THE SEASONS OF THE YEAR - Pronunciation.

Hello...Guys!!!...How've you been?!
Neste post,veremos as frases envolvendo as estações do ano "THE SEASONS OF YEAR".

1. A pronúncia lenta de "THE SEASONS OF YEAR" é [dâ-sízans-óv-íôrs].
2. A pronúncia rápida de "THE SEASONS OF YEAR" é [dâ'sízans-óv'íôrs].
3. "THE SEASONS OF YEAR"[dâ'sízans-óv'íôrs] significa "AS ESTAÇÕES DO ANO".
4. "SPRING"[sprêng]:"PRIMAVERA".
5. "SUMMER"[sômôr]:"VERÃO".
6. "WINTER"[uênthôr]:"INVERNO".
7. "FALL"[fól]:"OUTUNO".
8. REMEMBER!
9. Observar a pronúncia de "WINTER"[uênthôr] que pode ser também [uênôr], onde o "T" fica muda após a letra "N".
10. Veja os exemplos em diferentes contextos a abaixo:
11. "A could winter morning."[aKôud-uênôr'mórnên]: "Uma manhã fria de inverno."
12. Detalhe:A pronúncia escrita neste blog é uma tentativa de representar a som das palavras de uma maneira mais aproximada do inglês. Isto é feito apenas para ajudar você a entender e tentar pronunciar a palavra de uma maneira mais “correta” levando em consideração que os sons das letras em inglês são bem diferentes dos sons das letras em português. Lembre-se de que é impossível representar fidedignamente a fonética por meio de palavras.
13. Sugiro também, para complementar a explicação, consultar os excelentes dicionários na internet:
14. http://dictionary.reference.com/
15. http://www.merriam-webster.com/

When did you ...? - Question words,American Pronunciation.

Hello...Guys!!!...How have you been?!
[rrélou'gáis-rráu-rréviubên]
"Olá pessoal...Tudo bem?"
Neste post,veremos a estrutura "WHEN DID YOU", observando o sentido e sobretudo ,observando a pronúncia no estilo natural americano.

1. A pronúncia lenta de "WHEN DID YOU" é [uen-Dêd-iú].
2. A pronúncia FLUENTE(rápida) de "WHEN DID YOU" é:
3. [uênDju].
4. Veja exemplos com "WHEN DID YOU? [uênDju]:
5. 👦"When did you get it?"
6. [uênDju-Guérê]
7. "Quando você conseguiu isso?"
8. 👱"When did you get here?"
9. [uênDju-GuéRRiôr]
10. "Quando você chegou aqui?"
11. 👴"When did you know that nothing was right?"
12. [uênDjuNôu-déNáfên-uôzRái]
13. "Quando você sabia que nada estava certo?" 
14. Sugiro também, para complementar a explicação, consultar os excelentes dicionários na internet:
15. http://dictionary.reference.com/
16. http://www.merriam-webster.com/

Her - Sentenças,American Pronunciation.

Hey,what's up guys!!!...How have you been?!...Is everyone Okay? 
[RRêi-uátsápGáis-rráu'rrêvíuBên-Êzévríuã'Nôukêi]
"Ei..e aí Pessoal!...Como estão?!...Tudo bem?"
👍Neste post, veremos SENTENÇAS.
👉Focaremos o pronome "HER".

