EFOMM–PS–2015–OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE–PUBLIC SERVICE EXAM, ANSWERS & LEXICAL APPROACH.

• PROCESSO SELETIVO DE ADMISSÃO ÀS ESCOLAS DE FORMAÇÃO DE OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE-PS-2015.

❑ ESTRUTURA DA PROVA:

• 20 Multiple Choice Questions / 5 Options Each Question.

❑ TEXTO 1:

❑ TRADUÇÃO - TEXTO:

Five stranded snorkellers rescued from tiny island off Australia after their huge SOS message was spotted by helicopter.

Cinco mergulhadores encalhados foram resgatados de uma pequena ilha ao largo da Austrália depois de a sua enorme mensagem de SOS ter sido detectada por um helicóptero.

   

Five snorkellers stranded on a tiny island off the east coast of Australia have been rescued after scrawling a giant SOS message into a nearby sandbank.

Cinco mergulhadores encalhados numa pequena ilha ao largo da costa leste da Austrália foram resgatados depois de terem rabiscado uma mensagem SOS gigante num banco de areia próximo.

The group had been stuck out at sea for more than nine hours after their boat's anchor failed and it drifted away.

O grupo ficou preso no mar durante mais de nove horas, depois de a âncora do barco ter falhado e este ter ficado à deriva.

They had been swimming around a remote sandbar near Wigton Island, Queensland, when the vessel started shifting - with their mobile phones, clothes, water and sunscreen all still on board – and it had moved beyond reach before they had time to react.

Estavam nadando à volta de um banco de areia remoto perto da ilha de Wigton, em Queensland, quando a embarcação começou a deslocar-se - com os telemóveis, a roupa, a água e o protetor solar ainda a bordo - e ficou fora de alcance antes de terem tempo de reagir.

Speaking to the Courier-Mail about the ordeal yesterday, Lyn Forbes-Smith described how she, a female friend and three male friends were facing the prospect of a long, cold night surrounded by ocean when they finally spotted an approaching rescue helicopter.

Falando ontem ao Courier-Mail sobre a provação, Lyn Forbes-Smith descreveu como ela, uma amiga e três amigos estavam a enfrentar a perspetiva de uma noite longa e fria rodeados pelo oceano quando finalmente avistaram um helicóptero de salvamento que se aproximava.

"We had sort of made plans about what we'd do on the rock for the evening," she said.

"Tínhamos feito planos sobre o que iríamos fazer no rochedo durante a noite", disse ela.

"We had reef walkers on thankfully, but we had no food, water, cream, no hats, not much at all. We just looked for the highest ground, we looked for rocks where five of us could huddle together because we didn’t really want to separate, and we wanted to be out of the wind as best as possible."

"Felizmente, tínhamos camas de recife, mas não tínhamos comida, água, cremes, chapéus, nada de especial. Procurámos apenas o terreno mais alto, procuramos rochas onde cinco de nós pudéssemos amontoar-nos porque não queríamos separar-nos e queríamos estar o mais longe possível do vento."

Ms Forbes-Smith explained that they were concerned the sandbar – and their message – would go under with the tide, but that they were “reasonably confident” someone would come looking when friends realised they had not returned.

A Sra. Forbes-Smith explicou que estavam preocupados com o facto de o banco de areia - e a sua mensagem - se afundar com a maré, mas que estavam "razoavelmente confiantes" de que alguém viria procurar quando os amigos se apercebessem de que não tinham regressado.

The group had set off from Keswick Island towards Wigton Island at around 8am for the snorkelling trip, and it was around 5pm when they first saw signs of help approaching.

O grupo tinha partido da ilha de Keswick em direção à ilha de Wigton por volta das 8h00 para a viagem de mergulho e foi por volta das 17h00 que viram pela primeira vez sinais de ajuda aproximando-se.

Another member of the group, Craig Gilbert, told ABC News of their joy at spotting an RACQ rescue helicopter.

Outro membro do grupo, Craig Gilbert, contou à ABC News a sua alegria ao avistar um helicóptero de salvamento da RACQ.

"We saw the helicopter and we thought, 'Oh, you beauty' - and then it disappeared and we thought, 'Oh no - we better look out for our beds for the night' - then it came back probably 20 minutes later,” he said.

