www.inglesparaconcursos.blog.br
❑ PROVA DE LĂNGUA INGLESA:
❑ ESTRUTURA-TPS-TESTE DE PRĂ-SELEĂĂO:
- 04 True False Questions / 4 Options Each Question.
- 08 Multiple Choice Questions / 5 Options Each Question.
- Texto (1) – | The sea of faith |
- Texto (2) – | History digs up the dirt on Martin Luther. |
- Texto (3) – | Germany loses revs |
❑ TEXTO 1:
Fundamentalism has one interesting insight. O fundamentalismo tem uma visĂŁo interessante.
It perceives the science-based, libertarian, humanist culture of the modern era as being itself a kind of new religion — and its deadly enemy. Ele percebe a cultura da humanista, libertĂĄria e baseada na ciĂȘncia da era moderna, como sendo ela prĂłpria uma espĂ©cie de nova religiĂŁo – e seu inimigo mortal.
We fail to see this because we are immersed in it, it dominates more than nine-tenths of our lives, and it is so amorphous. Não conseguimos perceber isso porque estamos imersos nele, ele domina mais de nove décimos de nossas vidas e é muito amorfo.
It has no officially recognised scriptures, creeds, prophets or organisation. Não possui escrituras, credos, profetas ou organização oficialmente reconhecidos.
Rather, it is a loose coalition of many different forces, kept on the move and in constant self-criticism and self-correction by an active and striving ethic derived from Protestantism. Pelo contrĂĄrio, Ă© uma coligação frouxa de muitas forças diferentes, mantidas em movimento e em constante autocrĂtica e autocorreção por uma Ă©tica ativa e esforçada derivada do protestantismo.
So far as this new faith — if that is what it is — has theologians, priests and prophets, they are, respectively, the scientists and scholars whose business it is to criticise and increase knowledge, the artists who refine our perceptions and open up new life-possibilities, and the armies of idealistic campaigners who urge us to become active in hundreds of good causes. Se esta nova fĂ© - se Ă© que Ă© isso que ela Ă© - tem teĂłlogos, sacerdotes e profetas, eles sĂŁo, respetivamente, os cientistas e os acadĂȘmicos cuja função Ă© criticar e aumentar o conhecimento, os artistas que refinam as nossas percepçÔes e abrem novas possibilidades de vida, e os exĂ©rcitos de ativistas idealistas que nos exortam a tornarmo-nos ativos em centenas de boas causas.
So seductive and compelling is this new faith that it is somehow impossible to avoid adopting its language and its way of thinking. Esta nova fĂ© Ă© tĂŁo sedutora e convincente que Ă© impossĂvel nĂŁo adotar a sua linguagem e o seu modo de pensar.
They are everywhere, and irresistible. EstĂŁo por todo o lado e sĂŁo irresistĂveis.
That is what makes it like a religion: once we are in the midst of it and do not appreciate how strong and distinctive a flavour it has, we are largely unaware of its awesome, unstoppable, disruptive evangelistic power. Ă isso que a torna semelhante a uma religiĂŁo: uma vez que estamos no meio dela e nĂŁo apreciamos o seu sabor forte e distinto, nĂŁo nos apercebemos, em grande medida, do seu poder evangelĂstico espantoso, imparĂĄvel e perturbador.
Don Cuppitt. The sea of faith (O mar da fé). Londres: British Broadcasting Corporation, 1985, p. 181 (adaptado).
It can be concluded from the text that
(A) fundamentalism is more intuitively perceptive than secular culture.
(B) scientists and scholars act the same way as theologians, priests and prophets.
(C) idealism compels people to join good causes.
(D) modern humanist culture is subliminally pervasive.
(E) Protestantism is the backbone of modern humanist culture.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito D
Pode-se concluir pelo texto que
(A) fundamentalism is more intuitively perceptive than secular culture. o fundamentalismo Ă© mais intuitivamente perceptivo do que a cultura secular.
(B) scientists and scholars act the same way as theologians, priests and prophets. cientistas e estudiosos agem da mesma forma que teĂłlogos, sacerdotes e profetas.
