đč10 Multiple Choice Questions | FOUR-Option Question |
❑ QuestĂŁo 31 –
According to literary theorist Kenneth Burke, humans are symbols-based species. People have naturally responded to symbolism in
their quest for identity as well as survival because symbols induce cooperation and communication. Being so, choose the ability that
can be specifically related to the image below:
đ(Available In: https://www.easel.ly/blog/how-to-make-pictograms.)
A) Recognizing the new digital genres and new forms of writing.
B) Debating English expansion worldwide in its historical context.
C) Using rebbutals and arguments in order to defend standpoints.
D) Examining the role of English in scientific and political exchange.
đĄ GABARITO A
đ§©TEXTO BASE:
đčKenneth Burke afirma que os humanos sĂŁo uma espĂ©cie baseada em sĂmbolos.
➡️ Os sĂmbolos servem para comunicação e cooperação.
➡️ As pessoas naturalmente respondem ao simbolismo na busca por identidade e sobrevivĂȘncia.
➡️ A imagem (citada como pictogram) representa linguagem visual ou simbĂłlica, algo muito usado em ambientes digitais e multimodais.
đš ANĂLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:
A) ✅Recognizing the new digital genres and new forms of writing.
đčTradução: Reconhecer os novos gĂȘneros digitais e novas formas de escrita.
đčPor que estĂĄ correta: O texto fala sobre sĂmbolos e pictogramas, que fazem parte das novas formas de comunicação digital (emoticons, emojis, Ăcones, infogrĂĄficos etc.).
đčIsso se encaixa diretamente com a ideia de “new digital genres and new forms of writing”, pois envolve leitura multimodal (texto + imagem).
đĄ Palavra-chave: pictogram → representação simbĂłlica → forma moderna de escrita visual.
B) ❌Debating English expansion worldwide in its historical context.
đčTradução: Debater a expansĂŁo do inglĂȘs no mundo em seu contexto histĂłrico.
Pegadinha:
đčParece acadĂȘmica e coerente, mas o texto nĂŁo fala de inglĂȘs, colonialismo, nem histĂłria da lĂngua.
EstĂĄ fora do escopo simbĂłlico/digital.
C) ❌Using rebuttals and arguments in order to defend standpoints.
đčTradução: Usar refutaçÔes e argumentos para defender pontos de vista.
đčPegadinha: Essa alternativa remete Ă competĂȘncia argumentativa (debate, ensaio, discurso).
đčMas a questĂŁo fala de sĂmbolos e pictogramas, nĂŁo de debate ou retĂłrica.
đčTenta enganar por soar “intelectual” e relacionada Ă linguagem.
D) ❌Examining the role of English in scientific and political exchange.
đčTradução: Examinar o papel do inglĂȘs nas trocas cientĂficas e polĂticas.
đčPegadinha: Parece plausĂvel em uma prova de inglĂȘs, mas o texto fala de sĂmbolos universais, nĂŁo da lĂngua inglesa.
đč“Scientific and political exchange” Ă© completamente fora do contexto de pictograms e symbolic communication.
❑ QuestĂŁo 32
Regarding the information provided by meme’s verbal language in the featured image, it is consistent that:
THOUGHT - THROUGH - THROUGHOUT - THOUGHT - THOROUGH - TOUGH
đ(Available In: https://languagetool.org.)
A) The words differ in pronunciation, meaning, spelling, and also belong to diverse word classes.
B) The words have the same pronunciation but they have different meanings, origins, and spelling.
C) The words characterize the phenomenon whereby a single word form is associated with several senses.
D) The words are spelled the same but not necessarily pronounced the same, having different meanings and origins.
đĄ GABARITO A
đ§©Essa questĂŁo Ă© uma das mais clĂĄssicas sobre homophones, homographs e heteronyms.
đčVamos destrinchar a questĂŁo 32 e mostrar por que o gabarito Ă© A, alĂ©m das pegadinhas nas demais alternativas.
đ§© O meme mostra as palavras:
THOUGHT – THROUGH – THROUGHOUT – THOUGHT – THOROUGH – TOUGH
đčEssas palavras parecem semelhantes, mas tĂȘm diferenças de pronĂșncia, significado, classe gramatical e origem etimolĂłgica.
đš ANĂLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:
A) ✅The words differ in pronunciation, meaning, spelling, and also belong to diverse word classes.