1. 👉[rrô],pronúncia de CHEIA de "HER".
2. 👉[ôr],pronúncia de REDUZIDA de "HER".
3. 👉"HER" pode ser:
4. "DELA"
5. "A ELA"
6. "LHE".
7. 👉SENTENÇAS com "HER"
8. 👩"Tell her I'm busy!"
9. [Télôr-áimBizí]
10. "Diga-lhe que estou ocupado!"
11. 👱"I invited her but her mother say no!"
12. [áiênVáirô-bárôrMâdôr-sêiNôu]
13. "Eu a convidei,mas a mãe dela disse não!"
14. 👉[ênVáirô],pronúncia de "INVITED HER".
15. 👉[bârô],pronúncia de "BUT HER".
16. 👨"A Nobel Peace Prize for her."
17. [aNôuBélPísPráiz-fôrrô]
18. "Um prêmio de Nobel da Paz para ela."
19. 👴"Her weight is 60 kilos." 
20. [rrôuêi-êz-SêksTíKílôuz]
21. "O peso dela é 60 quilos." 
22. 👉[uêi],pronúncia de "WEIGHT". 
23. Sugiro também, para complementar a explicação, consultar os excelentes dicionários na internet:
24. http://dictionary.reference.com/
25. http://www.merriam-webster.com/

BUT - Meaning,Pronunciation.

Hello you Guys!!!...How have you been?!...Is everyone Okay? 
[rrélou'gáis-rráu-rréviubên-êzéVríuã-Nôukêi]
"Olá vocês ... Como estão?!...Está tudo bem?"
Neste post,veremos estruturas com a palavra "BUT".

• 👦"but the politicians haven't done anything..."
• 👦"but why not way...?" 

1. A pronúncia soletrada(isolada) de "BUT" é [Báthi].
2. A pronúncia rápida de "BUT" é [Bá].
3. Na linguagem falada pode acontecer 02 coisas com o som do "T":
4. Poderá ficar MUDO ou PAUSATIVO ou 
5. Poderá ficar com o som do "R" de arara,veja o exemplo "But why not wait?", neste caso a pronúncia poderá ser:
6. [bátuái-nátuêi]
7. [baruái-náruêi]
8. "BUT"[Bâ] pode ser:
9. "MAS=PORÉM" ou
10. "EXCETO"  
11. Vejamos exemplos "BUT"[Bâ] com sentido de "MAS=PORÉM". 
12. "It's been detective for a long time,many years,but the politicians haven't done anything about it!" [êtsBên'dithékthêv'-fôra'lõTháim-bâtdê'Pólê'Thíxãns-RRêvendan'Ênifên'âbâurê]:"Tem sido defeituoso por um longo tempo, muitos anos, mas os políticos não fizeram nada sobre isso!"
13. 👍"DETECTED FOR" é [dithéktd'fôr]
14. 👍"BUT THE" é [bâtdê]
15. "But why not way and let her get her things out?"[baruái'náruêi-en'Lérô'Guérô-fênZáu]:"Mas por que não espera e a deixa tirar as coisas?"
16. 👉"LET HER" é [Lérô]
17. 👉"GET HER" é [Guérô]
18. 👉"THINGS OUT" é [fênZáu]
19. "I don't know it but let me think!"[áirõNôu'ê-bá'Lemi'Fênk]:"Não sei ... mas deixe-me pensar!"
20. "I've never thought about that but let me think!"[áv'Névô'Fót'aBáuDé-bá'Lemi'Fênk]:"Nunca pensei sobre isso ... mas deixe-me pensar!"
21. "I don't know him but I'm not afraid!"[áirõNôu'RRêm-baráim-Náira'Frêi]:"Não o conheço ... mas não estou com medo!"
22. "You're sexy but is crazy!"[íuó'Séksi-Bárez'krêizi]:"Você é sensual porém é doida(o)!".
23. "Maybe it's true but I'm crazy 'bout you."[Mêibi'êts'Tru-baRáim'Báuthíu]:"Talvez seja verdade porém sou louco(a) por você."
24. "Poor but happy!"[pú-bá'RRépi]:"Pobre porém feliz!".
25. "Simple but important."[SémPôu-BáremPôrnen]: "Simples mas importante!"
26. "But why?"[Bátuái][Báruái]:"Mas por que?"
27. "But not this one!"[BátNátDês'uãn]:"Mas não este!"
28. "But not this kind of nail!"[BátNátDês'Káinof-Nél]:"Mas não este tipo de unha!"
29. Vejamos exemplos "BUT"[Bá] com sentido de "EXCETO":
30. "You can come any day but Sunday."[íuken'kãmi-ÊniDêi-BátSãndêi]: "Você pode vir qualquer dia exceto domingo." 
31. "Everyone but him."[Évriuã-BáRêm]: "Qualquer um,menos ele."
32. "Everyone but her."[Évriuã-BáRôr]: "Qualquer um,menos ela."
33. Detalhe:A pronúncia escrita neste blog é uma tentativa de representar a som das palavras de uma maneira mais aproximada do inglês. Isto é feito apenas para ajudar você a entender e tentar pronunciar a palavra de uma maneira mais “correta” levando em consideração que os sons das letras em inglês são bem diferentes dos sons das letras em português. Lembre-se de que é impossível representar fidedignamente a fonética por meio de palavras.
34. Sugiro também, para complementar a explicação, consultar os excelentes dicionários na internet:
35. http://dictionary.reference.com/
36. http://www.merriam-webster.com/