(C) idealism compels people to join good causes. o idealismo obriga as pessoas a aderirem a boas causas.
(B) scientists and scholars act the same way as theologians, priests and prophets. cientistas e estudiosos agem da mesma forma que teĂłlogos, sacerdotes e profetas.
(C) idealism compels people to join good causes. o idealismo obriga as pessoas a aderirem a boas causas.
(D) modern humanist culture is subliminally pervasive. a cultura humanista moderna Ă© subliminarmente difundida.
(E) Protestantism is the backbone of modern humanist culture. O protestantismo Ă© a espinha dorsal da cultura humanista moderna.➭ TRECHO:
• [...] They are everywhere, and irresistible. That is what makes it like a religion: once we are in the midst of it and do not appreciate how strong and distinctive a flavour it has, we are largely unaware of its awesome, unstoppable, disruptive evangelistic power. EstĂŁo por todo o lado e sĂŁo irresistĂveis. Ă isso que a torna semelhante a uma religiĂŁo: uma vez que estamos no meio dela e nĂŁo apreciamos o seu sabor forte e distinto, nĂŁo nos apercebemos, em grande medida, do seu poder evangelĂstico espantoso, imparĂĄvel e perturbador.
41. (CESPE/UnB/2009-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ÂȘ FASE)
Judge — right (C) or wrong (E) — the following items with reference to the text.
(1) The pronoun “its” (R.4) refers to “humanist culture” (R.2-3).
(2) The word "Rather" (R.8) means more or less.
(3) In context, the expression "So far as" (R.12) means as though.
(4) The word “business” (R.15) could be appropriately replaced by concern.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito EEEC
42. (CESPE/UnB/2009-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ÂȘ FASE)
Indicate which of the following words or phrases would not be an appropriate synonym for the word "once" in the phrase "once we are in the midst of it" (L.24).
(A) because
(B) since
(C) whenever
(D) as
(E) inasmuch as
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito C
Indicate which of the following words or phrases would not be an appropriate synonym for the word "once" in the phrase "once we are in the midst of it" (L.24).
Indique quais das seguintes palavras ou frases nĂŁo seriam um sinĂŽnimo apropriado para a palavra "once"(uma vez) na frase "once we are in the midst of it"(uma vez que estejamos no meio disso).
(A) because (porque)
(B) since (desde que, jĂĄ que, porque)
(C) whenever (sempre que, toda vez que)
(D) as (porque, pois, quando, como)
(E) inasmuch as (jĂĄ que, porque)
(C) whenever (sempre que, toda vez que)
(D) as (porque, pois, quando, como)
(E) inasmuch as (jĂĄ que, porque)
➭ BECAUSE - AS - SINCE - INASMUCH AS (SĂŁo vocĂĄbulos sinĂŽnimos).
• You can go first as you're the oldest. VocĂȘ pode ir primeiro porque Ă© o mais velho. (AS = BECAUSE)
• They couldn’t deliver the parcel since no one was there to answer the door. Eles nĂŁo puderam entregar o pacote porque nĂŁo havia ninguĂ©m para atender a porta. (SINCE = BECAUSE)
• It would not be true to say he had retired from this firm, inasmuch as he still does a certain amount of work for us. NĂŁo seria verdade dizer que ele se aposentou desta empresa, visto que ainda faz alguns trabalhos para nĂłs. (INASMUCH AS = BECAUSE)
43. (CESPE/UnB/2009-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ÂȘ FASE)
In the phrase “That is what makes it like a religion” (L.23-24),
the word “That” refers to
(A) the language and way of thinking being everywhere.
(B) the fact that one cannot avoid adopting its language and rationale.
(C) the pervasiveness of modern humanist culture.
(D) the seductiveness of science-based thinking.
(E) the ubiquitousness of the new faith.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito B
• "That” refers to the fact that one cannot avoid adopting its language and rationale. “That” refere-se ao facto de que nĂŁo se pode evitar a adoção da sua linguagem e lĂłgica.