đčCorreta →As palavras diferem em pronĂșncia, significado, ortografia e tambĂ©m pertencem a diferentes classes gramaticais.
đčCorreta porque: Apesar de visualmente parecidas, todas mudam completamente de som e de sentido. Exemplo:
đčThought /ΞÉËt/ → substantivo (pensamento) ou verbo (pensou)
đčThrough /ΞruË/ → preposição (atravĂ©s de)
đčThroughout /ΞruËËaÊt/ → advĂ©rbio/preposição (por todo)
đčThorough /ËΞÊrÉ/ → adjetivo (minucioso)
đčTough /tÊf/ → adjetivo (duro, difĂcil)
đElas diferem em tudo: som, grafia, função e sentido.
đ Por isso, a alternativa A resume perfeitamente o fenĂŽmeno retratado no meme.
B) ❌The words have the same pronunciation but they have different meanings, origins, and spelling.
đčIncorreta → As palavras tĂȘm a mesma pronĂșncia, mas significados, origens e grafias diferentes.
đčPegadinha: Isso define homophones (ex: two / too / to).
đčMas aqui, as palavras tĂȘm pronĂșncias diferentes, portanto nĂŁo sĂŁo homophones.
C) The words characterize the phenomenon whereby a single word form is associated with several senses. ❌
đčIncorreta → As palavras caracterizam o fenĂŽmeno em que uma Ășnica forma de palavra estĂĄ associada a vĂĄrios sentidos.
đčPegadinha: Isso define polysemy (polissemia).
Exemplo real de polissemia: head (cabeça da pessoa / chefe / topo / frente).
đčNo caso do meme, nĂŁo Ă© uma mesma forma com vĂĄrios sentidos, mas vĂĄrias formas semelhantes entre si.
D) The words are spelled the same but not necessarily pronounced the same, having different meanings and origins. ❌
đčIncorreta → As palavras sĂŁo escritas da mesma forma, mas nĂŁo necessariamente pronunciadas da mesma maneira, tendo diferentes significados e origens.
đčPegadinha: Isso define homographs (mesma grafia, pronĂșncia diferente). Exemplo: lead (guiar) vs lead (metal).
đčMas no meme, as palavras tĂȘm grafias diferentes (through ≠ tough ≠ thorough).
đŹ Resumo em uma frase:
đčO meme brinca com a inconsistĂȘncia fonĂ©tica e ortogrĂĄfica do inglĂȘs, mostrando palavras parecidas na escrita, mas completamente diferentes em som, função e significado — exatamente o que diz a alternativa A.
❑ Examine the set of sentences and choose the item displaying incompatible data.
a) We congratulated Ann on her newborn babygirl.
b) Because Joe had lied over and over, mom was mad at him.
c) Alice decided to wait until sunrise to go home.
d) Since the beginning, their relationship was doomed.
e) Mark remained in the office until he finished talking about Ted’s behavior.
f) Greens are low in fat, one can’t blame them for weight gain.
g) Global warming is leading us not to rely on fossil fuels.
h) Patricia is planning to resign from the 9-5 work soon.
i) We’ve been going to school together since we were little kids.
j) Even though they have limited funds, they hold fun events for the community.
k) Stop being so inquisitive and peering at this stuff, it’s supposed to be a surprise!
❑ QuestĂŁo 33
A) Conjunctions always connect clauses, nouns or pronouns.
B) Some conjunctions can also be employed as prepositions.
C) Prepositions will be followed either by nouns or pronouns.
D) Some sentences have prepositional verbs and their objects.
đĄ GABARITO A
đ§©QuestĂŁo #33 exige anĂĄlise sintĂĄtica e lexical de todas as frases, observando como preposiçÔes e conjunçÔes sĂŁo usadas.
Vamos destrinchar passo a passo para entender por que o gabarito Ă© A e as pegadinhas nas demais alternativas.
đ§© ENUNCIADO
Examine the set of sentences and choose the item displaying incompatible data.
Ou seja, queremos identificar qual frase contém um erro gramatical ou de uso inadequado de conjunção/preposição.
đč ANĂLISE DAS SENTENĂAS (a–k):
a) We congratulated Ann on her newborn babygirl.
✅ “Congratulate on” Ă© um prepositional verb correto.
b) Because Joe had lied over and over, mom was mad at him.