AT - pronúncia

Neste post,veremos "How do you pronounce this word?":"AT"(Áthí).

1. A pronúncia de "AT THE" é (éta).
2. "At the goal"(étaGôu):"No gol".
3. "At the bank"(étabénk):"No banco".
4. "At school."(étskuó):"No banco".
5. A pronúncia de "AT A" é (éra).
6. "At a church."(éraTchôTchi):"Na igreja".

Veja a seguir os exemplos para uma melhor assimilação do assunto.
Vamos lá então, boa sorte e um abraço a todos!
Ex.1:"He shot at the goal."

1. Pron.:(rríSShóti-éTaGôu)
2. Trad.:"Ele chutou no gol."

Ex.2:"He`s at the bank."

1. Pron.:(rrízéta-Bénki)
2. Trad.:"Ele está no banco."

Ex.3:"The music is being played at a church."

1. Pron.:(DêMíuziki-ízBién-plêidéra-tchôtchi)
2. Trad.:"A música está sendo tocada em uma igreja!"

Ex.4:"Home at last."

1. Pron.:(RRôumi-ériLésti)
2. Trad.:"Em casa,finalmente!"

FGV 2006 – LÍNGUA INGLESA – ECONOMIA EESP 1º SEMESTRE

www.inglesparaconcursos.blog.br

❑  PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:

•  FGV/VESTIBULAR-2006.1-PROCESSO SELETIVO-1º SEMESTRE-GRADUAÇÃO EM ECONOMIA-SP.

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

https://vestibular.fgv.br

• 15 MCQs (Multiple Choice Question) / 5 Options Each Question.
• Texto (1) – | BRAZIL’S ECONOMY EXPANDS MORE THAN EXPECTED | www.businessweek.com |
• Texto (2) – | BUREAUCRACY BOGS DOWN BRAZIL IN RACE FOR GROWTH | http://today.reuters.com |

PROVA, TRADUÇÃO, GABARITO & MUITO VOCABULÁRIO

❑ PROVA:

As questões de números 76 a 81 referem-se ao Texto 1.

TEXTO 1

BRAZIL’S ECONOMY EXPANDS MORE THAN EXPECTED

1
SAO PAULO, Brazil – Brazil’s economy expanded more than expected in the second quarter despite sky-high interest rates imposed by the central bank in a bid to keep inflation in check, the government said Wednesday.
2.
Gross domestic product in South America’s largest economy grew at a rate of 3.9 percent from April through June compared with the same period a year ago, according to the Brazilian Census Bureau. Analysts surveyed by Dow Jones Newswires had predicted a rate of 3.3 percent.
3.
The news helped push stocks up 0.2 percent on Brazil’s benchmark Bovespa exchange in Wednesday morning trading. The country’s currency, the real, rose 0.4 percent against the U.S. dollar. The GDP result could prompt analysts to raise their outlook for Brazil’s overall 2005 growth. Estimates currently range from 2.8 percent to 3.5 percent.
4.
The second quarter result showed that companies are increasing their investments in machinery and equipment even though the benchmark Selic lending rate stands at a towering 19.75 percent. But the rate, one of the highest in the world, has helped bring annual inflation down to an estimated 5.3 percent for 2005, close to the government’s target of 5.1 percent. The census bureau also revised first quarter growth down, to 2.8 percent from the previously reported 2.9 percent compared to the same period in 2004.
(AP) August 31, 2005
(http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews.