➭ TRECHO:
• [...] So seductive and compelling is this new faith that it is somehow impossible to avoid adopting its language and its way of thinking. They are everywhere, and irresistible. That is what makes it like a religion: once we are in the midst of it and do not appreciate how strong and distinctive a flavour it has, we are largely unaware of its awesome, unstoppable, disruptive evangelistic power. Esta nova fĂ© Ă© tĂŁo sedutora e convincente que Ă© impossĂvel nĂŁo adotar a sua linguagem e o seu modo de pensar. EstĂŁo por todo o lado e sĂŁo irresistĂveis. Ă isso que a torna semelhante a uma religiĂŁo: uma vez que estamos no meio dela e nĂŁo apreciamos o seu sabor forte e distinto, nĂŁo nos apercebemos, em grande medida, do seu poder evangelĂstico espantoso, imparĂĄvel e perturbador.
❑ TEXTO 2: This text refers to questions 44 to 47.
German scientists have reconstructed an extraordinarily detailed picture of the domestic life of Martin Luther, the 16th-century reformer and father of Protestantism, by trawling through his household waste uncovered during archaeological digs on sites where he used to live. Cientistas alemĂŁes reconstruĂram um quadro extraordinariamente detalhado da vida domĂ©stica de Martinho Lutero, o reformador do sĂ©culo XVI e pai do protestantismo, vasculhando o lixo domĂ©stico descoberto durante escavaçÔes arqueolĂłgicas nos locais onde ele morava.
Despite the widespread belief that Luther lived in poverty, evidence suggests he was a well-fed man — weighing in at a hefty 150 kg when he died in 1546 at the age of 63. Apesar da crença generalizada de que Lutero vivia na pobreza, as evidĂȘncias sugerem que ele era um homem bem alimentado – pesando 150 kg quando morreu em 1546, aos 63 anos.
Even Luther's claim that he came from humble circumstances has been dismissed. Até mesmo a afirmação de Lutero de que ele veio de circunstùncias humildes foi rejeitada.
New evidence has shown that his father owned land and a copper mill besides lending money for interest. Novas evidĂȘncias mostram que seu pai possuĂa terras e uma usina de cobre, alĂ©m de emprestar dinheiro a juros.
His mother meanwhile was born into an upper middle class family and it is unlikely, as Luther suggested, that she "carried all her wood on her back". Sua mĂŁe, entretanto, nasceu em uma famĂlia de classe mĂ©dia alta e Ă© improvĂĄvel, como sugeriu Lutero, que ela "carregasse toda a madeira nas costas".
Extensive research carried out at the family home in Wittenberg showed that Luther wrote his celebrated texts with goose quills under lamps lit by animal fat, in a heated room which overlooked the River Elbe. Extensas pesquisas realizadas na casa da famĂlia em Wittenberg mostraram que Lutero escrevia seus cĂ©lebres textos com penas de ganso sob lĂąmpadas iluminadas por gordura animal, numa sala aquecida com vista para o rio Elba.
It obviously suited him because he churned out 1,800 pages a year. It debunks something of the Luther myth to know he wrote the 95 theses on a stone toilet, which was dug up in 2004. Obviamente combinava com ele porque ele produzia 1.800 pĂĄginas por ano. Desmascara algo do mito de Lutero saber que ele escreveu as 95 teses numa privada de pedra, que foi desenterrada em 2004.
But the claim by historians which will arguably be most upsetting for followers is the recently uncovered written evidence that it was not, as thought, a lightning bolt which led to the then 21-year-old's spontaneous declaration he wanted to become a monk. Mas a afirmação dos historiadores que serĂĄ provavelmente mais perturbadora para os seguidores Ă© a evidĂȘncia escrita recentemente descoberta de que nĂŁo foi, como se pensava, um raio que levou Ă declaração espontĂąnea do entĂŁo jovem de 21 anos de que queria tornar-se monge.
Rather, it was his desperation to escape an impending arranged marriage. Em vez disso, era o seu desespero para escapar de um casamento arranjado iminente.
