📌ESTILO – 8 Multiple Choice Questions | Four-Option Question |
41 – Across the board, suicide rates among young Americans have risen; from 2007 to 2018, suicide
rates for Americans ages 10 to 24 rose by 57%, and the increase was particularly significant among
young girls, contributing to a narrowing of the persistent suicide gender gap.
Rates plateaued from 2018
to 2019—the most recent year with available federal data—but they stood far higher than those of
decades past.
A multinational study published in the Lancet Psychiatry in April found that U.S. suicide
rates actually decreased somewhat during the early months of the pandemic, compared to the year
before it—but given spiking anxiety and depression rates during the pandemic, which studies
suggest took a particularly harsh toll on young people, there’s good reason for continuing concern.
Girls
of color are increasingly accounting for this trend.
According to one 2019 Pediatrics study, the number
of white children attempting suicide in the U.S. decreased from 1991 to 2017, while the number of Black
children attempting suicide went up.
“Black youths are two times more likely to die by suicide compared
to their white counterparts,” says Arielle Sheftall.
Now, she says, “we’re trying to figure this out.”
There’s
rarely a single thing that drives someone to attempt suicide, and similarly there are many factors—from
bullying to stigma to childhood trauma and racism—but no one cause that could help to explain the
increase in suicides among Black youth.
Com base no texto, afirma-se que
I. de modo geral, o suicídio entre jovens nos USA tem crescido historicamente.
II. ansiedade e depressão na pandemia impactaram o aumento de suicídios.
III. meninas negras nos USA cometem mais suicídio do que meninas brancas.
IV. o estudo aponta motivos para o suicídio e sugere como enfrentá-los.
V. o suicídio entre jovens aumentou durante a pandemia de COVID-19.
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta as afirmativas corretas.
A) Apenas II e V.
B) Apenas II e IV.
C) Apenas I e III.
D) Apenas III e V.
💡 GABARITO 🄲
Com base no texto, afirma-se que
I. ✅de modo geral, o suicídio entre jovens nos USA tem crescido historicamente.
✨Análise: O texto confirma crescimento histórico significativo.
🔹"[...] Across the board, suicide rates among young Americans have risen; from 2007 to 2018, suicide rates for Americans ages 10 to 24 rose by 57%, and the increase was particularly significant among young girls, contributing to a narrowing of the persistent suicide gender gap."(De modo geral, as taxas de suicídio entre jovens americanos aumentaram; de 2007 a 2018, as taxas de suicídio entre americanos de 10 a 24 anos subiram 57%, e o aumento foi particularmente significativo entre meninas, contribuindo para a redução da persistente diferença de gênero no suicídio.)
📍Expressões importantes:
🔹"
across the board" → de modo geral → Expressão idiomática → indica algo que afeta todos os grupos.
🔹"
have risen" → aumentaram → Presente perfeito → aumento contínuo até o presente. Presente perfeito → descreve tendência de crescimento até agora.
🔹"
rose by 57%" → subiram 57% → Passado simples → dado específico de tempo. Passado simples → ação localizada no período 2007–2018.
🔹"
gender gap" → diferença de gênero → Termo sociológico usado em estatísticas comparativas.
II. ❌ansiedade e depressão na pandemia impactaram o aumento de suicídios.
✨Análise: O texto diz que ansiedade e depressão aumentaram, mas não afirma que impactaram o aumento de suicídios, já que houve até uma queda nos índices durante os primeiros meses da pandemia.
🔹"[...] given spiking anxiety and depression rates during the pandemic, which studies suggest took a particularly harsh toll on young people, there’s good reason for continuing concern.”
III. ✅meninas negras nos USA cometem mais suicídio do que meninas brancas.
✨Análise: O texto fala em jovens negros em geral, não em meninas especificamente. Ainda assim, como alternativa, a banca considerou válida.
🔹"[...] Black youths are two times more likely to die by suicide compared to their white counterparts.”
IV. ❌o estudo aponta motivos para o suicídio e sugere como enfrentá-los.
✨Análise: O texto aponta fatores possíveis, mas não sugere como enfrentá-los.
🔹"[...] there are many factors—from bullying to stigma to childhood trauma and racism—but no one cause that could help to explain the increase in suicides among Black youth.”
V. ❌o suicídio entre jovens aumentou durante a pandemia de COVID-19.
✨Análise: O texto mostra que diminuiu, não aumentou.
🔹"[...] U.S. suicide rates actually decreased somewhat during the early months of the pandemic…”
42 – An astonishing 40% of bees die every year as a result of disease, pesticides and climate change
— in part because busy commercial beekeepers miss warning signs. That’s where Beewise, an
artificial-intelligence-powered hive, comes in. Using precision robotics, computer vision and AI, a
Beehome — which costs $15 a month and might host 2 million bees — monitors the insects 24/7. When
a hive is exposed to, say, parasites or experiences irregular temperatures, its internal systems respond
immediately by applying pesticides, for example. Use of the smart technology can double pollination
capacity and honey production, while decreasing colonies’ mortality rate. “Not only do bees not die,”
says Saar Safra, Beewise’s CEO. “They thrive.”
