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- Texto 1 – | The Oscars’ new diversity rules are all well and good, but will they make any difference? | www.theguardian.com |
- Texto 2 – | The Oscars’ new diversity rules are sweeping but safe | www.nytimes.com |
- 10 Multiple Choice Questions | Four-Option Question |
❑ TEXTO 1: Responder às questões de 1 a 8
com base no texto 1.
The Oscars’ new diversity rules are all well and good, but will they make any difference?
As novas regras de diversidade dos Óscares são muito boas, mas farão alguma diferença?
- Steve Rose - 9 Sep 2020
[1º PARÁGRAFO]
The Academy has made a set of rules for best picture nominees that almost every film already meets.
A Academia criou um conjunto de regras para os nomeados para melhor filme que quase todos os filmes já cumprem.
So will they lead to any actual change?
Será que levarão a alguma mudança real?
Under the new regulations, which will come into effect for the 2025 Oscars, entries for best picture must satisfy two of four criteria to be eligible.
De acordo com as novas regras, que entrarão em vigor para os Óscares de 2025, as candidaturas para melhor filme devem cumprir dois de quatro critérios para serem elegíveis.
The headline criterion is onscreen representation:
O principal critério é a representatividade no ecrã:
at least one lead character in the movie must be from “an underrepresented racial or ethnic group”;
pelo menos uma personagem principal do filme deve ser de "um grupo racial ou étnico sub-representado";
at least 30% of the general ensemble cast must be from at least two underrepresented groups (women, racial, ethnic, LGBTQ+, or people with disabilities);
pelo menos 30% do elenco geral deve ser de pelo menos dois grupos sub-representados (mulheres, raça, etnia, LGBTQ+ ou pessoas com deficiência);
or the movie’s subject must concern one of those groups.
ou o tema do filme deve ser referente a um destes grupos.
[2º PARÁGRAFO]
Como era de esperar, a reação negativa já começou.
The Academy’s announcement was greeted on its own website by comments including: “You ruined the Oscars.
O anúncio da Academia foi recebido no seu próprio site com comentários como: "Vocês arruinaram os Óscares.
It’s no longer about a cinema as a genre of art.
Já não se trata de cinema como gênero de arte.
Now it’s totally about politics,” and “forced rules on diversity lower quality of the product”.
Agora é tudo uma questão de política" e "regras forçadas sobre a diversidade reduzem a qualidade do produto".
[3º PARÁGRAFO]
The real question, though, is whether these criteria will really change anything at all.
A verdadeira questão, porém, é se estes critérios irão realmente mudar alguma coisa.
Especially when you look at the other inclusion categories.
Principalmente quando se consideram as outras categorias de inclusão.
On-screen representation is one of the four categories: “standard A”. The others call for similar representation behind the camera: in key crew members and department heads (standard B), in studios and distributors’ apprenticeship schemes (C), and for representation in marketing, publicity and distribution (D).
A representatividade no ecrã é uma das quatro categorias: "padrão A". As outras exigem uma representação semelhante atrás das câmaras: em membros-chave da equipa e chefes de departamento (padrão B), em programas de aprendizagem de estúdios e distribuidoras (C) e em marketing, publicidade e distribuição (D).
[5º PARÁGRAFO]
__________. Standard B, for example, covers 14 key positions. Some of those are still white and maledominated, such as director and cinematographer; others are already mostly done by women.
__________. O Padrão B, por exemplo, abrange 14 cargos-chave. Alguns deles ainda são brancos e dominados por homens, como realizador e diretor de fotografia; outros já são maioritariamente ocupados por mulheres.
According to Women in Hollywood’s statistics for movies released in 2018, a total of 84% of costume designers were women, as were 83% of casting directors, 78% of hair department heads and 76% of makeup department heads.
De acordo com as estatísticas da Women in Hollywood para filmes estreados em 2018, um total de 84% dos figurinistas eram mulheres, assim como 83% dos diretores de casting, 78% dos chefes de departamento de cabelo e 76% dos chefes de departamento de maquilhagem.
[6º PARÁGRAFO]
The overwhelming majority in each case were white women.