Kate Connolly. A HistĂłria desenterra os podres de Martinho Lutero, In: The Guardian, segunda-feira, 27 de outubro de 2008. Internet: <www.guardian.co.uk> (adaptado).
According to the text, recent archaeological finds
(A) have supplemented and adjusted the portrait of Luther.
(B) have revealed that Luther was not truly religious.
(C) have perturbed Lutherans’ beliefs.
(D) have proven that Luther misrepresented his parents’ financial status.
(E) date back to the year 2004.
(B) have revealed that Luther was not truly religious.
(C) have perturbed Lutherans’ beliefs.
(D) have proven that Luther misrepresented his parents’ financial status.
(E) date back to the year 2004.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito A
Segundo o texto, achados arqueolĂłgicos recentes
(A) have supplemented and adjusted the portrait of Luther. complementaram e ajustaram o retrato de Lutero.
(B) have revealed that Luther was not truly religious. revelaram que Lutero nĂŁo era verdadeiramente religioso.
(C) have perturbed Lutherans’ beliefs. perturbaram as crenças dos luteranos.
(D) have proven that Luther misrepresented his parents’ financial status. provaram que Lutero deturpou a situação financeira de seus pais.
(E) date back to the year 2004. datam do ano de 2004.
(B) have revealed that Luther was not truly religious. revelaram que Lutero nĂŁo era verdadeiramente religioso.
(C) have perturbed Lutherans’ beliefs. perturbaram as crenças dos luteranos.
(D) have proven that Luther misrepresented his parents’ financial status. provaram que Lutero deturpou a situação financeira de seus pais.
(E) date back to the year 2004. datam do ano de 2004.
45. (CESPE/UnB/2009-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ÂȘ FASE)
(A) Luther’s weight belies his supposed poverty.
(B) Luther’s parents were relatively well-off.
(C) Luther lived in reasonable comfort at his home in Wittenberg.
(D) Luther’s religious calling was not genuine.
(E) Luther’s mother probably did not carry “all her wood on her back”.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito D
46. (CESPE/UnB/2009-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ÂȘ FASE)
(A) a noun referring to excavation.
(B) a noun referring to accommodation.
(C) a verb referring to mocking.
(D) a verb referring to accommodation.
(E) part of an adjectival phrase qualifying sites.
(B) a noun referring to accommodation.
(C) a verb referring to mocking.
(D) a verb referring to accommodation.
(E) part of an adjectival phrase qualifying sites.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito A
47. (CESPE/UnB/2009-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ÂȘ FASE)
(1) The aim of describing Luther as “weighing in at a hefty 150 kg when he died” (L.9) is to suggest a humorous comparison with a heavy-weight boxer.
(2) The phrase “churned out 1,800 pages a year” (L.23) suggests that Luther was a careless writer.
(3) Luther’s father indulged in usury.
(4) The reference to a “lightning bolt” (L.30) was meant to allude to putative divine intervention in Luther’s calling.
(2) The phrase “churned out 1,800 pages a year” (L.23) suggests that Luther was a careless writer.
(3) Luther’s father indulged in usury.
(4) The reference to a “lightning bolt” (L.30) was meant to allude to putative divine intervention in Luther’s calling.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito CECC
❑ TEXTO 3: This text refers to questions 48 to 51.
It's cold and early and Detlef Fendt repeats a morning ritual, heaving himself onto the side of his 28-year-old BMW motorbike and jumping with all his might on the kick-start. Estå frio e é cedo e Detlef Fendt repete um ritual matinal, colocando-se na lateral da sua moto BMW de 28 anos e saltando com toda a força no arranque.
It takes a few goes, but eventually the bike roars into life. Demora algumas tentativas, mas finalmente a moto ganha vida.
After all, this is the sort of solid reliable machine that makes German goods a household name for quality. Afinal, este Ă© o tipo de mĂĄquina sĂłlida e confiĂĄvel que faz dos produtos alemĂŁes um nome familiar em termos de qualidade.
It's that good name that means Germany is the world's top exporter. China may take the title soon, but for the moment Germany is still a world-beater. Ă esse bom nome que significa que a Alemanha Ă© o maior exportador mundial. A China pode conquistar o tĂtulo em breve, mas por enquanto a Alemanha ainda Ă© a campeĂŁ mundial.