✅ “Because” = conjunção causal; “mad at” = correto.
c) Alice decided to wait until sunrise to go home.
✅ “Until sunrise” = locução prepositiva correta.
d) Since the beginning, their relationship was doomed.
✅ “Since” = preposição temporal aqui; ok.
e) Mark remained in the office until he finished talking about Ted’s behavior.
✅ “Until” = conjunção temporal (liga duas oraçÔes); ok.
f) Greens are low in fat, one can’t blame them for weight gain.
❌ ERRADA Faltou conjunção de coordenação: deveria ser “Greens are low in fat, so one can’t blame them…” ou usar ponto e vĂrgula. HĂĄ incompatibilidade de estrutura — duas oraçÔes independentes sem conector adequado.
g) Global warming is leading us not to rely on fossil fuels.
✅ Correto; infinitivo com “not to rely” perfeitamente aceitĂĄvel.
h) Patricia is planning to resign from the 9-5 work soon.
✅ “Resign from” = verbo preposicional correto.
i) We’ve been going to school together since we were little kids.
✅ “Since” = conjunção temporal subordinativa; perfeito.
j) Even though they have limited funds, they hold fun events for the community.
✅ “Even though” = conjunção concessiva; certo.
k) Stop being so inquisitive and peering at this stuff, it’s supposed to be a surprise!
✅ Correto; uso natural de “and peering at”. Apenas vĂrgula poderia ser ponto, mas nĂŁo hĂĄ erro funcional.
⚠️ FRASE INCOMPATĂVEL → (f).
đčEla junta duas oraçÔes independentes sem conjunção coordenativa.
đč Correto:
đč“Greens are low in fat, so one can’t blame them for weight gain.”
ou
đč“Greens are low in fat; one can’t blame them for weight gain.”
đš ANĂLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:
Examine the set of sentences and choose the item displaying incompatible data.
Examine o conjunto de frases e escolha a opção que apresenta dados incompatĂveis.
A) ❌Conjunctions always connect clauses, nouns or pronouns.
đčIncorreta → As conjunçÔes ligam sempre oraçÔes, substantivos ou pronomes.
đčConjunçÔes nĂŁo conectam substantivos ou pronomes isoladamente — quem faz isso sĂŁo preposiçÔes.
đčConjunçÔes conectam oraçÔes ou palavras de mesma classe (como “and” entre adjetivos ou verbos).
B) ✅Some conjunctions can also be employed as prepositions.
đčCorreta → Algumas conjunçÔes podem tambĂ©m ser empregadas como preposiçÔes.
đčExemplo: “Since” → pode ser conjunção (Since you came) ou preposição (Since Monday).
C) ✅Prepositions will be followed either by nouns or pronouns.
đčCorreta → As preposiçÔes serĂŁo seguidas de substantivos ou pronomes.
đčCorreto. Exemplo: about her, on Monday, with them.
D) ✅Some sentences have prepositional verbs and their objects.
đčCorreta → Algumas frases tĂȘm verbos preposicionais e os seus objetos.
đč Exemplo: congratulate on, resign from, mad at.
đŻ Portanto:
A sentença com dado incompatĂvel Ă© a (f).
A alternativa que identifica o erro teórico correspondente é a letra A, porque define conjunção de forma incorreta.
❑ QuestĂŁo 34
Examine the image carefully to choose the option providing information that matches it:
invest smart - travel cheap - sleep deep! - eat local - live cleaver - find it quick - dress stylish
đ(Available In: https://www.cartoonstock.com.) A) Adjectives and adverbs describe the same speech parts.
B) The imperative mood should never be used with adverbs.
C) Adverbs are words that are able to modify or qualify verbs.
D) Free morphemes are used to change adjetives into adverbs.
đĄ GABARITO C
đ§©QuestĂŁo #34 exige interpretação gramatical aplicada ao texto visual (a imagem com comandos curtos e rĂtmicos) e reconhecimento da função dos advĂ©rbios.
đ§© ENUNCIADO
Examine the image carefully to choose the option providing information that matches it:
invest smart – travel cheap – sleep deep – eat local – live clever – find it quick – dress stylish
đ ANĂLISE LINGUĂSTICA
Essas expressÔes seguem um padrão:
[Verbo no imperativo] + [palavra que modifica o verbo]
đŒ️ Texto da imagem
invest smart – travel cheap – sleep deep – eat local – live clever – find it quick – dress stylish
đ§ Interpretação
Cada expressĂŁo traz um verbo no imperativo (invest, travel, sleep...) seguido de uma palavra que o modifica — isto Ă©, um advĂ©rbio (smart, cheap, deep, local, clever, quick, stylish).