"Vimos o helicóptero e pensamos: 'Oh, beleza' - e depois desapareceu e pensamos: 'Oh não - é melhor procurarmos as nossas camas para passar a noite' - e depois voltou provavelmente 20 minutos depois", disse.

Rescue helicopter crew member Damien Kross said the five were treated for sunburn and dehydration, but were otherwise “fine”.

Damien Kross, membro da tripulação do helicóptero de resgate, disse que os cinco foram tratados por queimaduras solares e desidratação, mas que estavam "bem".

"They were a little bit dehydrated but we winched them to safety and brought them back here [to Mackay on the mainland] for just to have a quick medical attention and they were all fine."

"Eles estavam um pouco desidratados, mas içámo-los para um local seguro e trouxemo-los para aqui [para Mackay, no continente] para receberem uma rápida assistência médica e ficaram todos bem."

(Adapted from The Independent/Friday 11 July 2014)

01 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) What is the text mainly about?

(A) Five snorkellers who were overboard in the vicinity of the east coast of Australia.
(B) The retrieval of five snorkellers bound for Wigton Island.
(C) A rescue chopper near Queensland.
(D) Five snorkellers who were hoisted  by a windlass.
(E) Castaways who were in mourning.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

What is the text mainly about?

Sobre o que trata principalmente o texto?

(A) Five snorkellers who were overboard in the vicinity of the east coast of Australia.

>>INCORRETA: Cinco mergulhadores que estavam ao mar nas proximidades da costa leste da Austrália.
(B) The retrieval of five snorkellers bound for Wigton Island.

>>CORRETA: O resgate de cinco mergulhadores com destino à Ilha Wigton.

• […] Five stranded snorkellers rescued from tiny island off Australia after their huge SOS message was spotted by helicopter."
• Cinco mergulhadores encalhados resgatados de uma pequena ilha na Austrália depois que sua mensagem SOS gigante foi detectada por um helicóptero.
• STRANDED /ˈstræn.dɪd/ (preso, abandonado, encalhado) - unable to leave somewhere because of a problem such as not having any transport or money.
• If the tide comes in, we'll be stranded on these rocks.
• Se a maré subir, ficaremos presos nestas rochas.
• RETRIEVALˈ/rɪˈtrivəl/ (resgate)
• The retrieval of bodies from the wreckage.
• O resgate de corpos dos destroços.
• SNORKELLER /ˈsnɔːkələ / (mergulhador) = uma pessoa que usa snorkel ou pratica mergulho com snorkel.(www.collinsdictionary.com)
• A world-class snorkeller,
• Uma mergulhadora de classe mundial

(C) A rescue chopper near Queensland.

>>INCORRETA: Um helicóptero de resgate perto de Queensland.
(D) Five snorkellers who were hoisted by a windlass.

>>INCORRETA: Cinco mergulhadores que foram içados por um molinete.

• TO HOISTˈ/hɔɪst/(levantar, içar) - levantar algo pesado, às vezes usando cordas ou uma máquina.
• As night falls, a crane hoists a black car out of the lake. (www.collinsdictionary.com)
• Ao cair da noite, um guindaste iça um carro preto para fora do lago.

(E) Castaways who were in mourning.

>>INCORRETA: Náufragos que estavam de luto.

• CASTAWAYˈ/ˈkæs.tə.weɪ/ (levantar, içar) - uma pessoa que escapou de um navio que afundou.
• From there they organized a mission to retrieve the other two castaways. (www.collinsdictionary.com)
• A partir daí eles organizaram uma missão para resgatar os outros dois náufragos.

02 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)

In:

• "(...) after scrawling a giant SOS message into a nearby sandbank (...)" (line 2-4),

the underlined word is closest in meaning to:

(A) reef
(B) debris 
(C) shoal
(D) derelict
(E) seabed

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

In: "(...) after scrawling a giant SOS message into a nearby sandbank (...)" (line 2-4), the underlined word is closest in meaning to:

Em: "(...) depois de rabiscar uma mensagem SOS gigante em um banco de areia próximo (...)" (linha 2-4), a palavra sublinhada tem o significado mais próximo de:

(A) reef /riːf/ recife

• a coral reef (um recife de coral)
• a dangerous offshore reef (um recife perigoso na costa)

(B) debris /dəˈbriː/ destroços, escombros, entulho

• DEBRIS (Uncountable Noun) = broken or torn pieces of something larger. (dictionary.cambridge.org)
• Debris from the aircraft. (Destroços da aeronave)

(C) shoal /ʃoʊl/ baixio, banco de areia.

