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❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:
UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS-FUNDAÇÃO CEFETMINAS-VESTIBULAR-2016.
❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:
- 06 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 4 Options Each Question.
PROVA, TRADUÇÃO, GABARITO & MUITO VOCABULÁRIO
❑ TEXTO:
The Red Planet
Mars is a small rocky body once thought to be very Earthlike. Like the other terrestrial planets -Mercury, Venus, and Earth - its surface has been changed by volcanism, impacts from other bodies, movements of its crust, and atmospheric effects such as dust storms. It has polar ice caps that grow and recede with the change of seasons; areas of layered soils near the Martian poles suggest that the planet's climate has changed more than once, perhaps caused by a regular change in the planet's orbit.
Martian tectonism, the formation and change of a planet's crust, differs from Earth's. Where Earth tectonics involve sliding plates that grind against each other or spread apart in the seafloors, Martian tectonics seem to be vertical, with hot lava pushing upwards through the crust to the surface.
Periodically, great dust storms engulf the entire planet. The effects of these storms are dramatic, including giant dunes, wind streaks, and wind-carved features.
Scientists believe that 3.5 billion years ago, Mars experienced the largest known floods in the solar system. This water may even have pooled into lakes or shallow oceans. But where did the ancient flood water come from, how long did it last, and where did it go?
At present, Mars is too cold and its atmosphere is too thin to allow liquid water to exist at the surface for long. There's water ice close to the surface and more water frozen in the polar ice caps, but the quantity of water required to carve Mars's great channels and flood plains is not evident on - or near - the surface today. Images from NASA's Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft suggest that underground reserves of water may break through the surface as springs. The answers may lie deep beneath Mars's red soil.
Unraveling the story of water on Mars is important to unlocking its past climate history, which will help us understand the evolution of all planets, including our own. Water is also believed to be a central ingredient for the initiation of life; the evidence of past or present water on Mars is expected to hold clues about past or present life on Mars, as well as the potential for life elsewhere in the universe. And, before humans can safely go to Mars, we need to know much more about the planet's environment, including the availability of resources such as water.
Mars has some remarkable geological characteristics, including the largest volcanic mountain in the solar system, Olympus Mons; volcanoes in the northern Tharsis region that are so huge they deform the planet's roundness; and a gigantic equatorial rift valley, the Valles Marineris. This canyon system stretches a distance equivalent to the distance from New York to Los Angeles;
Arizona's Grand Canyon could easily fit into one of the side canyons of this great chasm.
Mars also has two small moons, Phobos and Deimos. Although no one knows how they formed, they may be asteroids snared by Mars's gravity.
- http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/space/solar-system/mars-article/Text courtesy NASA/JPL-2015.
❑ TRADUÇÃO DO TEXTO:
The Red Planet
O Planeta Vermelho
Mars is a small rocky body once thought to be very Earthlike.
Marte é um pequeno corpo rochoso que já foi considerado muito semelhante à Terra.
Like the other terrestrial planets -Mercury, Venus, and Earth - its surface has been changed by volcanism, impacts from other bodies, movements of its crust, and atmospheric effects such as dust storms.
Tal como os outros planetas terrestres - Mercúrio, Vénus e Terra - a sua superfície vem sendo alterada pelo vulcanismo, impactos de outros corpos, movimentos da sua crosta e efeitos atmosféricos, como tempestades de poeira.
It has polar ice caps that grow and recede with the change of seasons; areas of layered soils near the Martian poles suggest that the planet's climate has changed more than once, perhaps caused by a regular change in the planet's orbit.
Possui calotas polares que crescem e recuam com a mudança das estações; áreas de solos em camadas perto dos polos marcianos sugerem que o clima do planeta mudou mais do que uma vez, talvez causado por uma mudança regular na órbita do planeta.
- "Polar ice caps" - Calotas polares.
- "more than once" - mais do que uma vez.
Martian tectonism, the formation and change of a planet's crust, differs from Earth's.
O tectonismo marciano, a formação e mudança da crosta de um planeta, difere o da Terra.
Where Earth tectonics involve sliding plates that grind against each other or spread apart in the seafloors, Martian tectonics seem to be vertical, with hot lava pushing upwards through the crust to the surface.
Enquanto a tectónica da Terra envolve placas deslizantes que se chocam umas contra as outras ou se espalham no fundo do mar, a tectónica marciana parece ser vertical, com a lava quente empurrando para cima através da crosta até à superfície.
