❑ PROVA DE LĂNGUA INGLESA: UNIFESP-2013-VESTIBULAR-13/12/2012.
❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:
➭ 15 Multiple Choice Questions / 5 Options Each Question
➭ Text (1) – Life of a Nantucket Surgeon | www.nytimes.com |
➭ Text (2) – Work after eight months of pregnancy is as harmful as smoking, study finds | www.guardian.co.uk |
❑ PROVA:
➧ GABARITO:
01-D, 02-C, 03-C, 04-C, 05-E
06-B, 07-D, 08-E, 09-E, 10-D
11-E, 12-D, 13-A, 14-B, 15-A
➧ PROVA:
➧ TEXT I: Leia o texto para responder Ă s questĂ”es de nĂșmeros 01 a 08.
Life of a Nantucket Surgeon
By Tara Parker-Pope
July 27, 2012
In her new book, “Island Practice”, the New York Times reporter Pam Belluck tells the story of Dr. Timothy Lepore, a quirky 67-year-old physician who for the past 30 years has been the only surgeon working on the island of Nantucket. But Dr. Lepore is no ordinary surgeon. Life on an island, even one that has become a summer playground to the rich and famous, requires a certain amount of resourcefulness and flexibility. Over the years Dr. Lepore has taken it upon himself to deliver whatever type of medical care his island inhabitants need, often challenging conventional notions of medicine and redefining what it means to be a healer.
While his surgical skills have been used for minor repairs and lifesaving procedures, he often works as a general practitioner, treating everyday ailments. Distraught island residents also call on him for counseling and comfort, and he even steps into the role of veterinarian when needed.
I recently spoke with Ms. Belluck about the time she spent with Dr. Lepore. Here’s part of our conversation.
• I think of Nantucket as a posh summer tourist destination.
Were you surprised to find such a quirky character there?
I thought of it as this rich summer haven, but there is this whole year-round population that is really interesting and diverse and has to scrabble for a living. Even the hardship was surprising. You think any place is accessible, but there are a lot of times where you cannot get on or off the island, and you can’t get what you need. Even though they have fast ferries and airplanes now, you’re still at the mercy of the elements, and that creates a lot of drama.
• What kinds of challenges has Dr. Lepore faced?
Part of it is the fact that as the only surgeon, you kind of need to do everything, and you may not know how to do something. There was a guy who came home and had forgotten to pick up potatoes, and his wife stabbed him in the heart. It’s the kind of stab wound that only 10 percent of patients make it to the hospital alive, and 1 percent will survive. Dr. Lepore had never seen anything like this before, but there was no time to get the guy off the island. So he had to reach in and get the heart started. There wasn’t the right equipment to sew him up, and they had only six units of blood, which is not that much. But he’s an encyclopedia of arcane facts, and he remembered that in the 1800s they used black silk thread for this kind of injury. They found some black silk thread, and he managed to close this guy’s heart and get it beating again. The guy survived and became a marathon runner. There is a field hospital-type feeling to it. You’re not under fire, but there is making do with what you have and flying by the seat of your pants. Often the weather is bad, and he has never done it before, but he just has to do it.
• Does he make a good living? Does he take insurance?
He takes insurance, but he also takes people who can’t pay at all. He will even allow people to pay him in kind. One of the undercurrents of the book is that his hospital on Nantucket is now run by Partners Health Care, the big health care corporation that runs Massachusetts General and Brigham and Women’s Hospital. They have instituted some new systems, but he flouts many of them. He says, “Nobody is going to manage my time. Nobody is going to tell me what to do.” They can’t really complain because they need him.
(www.nytimes.com. Adaptado.)
01 – (UNIFESP-2012/2013-VESTIBULAR-1Âș SEMESTRE)
O primeiro parĂĄgrafo indica que a ilha de Nantucket
(A) tornou-se um lugar da moda entre famosos, hĂĄ cerca de 30 anos.
(B) redefiniu o conceito da medicina moderna.
(C) nĂŁo possui qualquer estrutura para o exercĂcio da medicina moderna.
(D) é um lugar em que muitas pessoas passam férias no verão.
(E) nĂŁo tem veterinĂĄrio entre seus residentes.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito D
TĂPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAĂĂO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
O primeiro parĂĄgrafo indica que a ilha de Nantucket...
*Alternativa (A): tornou-se um lugar da moda entre famosos, hĂĄ cerca de 30 anos.