• SHOAL (noun) = a raised area of sand or rocks under the surface of the water.  (dictionary.cambridge.org)
• The boat grounded on a shoal.
• O barco encalhou em um banco de areia.

(D) derelict /ˈdɛrəlɪkt/ abandonado

• DERELICT (adjective) = (of land or buildings) unused and not in good condition. (dictionary.cambridge.org)
• The theatre has been left to lie derelict.
• O teatro foi abandonado.

(E) seabed /ˈsiː.bed// solo oceânico, fundo do mar.

• SEABED (noun) = (of land or buildings) unused and not in good condition. (dictionary.cambridge.org)
• The ship has been lying on the seabed for more than 50 years.
• O navio está no fundo do mar há mais de 50 anos.

>> SUMMARY CHART:

(Fonte: https://www.merriam-webster.com): 

03 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)

In :

• "(...) Speaking to the Courier-Mail about the ordeal yesterday (...)" (line 14-15),

the word in bold  means:

(A) a risible story

(B) a trying experience
(C) a petty detail
(D) a remarkable situation
(E) a fuzzy plan of action

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

In : "(...) Speaking to the Courier-Mail about the ordeal yesterday (...)" (line 14-15), the word in bold  means:

Em: "(...) Falando ao Courier-Mail sobre o calvário de ontem (...)" (linha 14-15), a palavra em negrito significa:  

(A) a risible story ma história risível

(B) a trying experience uma experiência difícil

• TRYING (adjective) → extremamente irritante, difícil. (Collins Dictionary)
• a trying day (um dia difícil)
• a trying experience (uma experiência difícil).

(C) a petty detail um pequeno detalhe
(D) a remarkable situation uma situação notável
(E) a fuzzy plan of action um plano de ação confuso

04 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the sequence that correctly completes the sentences below.

1 - The UK ____ less than 2% of its gas from Russia.

2 - Several agreements ____to try to reduce water pollution.

3 - Some political measures ____ for many years.

4 - You should take a coat and an umbrella. I heard the weather _____later.

5 - Thousands of people ____ every year in storms and hurricanes.

6 - Climate change ____ the weather all over the  world.

(A) gets – have been made – won't be understood - will change – are killed – is affecting

(B) is got – have being made – will understand -  will be changed – kill – is being affected
(C) gets -  is made – won't be understood –  is being changed - are being killed – was affected
(D) is got -  are made – will understand –  will change – is killed – affects
(E) has been getting – has been made –  won't be understood – will change –  are killed – is affected

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  
TÓPICO - TEMPOS VERBAIS:

1 - The UK gets less than 2% of its gas from Russia.

• Present Simple → GETS.

2 - Several agreements have been made to try to reduce water pollution.

• Present Perfect in Passive Voice → HAVE BEEN MADE.

3 - Some political measures won't be understood for many years.

• Future in Passive Voice → WON'T BE UNDERSTOOD.

4 - You should take a coat and an umbrella. I heard the weather will change later.

• Future Simple → WILL CHANGE.

5 - Thousands of people are killed every year in storms and hurricanes.

• Present in Passive Voice → ARE KILLED.

6 - Climate change is affecting the weather all over the  world.

• Present Continuous → IS AFFECTING.

(A) gets – have been made – won't be understood - will change – are killed – is affecting

(B) is got – have being made – will understand -  will be changed – kill – is being affected
(C) gets -  is made – won't be understood –  is being changed - are being killed – was affected
(D) is got -  are made – will understand –  will change – is killed – affects
(E) has been getting – has been made –  won't be understood – will change –  are killed – is affected

05 – (EFOMM-PS2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the word that correctly completes the sentence.

•  “A ______ person has 'common sense', and does not make stupid decisions.”

(A) bored

(B) mischievous
(C) clumsy
(D) jealous
(E) sensible

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  

TÓPICO - VOCABULÁRIO CONTEXTUAL:

• “A sensible person has 'common sense', and does not make stupid decisions.”
• Uma pessoa sensata tem “bom senso” e não toma decisões estúpidas.