đ Eles indicam como a ação deve ser feita.
đš ANĂLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:
Examine the image carefully to choose the option providing information that matches it.
Examine a imagem cuidadosamente para escolher a opção que fornece informaçÔes que lhe correspondem.
đ
❌Adjectives and adverbs describe the same speech parts.
đčPegadinha: Adjetivos descrevem substantivos (a clever student).
đčAdvĂ©rbios descrevem verbos, adjetivos ou outros advĂ©rbios (live cleverly).
➡️ Errada, pois confundem as funçÔes gramaticais.
đ
❌The imperative mood should never be used with adverbs.
đčPegadinha: O modo imperativo (Invest! Travel!) pode sim ser acompanhado de advĂ©rbios (Travel cheaply!).
➡️ Errada, porque o uso Ă© perfeitamente correto — como mostra a prĂłpria imagem.
đ
✅Adverbs are words that are able to modify or qualify verbs.
đčCorreta: Essa Ă© exatamente a função dos advĂ©rbios: modificar verbos, adjetivos ou outros advĂ©rbios.
đčNo texto, smart, cheap, deep... qualificam como as açÔes devem ser feitas.
đ
❌Free morphemes are used to change adjectives into adverbs.
đčPegadinha gramatical: Para formar advĂ©rbios a partir de adjetivos, usamos morfemas presos (bound morphemes) como -ly (quick → quickly).
➡️ “Free morphemes” (morfemas livres) sĂŁo palavras independentes, e nĂŁo prefixos ou sufixos.
đĄ GABARITO: đ
Adverbs are words that are able to modify or qualify verbs.
❑ Read the text to answer 35.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, in 2009 the American population was 80% white, 16% Hispanic 13% African-American,
5% Asian, 1% American Indian and 0.2% Native Hawaiian.
It is important to note that each race contains various ethnic groups,
and that the large numbers of the ethnic population can be credited to the significant immigrant population.
Geographically, in
the South as well as West, there are specific areas that have large portions of the total population that are a minority.
Notably,
close to half of the people in the West was a minority in 2010. California emerges as the state that contains the largest minority
population at 22.3 million.
Additionally, the years between 2000 and 2010, Texas joined California, the District of Columbia,
Hawaii as well as New Mexico in having the largest population of the minority.
Additionally, the examination of racial as well as
ethnic group distributions countrywide assert that while the non-Hispanic white alone population is still the largest major race
in the United States, it is growing at the slowest rate.
On the other hand, the Hispanic and Asian populations have grown
extensively in part because of moderately higher levels of immigration.
Culture is the lens with which individuals in a society assess everything around them, therefore.
Cultural diversity matters
because culture enables people to analyze what is proper or improper, what is viewed as normal or insane.
Notably, when one
encounters or associates himself with a culture that is not his, he may get a shock or get disoriented due to the different culture.
Therefore, most individuals employ their culture as a basis to judge other cultures, thus the risk of people beginning to
discriminate other’s way of life.
Thus the need for cultural diversity, America as a country, as workplaces, as schools gradually
consist of people of various cultural, racial as well as ethnic groups.
Hence, as a diverse society, we can learn from one another,
acknowledge different perspectives within the world in which we live, eliminate negative stereotypes, and personal biases
regarding different groups.
đ(Available In: https://collegeessay.org. Adapted.)
❑ QuestĂŁo 35
Texts genres refer to categories of texts, each having a different convention of style and structure, also aiming at a diverse
goals. The purpose of the highlighted text is to:
A) Identify and characterize by introducing factual information meant to aid one to grasp issues in an objective way.
B) Argue in behalf of a position set forth in a thesis, while operating organized data to support the position adopted.
C) Offer oriented and applied knowledge to enable one to accomplish a task without assistance or support of others.
D) Focus on creating a sensory experience by approaching a topic with the intention of exhausting its traits or attributes.
