĂĄssica de "ABBREVIATION or ACRONYM" (abreviação ou sigla) e pede a opção a estrutura verbal que fala sobre o que a abreviação VIP representa.
✔️Quando falamos sobre o que as abreviaçÔes representam, usamos o verbo frasal "stand for" (= to represent ) (representar). Por exemplo:
✔️GMT stands for Greenwich Mean Time.
✔️GMT significa Hora MĂ©dia de Greenwich.
✔️"Means" (significa) Ă© usado para palavras, nĂŁo para abreviaçÔes.
(B)✅ stand for
(B)✅ stand for
✔️"stand for" (representar) Ă© usado para abreviaçÔes.
(C)❌ are about
(C)❌ are about
✔️"are about" (estar prestes a) Ă© usado para indicar que algo estĂĄ prĂłximo de acontecer ou para expressar uma quantidade aproximada. TambĂ©m pode significar a respeito de ou sobre um determinado assunto.
(D)❌ describe
✔️"describe" (descrever) Ă© usado para detalhar algo, seja um objeto, pessoa, situação ou sentimento, fornecendo informaçÔes sobre suas caracterĂsticas, aparĂȘncia ou como algo aconteceu.
(E)❌ accounts for
✔️"stand for" (representar) nĂŁo cabe no contexto. Ă usada para indicar a proporção ou fração de algo, a causa ou motivo de algo, ou a responsabilidade por algo. Por exemplo:
✔️Students account for the vast majority of our customers.
✔️Os alunos representam a maioria de nossos clientes.
09 – Complete the sentences with the correct verb forms:
1. No sooner _____ the door than I realized it was locked.
2. Never _____ a weaker excuse!
3. Only after posting the letter ____ that I had forgotten to put on a stamp.
4. Seldom ____ given a worse performance.
a) had I reached / did I hear / I remembered / the team has.
a) had I reached / did I hear / I remembered / the team has.
b) I reached / did I hear / I have remembered / the team have.
c) I have reached / I heard / have I remembered / has the team.
d) had I reached / have I heard / did I remember / has the team.
e) I had reached / I had heard / I remembered / have the team.
c) I have reached / I heard / have I remembered / has the team.
d) had I reached / have I heard / did I remember / has the team.
e) I had reached / I had heard / I remembered / have the team.
• Gabarito D
➡️COMANDO DA QUESTĂO:
✔️QuestĂŁo clĂĄssica de "INVERSION"(inversĂŁo) e pede a opção que complete as frases com as formas verbais corretas gramaticalmente.
✔️Em inglĂȘs formal, especialmente na escrita ou em contextos mais enfĂĄticos, certos advĂ©rbios ou expressĂ”es no inĂcio da frase, disparam a inversĂŁo da ordem normal do sujeito e do verbo — ou seja, a estrutura fica parecida com a de uma pergunta, mesmo que a frase seja afirmativa.
➡️ADVĂRBIOS OU EXPRESSĂES QUE DISPARAM A INVERSĂO:
✔️(1) "NEVER" (Nunca, Jamais) - Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.
✔️(2) "RARELY" (Raramente) - Rarely do we go out on weekdays.
✔️(3) "SELDOM" (Raramente)
✔️(4) "HARDLY" (Mal / quase nĂŁo) - Hardly had I arrived when it started raining.
✔️(5) "BARELY" (Mal / quase nĂŁo) - Hardly had I arrived when it started raining.
✔️(6) "SCARCELY" (Mal / quase nĂŁo) - Hardly had I arrived when it started raining.
✔️(7) "UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES"(Sob nenhuma circunstĂąncia) - Under no circumstances should you open that box.
✔️(8) "NOWHERE"(Em nenhum lugar) - Nowhere had I felt more welcome.
✔️(9) "NO SOONER ... THAN" (Mal... entĂŁo) - No sooner had he left than she called.
✔️(10) "ONLY THEN" (Somente entĂŁo) - Only after the meeting did I understand.
✔️(11) "ONLY AFTER" (Somente entĂŁo) - Only after the meeting did I understand.
✔️(12) "ONLY IF" (Somente entĂŁo) - Only after the meeting did I understand.
✔️(13) "NOT ONLY ... BUT ALSO"(NĂŁo sĂł... mas tambĂ©m) - Not only is she smart, but she’s kind too.
✔️(14) "LITTLE"(Pouco, Mal sabia) - Little did he know what was coming.
➡️LET'S ANALYSE EACH SENTENCE:
1. No sooner _____ the door than I realized it was locked.
✅ No sooner had I reached the door than I realized it was locked.
✔️Assim que cheguei Ă porta, percebi que ela estava trancada.
✔️ExpressĂŁo de inversĂŁo com "No sooner ... than" exige o Past Perfect (had + past participle) e ordem invertida "had I reached".
2. Never _____ a weaker excuse!
✅Never have I heard a weaker excuse!
✔️Nunca ouvi uma desculpa mais fraca!