A esmagadora maioria em cada caso eram mulheres brancas.
So to tick box B, most movies would not have to change a thing.
Portanto, para preencher a caixa B, a maioria dos filmes não precisaria de alterar nada.
Categories C and D are not necessarily difficult to satisfy either: most major studios and films do already.
As categorias C e D também não são necessariamente difíceis de satisfazer: a maioria dos grandes estúdios e filmes já o fazem.
So as long as you tick two of the other boxes, you could still theoretically _______ an all-white, all-male remake of Birth of a Nation and certify.
Portanto, desde que preencha duas das outras caixas, ainda poderia teoricamente _______ um remake totalmente branco e masculino de O Nascimento de uma Nação e certificar-se.
Which would at least _______ some of the culture warriors.
O que pelo menos _______ alguns dos guerreiros culturais.
[7º PARÁGRAFO]
The new inclusion standards were partly inspired _______ a similar initiative launched by the British Film Institute in 2014, which demanded that films meet certain diversity standards _______ race and gender inclusion to get BFI funding.
Os novos padrões de inclusão foram parcialmente inspirados por uma iniciativa semelhante lançada pelo British Film Institute em 2014, que exigia que os filmes cumprissem determinados padrões de diversidade, incluindo raça e gênero, para obter financiamento do BFI.
A report on the results _______ the initiative, however, found that little progress had been made _______ discrimination against black, Asian and minority ethnic professionals, before or behind the camera.
Um relatório sobre os resultados da iniciativa, no entanto, constatou que poucos progressos tinham sido feitos na discriminação de profissionais negros, asiáticos e de minorias étnicas, diante ou atrás das câmaras.
[8º PARÁGRAFO]
Far from suggesting the BFI’s initiative was a failure, these findings prove how much they are needed.
Longe de sugerirem que a iniciativa do BFI foi um fracasso, estas descobertas comprovam o quanto são necessárias.
They are evidence that those structural inequalities exist, and that they are resistant to change.
São evidências de que estas desigualdades estruturais existem e são resistentes à mudança.
The word “underrepresented” is often glossed over as a meaningless descriptor when in fact it is a literal and accurate one.
A palavra "sub-representado" é frequentemente subestimada como um termo sem sentido, quando, na verdade, é literal e precisa.
1 – The first sentence of paragraph 4 was taken out.
Choose the right sentence below to fill in that blank.
A) Hollywood is no stranger to vanity, after all.
B) These are easy hoops for most modern movies to jump through.
C) The Academy is gently wheeling out the old white guys and welcoming in some diverse new blood.
D) If movies like these can succeed without the inclusion standards, the new rules might not be needed.
• Gabarito B
The first sentence of paragraph 4 was taken out.
A primeira frase do parágrafo 4 foi retirada.
Choose the right sentence below to fill in that blank.
Escolha a frase correta abaixo para preencher a lacuna.
A) Hollywood is no stranger to vanity, after all.
Hollywood não é, afinal, uma estranha à vaidade.
B) These are easy hoops for most modern movies to jump through.
Estes são obstáculos fáceis para a maioria dos filmes modernos ultrapassarem.
C) The Academy is gently wheeling out the old white guys and welcoming in some diverse new blood.
A Academia está gentilmente a dispensar os velhos brancos e a acolher sangue novo e diverso.
D) If movies like these can succeed without the inclusion standards, the new rules might not be needed.
Se filmes como estes conseguem ter sucesso sem os padrões de inclusão, as novas regras podem não ser necessárias.
2 – The two words missing at the end of paragraph 5 are, respectively,
A) enroll – deceive
B) register – cease
C) sort – block
D) submit – silence
• Gabarito D
The two words missing at the end of paragraph 5 are, respectively,
As duas palavras em falta no final do parágrafo 5 são, respectivamente,
A) enroll – deceive
registar – enganar
B) register – cease
registar – cessar
C) sort – block
classificar – bloquear
D) submit – silence
submeter – silenciar
3 – Some prepositions were taken out from paragraph 6. Place them back, respectively.