đĄ GABARITO A
đ§©đ§Ÿ Resumo do texto
O texto apresenta dados estatĂsticos e explicaçÔes objetivas sobre:
a composição racial e étnica da população dos EUA,
o crescimento demogrĂĄfico de grupos minoritĂĄrios (hispĂąnicos, asiĂĄticos etc.),
e a importĂąncia da diversidade cultural para a convivĂȘncia social e respeito Ă s diferenças.
đ O texto Ă© informativo e expositivo, trazendo dados, anĂĄlises e conclusĂ”es neutras, sem tentar persuadir.
đš ANĂLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:
The purpose of the highlighted text is to:
đ
✅Identify and characterize by introducing factual information meant to aid one to grasp issues in an objective way.
đčO texto informa dados concretos (2009 the American population was 80% white, 16% Hispanic…).
đčApresenta explicaçÔes analĂticas e imparciais, sem defender uma opiniĂŁo.
đčEssa Ă© a função expositiva/informativa dos gĂȘneros report ou informative essay.
➡️ Gabarito: A.
đ
❌Argue in behalf of a position set forth in a thesis, while operating organized data to support the position adopted.
đčPegadinha: Descreve o gĂȘnero argumentativo (essay, editorial).
đčApesar de o texto comentar sobre diversidade cultural, ele nĂŁo defende uma tese, apenas explica e descreve.
đ
❌Offer oriented and applied knowledge to enable one to accomplish a task without assistance or support of others.
đčPegadinha: Isso descreve o gĂȘnero instrucional, como manuals, how-to guides, recipes.
đčO texto nĂŁo ensina um procedimento, apenas explica fatos socioculturais.
đ
❌Focus on creating a sensory experience by approaching a topic with the intention of exhausting its traits or attributes.
đčPegadinha literĂĄria: Essa alternativa descreve o gĂȘnero descritivo-literĂĄrio (como poemas, contos descritivos).
đčO texto nĂŁo busca causar emoção nem experiĂȘncia
❑ QuestĂŁo 36
The text below describes what its author thinks is an ideal place or world to live in. Having text clues as reference, it is correct
to state that:
How It Oughta Be (Shane Profitt)
A backyard ought to be a safe place for kids to play
Teachers oughta get doctor's and lawyer's pay
I don't know about you, but if you ask me
That's how it oughta be
Cold beer oughta be too cold to hold
Somethin' good about somebody's all that oughta be told
The world oughta try a piece of Momma's chicken
Feel the love around her tabletop in the kitchen, and
Oughta be off your ass when that anthem gets sung
All our friends oughta live to be too old to die Young
Ain't how it is, but I believe
That's how it oughta be
I think 87 octane oughta be 99 cents
A buggy full of groceries oughta be cheaper than rente
Don't know why it ain't
But if you ask me
That's how it oughta be
Cold beer oughta be too cold to hold
Somethin' good about somebody's all that oughta be told
The world oughta try a piece of Momma's chicken
Feel the love around her tabletop in the kitchen, and
Oughta be off your ass when that anthem gets sung
All our friends oughta live to be too old to die Young
Ain't how it is, but I believe
That's how it oughta be
That's how it oughta be
Cold beer oughta be too cold to hold
Somethin' good about somebody's all that oughta be told
The world oughta try a piece of Momma's chicken
Feel the love around her tabletop in the kitchen, and
Oughta be off your ass when that anthem gets sung
All our friends oughta live to be too old to die Young
Ain't how it is, but I believe
That's how it oughta be, yeah
That's how it oughta be, yeah, hey-hey
That's how it oughta be
đ(David Frasier. Mitchell Edward Oglesby. Shane Proffit. Available In: https://www.youtube.com.)
A) There are moral and ethical issues posed.
B) The text validates the strongest duty sense.
C) Vital actions are undertaken due to danger.
D) The text offers hints and a binding behavior.
đĄ GABARITO A
đ§©đ” Texto-base: “How It Oughta Be” — Shane Profitt
A letra fala sobre como o mundo deveria ser (oughta = ought to → deveria).
O cantor descreve um mundo ideal, mais justo, ético e humano, com valores tradicionais:
Professores ganhando salĂĄrios justos,
Crianças brincando com segurança,
Pessoas falando bem umas das outras,
Amor familiar, patriotismo, respeito e honestidade.
đ Em resumo, o eu lĂrico critica a realidade e propĂ”e valores morais e Ă©ticos como ideais para uma sociedade melhor.