👉 Questão  76 :
According to Dow Jones Newswires, Brazil’s economy a) reached the forecasted rate of 3.3 percent.
b) would exceed the expected rate in the first term of 2005.
c) has been showing a stable behavior since April 2004.
d) should reach a 3.3 percent growth rate in the second quarter of 2005.
e) was quite surprising in the second semester of 2005.
_____________________________________________________________________________
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
➦No texto:
"[...] Analysts surveyed by Dow Jones Newswires had predicted a rate of 3.3 percent."
• to survey = pesquisar
• to predict = prever
_____________________________________________________________________________
👉 Questão  77 :
The Brazilian Central Bank
a) keeps very high interest rates in order to control inflation.
b) should lower interest rates because inflation has already been controlled.
c) believes that a 3.3 percent interest would slow down GDP growth.
d) lowered GDP from 3.9 to 3.3 to keep Brazilian currency undervalued.
e) has been acting unexpectedly towards sky-high Selic lending rate.
_____________________________________________________________________________
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
➦No texto:
"[...] despite sky-high interest rates imposed by the central bank in a bid to keep inflation in check,"
• interest rates = taxas de juros
• bid = tentativa
_____________________________________________________________________________
👉 Questão  78 :
The GDP growth in the second quarter
a) made estimates rise from 2.8 to 3.5 percent.
b) lowered stocks 0.2 percent on the same day news came up.
c) showed a contradictory analysis between Dow Jones and Bovespa expectations.
d) will increase to 5.3 the growth rate in the following quarter.
e) prompted the real rise against the US dollar.
_____________________________________________________________________________

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  E 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
➦No texto:
"[...] The country’s currency, the real, rose 0.4 percent against the U.S. dollar.”
• to rise = aumentar
_____________________________________________________________________________
👉 Questão  79 :
The 19.75 percent Selic lending rate
a) stimulated companies to invest in the stock market.
b) is one of the highest in the world.
c) will make the government revise the inflation target to 2.8 percent.
d) increased machinery and equipment imports.
e) is controlled by the Brazilian Census Bureau.
_____________________________________________________________________________
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
➦No texto:
"[...] But the rate, one of the highest in the world,...”
• rate = taxa
_____________________________________________________________________________
👉 Questão  80 :
In the sentence of the 4th paragraph – The second quarter result showed that companies are increasing their investments in machinery and equipment even though the benchmark Selic lending rate stands at a towering 19.75 percent – the expression even though introduces
a) a cause.
b) a result.
c) a contrast.
d) an alternative.
e) a comparison.
_____________________________________________________________________________
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
➦No texto:
"[...]O resultado do segundo trimestre mostrou que as companhias estão aumentando seus investimentos em maquinários e equipamentos, ainda que a referência da taxa de empréstimos Selic esteja a um patamar elevado de 19.75 por cento.” – a expressão ainda que introduz a idéia de contraste.
_____________________________________________________________________________
👉 Questão  81 :
In the second quarter, the GDP growth rate exceeded the expected one and reached
a) 3.9
b) 3.5
c) 3.3
d) 2.9
e) 2.8
_____________________________________________________________________________
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
➦No texto:
"[...] Brazil’s economy expanded more than expected in the second quarter...” “Gross domestic product in South America’s largest economy grew at a rate of 3.9 percent from April through June compared with the same period a year ago, according to the Brazilian Census Bureau. Analysts surveyed by Dow Jones Newswires had predicted a rate of 3.3 percent."