• Segundo o texto, a ilha realmente 'tornou-se um lugar da moda entre famosos', porĂ©m a a expressĂŁo "30 years" refere-se ao tempo de trabalho do cirurgiĂŁo na ilha.
• VĂȘ os trechos:
• "[...] a quirky 67-year-old physician who for the past 30 years has been the only surgeon working on the island of Nantucket."
(um mĂ©dico peculiar de 67 anos que nos Ășltimos 30 foi o Ășnico cirurgiĂŁo a trabalhar na ilha de Nantucket.)
• "[...] even one that has become a summer playground to the rich and famous"
(ainda que a ilha que se tornou um parque de diversĂŁo de verĂŁo para os ricos e famosos)
*Alternativa (B): redefiniu o conceito da medicina moderna.
• Quem redefiniu foi o Dr. Lepore e nĂŁo "a ilha de Nantucket".
•"[...] Over the years Dr. Lepore has taken it upon himself to deliver whatever type of medical care his island inhabitants need, often challenging conventional notions of medicine and redefining what it means to be a healer."
(Ao longo dos anos, o Dr. Lepore assumiu a responsabilidade de fornecer qualquer tipo de atendimento médico de que os habitantes da ilha precisam, muitas vezes desafiando as noçÔes convencionais de medicina e redefinindo o que significa ser um curador.)
• "has taken it upon himself" significa : assumiu a responsabilidade, tomou para si a responsabilidade.
• to take upon oneself means "assume or take responsibility (of a role, position or responsibility)", ou seja, assumir a responsabilidade, tomar para si a responsabilidade.
*Alternativa (C): nĂŁo possui qualquer estrutura para o exercĂcio da medicina moderna.
• O texto afirma que a vida em uma ilha requer certa quantidade de recursos e flexibilidade.
"[...] Life on an island ... requires a certain amount of resourcefulness and flexibility."
*Alternativa (D): é um lugar em que muitas pessoas passam férias no verão.
• "[...] even one that has become a summer playground to the rich and famous"
(ainda que a ilha que se tornou um parque de diversĂŁo de verĂŁo para os ricos e famosos)
*Alternativa (E): nĂŁo tem veterinĂĄrio entre seus residentes.
• O texto afirma que ele(o Dr. Lepore) atĂ© assume o papel de veterinĂĄrio quando necessĂĄrio.
• "[...] and he even steps into the role of veterinarian when needed."
(e ele até assume o papel de veterinårio quando necessårio.)
02 – (UNIFESP-2012/2013-VESTIBULAR-1Âș SEMESTRE)
An appropriate expression to describe Dr. Timothy Lepore would be
(A) frantic.
(B) rich and famous.
(C) resourceful.
(D) ambitious.
(E) rude.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito C
TĂPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAĂĂO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
An appropriate expression to describe Dr. Timothy Lepore would be...
*Alternativa (A): frantic.
• "frantic" means "displaying a lack of sensibleness or good judgment".(mostrar falta de sensatez ou falta de bom senso) e sinĂŽnimo de "insane, crazy, mad, daft"(insano, louco, maluco).
• O Dr. Lepore nĂŁo Ă© insensato e sim uma pessoa que mostra bom senso e razĂŁo, tanto Ă© que os prĂłprios morados perturbados da ilha tambĂ©m o procuram para aconselhamento e conforto.
"[...] Distraught island residents also call on him for counseling and comfort,"
(Moradores perturbados da ilha também o procuram para aconselhamento e conforto,)
• "to call on" means "ask a person or organization to do something"(pedir a uma pessoa ou a uma organização para fazer algo).
• The human rights group has called on the US to end the death penalty.(O grupo de direitos humanos pediu aos EUA que acabassem com a pena de morte.)
• I call on people to report any corrupt and illegal conduct concerning an election.(Peço Ă s pessoas que relatem qualquer conduta corrupta e ilegal em relação a uma eleição.)
*Alternativa (B): rich and famous.
• "rich and famous" refere-se aos turistas que frequentam a ilha.
• "[...] one that has become a summer playground to the rich and famous"
(a ilha que se tornou um parque de diversĂŁo de verĂŁo para os ricos e famosos)
*Alternativa (C): resourceful.
• Contextualmente, "resourceful" means "good at finding effective ways to deal with problems", sinĂŽnimo de "skillful, ingenious, creative"(hĂĄbil, engenhoso, criativo).
•"[...] But he’s an encyclopedia of arcane facts, and he remembered that in the 1800s they used black silk thread for this kind of injury."