(A) bored aborrecida

(B) mischievous traquina
(C) clumsy desajeitada
(D) jealous ciumenta
(E) sensible sensata

06 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Which sentence is correct?

(A) The news today are very bad.
(B) The aircraft are being refuelled.
(C) The staff is on strike.
(D) Too many mathematics are usually taught in schools.
(E) He picked up the dice and threw them again.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

0X – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Which sequence completes the text below?

• "I cannot understand why the Spring is so late ___ coming," said the Selfish Giant, as he sat ___ the window and looked ___   ___ this cold white garden; "I hope there will be a change  ___ the weather."

(Adapted from The Selfish Giant  by Oscar Wilde)

(A) in – at – out – in – of
(B) in – on – at – out – in
(C) for – by – out – on – of
(D) in – at – out – at – in
(E) for – by – at – out – in

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  
TÓPICOS - PREPOSITION VERBS, COLLOCATIONS:

>>1ª LACUNA:

• "IN" é parte integrante da estrutura "in coming"(em chegar).
• "I cannot understand why the Spring is so late in coming,"
• Não consigo entender por que a primavera está tão atrasada em chegar.

>>2ª LACUNA:

• Usamos AT antes de locais específicos (at the window).
• "as he sat at the window"
• enquanto ele se sentava na janela.

>>3ª LACUNA:

• "out" é parte do preposition verb "to look out" (olhar fora)
• "as he sat at the window and looked out at this cold white garden"
• enquanto ele se sentava na janela e olhava fora para este jardim branco frio.

>>4ª LACUNA:

• "AT" é parte integrante da verbo dinâmico "to look at something"(olhar para algo).
• "as he sat at the window and looked out at this cold white garden"
• enquanto ele se sentava na janela e olhava fora para este jardim branco frio.

>>5ª LACUNA:

• "IN" que é parte integrante da estrutura nominal "a change in something"(Uma mudança em algo).
• "I hope there will be a change in the weather."
• Espero que haja uma mudança no clima.

05 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Which sequence completes the sentences below?

1- Susan __ down and closed her eyes.

2- The boss __ the papers on the table.

3- Don't __ in bed all day. Get up and do some work.

4- The lake __ beyond this hill.

(A) laid - laid - lay - lies
(B) laid - lay - lay - lies
(C) lay - laid - lie - lies
(D) laid - lay - lie - lays
(E) lay - lay - lie - lays

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  
TÓPICO - LAY vs LIE :

>>1ª LACUNA:

• Susan lay down and closed her eyes. (simple past, lay)
• Susan deitou-se e fechou os olhos.
• CONTEXTO → DEITAR → TO LIE (lie, lay , lain, lying), um verbo seguido por "advérbio" (down, here) ou "preposição" (in, on).
• (simple past, lay)

>>OUTRO EXEMPLO:

• When you're lying here in my arms.(www.letras.mus.br)
• Quando você está deitada aqui em meus braços.

>>2ª LACUNA:

• The boss laid the papers on the table.(simple past, laid)
• O patrão colocou os papéis sobre a mesa.
• CONTEXTO → COLOCAR, PÔR → TO LAY (lay. laid, laid, laying), é um verbo  seguido por "noun phrase" (the papers).

>>OUTROS EXEMPLOS:

• The housekeeper saw the birds laying eggs.
• A governanta viu os pássaros botando ovos.
• So lay your cards down, down, down, down. (www.letras.mus.br/beyonce/texas-hold-em)
• Então, 'baixe seu jogo", baixe, baixe, baixe.

>>3ª LACUNA:

• Don't lie in bed all day. Get up and do some work.(imperativo, lie)
• Não fique deitado na cama o dia todo. Levante-se e faça algum trabalho.
• CONTEXTO → DEITAR → TO LIE (lie, lay , lain, lying), um verbo seguido por "advérbio" (down, here) ou "preposição" (in, on).

>>4ª LACUNA:

• The lake lies beyond this hill.
• O lago fica além desta colina.
• CONTEXTO → LOCALIZAR-SE → TO LIE (lie, lay , lain, lying), quando seguido pelo "advérbio" (beyond) na forma 3ª pessoa do singular e no simple present .

>> SUMMARY CHART:

(Fonte: www.vocabulary.cl): 

06 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Which sentence is grammatically correct?