đš ANĂLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:
The text below describes what its author thinks is an ideal place or world to live in. Having text clues as reference, it is correct to state that:
O texto abaixo descreve aquele que o seu autor considera um lugar ou mundo ideal para se viver. Tomando como referĂȘncia pistas textuais, Ă© correto afirmar que:
đ
✅There are moral and ethical issues posed.
O texto expressa valores morais (respeito, honestidade, famĂlia, trabalho justo, amor ao prĂłximo).
O autor reflete sobre princĂpios Ă©ticos e sociais, mostrando como o mundo deveria ser moralmente melhor.
đŹ “Teachers oughta get doctor’s and lawyer’s pay.” → questĂŁo Ă©tica sobre valorização profissional.
đŹ “Somethin’ good about somebody’s all that oughta be told.” → moral sobre falar o bem, nĂŁo o mal.
➡️ O texto levanta reflexĂ”es morais e Ă©ticas, nĂŁo apenas descritivas ou instrutivas.
đ
❌The text validates the strongest duty sense.
Pegadinha:
“Ought to” expressa duty (obrigação moral), mas aqui o sentido Ă© idealista, nĂŁo normativo.
O autor não impÔe deveres, apenas expressa desejos de um mundo melhor.
đ
❌Vital actions are undertaken due to danger.
O texto nĂŁo fala de perigo, risco ou sobrevivĂȘncia.
à sobre valores e comportamento social, não açÔes vitais.
đ
❌The text offers hints and a binding behavior.
“Hints and binding behavior” → instruçÔes obrigatĂłrias, normas.
O texto nĂŁo dita regras nem ordens, Ă© reflexivo e emocional.
❑ QuestĂŁo 37
Considering the segment
- “They’ll head home with golden contacts, investor cocktail hours were built into the packed schedule, and a commitment for up to $500,000 in seed capital from Capria Accelerator, a first-of-its-kind venture whose initial investors include Microsoft cofounder ___ and world’s richest man ___ Bill Gates.”,
about the featured WHOSE it is incompatible that:
A) It refers to Capria Accelerator.
B) It indicates possession relation.
C) It can be replaced by “WHOM”.
D) It has the meaning “OF WHICH”.
đĄ GABARITO C
đ§©đ§Ÿ Trecho original:
“They’ll head home with golden contacts, investor cocktail hours were built into the packed schedule, and a commitment for up to $500,000 in seed capital from Capria Accelerator, a first-of-its-kind venture whose initial investors include Microsoft cofounder ___ and world’s richest man ___ Bill Gates.”
đ§ AnĂĄlise do uso de “whose”
“Whose” Ă© um pronome relativo de posse.
Refere-se a Capria Accelerator (a empresa mencionada antes).
Liga o antecedente (venture) ao que lhe pertence (initial investors).
đ Sentido:
“Capria Accelerator, cujo investimento inicial inclui o cofundador da Microsoft...”
đš ANĂLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:
WHOSE Ă© incompatĂvel que:
đ
✅It refers to Capria Accelerator.
Correta.
“Whose” refere-se a Capria Accelerator, o antecedente imediato.
đ
✅It indicates possession relation.
Correta.
Expressa posse: os investors pertencem Ă venture.
đ
❌It can be replaced by “WHOM”.
IncompatĂvel — GABARITO.
“Whom” Ă© objeto de verbo ou preposição, nĂŁo indica posse.
Exemplo: “The man whom I met yesterday…”
Aqui, a relação Ă© de posse, entĂŁo “whom” nĂŁo pode substituir whose.
đ
✅It has the meaning “OF WHICH”.
Correta.
Quando o antecedente Ă© coisa (nĂŁo pessoa), “whose” pode equivaler a “of which”:
“Capria Accelerator, of which the initial investors include…”
(embora “whose” soe mais natural).
❑ Analyse the information given below to answer 38.
Undertanding the language as a means of communication which is predominantly oral, rather than written, considering language
teaching inductive, and not necessarily conscious is its base.
In terms of pedagogic theory, inductive teaching happens through
practice, so that students should be encouraged to answer questions, thus learning how to speak, speaking.
Translation must be
avoided, therefore, in order to construct understanding, teachers associate lexicon and object, in concrete relationships, what is
supposed to lead to abstract ideas, in such a way that those will always be linked to concrete concepts.
The sociolinguistic base for
teaching is the language employed by native speakers in everyday communicative interactions, that is, in simulations that introduce
dialogues, for example, in a restaurant, at the supermarket.