Periodically, great dust storms engulf the entire planet.
Periodicamente, grandes tempestades de poeira envolvem todo o planeta.
The effects of these storms are dramatic, including giant dunes, wind streaks, and wind-carved features.
Os efeitos destas tempestades são dramáticos, incluindo dunas gigantes, rajadas de vento e estruturas esculpidas pelo vento.
- "storms" - tempestades.
- "Wind streaks" - Rajadas de vento.
- "wind-carved features" - estruturas esculpidas pelo vento.
Scientists believe that 3.5 billion years ago, Mars experienced the largest known floods in the solar system.
Os cientistas acreditam que há 3,5 mil milhões de anos, Marte sofreu as maiores inundações conhecidas no sistema solar.
This water may even have pooled into lakes or shallow oceans.
Esta água pode até ter-se acumulado em lagos ou oceanos pouco profundos.
- "shallow oceans" - oceanos pouco profundos.
But where did the ancient flood water come from, how long did it last, and where did it go?
Mas de onde veio a antiga água do dilúvio, quanto tempo durou e para onde foi?
At present, Mars is too cold and its atmosphere is too thin to allow liquid water to exist at the surface for long.
Atualmente, Marte é demasiado frio e a sua atmosfera é demasiado fina para permitir a existência de água líquida à superfície durante muito tempo.
There's water ice close to the surface and more water frozen in the polar ice caps, but the quantity of water required to carve Mars's great channels and flood plains is not evident on - or near - the surface today.
Há gelo de água perto da superfície e mais água congelada nas calotes polares, mas a quantidade de água necessária para escavar os grandes canais e planícies aluviais de Marte não é evidente hoje à superfície ou perto dela.
Images from NASA's Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft suggest that underground reserves of water may break through the surface as springs.
As imagens da sonda Mars Global Surveyor da NASA sugerem que as reservas subterrâneas de água podem surgir à superfície como nascentes.
The answers may lie deep beneath Mars's red soil.
As respostas podem estar nas profundezas do solo vermelho de Marte.
Unraveling the story of water on Mars is important to unlocking its past climate history, which will help us understand the evolution of all planets, including our own.
Desvendar a história da água em Marte é importante para desvendar a sua história climática passada, o que nos ajudará a compreender a evolução de todos os planetas, incluindo o nosso.
Water is also believed to be a central ingredient for the initiation of life; the evidence of past or present water on Mars is expected to hold clues about past or present life on Mars, as well as the potential for life elsewhere in the universe.
Acredita-se também que a água é um ingrediente central para o início da vida; espera-se que a evidência de água passada ou presente em Marte contenha pistas sobre a vida passada ou presente em Marte, bem como o potencial de vida noutras partes do universo.
And, before humans can safely go to Mars, we need to know much more about the planet's environment, including the availability of resources such as water.
E, antes de os humanos poderem ir a Marte em segurança, precisamos de saber muito mais sobre o ambiente do planeta, incluindo a disponibilidade de recursos como a água.
Mars has some remarkable geological characteristics, including the largest volcanic mountain in the solar system, Olympus Mons; volcanoes in the northern Tharsis region that are so huge they deform the planet's roundness; and a gigantic equatorial rift valley, the Valles Marineris.
Marte tem algumas características geológicas notáveis, incluindo a maior montanha vulcânica do sistema solar, Olympus Mons; vulcões na região norte de Tharsis que são tão grandes que deformam a redondeza do planeta; e um gigantesco vale equatorial, o Valles Marineris.
This canyon system stretches a distance equivalent to the distance from New York to Los Angeles; Arizona's Grand Canyon could easily fit into one of the side canyons of this great chasm.
Este sistema de desfiladeiros estende-se por uma distância equivalente à distância de Nova Iorque a Los Angeles; O Grand Canyon do Arizona caberia facilmente num dos desfiladeiros laterais deste grande abismo.
Mars also has two small moons, Phobos and Deimos. Although no one knows how they formed, they may be asteroids snared by Mars's gravity.
Marte tem também duas pequenas luas, Fobos e Deimos. Embora ninguém saiba como se formaram, podem ser asteróides capturados pela gravidade de Marte.
49 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2016) According to the text, what is the CORRECT statement?
A) Mars and Earth have the same tectonic plates.
B) Mars and Earth are red planets.
C) Mars and Earth support the human race.