A) about – into – on – by
B) to – in – from – at
C) in – at – into – of
D) by – on – of – in
• Gabarito D
Some prepositions were taken out from paragraph 6. Place them back, respectively.
Algumas preposições foram retiradas do parágrafo 6. Volte a colocá-las, respetivamente.
A) about – into – on – by
B) to – in – from – at
C) in – at – into – of
D) by – on – of – in
4 – Which question below is NOT answered in Text 1?
A) For the next Oscar, is the Academy demanding
any changes concerning the new rules?
B) Are there any positions in Hollywood movies that are dominated by women?
C) Will the new criteria result in higher quality movies?
D) Was the BFI’s initiative successful?
• Gabarito C
Which question below is NOT answered in Text 1?
Qual das questões abaixo NÃO foi respondida no Texto 1?
A) For the next Oscar, is the Academy demanding any changes concerning the new rules?
Para os próximos Óscares, a Academia está a exigir alguma alteração em relação às novas regras?
B) Are there any positions in Hollywood movies that are dominated by women?
Existe algum cargo em filmes de Hollywood dominado por mulheres?
C) Will the new criteria result in higher quality movies?
Os novos critérios resultarão em filmes de maior qualidade?
D) Was the BFI’s initiative successful?
A iniciativa da BFI foi bem-sucedida?
5 – Read the following sentences.
- 1. Investment advisory firms routinely use _________ to safeguard the assets they manage for their clients.
- 2. We’re waiting for recommendations from the _________.
- 3. _________ should summarize the main facts about their performance.
The alternative that shows the correct sequence of
words to fill in the blanks in the sentences above is
A) nominees – committees – appraisees
B) sublessees – advisees – warrantees
C) warrantees – signees – sublessees
D) committees – appointees – signees
• Gabarito A
Read the following sentences.
- 1. Investment advisory firms routinely use _________ to safeguard the assets they manage for their clients.
- 2. We’re waiting for recommendations from the _________.
- 3. _________ should summarize the main facts about their performance.
The alternative that shows the correct sequence of
words to fill in the blanks in the sentences above is
A) nominees – committees – appraisees
B) sublessees – advisees – warrantees
C) warrantees – signees – sublessees
D) committees – appointees – signees
6 – The same relation between “criteria” and
“criterion” (line 06) is found, in the same order,
in ______ and ______.
A) louse – lice
B) larva – larvae
C) nucleus – nuclei
D) ellipses – ellipsis
• Gabarito D
The same relation between “criteria” and
“criterion” (line 06) is found, in the same order,
in ______ and ______.
A) louse – lice
B) larva – larvae
C) nucleus – nuclei
D) ellipses – ellipsis
7 – The word “backlash” (line 14) is related to a state of
A) repentance and animosity
B) annoyance and grievance
C) loathing and weariness
D) hostility and conviction
• Gabarito B
The word “backlash” (line 14) is related to a state of
A palavra “reação” (linha 14) está relacionada com um estado de
A) repentance and animosity
arrependimento e animosidade
B) annoyance and grievance
aborrecimento e ressentimento
C) loathing and weariness
aversão e cansaço
D) hostility and conviction
hostilidade e convicção
8 – The alternative below in which the word “lower” has the same meaning as “lower” in line 19 is
A) The lower the asking price the worse for the
business.
B) There was growing pressure to lower interest
rates.
C) A lower court had put the execution on hold.
D) Consider the lower levels of the structure.
• Gabarito B
The alternative below in which the word “lower” has the same meaning as “lower” in line 19 is
A alternativa abaixo em que a palavra "inferior" tem o mesmo significado que "inferior" na linha 19 é:
A) The lower the asking price the worse for the business.
Quanto mais baixo for o preço pedido, pior para o negócio.
B) There was growing pressure to lower interest rates.
Existia uma pressão crescente para reduzir as taxas de juro.
C) A lower court had put the execution on hold.
Um tribunal inferior suspendeu a execução.
D) Consider the lower levels of the structure.
Considere os níveis mais baixos da estrutura.
❑ TEXTO 2: Responder à questão 9 com base
no texto 2.