Com base no texto acima, é INCORRETO afirmar que
A) a ciência desconhece as causas da mortandade de abelhas.
B) as abelhas podem morrer por ausência de ações preventivas.
C) a inteligência artificial pode ser usada para proteger apiários.
D) Beewise pode ajudar no aumento da produção de mel.
💡 GABARITO 🄰
Com base no texto acima, é INCORRETO afirmar que
A) ❌a ciência desconhece as causas da mortandade de abelhas.
B) ✅as abelhas podem morrer por ausência de ações preventivas.
C) ✅a inteligência artificial pode ser usada para proteger apiários.
D) ✅Beewise pode ajudar no aumento da produção de mel.
43 – It might not be the slickest thing on four wheels, and it definitely won’t win any time trials, but
Chinese logistics firm Cainiao’s new Xiao G delivery cart could be the future.
Every hour, the three-foot by five-foot automated vehicle picks up packages from Cainiao’s depot
in Hangzhou—a city of 10 million people in China’s booming east—and tours a nearby neighborhood.
Locals in pajamas pop down to meet the driverless cart at their nearest delivery point and type in a
reference number.
A door in the vehicle’s side flips open and the customer’s parcel can be retrieved.
Xiao G heads onto the next stop, weaving ponderously through traffic via 360-degree sensors.
“It sends
a message to customers after setting off and another when it arrives at a pick-up point so they know to
come down,” says Cainiao engineer Long Fei.
“Some models allow customers to drop off as well as pick
up packages.”
In terms of innovations in logistics, Xiao G may not be as earth-shaking as the shipping container
or the cargo jet.
But it is the most visible aspect of a stealthy revolution powered by Cainiao, which was
founded in 2014.
The $10 billion subsidiary of e-commerce giant Alibaba says it is poised to transform
worldwide trade.
Based on this text about the Chinese logistics firm Cainiao’s new delivery cart, we can infer that
I. customers may pick up their product and also send packages using Xiao G.
II. it may influence how businesses in other parts of the world deliver products.
III. it will probably be more impactful in logistics than shipping containers.
IV. it can move fast through heavy city traffics using 360-degree sensors.
V. it relies on mobile technology and driverless vehicles to make its deliveries.
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta as afirmativas corretas.
A) Apenas I e IV.
B) Apenas III e V.
C) Apenas II e V.
D) Apenas I e III.
💡 GABARITO 🄲
Based on this text about the Chinese logistics firm Cainiao’s new delivery cart, we can infer that
I. ❌customers may pick up their product and also send packages using Xiao G.
II. ✅it may influence how businesses in other parts of the world deliver products.
III. ❌it will probably be more impactful in logistics than shipping containers.
IV. ❌it can move fast through heavy city traffics using 360-degree sensors.
V. ✅it relies on mobile technology and driverless vehicles to make its deliveries.
44 – During the pandemic, universities had to quickly co-ordinate with administrative staff, professors, (1)
_____ and technical teams to transfer courses online to complete their academic year.
This required (2) _____
and students to rapidly master the use of learning management systems (such as Moodle, Blackboard, Google
Education and others) and (3) _____ learning communication software products (such as Zoom, Skype and
Teams) to name a few. Students and university (4) _____ had to make significant adjustments.
Beyond using
what to many were unfamiliar (5) _____ media and teaching tools, they also had to adapt to new methods of (6)
_____, classroom interaction, teaching practices and student-faculty communication.
Choose the alternative with the words which best complete the text above.
A) (1) teachers; (2) staff; (3) creative; (4) professors; (5) recent; (6) involvement
B) (1) parents; (2) faculty; (3) online; (4) staff; (5) new; (6) active
C) (1) directors; (2) parents; (3) new; (4) faculty; (5) teaching; (6) learning
D) (1) students; (2) faculty; (3) distance; (4) staff; (5) online; (6) engagement
💡 GABARITO 🄳
45 – TEXTS
TEXT A
Since Barack Obama was elected in 2008, the price of solar energy has fallen 78 percent, and
the cost of wind energy has also fallen by 58 percent, thanks largely to technological advancements
and economies of scale. In isolation, these numbers are not impressive.
But what makes the differ ence
is that the global economy grew by 3 percent in 2014 while world emissions remained flat.
Cheaper
alternative energy is the best hope the world has left.
People are not willing to fundamentally change
their lives for problems far off in the future, even ones as potentially catastrophic as climate change.
To
avoid the worst effects of climate change, alternative energies need to become as cheap and reliable
as their carbon-emitting counterparts, and quickly.
TEXT B
The thoroughly modern phenomenon of cybercrime and economic espionage is estimated to cost
the world more than $445 billion every year.
And while it hasn’t happened yet, the fear that cyberattacks
can spill over and trigger real-world conflicts remains an ongoing concern.
A decade ago, the Pentagon
had a stockpile of fewer than 50 drones; today it has an arsenal of about 7,000.
The Pentagon estimates
that China will build nearly 42,000 drones by 2023.
Others will follow suit.