Detlef is part of that success story. A Detlef faz parte dessa histĂłria de sucesso.
For the last 40 years he's made machine tools for Daimler cars at the Berlin plant. Nos Ășltimos 40 anos ele fabricou mĂĄquinas-ferramentas para carros Daimler na fĂĄbrica de Berlim.
He started work when he was 16 and is now the plant's main union representative for IG Metall. Começou a trabalhar aos 16 anos e hoje é o principal representante sindical da IG Metall na fåbrica.
But this year, thanks to the world credit crunch, he'll be getting an unwanted seasonal break from his early morning ritual. Mas este ano, graças à crise de crédito mundial, ele terå uma pausa sazonal indesejada no seu ritual matinal.
The plant is closing down for an extra-long Christmas break, from mid-December to mid-January, because of falling orders. A fĂĄbrica estĂĄ fechando para um feriado extra-longo de Natal, de meados de dezembro a meados de janeiro, devido Ă queda nos pedidos.
He tells me: "At the moment we are in a distribution crisis — the automobile industry is not 22 selling enough cars and lorries”. Ele me diz: “Neste momento estamos numa crise de distribuição – a indĂșstria automĂłvel nĂŁo estĂĄ a vender carros e camiĂ”es suficientes”.
Consumer confidence was dented in Germany long before the credit crunch, and despite his union's recent deal it is not returning. A confiança do consumidor estava abalada na Alemanha muito antes da crise de crédito e, apesar do recente acordo do seu sindicato, não estå a regressar.
Germany is now in recession and the figures have been worse than economists were predicting. A Alemanha estĂĄ agora em recessĂŁo e os nĂșmeros tĂȘm sido piores do que os economistas previam
Equally bad statistics for the whole of the European Union are expected today. Esperam-se hoje estatĂsticas igualmente mĂĄs para toda a UniĂŁo Europeia.
While consumers in America feel cowed, while Asia is jittery, the rest of Europe watches fearfully as the biggest economy in Europe continues to shrink. Enquanto os consumidores na AmĂ©rica se sentem intimidados, enquanto a Ăsia estĂĄ nervosa, o resto da Europa observa com medo enquanto a maior economia da Europa continua a encolher.
Mark Mardell. A Alemanha perde rotaçÔes.
BBC World News. At: <www.bbc.co.uk> (adapted).
48. (CESPE/UnB/2009-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ÂȘ FASE)
(1) Fendt’s motorbike starts up immediately because it is a reliable machine.
(2) German manufactures are renowned for their quality and durability.
(3) Fendt is being made redundant.
(4) IG Metall is a subsidiary of BMW.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito ECEE
Com base no texto, julgue — certo (C) ou errado (E) — os seguintes itens.
(1) Fendt’s motorbike starts up immediately because it is a reliable machine. A moto de Fendt dĂĄ partida imediatamente porque Ă© uma mĂĄquina confiĂĄvel.
(2) German manufactures are renowned for their quality and durability. Os fabricantes alemĂŁes sĂŁo conhecidos pela sua qualidade e durabilidade.
(3) Fendt is being made redundant. Fendt estĂĄ sendo despedido.
(4) IG Metall is a subsidiary of BMW. A IG Metall Ă© uma filial da BMW.
(2) German manufactures are renowned for their quality and durability. Os fabricantes alemĂŁes sĂŁo conhecidos pela sua qualidade e durabilidade.
(3) Fendt is being made redundant. Fendt estĂĄ sendo despedido.
(4) IG Metall is a subsidiary of BMW. A IG Metall Ă© uma filial da BMW.
49. (CESPE/UnB/2009-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ÂȘ FASE)
Judge — right (C) or wrong (E) — the following items with reference to the text.
(1) In context, the phrase “household name” (L.7) could be appropriately replaced by synonym.
(2) "After all" (L.5) is equivalent to Eventually.
(3) The Berlin factory is closing temporarily owing to a slump in demand.