✔️ExpressĂŁo de inversĂŁo com "Never" exige o Present Perfect (have + past participle) e ordem invertida "have I heard".
3. Only after posting the letter ____ that I had forgotten to put on a stamp.
✅Only after posting the letter did I remember that I had forgotten to put on a stamp.
✔️SĂł depois de postar a carta Ă© que me lembrei de ter esquecido de colocar um selo.
✔️ExpressĂŁo de inversĂŁo com "Only after" exige o Simple Past (did + base form) e ordem invertida "did I remember".
4. Seldom ____ given a worse performance.
✔️Poucas vezes a equipe teve um desempenho pior.
✔️ExpressĂŁo de inversĂŁo com "Seldon" exige o Present Perfect (has + past participle) e ordem invertida "has the team given".
➡️FINAL ANSWER:
a) had I reached / did I hear / I remembered / the team has.
d) had I reached / have I heard / did I remember / has the team.
10 – Indicate in which of the sentences below the subordinator “although” can ben used:
a) I don’t like him; _________, I agree that he’s a good manager.
b) ________, the rain, my cousins went to a party last night.
c) The police, _______, did not believe him.
d) ________ unhappy, Susan went out with him.
e) It is a bit late, ________ I’d like to go out.
b) ________, the rain, my cousins went to a party last night.
c) The police, _______, did not believe him.
d) ________ unhappy, Susan went out with him.
e) It is a bit late, ________ I’d like to go out.
• Gabarito D
➡️COMANDO DA QUESTĂO:
✔️QuestĂŁo clĂĄssica de "CONJUNĂĂO SUBORDINATIVA", e pede a opção na qual das frases o subordinador “although” pode ser usado corretamente.
⚠️"ALTHOUGH WITH CLAUSES":
✔️A conjunção subordinativa “although” Ă© usada para introduzir contraste ou concessĂŁo — ou seja, quando hĂĄ duas ideias opostas em uma mesma frase. Normalmente, ela Ă© usada no inĂcio de uma oração subordinada, e nĂŁo entre oraçÔes independentes como uma conjunção coordenativa (por exemplo, como "however").
đ(1) Estrutura gramatical:
• Although + oração (sujeito + verbo).
đ Exemplo:
✔️Although it was raining, we went for a walk.
✔️Embora estivesse chovendo, saĂmos para caminhar
• [subordinate clause] → Although it was raining.
• [main clause] → we went for a walk.
⚠️"ALTHOUGH WITH REDUCED CLAUSES":
✔️Conforme o Cambridge Dictionary, podemos usar "ALTHOUGH" para introduzir uma oração sem verbo (uma oração reduzida).(https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/although-or-though?q=ALTHOUGH)
đ Exemplo:
✔️Though more expensive, the new model is safer and more efficient.
✔️Embora mais caro, o novo modelo Ă© mais seguro e eficiente.
➡️LET'S ANALYSE EACH SENTENCE:
(A) I don’t like him; _________, I agree that he’s a good manager.
⛔ Incorreta — aqui seria necessĂĄrio a conjunção adversativa "however", jĂĄ que estĂĄ entre duas oraçÔes independentes com ponto e vĂrgula.
✅I don’t like him; however, I agree that he’s a good manager.
✔️NĂŁo gosto dele, mas concordo que ele Ă© um bom gestor.
(B) ________, the rain, my cousins went to a party last night.
(B) ________, the rain, my cousins went to a party last night.
⛔ Incorreta — estrutura incorreta com "although", pois exige oração verbal, nĂŁo apenas um substantivo ("the rain").
✔️Cabe a conjunção adversativa "however", jĂĄ que estĂĄ entre duas oraçÔes independentes com ponto e vĂrgula.
✅However, the rain, my cousins went to a party last night..
✔️PorĂ©m, por causa da chuva, meus primos foram a uma festa ontem Ă noite.
(C) The police, _______, did not believe him.⛔ Incorreta — "although" nĂŁo encaixa bem aqui, pois estĂĄ entre vĂrgulas de modo nĂŁo adequada gramaticalmente, para conjunção subordinativa.
✔️Cabe a conjunção adversativa "however", jĂĄ que estĂĄ entre duas oraçÔes independentes, entre vĂrgulas.
✅The police, however, did not believe him.
✔️A polĂcia, porĂ©m, nĂŁo acreditou nele.
(D) ________ unhappy, Susan went out with him.✔️ Correta — podemos usar "ALTHOUGH" para introduzir uma oração sem verbo (uma oração reduzida).
✅Although unhappy, Susan went out with him.
✔️Embora infeliz, Susan saiu com ele.
e) It is a bit late, ________ I’d like to go out.⛔Incorreta — lacuna exige algo como "but" ou "yet", pois sĂŁo oraçÔes completas separadas por vĂrgula.
✅It is a bit late, but I’d like to go out.
✔️EstĂĄ um pouco tarde, mas gostaria de sair.
