FSADU – 2007 – PMSL/MA – SEMED - PROFESSOR – LÍNGUA INGLESA – CONCURSO PÚBLICO – SECRETARIA MUNICIPAL DE EDUCAÇÃO DE SÃO LUÍS/MA – PROVA COM GABARITO.

Welcome back to another post!

➧ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: FSADU–2007-PMSL/MA–PROFESSOR–LÍNGUA INGLESA.

➧ BANCA/ORGANIZADOR: Fundação Sousândrade de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento da UFMA  - www.fsadu.org.br/

➧ VOCABULÁRIO:

• a sharp increase - um aumento acentuado.
• an emergency cabinet meeting - uma reunião ministerial de emergência.
• businesses - empresas.
• cattle raising - criação de gado.
• crop planting - plantio de lavouras.
• deforested land - terras desmatadas.
• emergency measures - medidas de emergência.
• deforestation (= illegal clearing) - desmatamento.
• Environment Minister - A ministra do Meio Ambiente.
• farmers and cattle ranchers - fazendeiros e pecuaristas.
• fines - multas.
• illegal logging - extração ilegal de madeira.
• land ownership - propriedade da terra.
• rainforest - floresta tropical.
• raw materials - matérias-primas.
• rising prices - aumento dos preços.
• the steps (= the measures) - as medidas.
• to deploy - mobilizar.
• to spur - induzir, estimular.
• to vow (= to promise) - prometer.

➧ GABARITO:

01-A, 02-E, 03-E, 04-B, 05-C

06-A, 07-E, 08-C, 09-B, 10-A

11-E, 12-D, 13-C, 14-D, 15-B

16-D, 17-B, 18-A, 19-E, 20-C

➧ TEXT I:

Brazil vows to stem Amazon loss

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7207803.stm

Brazil has agreed emergency measures to stem deforestation as government figures revealed a sharp increase in the rate of clearings in the Amazon.

The steps were announced after an emergency cabinet meeting chaired by President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva. The measures include sending extra federal police and environmental agents to stop farmers and cattle ranchers illegally felling any more rainforest. In the last five months of 2007, 3,235 sq km (1,250 sq miles) were lost.

Environment Minister Marina Silva said environmental agents and police would be deployed around 36 cities and towns where illegal clearing jumped dramatically last year.

People or businesses who buy anything produced on the deforested land could face fines, she said.

The plan involves a 25% rise in the police force assigned to the region.

The authorities will also monitor areas of deforestation, with the aim of stopping crop planting and cattle raising there.

Rising prices of raw materials and commodities could be spurring the rate of forest clearing, the environment minister said.

The state of Mato Grosso was the worst affected by the sharp rise in deforestation, contributing more than half the total area of forest stripped. The states of Para and Rondonia were also badly hit.

Gilberto Camara, of satellite imaging institute INPE, said: "We've never before detected such a high deforestation rate at this time of year."

The environment ministry said the estimate for deforestation between August and December last year could more than double as detailed satellite images are analysed.

The total area affected could be as high as 7,000 sq km, it said. The latest figures will be an embarrassment for the Brazilian president, says the BBC's Americas editor, Warren Bull.

Last year, President Lula said his government's efforts to control illegal logging and introduce better certification of land ownership had helped reduce forest clearing significantly.

Text downloaded in January/08 and slightly modified

01 – (FSADU-2007-PMSL/MA-SEMED-PROFESSOR)

According to the text one can say that:

a) The most affected states by clearings are located in the North and Middle West regions.

b) Only three states in Brazil are affected by deforestation.

c) The government is neglecting measures to avoid clearings.

d) Nothing has been done to stop logging and cattle raising.

e) The loss of rainforest can be compared to the ones in other countries.

02 – (FSADU-2007-PMSL/MA-SEMED-PROFESSOR)

Based on the text above, one can say that:

1. Brazil’s started three actions in order to fight crop planting only;

2. Brazil’s deployed stem but two actions in order to rising prices of raw materials;

3. Brazil’s never stemmed deforestation

4. Brazil’s started three fundamental actions in order to stem deforestation.

a) Only 3 is correct

b) Only 1, 2, and 4 are correct

c) Only 1, 2, and 3 are correct

d) Only 1 is correct

e) Only 4 is correct

03 – (FSADU-2007-PMSL/MA-SEMED-PROFESSOR)

In which option the final phonemes of all words have the same sound?

a) detected / detailed /deforested / analysed

b) agreed / revealed / analysed / deforested

c) deployed / stripped / produced /revealed

d) assigned / affected / helped / detailed

e) announced / stripped / jumped / produced

04 – (FSADU-2007-PMSL/MA-SEMED-PROFESSOR)

Choose the option with the right morphologic classification of the underlined words according to their order of appearance:

1. “Environment minister Marina… around 36 cities and towns where illegal clearing jumped dramatically…”

2. “The state of Mato Grosso was the worst affected by the sharp rise in deforestation…“

3. “The environment ministry ... December last year could more than double as detailed…”

a) adjective / adjective / numeral

b) noun /verb / verb

c) verb / adjective / numeral

d) verb / verb / verb

e) noun /adjective / noun

05 – (FSADU-2007-PMSL/MA-SEMED-PROFESSOR)

The translation of the word figures (line 2) into Portuguese is:

a) figuras

b) representantes

c) números

d) imagens

e) pesquisas

06 – (FSADU-2007-PMSL/MA-SEMED-PROFESSOR)

A synonym for forest deforestation is:

a) forest clearing

b) rainforest

c) forest invasion

d) forest cattle

e) affected forest

07 – (FSADU-2007-PMSL/MA-SEMED-PROFESSOR)

The suitable tag question for the sentence

“We’ve never before detected such a high deforestation rate at this time of year, ________.” (lines 30 and 31)

is:

a) haven’t ever detected?

b) haven’t we

c) have never we?

d) have we detected?

e) have we?