D) Mars and Earth have water.
Comentários e Gabarito D
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO :
According to the text, what is the CORRECT statement?
A) Mars and Earth have the same tectonic plates.
Marte e a Terra têm as mesmas placas tectónicas.
B) Mars and Earth are red planets.
Marte e a Terra são planetas vermelhos.
C) Mars and Earth support the human race.
Marte e a Terra apoiam a raça humana.
D) Mars and Earth have water.
Marte e a Terra têm água.
50 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2016) Choose and mark the CORRECT statement:
A) Mars is home to both the highest mountain and the deepest longest valley in the solar system.
B) Mars experienced the least known floods in the solar system.
C) Mars does not belong to the solar system.
D) Mars has two big moons that could not fit into Arizona's Grand Canyon.
Comentários e Gabarito A
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO :
Choose and mark the CORRECT statement:
A) Mars is home to both the highest mountain and the deepest longest valley in the solar system.
Marte é o lar da montanha mais alta e do vale mais longo e profundo do sistema solar.
B) Mars experienced the least known floods in the solar system.
Marte sofreu as inundações menos conhecidas no sistema solar.
C) Mars does not belong to the solar system.
Marte não pertence ao sistema solar.
D) Mars has two big moons that could not fit into Arizona's Grand Canyon.
Marte tem duas grandes luas que não caberiam no Grand Canyon do Arizona.
51 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2016) In the 1st paragraph "its" refers to
(A) the planets.
(B) Mars.
(C) Earth.
(D) none of them.
Comentários e Gabarito B
TÓPICO - "ADJETIVO POSSESSIVO" E O ELEMENTO REFERENCIADO :
- Mars is a small rocky body once thought to be very Earthlike. Like the other terrestrial planets -Mercury, Venus, and Earth - its surface has been changed by volcanism, impacts from other bodies, movements of its crust, and atmospheric effects such as dust storms.
- Marte é um pequeno corpo rochoso que já foi considerado muito semelhante à Terra. Tal como os outros planetas terrestres - Mercúrio, Vénus e Terra - a sua superfície foi alterada pelo vulcanismo, impactos de outros corpos, movimentos da sua crosta e efeitos atmosféricos, como tempestades de poeira.
- "ITS" é um adjetivo possessivo que qualifica o substantivo "surface" e faz referência ao substantivo "Mars".
In the 1st paragraph "its" refers to
A) the planets.
B) Mars.
C) Earth.
D) none of them.
52 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2016) In the sentence
- “Mars has some remarkable geological characteristics, including the largest volcanic mountain in the solar system,”
each pair of the underlined words are grammatically classified as
A) adverb and adjective.
B) adjective and noun.
C) noun and adjective.
D) noun and adverb.
Comentários e Gabarito B
TÓPICO - NOUN PHRASES ("Adjective + Noun") :
- “Mars has some remarkable geological characteristics, including the largest volcanic mountain in the solar system,”
- “Marte tem algumas características geológicas notáveis, incluindo a maior montanha vulcânica do sistema solar,”
each pair of the underlined words are grammatically classified as
A) adverb and adjective.
B) adjective and noun.
C) noun and adjective.
D) noun and adverb.
53 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2016) In the sentence
- “...Arizona's Grand Canyon could easily fit into one of the side canyons of this great chasm”,
the word "chasm" means
A) closure.
B) union.
C) abysm.
D) juncture.
Comentários e Gabarito C
TÓPICOS - "CHASM" & "ABYSM" :
- “...Arizona's Grand Canyon could easily fit into one of the side canyons of this great chasm”,
- “...O Grand Canyon do Arizona poderia facilmente caber num dos desfiladeiros laterais deste grande abismo”,
the word "chasm" means
A) closure. fechamento.
B) union. união.
C) abysm. abismo.
D) juncture. conjuntura.
54 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2016) The synonym of the word engulf in the 3rd paragraph is
A) uncover.
B) develop.
C) swallow up.
D) come up.
Comentários e Gabarito C
TÓPICO - "TO ENGULF" & "TO SWALLOW" :
- "[...] Periodically, great dust storms engulf the entire planet."
- Periodicamente, grandes tempestades de poeira envolvem todo o planeta.
The synonym of the word engulf in the 3rd paragraph is
A) uncover. descobre.
B) develop. desenvolve.
C) swallow up. engoli.
D) come up. sobe.
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