(A) I think I would enjoy a city life.
(B) You've made a very good progress.
(C) We are having a terrible weather.
(D) A child needs plenty of love.
(E) What a nonsense!

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Which sentence is grammatically correct?

(A) I think I would enjoy a city life.

• The correct phrase is "enjoy city life" - it's the standard way to say you like living in a city; "city life" is considered a noun phrase, so you "enjoy" the whole experience of living in a city, not just "a city life.".

(B) You've made a very good progress.

• We don't need the "a" before "very good progress".

(C) We are having a terrible weather.

• The correct phrase is "terrible weather". The phrase "a terrible weather" is incorrect because "weather" is an uncountable noun, and indefinite articles like "a" are not used before uncountable nouns.

(D) A child needs plenty of love.

• CORRETA, "a child" exige verbo na 3ªps (needs).

(E) What a nonsense!

• "What nonsense!" or "It's nonsense" is an expression used to describe something that is silly, foolish, or untrue.

07 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the correct alternative.

(A) He explained it all carefully, but I was not the wiser.

(B) My grandmother can run twice faster than you.
(C) I spent more money than it was sensible yesterday.
(D) There were more people at the meeting than we had expected them.
(E) She was the first woman to climb that mountain solo.

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  
TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

08 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Which sequence completes the text below?

• "I cannot understand why the Spring is so late _______ coming," said the Selfish Giant, as he sat _______ the window and looked ________ ______ this cold white garden; "I hope there will be a change ______ the weather."

(Adapted from The Selfish Giant by Oscar Wilde)

( a ) in – at – out – in – of

( b ) in – on – at – out – in

( c ) for – by – out – on – of

( d ) in – at – out – at – in

( e ) for – by – at – out – in

09 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Complete the sentences with too many, too much or enough. Then, choose the correct alternative.

1 - I've been to rather _____ parties recently.

2 - You're spending far _____ time on your computer.

3 - Stop. You're  asking me _____ questions.

4 - Help! I've got _____ luggage.

5 – Oh, sorry, I didn't call you.  I didn't have _____ time.

(A) too many – too much – too many– too much -  enough

(B) too much – enough – too many – too much – too much
(C) enough –  enough – too much - enough –  too many
(D) too many – too much – enough – too much – enough
(E) too much – too many – enough – enough – enough

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

0x – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Which sentence IS NOT correct?

(A) She went and got him from the station.
(B) I am going to try and eat something.
(C) Be sure and ask Uncle Sam about the vegetables.
(D) She tried and ate something, but she couldn’t manage.
(E) Hurry up and open the door.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  
TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

09 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Which verb form can complete the sentence correctly?

• "If we ________ by lunchtime, we had better hurry."

(A) get there
(B) will get there
(C) would get there
(D) are to get there
(E) could get there

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

10 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the alternative with the verbs that correctly complete the sentences below.

1 - If I were you, I _____ him the truth.

2 - If I had been in your place, I _____ this.

3 - If I knew her name, I  ____  you.

4 - If  I  hadn’t saved money, I _____ this sports   car now.

5 - If it rains next Sunday, I _____  home.

(A) tell - wouldn't say - will tell - will buy - will stay
(B) told - would say - would tell - would buy - would have stayed
(C) would tell - wouldn't have said - should tell - wouldn’t buy - will stay
(D) will tell - would have said - had told - buy - would stay
(E) would have told - wouldn't have said - should tell – am buying - will stay

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  
TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

11 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Which sentence is grammatically correct?

( a ) I think I would enjoy a city life.

( b ) You’ve made a very good progress.

( c ) We are having a terrible weather.

( d ) A child needs plenty of love.

( e ) What a nonsense! 

      Comentários e Gabarito       
TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

11 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Which conjunction correctly completes the sentence?

• "________ he left school at 16, he still managed to become prime minister."

(A) Because

(B) Even though
(C) Provided that
(D) So
(E) Thus

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

12 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the alternative where the pronoun can correctly be omitted.

(A) Do Exercise 1, which is very easy.

(B) Have you read the letter which I sent you?
(C) She lives in a house which was built by her father.
(D) The man who gave me the book was the librarian.
(E) These walls are all that remain of the city.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

13 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the alternative that correctly shows the comparative form of the adjectives below.