(4) The word "dented" (L.23) suggests an acute effect.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito CECE
(1) In context, the phrase “household name” (L.7) could be appropriately replaced by synonym. No contexto, a expressĂŁo “nome do agregado familiar” (L.7) poderia ser apropriadamente substituĂda por sinĂŽnimo.
(2) "After all" (L.5) is equivalent to Eventually. “Afinal” (L.5) Ă© equivalente a Finalmente.
(2) "After all" (L.5) is equivalent to Eventually. “Afinal” (L.5) Ă© equivalente a Finalmente.
(3) The Berlin factory is closing temporarily owing to a slump in demand. A fĂĄbrica de Berlim estĂĄ a encerrar temporariamente devido Ă queda na procura.
(4) The word "dented" (L.23) suggests an acute effect. A palavra “amassado” (L.23) sugere um efeito agudo.
(4) The word "dented" (L.23) suggests an acute effect. A palavra “amassado” (L.23) sugere um efeito agudo.
50. (CESPE/UnB/2009-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ÂȘ FASE)
In the phrase "consumers in America feel cowed, while Asia is jittery" (L.29-30), the most appropriate synonyms for "cowed" and "jittery" are respectively
(A) bovine and aggressive.
(B) herded and troubling.
(C) threatened and apprehensive.
(D) confined and alacritous.
(E) bent over and trembling.
(B) herded and troubling.
(C) threatened and apprehensive.
(D) confined and alacritous.
(E) bent over and trembling.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito C
Na frase "consumers in America feel cowed, while Asia is jittery" (os consumidores na AmĂ©rica se sentem intimidados, enquanto a Ăsia estĂĄ nervosa), os sinĂŽnimos mais apropriados para "cowed"(intimidado, amedrontado) and "jittery"(nervoso, trĂ©mulo) sĂŁo respectivamente
(A) bovine and aggressive. bovino e agressivo.
(B) herded and troubling. rebanho e preocupante.
(C) threatened and apprehensive. ameaçado e apreensivo.
(D) confined and alacritous. confinado e alegre.
(E) bent over and trembling. curvado e tremendo.
(B) herded and troubling. rebanho e preocupante.
(C) threatened and apprehensive. ameaçado e apreensivo.
(D) confined and alacritous. confinado e alegre.
(E) bent over and trembling. curvado e tremendo.
51. (CESPE/UnB/2009-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ÂȘ FASE)
In context, "might" (L.4) and "kick-start" (L.4) are respectively
(A) a conditional verb and a noun.
(B) a noun and a verb.
(C) an auxiliary verb and a transitive verb.
(D) an auxiliary verb and a noun.
(E) a noun and a noun.
(B) a noun and a verb.
(C) an auxiliary verb and a transitive verb.
(D) an auxiliary verb and a noun.
(E) a noun and a noun.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito E
No contexto, "might" (força) and "kick-start" (arranque) são respectivamente
(A) a conditional verb and a noun. um verbo condicional e um substantivo.
(B) a noun and a verb. um substantivo e um verbo.
(C) an auxiliary verb and a transitive verb. um verbo auxiliar e um verbo transitivo.
(D) an auxiliary verb and a noun. um verbo auxiliar e um substantivo.
(E) a noun and a noun. um substantivo e um substantivo.
(B) a noun and a verb. um substantivo e um verbo.
(C) an auxiliary verb and a transitive verb. um verbo auxiliar e um verbo transitivo.
(D) an auxiliary verb and a noun. um verbo auxiliar e um substantivo.
(E) a noun and a noun. um substantivo e um substantivo.
➭ TRECHO:
• [...] It's cold and early and Detlef Fendt repeats a morning ritual, heaving himself onto the side of his 28-year-old BMW motorbike and jumping with all his might on the kick-start. EstĂĄ frio e Ă© cedo e Detlef Fendt repete um ritual matinal, colocando-se na lateral da sua moto BMW de 28 anos e saltando com toda a força no arranque.









ComentĂĄrios
Postar um comentĂĄrio