As questões de números 82 a 90 referem-se ao Texto 2.

TEXTO 2

BUREAUCRACY BOGS DOWN BRAZIL IN RACE FOR GROWTH

Thu Sep 1, 2005

By Todd Benson

1.
RIO DE JANEIRO, Brazil (Reuters) – Brazil is closing the gap in the global race for growth and investment, but it still must tackle a series of politically sensitive economic reforms to be considered in the same league as China and India, analysts and business leaders say.
2.
A decade ago, Brazil was a rising star among emerging markets, poised to assert itself as a world economic powerhouse. But since 1994, Brazil has dropped to 14th place from eighth among the world’s largest economies in dollar terms, losing ground to countries like China, India and Russia.
3.
What went wrong? While Brazil has made significant strides in recent years in stabilizing its economy by defeating hyperinflation and controlling spending, it has struggled to push through a series of so-called microeconomic reforms that would create a more business-friendly environment and attract the investment needed to attain higher growth rates, according to economists and corporate leaders at a conference in Rio de Janeiro over Wednesday and Thursday.
4.
“On the macroeconomic side, we’ve done our homework,” said Mario Marconini, a senior adviser to the Sao Paulo State Federation of Industries, an influential business lobby. “But we would probably get two to three times as much investment if we focused more on the microeconomic reforms that are needed.”

RED TAPE THICKET

5.
One way Brazil could attract more investment would be to simplify the thicket of red tape that entrepreneurs must hack through to set up shop in South America’s largest economy. According to one World Bank study, it takes on average 152 days in Brazil to license a new business. By contrast, in Chile it takes 27 days, and just five in the United States.
6.
Other obstacles to more robust economic growth include the country’s snail-paced justice system and its rigid labor code, which dates back to 1943 and was inspired by fascist Italy. Though the cost of labor in Brazil is relatively low, benefits mandated by the labor code mean workers end up costing as much as their counterparts in some parts of Europe.
7.
Brazil’s bureaucracy means that many entrepreneurs who try to open a business legally often give up. Instead, most simply operate off the books, generating an underground economy that is thought to be nearly half the size of the official output.
8.
A bigger problem hamstringing Brazil’s long-term  growth prospects is education. Though the government has invested heavily in primary education over the last decade, Brazil still has a relatively small pool of skilled workers, putting it at a disadvantage with emerging-market rivals like China and India. “Education is our weakest link, no doubt,” said Jose Carlos Grubisich, chief executive of petrochemical giant Braskem.

• (http://today.reuters.com/business/newsarticle.aspx. Adaptado)