11 – Which of the alternatives below is grammatically correct in English:
a) “I didn’t go to any of lectures.”
b) A: “What day shall I come?” B: “Any.”
c) A: “Which newspaper would you like?” B: “It doesn’t matter. Everyone.”
d) “On the newsstand, there weren’t maganizes of no kind.”
e) A: “How much money have you gotten?”B: “None.”
b) A: “What day shall I come?” B: “Any.”
c) A: “Which newspaper would you like?” B: “It doesn’t matter. Everyone.”
d) “On the newsstand, there weren’t maganizes of no kind.”
e) A: “How much money have you gotten?”B: “None.”
ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito E
TĂPICO - RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO :
12 – Choose the option in which the prepositions complete the verb phrases, respectively:
1. The problem stems _____ the government’s lack of action.
2. When I asked Jean, she hinted ______ the chance of a promotion for me.
3. The salesman was responsible ______ the accident.
4. Please, refrain ______smoking in the lecture lounge.
5. I can’t stand the way she is always boasting _____ her wealthy parents.
ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito E
TĂPICO - RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO :
13 – In the sentences below, “seem” and “appear” are used correctly, except in:
a) It seemed like a good idea at first.
b) I can’t appear to make her notice the events.
c) It seems a pity, but I can’t see you this weekend.
d) He seems younger than he is.
e) The baby appears hungry.
b) I can’t appear to make her notice the events.
c) It seems a pity, but I can’t see you this weekend.
d) He seems younger than he is.
e) The baby appears hungry.
ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito B
TĂPICO - RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO :
14 – The indefinite article can be appropriately used in:
a) _____ information
b) _____ wool
c) _____ furniture
d) _____ eggs
e) _____ hypothesis
b) _____ wool
c) _____ furniture
d) _____ eggs
e) _____ hypothesis
ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito E
TĂPICO - RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO :
15 – Match the following sentences with the meaning expressed by the modal verb in each of them.
1. Rooms must be vacated by noon.
2. May I take a look at your newspaper?
3. John might have borrowed his partner’s computer.
4. If you are going to the forest, you ought to buy some mosquito repellent.
5. You must be joking!
a) obligation / permission / possibility / advice / deductin o
b) advice / ability / permission / ability / obligation
c) advice / permission / permission / advice / obligation
d) obligation / ability / possibility / obligation / deduction
e) deduction / ability / permission / advice / obligation
b) advice / ability / permission / ability / obligation
c) advice / permission / permission / advice / obligation
d) obligation / ability / possibility / obligation / deduction
e) deduction / ability / permission / advice / obligation
ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito A
TĂPICO - RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO :
16 – Choose the word that completes the idea of the following statement correctly: “Michael is a _______ smoker. He smokes three packs of cigarettes a day.”
a) violent
b) fierce
c) big
d) chain
e) strong
b) fierce
c) big
d) chain
e) strong
ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito D
TĂPICO - RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO :
17 – Choose the option which completes the sentences below correctly:
It is ______ use trying to change her mind. Slowly, ________children began coming to school. Unfortunately, he had _______ friends. Could you possibly give me ________ help?
a) a little / a few / few / little
b) a little / a few / little / little
c) a little / few / few / a little
d) little / few / little / a little
e) little / a few / few / a little
b) a little / a few / little / little
c) a little / few / few / a little
d) little / few / little / a little
e) little / a few / few / a little
ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito E
TĂPICO - RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO :
18 – Choose the correct alternative to complete the following sentence:
“If she hadn’t been so bad-tempered, I _______ her.”
a) shall have married
b) ought to have married
c) might have married
d) will have married
e) must have married
b) ought to have married
c) might have married
d) will have married
e) must have married
ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito C
TĂPICO - RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO :
19 – Which pair of words below contains countable nouns:
a) news / bread
b) advice / music
c) weather / equipment
d) vocabulary / baggage
e) paper / illness
c) weather / equipment
d) vocabulary / baggage
e) paper / illness
ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito E
TĂPICO - RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO :
20 – Choose the correct option to complete the sentences:
1. Where have you been? I ______ for you for two weeks!
2. Their bus ______ at 3:00 p.m.
3. Tim ______ to the beach, when he heard the weather forecast and changed his mind.
4. Research ______ that excessive sue of cell phones may cause headaches.
5. When the police arrived, the thieves _______.
a) have been looking / has arrived / drove / showed / had run away.
a) have been looking / has arrived / drove / showed / had run away.
b) am looking / has arrived / was driving / has shown / has run away.
c) have been looking / has arrived / drove / has shown / ran away.
d) have been looking / arrives / was driving / has shown / had run away.
e) am looking / arrives / was driving / showed / ran away.
c) have been looking / has arrived / drove / has shown / ran away.
d) have been looking / arrives / was driving / has shown / had run away.
e) am looking / arrives / was driving / showed / ran away.
ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito D
TĂPICO - RELAĂĂO SEMĂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO :


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