INTERPRETAÇÃO DE TEXTO - ESPCEX-2021 - INGLÊS - Resolução da QUESTÃO 48 - Texto: Lockdown named 2020’s word of the year by Collins Dictionary.

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ESCOLA PREPARATÓRIA DE CADETES DO EXÉRCITO-ESPCEX-2021-PROVA (Modelo D) - QUESTÃO 48.

 Lockdown Named 2020’s Word of the Year by Collins Dictionary

Lockdown, the noun that has come to define so many lives across the world in 2020, has been named word of the year by Collins Dictionary. Lockdown is defined by Collins as “the imposition of stringent restrictions on travel, social interaction, and access to public spaces”. 

Adapted from https://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/nov/10/lockdown-named-word-of-the-year-by-collins-dictionary

48 – (EsPCEx-CADETE-2021)

Lockdown is defined by Collins as “the imposition of stringent restrictions on travel, social interaction, and access to public spaces” (paragraph 1).

Choose another possible definition for lockdown.

[A] The ability to do something very dangerous, or to face great pain or opposition when necessary.

[B] A document or statement that does not officially represent regular or current government policy.

[C] A section of a large public or private organization such as a government, business, university, etc.

[D] An official order to control the movement of people or vehicles because of a dangerous situation.

[E] A common disease that causes a high temperature and small red spots that cover the body. 

Resposta:  D

 -Questão sobre READING COMPREHENSION / VOCABULARY:

 PARTE 1 – Antes de resolver a questão:

 1) imposition (noun) - a introdução de uma nova lei, imposto, regra ou punição:

§  MEANING  (1) - the introduction of a new law, tax, rule, or punishment:

§ The imposition of new taxes. [Cambridge Dictionary]

§ This culminated in the imposition of far-reaching controls.[Longman Dictionary]

§  MEANING  (2) – inconvenience (inconveniência, incômodo)

§ I know it’s an imposition, but could I use your bathroom? [Longman Dictionary] 

2) stringent restrictions (noun phrase)→ restrições rigorosas.

3) restriction  (noun) → restrição, ação de restringir, de impor limites a.

§ import/speed/travel restrictions. [Oxford Dictionary]

§  The government has agreed to lift restrictions on press freedom. [Oxford Dictionary]

4) stringent (adjective) → muito rigoroso, muito limitante e que deve ser obedecido.

§  MEANING - very strict and that must be obeyed, being extremely limiting.

§  Stringent safety regulations were introduced after the accident. [Cambridge Dictionary]

§  Licences are only granted under the most stringent conditions. [Oxford Dictionary]

PARTE 2 – A QUESTÃO:

Choose another possible definition for lockdown.

[Escolha outra definição possível para lockdown.]

[A] The ability to do something very dangerous, or to face great pain or opposition when necessary.

[A capacidade de fazer algo muito perigoso, ou enfrentar grande dor ou oposição quando necessário.] 

[B] A document or statement that does not officially represent regular or current government policy.

[Um documento ou declaração que não representa oficialmente a política regular ou atual do governo.] 

[C] A section of a large public or private organization such as a government, business, university, etc.

[Uma seção de uma grande organização pública ou privada, como governo, empresa, universidade, etc.]

[D] An official order to control the movement of people or vehicles because of a dangerous situation.

[Uma ordem oficial para controlar o movimento de pessoas ou veículos devido a uma situação perigosa.]

[E] A common disease that causes a high temperature and small red spots that cover the body.

[Uma doença comum que causa alta temperatura e pequenas manchas vermelhas que cobrem o corpo.]

PARTE 3 - RESOLUÇÃO:

 -SENTENÇA: Lockdown is defined by Collins as “the imposition of stringent restrictions on travel, social interaction, and access to public spaces.

§  IDEIA –  A palavra LOCKDOWN (definida como “THE IMPOSITION OF ...”) transmite contextualmente a ideia de “A INTRODUÇÃO DE UMA NOVA LEI, DE UMA NOVA REGRA OU ORDEM” com o objetivo de controlar o movimento de pessoas(restrictions on social interaction) ou veículos (restrictions on travel) .

§  “Lockdown” é → An imposition, an order to control the movement of people or vehicles.

§  “Lockdown” não é:

§  “The ability to do something very dangerous” (CAPACIDADE),

§  “A document or statement” (DOCUMENTO),

§  “A section of a large public or private organization” (SEÇÃO DE EMPRESA).

§  “A common disease” (DOENÇA).

PARTE 4 - GABARITO – [D]

§[D] An official order to control the movement of people or vehicles because of a dangerous situation.