(Mas ele é uma enciclopédia de fatos misteriosos, e ele se lembrou de que em 1800 eles usavam fios de seda preta para esse tipo de ferimento.)
*Alternativa (D): ambitious.
• "ambitious" means "determined to be successful, rich, famous".
• Segundo o texto, o Dr. Lepore Ă© uma pessoa bondosa, benevolente, com boa vontade em relação a outras pessoas, revelando altruĂsmo e empatia porque assumiu a responsabilidade de fornecer qualquer tipo de atendimento mĂ©dico de que os habitantes da ilha precisam.
"[...] Over the years Dr. Lepore has taken it upon himself to deliver whatever type of medical care his island inhabitants need,"
(Ao longo dos anos, o Dr. Lepore assumiu a responsabilidade de fornecer qualquer tipo de atendimento médico de que os habitantes da ilha precisam,)
*Alternativa (E): rude.
• "rude" means "impolite or bad-mannered", sinĂŽnismo de: rough, discourteous, insolent, overbearing, offenive(grosseiro, descortĂȘs, insolente, arrogante, ofensivo).
• O Dr. Lepore nĂŁo Ă© uma pessoa indelicado ou mal educada, tanto Ă© que os prĂłprios morados perturbados da ilha tambĂ©m o procuram para aconselhamento e conforto.
"[...] Distraught island residents also call on him for counseling and comfort,"
(Moradores perturbados da ilha também o procuram para aconselhamento e conforto,)
03 – (UNIFESP-2012/2013-VESTIBULAR-1Âș SEMESTRE)
No excerto do primeiro parĂĄgrafo
– Dr. Lepore has taken it upon himself to deliver whatever type of medical care his island inhabitants need –,
a expressĂŁo em destaque equivale, em portuguĂȘs, a
(A) levou consigo.
(B) responsabilizou-se pela entrega.
(C) assumiu a responsabilidade.
(D) apoderou-se para si prĂłprio.
(E) tomou a dianteira.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito C
TĂPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAĂĂO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
*Alternativa (A): levou consigo.
*Alternativa (B): responsabilizou-se pela entrega.
*Alternativa (C): assumiu a responsabilidade.
• O phrasal verb "to take it upon oneself" means "decide to do something even though it is not one's responsibility"(decidir fazer algo mesmo que nĂŁo seja sua responsabilidade).
•"[...] Dr. Lepore has taken it upon himself to deliver whatever type of medical care his island inhabitants need."
(O Dr. Lepore assumiu a responsabilidade de fornecer qualquer tipo de atendimento médico de que os habitantes da ilha precisam.)
• Outros exemplos:
• He took it upon himself to personally thank each person at the meeting.(Ele assumiu a responsabilidade de agradecer pessoalmente a cada pessoa na reuniĂŁo.)
• The kids took it upon themselves to wash your car.(As crianças encarregaram-se de lavar o seu carro).
• I took it upon myself to print out these information packets for the meeting since I knew the data might be confusing.(Decidi imprimir esses pacotes de informaçÔes para a reuniĂŁo, pois sabia que os dados poderiam ser confusos.)
*Alternativa (D): apoderou-se para si prĂłprio.
*Alternativa (E): tomou a dianteira.
04 – (UNIFESP-2012/2013-VESTIBULAR-1Âș SEMESTRE)
The answer to the first question points out that
(A) Nantucket is now busy during the whole year, not only in the summer.
(B) getting on or off the island is not easy during the summer rush period.
(C) not everyone in Nantucket is necessarily rich.
(D) there are many dramatic productions in Nantucket during the summer.
(E) due to modern facilities, Nantucket is easy to reach.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito C
TĂPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAĂĂO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
The answer to the first question points out that...
A resposta Ă primeira pergunta indica que...
*Alternativa (A): Nantucket is now busy during the whole year, not only in the summer.(Nantucket estĂĄ ocupada durante todo o ano, nĂŁo apenas no verĂŁo.)
*Alternativa (B): getting on or off the island is not easy during the summer rush period.(entrar ou sair da ilha nĂŁo Ă© fĂĄcil durante o perĂodo de pico do verĂŁo.)
*Alternativa (C): not everyone in Nantucket is necessarily rich.(nem todos em Nantucket sĂŁo necessariamente ricos.)
*Alternativa (D): there are many dramatic productions in Nantucket during the summer.(hå muitas produçÔes dramåticas em Nantucket durante o verão.)