❑ QuestĂŁo 38
The development of several methods and approaches with the purpose of teaching/learning English has given rise to much
debate and discussion. As to the description put forward, it is compliant with:
A) The Post-Method.
B) The Direct Method.
C) The Audiolingual Method.
D) The Communicative Approach.
đĄ GABARITO B
đ§©đ§Ÿ Trecho-base (resumo das ideias):
A lĂngua Ă© um meio de comunicação predominantemente oral, nĂŁo escrita.
O ensino Ă© indutivo, nĂŁo consciente (ou seja, o aluno aprende pela prĂĄtica, e nĂŁo por regras explĂcitas).
A tradução deve ser evitada.
O professor associa palavras e objetos concretos para criar compreensĂŁo.
O foco Ă© no uso natural da lĂngua por falantes nativos, em situaçÔes do dia a dia (restaurante, supermercado etc.).
đ§© AnĂĄlise geral
Essas caracterĂsticas sĂŁo marcas centrais do Direct Method (MĂ©todo Direto) — um mĂ©todo que surgiu em oposição ao Grammar-Translation Method e valorizava a fala e a imersĂŁo linguĂstica.
đš ANĂLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:
The development of several methods and approaches with the purpose of teaching/learning English has given rise to much debate and discussion. As to the description put forward, it is compliant with:
đ
❌The Post-Method.
Pegadinha teĂłrica:
O Post-Method (Kumaravadivelu, 1990s) é um movimento que transcende os métodos tradicionais, dando autonomia ao professor.
Aqui, o texto descreve um método clåssico, estruturado, não a flexibilidade pós-método.
đ
✅The Direct Method.
CORRETA.
EvidĂȘncias claras do texto:
đŁ️ Ănfase na oralidade → “language as a means of communication which is predominantly oral.”
đ Abordagem indutiva → “considering language teaching inductive, and not necessarily conscious.”
đ« Evita tradução → “Translation must be avoided.”
đŻ Associação palavra–objeto → tĂpico das aulas com realia (objetos reais e visuais).
đŹ DiĂĄlogos e situaçÔes cotidianas → base do Direct Method (aprendizagem pela interação).
➡️ Todos esses pontos sĂŁo traços definidores do MĂ©todo Direto.
đ
❌The Audiolingual Method.
Pegadinha frequente:
TambĂ©m valoriza oralidade, mas com ĂȘnfase em repetição mecĂąnica e estrutura gramatical (drills), nĂŁo em indução natural.
Usa reforço e hĂĄbito, base behaviorista — o texto nĂŁo cita isso.
đ
❌The Communicative Approach.
Quase correta, mas nĂŁo totalmente:
TambĂ©m busca situaçÔes reais de comunicação, mas valoriza funçÔes comunicativas, fluĂȘncia e interação social.
O texto enfatiza associação concreta e aprendizagem indutiva por vocabulĂĄrio e prĂĄtica oral, o que Ă© anterior e mais tĂpico do Direct Method.
❑ QuestĂŁo 39
Read Tato Laviera’s poem to point out the matter it does NOT emphasized.
Soledad
(Tato Laviera.)
people talk about loneliness
is only sexual companionship
that's soon forgotten
people talk about solitude
beneath its seven layers
nobody can talk about solitude
and soledad
well, there is no english
translation
đ (Available In: https://www.poetryfoundation.org.)
A) Cultural blending.
B) Semantic choices.
C) Spiritual awareness.
D) Experienced dichotomy.
đĄ GABARITO C
đ§©Eesse poema do Tato Laviera, autor porto-riquenho do movimento Nuyorican Poetry, Ă© riquĂssimo em sentido linguĂstico e cultural.
đ§Ÿ Texto-base: “Soledad” – Tato Laviera
people talk about loneliness
is only sexual companionship
that's soon forgotten
people talk about solitude
beneath its seven layers
nobody can talk about solitude
and soledad
well, there is no english
translation
đ§ AnĂĄlise interpretativa
O poema reflete sobre trĂȘs conceitos relacionados, mas distintos:
Loneliness → solidĂŁo fĂsica, ligada Ă ausĂȘncia de companhia (“sexual companionship”).
Solitude → isolamento mais profundo, introspectivo (“beneath its seven layers”).
Soledad → palavra em espanhol sem tradução exata, carregada de identidade cultural e emocional.
