A EFOMM tem um padrão MUITO peculiar nas questões de reported speech:
✔ 1) Adora trocar palavras de referência (this/that, here/there, today/that day)
É a pegadinha n°1 das provas deles.
Eles colocam alternativas idênticas, mudando uma preposição ou um adverbial.
✔ 2) Ama confundir backshift x ausência de backshift
Principalmente com:
-
verdades universais
-
hábitos
-
declarações ainda verdadeiras
Eles querem ver se o candidato sabe que nem tudo muda para o passado.
✔ 3) Exploram erros de estrutura do imperativo
Trocando:
-
to + verb
por -
that + past
Clássico da EFOMM.
✔ 4) Criam ciladas com perguntas indiretas
Especialmente invertendo a ordem:
“if was he ready” (errado, mas muita gente cai).
✔ 5) Destruição total com modais que mudam x modais que não mudam
Eles adoram misturar:
-
must (às vezes muda, às vezes não)
-
should (nunca muda)
-
might (não muda)
-
can → could
✔ 6) Trabalham muito lógica de pronomes
Trocar I/me/you/he/her, baseado em contexto, é o CHÃO da prova da EFOMM.
1) Backshift obrigatório em situações passadas
Exemplo:
Direct: “I am tired,” he said yesterday.
Reported: He said he was tired.
Pegadinha EFOMM: candidato mantém am.
2) Backshift NÃO obrigatório quando o fato continua verdadeiro
Direct: “The Earth orbits the Sun,” the professor said.
Reported: The professor said the Earth orbits the Sun.
Pegadinha: induzir o erro → “orbited”.
3) Modais que NÃO mudam
Direct: “You must be careful.”
Reported: He said I must be careful.
Pegadinha: EFOMM troca por “had to”.
4) Modais que SIM mudam
Direct: “You can leave.”
Reported: He said I could leave.
Pegadinha: o candidato mantém “can”.
5) Imperativo → infinitive
Direct: “Open the door!”
Reported: He told me to open the door.
Pegadinha: usar “that I opened”.
6) Negative imperative
Direct: “Don’t touch it!”
Reported: She told me not to touch it.
Pegadinha: “to not touch”.
7) Perguntas com WH
Direct: “Where do you live?”
Reported: He asked where I lived.
Pegadinha: manter o auxiliar “do”.
8) Yes/No questions → if/whether
Direct: “Are you ready?”
Reported: He asked if I was ready.
Pegadinha: “He asked if was I ready”.
9) Pronomes que mudam com lógica
Direct: “I will help you.”
Reported: She said she would help me.
Pegadinha: EFOMM troca pronomes de propósito.
10) This → that / These → those
Direct: “This book is mine.”
Reported: He said that book was his.
Pegadinha: manter “this”.
11) Here → there
Direct: “I work here.”
Reported: He said he worked there.
Pegadinha: manter “here”.
12) Now → then
Direct: “I need help now.”
Reported: He said he needed help then.
Pegadinha: candidato põe “now”.
13) Today → that day
Direct: “I’ll finish it today.”
Reported: He said he would finish it that day.
Pegadinha: usar “today”.
14) Tomorrow → the next day
Direct: “She will leave tomorrow.”
Reported: He said she would leave the next day.
Pegadinha: EFOMM adora testar “the day after”.
15) Contexto que impede backshift (tempo presente na fala)
Direct: He says, “I love my job.”
Reported: He says he loves his job.
Pegadinha: usar “loved”.
16) Reported speech com suggest
Direct: “Let’s go home.”
Reported: He suggested going home.
Pegadinha: EFOMM tenta induzir “suggested to go”.
17) Advise / recommend → object + infinitive ou gerúndio
Direct: “You should rest.”
Reported: He advised me to rest.
Pegadinha: “advised that I rested”.
18) Frases com told exigem objeto
Direct: “Close the window.”
Reported: He told me to close the window.
Pegadinha: “He told to close”.
19) Reported speech com ask + object + infinitive
Direct: “Please help me.”
Reported: She asked me to help her.
Pegadinha: colocar “asked that I helped”.
20) Future in the past
Direct: “I will travel next week.”
Reported: He said he would travel the following week.
Pegadinha: manter “will”.
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