"far - good – bad – easy - old"

(A) further - best – worst – easier – oldest
(B) farther - better – worse – easiest - older
(C) further - better – worse – easier – elder
(D) farther – best – worse – easier – oldest
(E) farthest – better – worst – easiest – eldest

 👍   Gabarito    C  

TÓPICO - ADJECTIVES - THE COMPARATIVE FORM - Adjetivos Irregulares: 

➭ FAR (Base Form)  – Further (Comparative Form) ou Farther (Comparative Form).

➭ GOOD (Base Form)  – Better (Comparative Form).

➭ BAD (Base Form)  – Worse (Comparative Form).

➭ EASY (Base Form)  – Easier (Comparative Form).  

➭ OLD (Base Form)  – Older (Comparative Form) ou Elder (Comparative Form).

14 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Read an extract of a news report and decide which verb correctly completes the sentences.  Then, choose the correct alternative.

• “Drivers on a Chinese motorway in Sichuan had to stop suddenly because an ostrich _____ along the road.  It _____ to belong to a Mr Liu, or Meishan, who _____ that the ostrich ______ away when he ______ it.”

(A) ran - was turning out - was explaining - ran - fed

(B) was running - turned out - explained - was running - was feeding
(C) was running - turned out - explained - ran - was feeding
(D) ran - turned out - was explaining - was running - was feeding
(E) ran - was turning out - explained - was running - fed

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

15 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the alternative that correctly completes the sentences below.

1 - She ____ be married, she isn't old enough.

2 - Listen, children, you ____ finish the essay now  if you don't want to.

3 - The neighbors ______ be at home, I saw the  light on in their bedroom.

4 - You ___ take a taxi.  There's a good bus service.

5 -  Look at that sign.  You _____ park here.

(A) can- have to – can't  - ought to – shouldn't

(B) can't – should – don't have to – shouldn't – mustn't
(C) isn't allowed to – ought to – don't have to – should – don't have to
(D) can't – don't have to – must – don't have to – aren't allowed to
(E) must – can't – have to – mustn't –  don't have to

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

16 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Which verb form can complete the sentence correctly?

• “If we _______________ by lunchtime, we had better hurry.”

( a ) get there

( b ) will get there

( c ) would get there

( d ) are to get there

( e ) could get there

 

      Comentários e Gabarito      

TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

17 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Which sequence completes the sentences below?

1- Susan ___________ down and closed her eyes.

2- The boss ____________ the papers on the table.

3- Don’t _____________ in bed all day. Get up and do some work.

4- The lake ___________ beyond this hill.

( a ) laid – laid – lay – lies

( b ) laid – lay – lay – lies

( c ) lay – laid – lie – lies

( d ) laid – lay – lie – lays

( e ) lay – lay – lie – lays

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICO - LAY (lay, laid, laid) vs LIE (lie, lay, lain):

1- Susan lay down and closed her eyes.

• lay ("to lie" followed by a preposition: down)
• past (because of verb "closed")

2- The boss laid the papers on the table.

• laid (direct object: the papers)
• Remember that any tense of the transitive verb (to lay) must take a direct object.

3- Don’t lie in bed all day. Get up and do some work.

• lay ("to lie" followed by a preposition phrase: in bed)
• base form (imperative form)

4- The lake lies beyond this hill.

• lies ("to lie" followed by a preposition phrase: beyond this hill)
• present simple and subject-verb agreement.

18 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Which conjunction correctly completes the sentence?

• “_________________ he left school at 16, he still managed to become prime minister.”

( a ) Because

( b ) Even though

( c ) Provided that

( d ) So

( e ) Thus

18 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Which sentence IS NOT correct?

( a ) She went and got him from the station.

( b ) I am going to try and eat something.

( c ) Be sure and ask Uncle Sam about the vegetables.

( d ) She tried and ate something, but she couldn’t manage.

( e ) Hurry up and open the door. 

20 – (EFOMM-PS-2015-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the verb that DOES NOT complete the sentence correctly.

• “The committee has _________ a meeting to discuss the president's death.”

(A) arranged
(B) programmed
(C) scheduled
(D) organized
(E) called

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Choose the verb that DOES NOT complete the sentence correctly.

• “The committee has _________ a meeting to discuss the president's death.”

(A) arranged
(B) programmed
(C) scheduled
(D) organized
(E) called