The Oscars’ new diversity rules are sweeping but safe
As novas regras de diversidade dos Óscares são abrangentes, mas seguras
(…) Given that, will anything truly change? Yes, but it’s something far harder to measure: perception. Even if the new guidelines allow ample workarounds, they will probably spur filmmakers, financiers and studio executives to take the issue of diversity more seriously, and could especially be a boon to department heads of color.
And now that the issue is on the table, Oscar voters
may be interested to learn just how specifically a
contender’s diversity standards were met, and which films skated by with a handful of interns.
9 – The main idea of Text 2 is:
A) Although perception is difficult to measure, Oscar voters will be concerned with choosing films that meet diversity standards.
B) Temporary jobs will be offered to meet the diversity standards of film production so that
alternative solutions are allowed.
C) Filmmakers, financiers, studio executives and
Oscar voters may become more concerned about
diversity in filmmaking.
D) Color department heads will benefit from the new guidelines, which will help Oscar voters in their work.
• Gabarito C
The main idea of Text 2 is:
A ideia principal do Texto 2 é:
A) Although perception is difficult to measure, Oscar voters will be concerned with choosing films that meet diversity standards.
Embora a percepção seja difícil de medir, os votantes dos Óscares preocupar-se-ão em escolher filmes que correspondam aos padrões de diversidade.
B) Temporary jobs will be offered to meet the diversity standards of film production so that alternative solutions are allowed.
Serão oferecidos empregos temporários para atender aos padrões de diversidade da produção cinematográfica, permitindo soluções alternativas.
C) Filmmakers, financiers, studio executives and Oscar voters may become more concerned about diversity in filmmaking.
Os cineastas, os financiadores, os executivos dos estúdios e os eleitores dos Óscares podem preocupar-se mais com a diversidade na produção cinematográfica.
D) Color department heads will benefit from the new guidelines, which will help Oscar voters in their work.
Os chefes de departamento de cor beneficiarão das novas diretrizes, que auxiliarão os eleitores dos Óscares no seu trabalho.
❑ INSTRUÇÃO: Responder à questão 10 com base nos textos 1 e 2.
Consider Text 1 and Text 2 and mark T (true) or F
(false).
• ( ) “The aperture must widen to reflect our diverse global population in both the creation of motion pictures and in the audiences who connect with them.” This idea is present in Text 1, paragraph 3.
• ( ) “If these new guidelines say anything loud and
clear, it’s that a lack of diversity isn’t just the Oscars’ problem.” This idea is present in Text 1,
paragraph 7.
• ( ) At the very least, all this is a tacit admission that the Academy is not a passive participant when
it comes to diversity in Hollywood. This idea is
present in Text 2.
The top-down order of the answers above is
A) F – T – T
B) F – T – F
C) T – F – T
D) T – F – F
• Gabarito A
Consider Text 1 and Text 2 and mark T (true) or F (false).
Considere o Texto 1 e o Texto 2 e assinale V (verdadeiro) ou F (falso).
• ( ) “The aperture must widen to reflect our diverse global population in both the creation of motion pictures and in the audiences who connect with them.” This idea is present in Text 1, paragraph 3.
“A abertura deve alargar-se para refletir a nossa população global diversificada, tanto na criação de filmes como no público que se liga a eles.” Esta ideia está presente no Texto 1, parágrafo 3.
• ( ) “If these new guidelines say anything loud and clear, it’s that a lack of diversity isn’t just the Oscars’ problem.” This idea is present in Text 1, paragraph 7.
“Se estas novas diretrizes dizem alguma coisa em alto e bom som, é que a falta de diversidade não é um problema exclusivo dos Óscares.” Esta ideia está presente no Texto 1, parágrafo 7.
• ( ) At the very least, all this is a tacit admission that the Academy is not a passive participant when it comes to diversity in Hollywood. This idea is present in Text 2.
No mínimo, tudo isto é uma admissão tácita de que a Academia não é uma participante passiva quando se trata de diversidade em Hollywood. Esta ideia está presente no Texto 2.
The top-down order of the answers above is
A ordem de cima para baixo das respostas acima é
A) F – T – T
B) F – T – F
C) T – F – T
D) T – F – F