đŹ O poeta destaca a intraduzibilidade e a carga cultural de “soledad”, sugerindo que certas emoçÔes sĂŁo Ășnicas de um idioma e de uma experiĂȘncia cultural especĂfica (latina, hispĂąnica, nuyorican).
đš ANĂLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:
Read Tato Laviera’s poem to point out the matter it does NOT emphasized.
Leia o poema de Tato Laviera para assinalar o assunto que ele NĂO enfatizou.
đ
✅Cultural blending.
O poema enfatiza fortemente o aspecto cultural.
O uso de inglĂȘs e espanhol mostra o hibridismo linguĂstico e cultural (code-switching).
O prĂłprio fato de afirmar “there is no English translation” reforça a mistura e fronteira entre culturas.
đ
✅Semantic choices.
Enfatizado.
O texto gira em torno das diferenças de sentido entre loneliness, solitude e soledad.
Ă um poema sobre palavras e seus significados, ou seja, escolhas semĂąnticas.
đ
❌Spiritual awareness.
NĂŁo enfatizado → GABARITO.
Embora solitude possa remeter a reflexĂŁo interior, o poema nĂŁo trata de espiritualidade, fĂ© ou consciĂȘncia transcendental.
O foco Ă© linguĂstico e cultural, nĂŁo espiritual.
đ
✅Experienced dichotomy.
Sim, hĂĄ uma dicotomia de experiĂȘncias — entre o mundo anglĂłfono e o hispĂąnico, entre palavra e sentimento, entre solidĂŁo fĂsica e solidĂŁo emocional.
❑ QuestĂŁo 40
After carrying out the examination of the abilities’ list, as described in the ParĂąmetros Curriculares-PCNs for foreign language
instrucion, choose the corresponding area they belong in.
a) Selecting the register which fits the communication situationand the words that best convey the idea one intends to forward.
b) Employing cohesion and coherence resources in oral and written production.
c) Using verbal and nonverbal strategies to mske up for the flops, enhancing effective communication, and reaching higher
levels in production and Reading.
d) Knowing and applying modern foreign language as a means/tool to access information, other cultures, and social groups.
A) Meaning-making and struture.
B) Sociocultural contextualization.
C) Investigation and comprehension.
D) Representation and communication.
đĄ GABARITO D
đ§©QuestĂŁo 40 estĂĄ baseada diretamente nas habilidades e competĂȘncias descritas nos PCNs de LĂngua Estrangeira Moderna (LEM), e o gabarito D – “Representation and communication” faz total sentido.
Vamos destrinchar o raciocĂnio đ
đ§ AnĂĄlise da questĂŁo
O enunciado pede para identificar a ĂĄrea (ou eixo) a que pertencem as habilidades listadas.
Os ParĂąmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCNs) dividem o ensino de lĂnguas estrangeiras em quatro eixos principais:
Meaning-making and structure → construção de sentido e forma (aspectos linguĂsticos e gramaticais).
Sociocultural contextualization → aspectos culturais, sociais e pragmĂĄticos da lĂngua.
Investigation and comprehension → habilidades de leitura, compreensĂŁo e anĂĄlise crĂtica.
Representation and communication → uso ativo da lĂngua como meio de expressĂŁo, interação e produção de sentido.
đš ANĂLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:
a) ❌“Selecting the register which fits the communication situation and the words that best convey the idea one intends to forward.”
➡️ Trata do uso comunicativo e expressivo da lĂngua, ou seja, representar ideias e adequar o discurso Ă situação comunicativa.
b) ❌“Employing cohesion and coherence resources in oral and written production.”
➡️ Fala sobre organização discursiva, essencial para comunicar com clareza e fluidez — outro traço de representação e comunicação.
c) ❌“Using verbal and nonverbal strategies to make up for the flops, enhancing effective communication, and reaching higher levels in production and reading.”
➡️ Essa habilidade envolve estratĂ©gias comunicativas compensatĂłrias — gestos, parĂĄfrases, reformulaçÔes — tudo para manter a comunicação fluindo, o que Ă© central em representation and communication.
d) ✅“Knowing and applying modern foreign language as a means/tool to access information, other cultures, and social groups.”
➡️ TambĂ©m pertence a esse mesmo eixo, pois a lĂngua Ă© vista como meio de interação social e cultural.




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