UEMG-2018 - Vestibular - Aplicada em16/09/2018 - Profº Valdenor Sousa - Prova de Inglês com gabarito.

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Neste post, veremos a Prova da UEMG-2018 - Aplicada em 16/09/2018.

[a]Banca/Organizador

UEMG - UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS
[b]Padrão/Composição da prova

👉01 TEXTO e 01 CARTOON
👉05 Questões(múltiplas escolhas com 04 alternativas cada)

🔄Expressões idiomáticas:
➽[stray bullet(bala perdida)="um tiro aleatório"]
🔄Expressões/Vocábulos técnicos:
➽[guns and imprisonment="armas e prisão"]
➽[drug policy approach="abordagem de política de drogas"]
➽[marijuana="maconha"]
➽[the drug trafficking="o tráfico de drogas"]

Agora vamos a PROVA:
Questions 49 through 53:

Brazil must legalise drugs – its existing policy just destroys lives

For decades, guns and imprisonment have been the hallmarks of Brazil's war against the drug trafficking. But the only way to beat the gangs is to stop creating criminals, says a top Brazilian judge.

"The war raging in Rocinha, Latin America's largest favela, has already been lost. Rooted in a dispute between gangs for control of drug trafficking, it has disrupted the daily life of the community in Rio de Janeiro since mid-September. With the sound of shots coming from all sides, schools and shops are constantly forced to close. Recently, a stray bullet killed a Spanish tourist. The war is not the only thing being lost.

For decades, Brazil has had the same drug policy approach. Police, weapons and numerous arrests. It does not take an expert to conclude the obvious: the strategy has failed. Drug trafficking and consumption have only increased. […]

In a case still before the Brazilian supreme court, I voted for decriminalising the possession of marijuana for private consumption. […]

Drugs are an issue that has a profound impact on the criminal justice system, and it is legitimate for the supreme court to participate in the public debate. So here are the reasons for my views.

First, drugs are bad and it is therefore the role of the state and society to discourage consumption, treat dependents and repress trafficking. The rationale behind legalisation is rooted in the belief that it will help in achieving these goals.

Second, the war on drugs has failed. Since the 1970s, under the influence and leadership of the US, the world has tackled this problem with the use of police forces, armies, and armaments. The tragic reality is that 40 years, billions of dollars, hundreds of thousands of prisoners and thousands of deaths later, things are worse. At least in countries like Brazil.

Third, as the American economist Milton Friedman argued, the only result of criminalisation is ensuring the trafficker’s monopoly.

With these points in mind, what would legalisation achieve?

In most countries in North America and Europe, the greatest concern of the authorities is users and the impact drugs have on their lives and on society. These are all important considerations. In Brazil, however, the principal focus must be ending the dominance drug dealers exercise over poor communities. Gangs have become the main political and economic power in thousands of modest neighbourhoods in Brazil. This scenario prevents a family of honest and hard-working people from educating their children away from the influence of criminal factions, who intimidate, co-opt and exercise an unfair advantage over any lawful activity. Crucially, this power of trafficking comes from illegality.

Another benefit of legalisation would be to prevent the mass incarceration of impoverished young people with no criminal record who are arrested for trafficking because they are caught in possession of negligible amounts of marijuana. A third of detainees in Brazil are imprisoned for drug trafficking. Once arrested, young prisoners will have to join one of the factions that control the penitentiaries – and on that day, they become dangerous.

[…]

We cannot be certain that a progressive and cautious policy of decriminalisation and legalisation will be successful. What we can affirm is that the existing policy of criminalisation has failed. We must take chances; otherwise, we risk simply accepting a terrible situation. As the Brazilian navigator Amyr Klink said: “The worst shipwreck is not setting off at all.”

Disponível em: <https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2017/nov/15/brazil-must-legalise-drugs-existing-policy-destroys-lives-luis-roberto-barroso-supreme-court-judge>. Acesso em: 14 nov. 2017.