Technology has given terrorist
groups like ISIS an unparalleled platform to spread their messages of hate.
The knowledge needed to
build bombs in the comfort of your own home is now just a few short clicks away. Technology is capable
of empowering every single individual in the world, even the worst of us.
Much of today’s news coverage focusses on technological advancements and on how they might
impact society.
According to the Text A and Text B, we can state that
I. we should spend our time figuring out how to live without technology.
II. both texts A and B indicate we should learn how to live in this new world.
III. the main idea in these texts is that technology is neither good nor bad.
IV. text A focuses on how technology can help us save the planet.
V. text B introduces arguments on negative aspects of technology.
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta as afirmativas corretas.
A) Apenas I e II.
B) Apenas IV e V.
C) Apenas II e III.
D) Apenas II e IV.
💡 GABARITO 🄱
Much of today’s news coverage focusses on technological advancements and on how they might impact society.
According to the Text A and Text B, we can state that
I. ❌we should spend our time figuring out how to live without technology.
II. ❌both texts A and B indicate we should learn how to live in this new world.
III. ❌the main idea in these texts is that technology is neither good nor bad.
IV. ✅text A focuses on how technology can help us save the planet.
V. ✅text B introduces arguments on negative aspects of technology.
46 – In his book entitled ‘The McDonaldization of Society’, George Ritzer nicely encompasses concepts from
sociology, management, and economics to provide a profound understanding of our modern society.
According
to George Ritzer, McDonaldization is defined as the process by which the principles of the fast-food restaurant
are coming to dominate more and more sectors of American society as well as of the rest of the world.
The
success of McDonald’s is also evident worldwide as over half of the company’s revenue comes from overseas
operations serving 50 million customers a day.
Indeed, this fast-food restaurant has become more than just a
company. It has become a part of our culture.
According to the text,
A) profits from companies overseas are around 50 million dollars a year.
B) “the McDonaldization of Society” has been rejected for cultural reasons.
C) George Ritzer uses sociology to understand modern American society.
D) there is a considerable decrease of fast-food restaurants all over the world.
💡 GABARITO 🄲
According to the text,
A) ❌profits from companies overseas are around 50 million dollars a year.
B) ❌“the McDonaldization of Society” has been rejected for cultural reasons.
C) ✅George Ritzer uses sociology to understand modern American society.
D) ❌there is a considerable decrease of fast-food restaurants all over the world.
47 – AlterEgo doesn’t read your thoughts, but it can
enable you to communicate with your computer
without touching a keyboard or opening your
mouth.
To use the headset to carry out a simple
task like Googling the weather on your laptop,
first formulate the query in your mind.
The
headset’s sensors read the signals that
formulation sends from your brain to areas you’d
trigger if you had said the query aloud, like the
back of your tongue and palate.
Then, via a web
connection, the device, designed by researchers
at the MIT Media Lab, carries out the task on
your laptop.
To inform you of the results of the task, the
headset uses a bone conduction speaker that
only ou can hear.
Researchers found that the
device’s prototype was able to understand its
wearer 92% of the time.
The interface is
currently being tested in limited hospital
settings, where it helps patients with multiple
sclerosis and ALS to communicate.
Sobre a tecnologia desenvolvida e apresentada no texto, é correto afirmar que ela
I. foi batizada de AlterEgo em homenagem aos pesquisadores inventores.
II. foi desenvolvida por um grupo de pesquisadores na Universidade MIT.
III. lê as ondas mentais que são emitidas diretamente para o computador.
IV. utiliza um tipo de speaker que emite sons pela própria estrutura óssea.
V. está sendo testada em ambientes hospitalares com pessoas surdas.
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta as afirmativas corretas.
A) Apenas II e IV.
B) Apenas I e III.
C) Apenas III e IV.
D) Apenas II e V.
💡 GABARITO 🄰
Sobre a tecnologia desenvolvida e apresentada no texto, é correto afirmar que ela
I. ❌foi batizada de AlterEgo em homenagem aos pesquisadores inventores.
II. ✅foi desenvolvida por um grupo de pesquisadores na Universidade MIT.
III. ❌lê as ondas mentais que são emitidas diretamente para o computador.
IV. ✅utiliza um tipo de speaker que emite sons pela própria estrutura óssea.
V. ❌está sendo testada em ambientes hospitalares com pessoas surdas.
48 – Bureau of Labor Statistics
Com base nas informações contidas no gráfico, assinale a alternativa que NÃO representa sua temática.
A) “Unemployment: The Silent Killer”.
B) “Corona is Healing the Economy.”
C) “As Covid-19 Spreads, So Does Unemployment”.
D) “Increasing Pandemic, Lowering Paychecks”.
💡 GABARITO 🄱
Com base nas informações contidas no gráfico, assinale a alternativa que NÃO representa sua temática.
A) ✅“Unemployment: The Silent Killer”.
B) ❌“Corona is Healing the Economy.”
C) ✅“As Covid-19 Spreads, So Does Unemployment”.
D) ✅“Increasing Pandemic, Lowering Paychecks”.
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