FGV-2022-SENADO FEDERAL-POLICIAL LEGISLATIVO – LÍNGUA INGLESA – CONCURSO PÚBLICO – PROVA COM GABARITO.

Welcome back to another post!

➧ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: FGV-2022-SENADO FEDERAL-POLICIAL LEGISLATIVO, aplicação em 05/11/2022.

➧ BANCA/ORGANIZADOR: FGV - - https://conhecimento.fgv.br/concursos

➧ VOCABULÁRIO:

• attachment - anexo, documento digital.
• denial - negação.
• fishy (= dodgy) - duvidoso, suspeito.
• forecast - previsão.
• harmless - inofensivo, que não faz mal.
• Phishing - “pescar” informações e dados pessoais importantes através de mensagens falsas. Phishing é uma forma de crime cibernético em que hackers enviam e-mails fraudulentos e/ou criam sites falsos para roubar dinheiro e informações confidenciais.
• praise - elogio.
• reliable - confiável, seguro, de confiança.
• sensible - razoável, prático e mostrando bom senso.
• The opening sentence - A frase de abertura.
• throw something out (= do away with something) - descartar algo, livrar-se de algo, deletar, jogar na lixeira.
• warning - aviso, alerta.

➧ GABARITO:

01-A, 02-B, 03-D, 04-B, 05-C, 06-A, 07-E

➧ TEXT I: Read Text I and answer the four questions that follow it.

Behind the rise of ransomware

The story of the ransomware surge is the story of the discovery, professionalization, and growth of the targeted attack extortion model. Prior to 2016, most ransomware campaigns targeted a large and effectively random pool of end users. This “spray-and-pray” business model privileged quantity over quality, meaning ransomware actors spent less time focusing on how to apply pressure on a given victim and more time trying to reach as many victims as possible. Until the tail end of this period, ransomware did not generate enormous profits. Being a secondtier avenue of cybercrime, it failed to attract as much talent or activity as it would in the years to come.

Ransomware experienced its first period of significant growth between 2013 and 2016, when refinements to ransomware payloads, the emergence of virtual currencies, and enhanced anti-fraud measures from banks and cybersecurity vendors increased the profitability of digital extortion relative to other common avenues of cybercrime. What happened next remains unclear, but with more activity concentrating on ransomware, criminals appear to have learned how easy it was to extort organizations before piecing together how lucrative these attacks could be. Regardless, between 2016 and 2019, established cybercriminal gangs entered the targeted ransomware business en masse.

From that point until the summer of 2021, cybercriminals invested growing time and resources to improve the targeted extortion model. During this period, digital extortion became more profitable because cybercriminal gangs and cybercrime markets reoriented around a near limitless demand for targeted ransomware. Moreover, as criminals learned how to best extract revenue from victims, they launched increasingly disruptive ransomware attacks. […]

Even though it is tempting to hope that we are just one diplomatic agreement, one technological leap, or one regulation away from its elimination, targeted ransomware is here to stay. As with other forms of crime, the government can expect better outcomes by planning how to manage the issue over time rather than searching for quick and complete solutions.

Adapted from: https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/

wpcontent/uploads/2022/08/

Behind_the_rise_of_ransomware.pdf

01 – (FGV-2022-SENADO FEDERAL-POLICIAL LEGISLATIVO)

Based on Text I, mark the statements below as true (T) or false (F).

(  ) The “spray-and-pray” business model belongs to a late period in the history of ransomware.

(  ) The analysis indicates that cybercrime is far from mushrooming.

(  ) The text argues that solutions to cybercrime can be reached in a jiffy.

The statements are, respectively,

(A) F – F – F.

(B) T – F – F.

(C) F – T – F.

(D) T – T – F.

(E) F – F – T.

02 – (FGV-2022-SENADO FEDERAL-POLICIAL LEGISLATIVO)

When the author uses the expression “the tail end of this period” (1st paragraph), he is referring to its

(A) wildest era.

(B) hindmost phase.

(C) earliest moment.

(D) most critical stage.

(E) most fleeting instant.

03 – (FGV-2022-SENADO FEDERAL-POLICIAL LEGISLATIVO)

In “What happened next remains unclear” (2nd paragraph)

implies that this period is

(A) enduring.

(B) sluggish.

(C) dismal.

(D) fuzzy.

(E) brief.

04 – (FGV-2022-SENADO FEDERAL-POLICIAL LEGISLATIVO)

The word “Regardless” in

“Regardless, between 2016 and 2019, established cybercriminal gangs entered the targeted ransomware business en masse”

is similar in meaning to

(A) Soon.

(B) Anyway.

(C) Scarcely.

(D) Although.

(E) Conversely.

➧ TEXT II: Read Text II and answer the three questions that follow it.

From: https://aghlc.com/resources/

articles/2016/how-to-prevent-phishing-attacks160812.aspx?hss_channel=tw-2432542152

05 – (FGV-2022-SENADO FEDERAL-POLICIAL LEGISLATIVO)

The opening sentence in this poster is a

(A) praise.

(B) denial.

(C) warning.

(D) forecast.

(E) complaint.

06 – (FGV-2022-SENADO FEDERAL-POLICIAL LEGISLATIVO)

The use of “phishy” is a play on the word “fishy”, meaning that something looks rather

(A) dodgy.

(B) defiant.

(C) reliable.

(D) sensible.

(E) harmless.

07 – (FGV-2022-SENADO FEDERAL-POLICIAL LEGISLATIVO)

By using the phrase “throw it out”, the poster recommends that one should

(A) do it up.

(B) do for it.

(C) do it over.

(D) do without it.

(E) do away with it