*Alternativa (E): due to modern facilities, Nantucket is easy to reach.(devido às instalaçÔes modernas, Nantucket é de fåcil acesso.)
05 – (UNIFESP-2012/2013-VESTIBULAR-1Âș SEMESTRE)
No trecho da resposta Ă primeira pergunta
– Even though they have fast ferries and airplanes now –,
Ă© possĂvel substituir corretamente Even though, sem alterar o sentido da frase, por:
(A) However.
(B) Whether.
(C) As if.
(D) Nevertheless.
(E) In spite of the fact that.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito E
TĂPICO - CONNECTORS :
*Alternativa (A) However.(conectivo de contraste= contudo, mesmo assim)
• Grupo de contraste HOWEVER (however, nevertheless, nonetheless, yet). Dentro deste grupo pode-se permutar os conectores entre si.
*Alternativa (B) Whether.
*Alternativa (C) As if.
*Alternativa (D) Nevertheless.(conectivo de contraste= contudo, mesmo assim)
• Nevertheless faz parte do grupo de contraste HOWEVER (however, nevertheless, nonetheless, yet). Dentro deste grupo pode-se permutar os conectores entre si.
• Their team hadn’t lost a game the entire season. Nevertheless, we beat them by a huge margin last night.(Seu time nĂŁo havia perdido um jogo durante toda a temporada. Mesmo assim, nĂłs os vencemos por uma grande margem na noite passada.)
• I am feeling ill, but I shall come with you nevertheless.(Estou me sentindo mal, mas irei com vocĂȘ mesmo assim.)
• She found him physically repugnant, but she nevertheless agreed to marry him.(Ela o achava-o fisicamente repugnante, mas mesmo assim concordou em se casar com ele.)
*Alternativa (E) In spite of the fact that.
• "Even though" faz parte do Grupo de contraste ALTHOUGH (although, even though, though, in spite of the fact that, despite the fact that)(apesar de, apesar do fato de). Dentro deste grupo, pode-se permutar os conectores entre si.
• Gramaticalmente, "even though" Ă© uma subordinating conjunction que junto com a CLAUSE (they have fast ferries and airplanes now) forma a SUBORDINATE CLAUSE, ou seja:
• even though + clause = subrodinate clause.
• Ocorre que "even though" Ă© sinĂŽnima de outras subordinating conjunctions: although, though, in spite of the fact that, despite the fact that.
• Portanto, "even though" e "in spite of the fact that" sĂŁo intercambiĂĄveis morfolĂłgica e gramaticalmente.
•"[...] Even though / In spite of the fact that they have fast ferries and airplanes now, you’re still at the mercy of the elements, and that creates a lot of drama."
(Mesmo que eles tenham balsas e aviĂ”es rĂĄpidos agora, vocĂȘ ainda estĂĄ Ă mercĂȘ dos elementos, e isso cria muito drama.)
06 – (UNIFESP-2012/2013-VESTIBULAR-1Âș SEMESTRE)
Na resposta Ă segunda pergunta, a autora utiliza a frase
There is a field hospital-type feeling to it,
o que, no contexto, indica a ideia de
(A) espĂrito de aventura.
(B) improvisação.
(C) combatividade.
(D) perigo iminente.
(E) emergĂȘncia.
07 – (UNIFESP-2012/2013-VESTIBULAR-1Âș SEMESTRE)
The excerpt from the answer to the second question
– there was no time to get the guy off the island –
means that the patient
(A) wouldn’t live if he stayed in the island.
(B) shouldn’t be taken in a helicopter.
(C) had little time left to leave the island.
(D) couldn’t be moved to a mainland hospital.
(E) had to be rushed to hospital.
08 – (UNIFESP-2012/2013-VESTIBULAR-1Âș SEMESTRE)
De acordo com a resposta Ă Ășltima pergunta, depreende-se
que
(A) os pacientes que procuram o Dr. Lepore são sempre atendidos com atenção e gentileza, quer seja no hospital, quer em casa.
(B) a nova administração do hospital de Nantucket estå preocupada com as atitudes do Dr. Lepore em relação a novos protocolos.
(C) a pessoa que necessitar tratamento no hospital de Nantucket deverĂĄ pagar em dinheiro, uma vez que nĂŁo se aceitam pacientes conveniados a planos de saĂșde.
(D) o hospital da ilha Ă© administrado atualmente pelo estado de Massachusetts, tendo-se tornado uma instituição pĂșblica.