👉    Questão   49 
The text expresses the opinion of a top Brazilian judge about drugs. Mark the correct answer concerning the subject matter discussed throughout the essay.
(A) The judge believes that the only way to win the war against the drug trafficking is by killing the criminals.
(B) The judge believes that the legalization of drugs can be a way of dealing with the problem of drug trafficking.
(C) The judge believes that the decriminalisation of drugs is not a way of dealing with the drug problem.
(D) The judge believes that fighting drug trafficking with police and weapons is effective.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
O texto expressa a opinião de um alto juiz brasileiro sobre drogas. Marque a resposta correta sobre o assunto discutido ao longo do ensaio.
*Item (A) incorreto: O juiz acredita que a única maneira de vencer a guerra contra o tráfico de drogas é matar os criminosos.
*Item (B) CORRETO: O juiz acredita que a legalização das drogas pode ser uma maneira de lidar com o problema do tráfico de drogas.
*Item (C) incorreto: O juiz acredita que a descriminalização das drogas não é uma maneira de lidar com o problema das drogas.
*Item (D) incorreto: O juiz acredita que o combate ao tráfico de drogas com a polícia e armas é eficaz.
👉    Questão   50 
Taking into account the excerpt: “Brazil must legalise drugs”, mark the option which best describes the word “must” in the aforementioned context.
(A) “Must” is a phrasal verb which expresses obligation and order.
(B) “Must” is a phrasal verb which expresses ability or politeness.
(C) “Must” is a modal verb which indicates inevitability or certainty.
(D) “Must” is a modal verb which indicates conditionality or expectation.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
Levando em conta o trecho: “O Brasil deve legalizar as drogas”, marque a opção que melhor descreve a palavra MUST no contexto supracitado.
*Item (A) incorreto: "Must" é um verbo frasal que expressa a obrigação e a ordem.
*Item (B) incorreto: "Must" é um verbo frasal que expressa capacidade ou polidez.
*Item (C) CORRETO: "Must" é um verbo modal que indica inevitabilidade ou certeza.
*Item (D) incorreto: “Must” é um verbo modal que indica condicionalidade ou expectativa.
👉    Questão   51 
Considering the excerpt "[...] it has disrupted the daily life of the community […]", and the context it was taken from, mark the correct option regarding the pronoun "it".
(A) “It” is a subject pronoun and refers back to “Rocinha”.
(B) “It” is a possessive pronoun and refers back to “Rocinha”.
(C) “It” is a personal pronoun and refers back to “the war”.
(D) “It” is an objective pronoun and refers back to “the war”.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
Considerando o trecho "[...] ELA atrapalhou o cotidiano da comunidade [...]", e o contexto do qual foi tirado, marca a opção correta em relação ao pronome "it"
*Item (A) incorreto: IT é um pronome sujeito e se refere à “Rocinha”.
*Item (B) incorreto: IT é um pronome possessivo e se refere à “Rocinha”
*Item (C) CORRETO: IT é um pronome pessoal e se refere à "guerra"
*Item (D) incorreto: IT é um pronome objetivo e se refere à "guerra"
👉    Questão   52 
Consider the following excerpt: "Since the 1970s, under the influence and leadership of the US, the world has tackled this problem with the use of police forces, armies, and armaments." Mark the option which best describes the use of some words in the excerpt.
(A) There are 9 nouns, 1 adjective, and 5 articles.
(B) There are 8 nouns and 2 verbs, but no adjectives.
(C) There are 5 articles, 3 adjectives, and 1 verb, but no adverbs.
(D) There are 4 prepositions, 2 conjunctions, and 1 pronoun.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
Considere o seguinte trecho:
"Since the 1970s, under the influence and leadership of the US, the world has tackled this problem with the use of police forces, armies, and armaments." (Desde os anos 1970, sob a influência e liderança dos EUA, o mundo enfrentou esse problema com o uso de forças policiais, exércitos e armamentos.)
Marque a opção que melhor descreve o uso de algumas palavras no trecho.
*Item (A) incorreto: Existem 9 substantivos, 1 adjetivo e 5 artigos. 
*Item (B) incorreto: Existem 8 substantivos e 2 verbos, mas sem adjetivos.
*Item (C) incorreto: Existem 5 artigos, 3 adjetivos e 1 verbo, mas nenhum advérbio.
*Item (D) incorreto: Existem 4 preposições, 2 conjunções e 1 pronome.
👉    Questão   53 
In the excerpt "Recently, a stray bullet killed a Spanish tourist", the expression "stray bullet" is
(A) Formed by nouns and it means "a decisive shot".
(B) Formed by an adjective and a noun and it means "a random shot".
(C) Formed by an adverb and a noun and it means "a sharp shot".
(D) Formed by a verb and a noun and it means "a lost shot".
👍 Gabarito  B 

👉    Questão   54 
Taking into account the following image and the comment made by the husband, what will probably be Loretta’s gift this Christmas?

(A) She’ll probably get a set of wine glasses.
(B) She’ll probably get a fancy vase.
(C) She’ll probably exchange cards with her husband.
(D) She’ll probably exchange a quick look with her husband.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
Levando em conta a seguinte imagem e o comentário feito pelo marido, qual será provavelmente o presente de Loretta neste Natal?
*Item (A) incorreto: Ela provavelmente vai ganhar um conjunto de taças de vinho.
*Item (B) incorreto: Ela provavelmente vai ganhar  um vaso de enfeite.
*Item (C) incorreto: Ela provavelmente trocará cartões com o marido.
*Item (D) CORRETO: Ela provavelmente trocará uma olhada rápida com o marido.