08 – (FSADU-2007-PMSL/MA-SEMED-PROFESSOR)

Complete only one of the following sentences, using the expression “FACE FINES” (line 16).

a) If you decide to plant in the Amazon, under government supervision you ___________.

b) If you cross the street on pedestrian ways you can __________.

c) If you drive through red traffic light you can ______________.

d) If you correctly pay your income taxes you ________________.

e) If you never deforest you _____________.

09 – (FSADU-2007-PMSL/MA-SEMED-PROFESSOR)

The word “as” in the sentence

“Brazil has agreed … as government figures… in the Amazon.” (lines 1, 2, and 3)

can be substituted by:

a) as for

b) when

c) as if

d) as to

e) as though

10 – (FSADU-2007-PMSL/MA-SEMED-PROFESSOR)

In

“illegally felling any more rainforest”

felling can be substituted by:

a) cutting down

b) touching

c) defeating

d) decreasing

e) increasing

➧ TEXT II: Instructions: Read through the text, answer the questions that follow.

The hardest language 

http://www.usingenglish.com/comprehension/5html

People often ask which is the most difficult language to learn, and it is not easy to answer because there are many factors to take into consideration. Firstly, in a first language the differences are unimportant as people learn their mother tongue naturally, so the question of how hard a language is to learn is only relevant when learning a second language.

A native speaker of Spanish, for example, will find Portuguese much easier to learn than a native speaker of Chinese, because Portuguese is very similar to Spanish, while Chinese is very different, so first language can affect learning a second language. The greater the differences between the second language and our first, the harder it will be for most people to learn. Many people answer that Chinese is the hardest language to learn, possibly influenced by the thought of learning the Chinese writing system, and the pronunciation of Chinese does appear to be very difficult for many foreign learners. However, for Japanese speakers, who already use Chinese characters in their own language, learning writing will be less difficult than for speakers of languages using the Roman alphabet.

Some people seem to learn languages readily, while others find it very difficult. Teachers and the circumstances in which the language is learned also play an important role, as well as each learner's motivation for learning. If people learn a language because they need to use it professionally, they often learn it faster than people studying a language that has no direct use in their day to day life. No language is easy to learn well, though languages which are related to our first language are easier. Learning a completely different writing system is a huge challenge, but that does not necessarily make a language more difficult than another. In the end, it is impossible to say that there is one language that is the most difficult language in the world.

Text downloaded in January/08 and slightly modified

11 – (FSADU-2007-PMSL/MA-SEMED-PROFESSOR)

Check the alternative that is true according to the text.

a) The question of how hard a language is to learn is relevant to both first and second language acquisition.

b) Hungarian is the hardest language in the world.

c) Portuguese is definitely easier than Chinese.

d) The writer thinks that learning new writing systems is easy.

e) A Japanese speaker may well find the Chinese writing system easier than a speaker of a European language.

12 – (FSADU-2007-PMSL/MA-SEMED-PROFESSOR)

The word readily in

“Some people seem to learn languages readily…”

can be replaced by:

a) wrongly

b) hardly

c) gladly

d) promptly

e) regularly

13 – (FSADU-2007-PMSL/MA-SEMED-PROFESSOR)

According to the text it is true to say that first language can affect learning a second language when…

a) the students have no direct use of the language they are learning.

b) the teachers are good because they play the most important part in the whole process.

c) the greater the similarities between the second language and our first, the easier it will be.

d) the students study very hardly the language system they are learning.

e) the differences have no importance.

14 – (FSADU-2007-PMSL/MA-SEMED-PROFESSOR)

Check the alternative where you identify only discourse markers of the above text.

a) very; greater, however.

b) easy, related, readily.

c) which, also, they.

d) because, so, while.

e) harder, many, for.

15 – (FSADU-2007-PMSL/MA-SEMED-PROFESSOR)

In

“Some people seem to learn languages readily, while others find it very difficult.”

The pronoun it refers to…

a) find

b) to learn

c) difficult

d) some people

e) languages

16 – (FSADU-2007-PMSL/MA-SEMED-PROFESSOR)

In

“… first language can affect learning a second language.”

the modal verb can gives an idea of:

a) suggestion

b) ability

c) permission

d) possibility

e) obligation

17 – (FSADU-2007-PMSL/MA-SEMED-PROFESSOR)

Check the alternative that defines the underlined word in the following sentence according to the context:

“…for Japanese speakers, who already use Chinese characters in their own language…”

a) A person in a novel.

b) A letter or sign that you use when printing.

c) Good opinion that people have of others.

d) Strong personal qualities.

e) Qualities that make people or things interesting.

18 – (FSADU-2007-PMSL/MA-SEMED-PROFESSOR)

In

“…for Japanese speakers, who already use Chinese characters in their own language…”

the conjunction who is used to introduce…

a) an adjective clause used for persons.

b) an adjective clause used for things.

c) a noun clause.

d) an adverb clause of purpose.

e) an adverb clause of condition.

19 – (FSADU-2007-PMSL/MA-SEMED-PROFESSOR)

Check the alternative where the wh word means time:

a) whoever

b) which

c) where

d) who

e) when

20 – (FSADU-2007-PMSL/MA-SEMED-PROFESSOR)

In

“Learning a completely different writing system is a huge challenge…”

the word huge functions as a…

a) pronoun

b) noun

c) modifier

d) adverb

e) preposition