(E) o Dr. Lepore nĂŁo se importa muito com novos procedimentos administrativos implantados no hospital de Nantucket.
➧ TEXT II: Leia o texto para responder Ă s questĂ”es de nĂșmeros 09 a 15.
Work after eight months of pregnancy is as harmful as smoking, study finds
Conal Urquhart and agencies
July 28, 2012
Working after eight months of pregnancy is as harmful for babies as smoking, according to a new study. Women who worked after they were eight months pregnant had babies on average around 230g lighter than those who stopped work between six and eight months.
The University of Essex research – which drew on data from three major studies, two in the UK and one in the US – found the effect of continuing to work during the late stages of pregnancy was equal to that of smoking while pregnant. Babies whose mothers worked or smoked throughout
pregnancy grew more slowly in the womb.
Past research has shown babies with low birth weights are at higher risk of poor health and slow development, and may suffer from a variety of problems later in life. Stopping work early in pregnancy was particularly beneficial for women with lower levels of education, the study found – suggesting that the effect of working during pregnancy was possibly more marked for those doing physically demanding work. The birth weight of babies born to mothers under the age of 24 was not affected by them continuing to work, but in older mothers the effect was more significant.
The researchers identified 1,339 children whose mothers were part of the British Household Panel Survey, which was conducted between 1991 and 2005, and for whom data was available. A further sample of 17,483 women who gave birth in 2000 or 2001 and who took part in the Millennium Cohort Study was also examined and showed similar results, along
with 12,166 from the National Survey of Family Growth, relating to births in the US between the early 1970s and 1995.
One of the authors of the study, Prof. Marco Francesconi, said the government should consider incentives __42__ employers to offer more flexible maternity leave to women who might need a break before, __43__ after, their babies were born. He said: “We know low birth weight is a predictor of many things that happen later, including lower chances of completing school successfully, lower wages and higher mortality. We need to think seriously about parental leave, because – as this study suggests – the possible benefits of taking leave flexibly before the birth __44__ quite high.”
The study also suggests British women may be working for __45__ now during pregnancy. While 16% of mothers questioned by the British Household Panel Study, which went as far back as 1991, worked up to one month before the birth, the figure was 30% in the Millennium Cohort Study, whose subjects were born in 2000 and 2001.
(www.guardian.co.uk)
09 – (UNIFESP-2012/2013-VESTIBULAR-1Âș SEMESTRE)
O estudo mencionado no texto indica que
(A) as mulheres que trabalham até o final da gravidez são, em sua maioria, fumantes, quer sejam mais velhas, quer não.
(B) o efeito do trabalho atĂ© os Ășltimos dias antes do parto independe da idade da mĂŁe ou do fato de ela ser fumante ou nĂŁo.
(C) os bebĂȘs com peso mais baixo no nascimento sĂŁo, usualmente, os filhos de mĂŁes fumantes durante a gravidez.
(D) as mulheres na Inglaterra sempre trabalharam atĂ© o final da gravidez, devido a exigĂȘncias do sistema de seguridade social.
(E) o trabalho fĂsico no final da gravidez tende a afetar mais o crescimento do feto do que o desenvolvimento intelectual.
10 – (UNIFESP-2012/2013-VESTIBULAR-1Âș SEMESTRE)
In the excerpt from the first paragraph
– than those who stopped work between six and eight months –,
the word those refers to
(A) smoking.
(B) babies.
(C) months.
(D) women.
(E) pregnancy.
11 – (UNIFESP-2012/2013-VESTIBULAR-1Âș SEMESTRE)
In the excerpt from the third paragraph
– may suffer from a variety of problems later in life –,
the word may carries the idea of
(A) obligation.
(B) habit.
(C) inevitability.
(D) request.
(E) possibility.
12 – (UNIFESP-2012/2013-VESTIBULAR-1Âș SEMESTRE)
(A) through
(B) about
(C) by
(D) for
(E) with
13 – (UNIFESP-2012/2013-VESTIBULAR-1Âș SEMESTRE)
(A) rather than
(B) no
(C) less likely
(D) but
(E) instead
14 – (UNIFESP-2012/2013-VESTIBULAR-1Âș SEMESTRE)
(A) simply aren’t
(B) could be
(C) can’t be
(D) are not
(E) will do
15 – (UNIFESP-2012/2013-VESTIBULAR-1Âș SEMESTRE)
(A) longer
(B) far
(C) more
(D) less
(E) fewer
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