_____________________________________________________________________________
👉 Questão  82 :
According to the text, one of the problems Brazil faces is
a) high growth rates.
b) a wide gap in global investment.
c) that it is a rising star among emerging markets.
d) that it is the 8th world’s economy in dollar terms.
e) the lack of a business-friendly environment.
_____________________________________________________________________________
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  E 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
➦No texto:
"[...] it has struggled to push through a series of so-called microeconomic reforms that would create a more business-friendly environment"
• to struggle = esforçar-se
• to push through = aprovar
_____________________________________________________________________________
👉 Questão  83 : 
Brazil made significant improvement to stabilize its economy due to
a) hyperinflation control.
b) successful microeconomic reforms.
c) macroeconomic mismanagement.
d) politically sensitive measures.
e) a series of influential business lobbies.
_____________________________________________________________________________
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
➦No texto:
"[...] While Brazil has made significant strides in recent years in stabilizing its economy by defeating hyperinflation and controlling spending."
_____________________________________________________________________________
👉 Questão  84 :
In order to increase investment, Brazil should
a) increase the cost of labor as well as the benefits mandated by the labor code.
b) protect the entrepreneurs that operate off the books.
c) enforce justice as it is but modernize the outdated labor code.
d) diminish unnecessary bureaucracy that slows down the legal process to open a business.
e) punish entrepreneurs who operate the underground economy.
_____________________________________________________________________________
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
➦No texto:
"[...] One way Brazil could attract more investment would be to simplify the thicket of red tape that entrepreneurs must hack through to set up shop in South America’s largest economy."
• red tape = burocracia
• to hack through = abrir caminho
_____________________________________________________________________________
👉 Questão  85 :
Education is a major problem that slows down Brazil’s growth prospects because
a) China and India have an even worse educational problem.
b) there is a small number of specialized workers.
c) a major investment in primary education is under way.
d) Russia has invested in technical education.
e) emerging-market rivals have a larger population than Brazil.
_____________________________________________________________________________
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
➦No texto:
"[...] A bigger problem hamstringing Brazil’s long-term growth prospects is education. Though the government has invested heavily in primary education over the last decade, Brazil still has a relatively small pool of skilled workers,"
• to hamstring = dificultar
_____________________________________________________________________________
👉 Questão  86 :
The part of the 5th paragraph of the text – According to one World Bank study, it takes on average 152 days in Brazil to license a new business. By contrast, in Chile it takes 27 days, and just five in the United States.
a) is an example of bureaucracy in Brazil.
b) argues against Brazil’s snail-paced justice.
c) praises the labor code in Chile and the United States.
d) demonstrates that Brazil is doing better than Chile.
e) shows that education is not such a big problem.
_____________________________________________________________________________
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
➦No texto:
"[...] De acordo com um estudo do Banco Mundial, no Brasil demora-se em média 152 dias para abrir um novo negócio. Em contraste, no Chile são necessários 27 dias e apenas cinco nos Estados Unidos.
_____________________________________________________________________________
👉 Questão  87 :
In the sentence of the 3rd paragraph – While Brazil has made significant strides in recent years in stabilizing its economy by defeating hyperinflation and controlling spending, it has struggled… – the word While can be substituted, without changing the meaning, for
a) when.
b) however.
c) therefore.
d) through.
e) though.
_____________________________________________________________________________
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  E 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
➦No texto:
"[...] Enquanto o Brasil tem dado passos significativos em anos recentes para estabilizar sua economia derrotando sua hiperinflação e controlando gastos, tem lutado...”, a palavra while pode ser substituída, sem mudar o sentido, para though (= enquanto, embora).
_____________________________________________________________________________
👉 Questão  88 :
In the sentence of the 2nd paragraph – … losing ground to countries like China, India and Russia. – the word like introduces
a) a preference.
b) an example.
c) a possibility.
d) a sequence of events.
e) an evaluation.
_____________________________________________________________________________
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
➦No texto:
"[...] But since 1994, Brazil has dropped to 14th place from eighth among the world’s largest economies in dollar terms, losing ground to countries like China, India and Russia."
• to drop = cair
_____________________________________________________________________________
👉 Questão  89 :
In the sentence of the 6th paragraph – Though the cost of labor in Brazil is relatively low, benefits mandated by the labor code mean workers end up costing as much as their counterparts in some parts of Europe. – the word their refers to
a) benefits.
b) cost of labor in Brazil.
c) counterparts in Russia.
d) workers in Brazil.
e) counterparts in some parts of Europe.
_____________________________________________________________________________
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
➦No texto:
"[...] Embora o custo do trabalho seja relativamente baixo, benefícios exigidos pelo código do trabalhador acabam custando tanto quanto o de seus similares da Europa"
* THEIR refere-se aos trabalhadores no Brasil.
_____________________________________________________________________________
👉 Questão  90 :
Among the emerging markets, Brazil is compared to a) Chile and the United States.
b) China and Chile.
c) China and India.
d) parts of Europe and Russia.
e) South American economies.
_____________________________________________________________________________
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
➦No texto:
"[...] Brazil still has a relatively small pool of skilled workers, putting it at a disadvantage with emergingmarket rivals like China and India."
• pool = grupo
• skilled workers = trabalhadores qualificados