🔖 ESCOLA NAVAL — Prova de Inglês 2017 (PDF da Prova Original + PDF do Gabarito • Comentada)

• PROVA ESCOLA NAVAL 2017
CPAEN - CONCURSO PÚBLICO DE ADMISSÃO À ESCOLA NAVAL
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PROVA DE INGLÊS

GABARITO FINAL

• PROVA

20 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 5 Options Each Question.

• TEXTO

Too many third graders can’t read this sentence

Muitos alunos da terceira série não conseguem ler esta frase

9 Feb. 2017- Editor's Picks

Two-thirds of U.S. third graders face challenges that will impact their future, including academic struggles that could lead to dimmer academic and career prospects.

Dois terços dos alunos da terceira série dos EUA enfrentam desafios que impactarão seu futuro, incluindo dificuldades acadêmicas que podem levar a perspectivas acadêmicas e de carreira mais sombrias.

Sadly, only one in three U.S. students demonstrates reading proficiency at the end of third grade. This has alarming consequences for these children, and for our country.

Infelizmente, apenas um em cada três alunos dos EUA demonstra proficiência em leitura no final da terceira série. Isso tem consequências alarmantes para essas crianças e para o nosso país.

A report released today from the Business Roundtable (BRT) sheds light on this troubling trend in American education, and advises business leaders on how they can help put more children on a path to success.

Um relatório divulgado hoje pela Business Roundtable (BRT) lança luz sobre essa tendência preocupante na educação americana e aconselha líderes empresariais sobre como eles podem ajudar a colocar mais crianças no caminho do sucesso.

I’ve heard it said that before third grade, students are learning to read, while after third grade, they’re reading to learn. Grade three is a critical crossroads in a life's journey. If you’ve read this far, then you understand why this is so important. Not enough of our young learners can say the same.

Ouvi dizer que antes da terceira série, os alunos estão aprendendo a ler, enquanto depois da terceira série, eles estão lendo para aprender. A terceira série é uma encruzilhada crítica na jornada da vida. Se você leu até aqui, então entende por que isso é tão importante. Poucos dos nossos jovens alunos podem dizer o mesmo.

I encourage you to read the BRT report. As you read, please consider ways to help our schools and our teachers keep students on paths to bright futures.

Eu o encorajo a ler o relatório do BRT. Enquanto você lê, por favor, considere maneiras de ajudar nossas escolas e nossos professores a manter os alunos em caminhos para futuros brilhantes.

Leave your comments below

Deixe seus comentários abaixo

Michel Jonas

Really, all I read was blabla wa wa wa. Are you Charlie Brown’s teacher? If we can't understand our children who are crying out for help and direction, then there is something wrong with you. Please go back and check yourself! They are worth so much more.

Sério, tudo o que eu li foi blá blá blá. Você é o professor de Charlie Brown? Se não conseguimos entender nossos filhos que clamam por ajuda e direção, então há algo errado com você. Por favor, volte e verifique você mesmo! Eles valem muito mais.

Rick Shire

Thanks for sharing. With two young children, I increasingly think about the importance of early childhood education. Pre-k care is far too inaccessible, ultimately magnifying inequality from the earliest stages of life.

Obrigado por compartilhar. Com dois filhos pequenos, penso cada vez mais sobre a importância da educação infantil. O cuidado pré-escolar é muito inacessível, aumentando a desigualdade desde os primeiros estágios da vida.

Tom Franks

What exactly is education? Academic education doesn't make someone a better person or even a better employee, I would guess that anything we learn in the education process is at the most 10% useful to us as people. Education should teach academia but also life skills such as budgeting, EQ skills, languages etc., all the elements to be a successful person and not necessarily a successful professional.

O que exatamente é educação? Educação acadêmica não torna alguém uma pessoa melhor ou mesmo um funcionário melhor, eu diria que qualquer coisa que aprendemos no processo educacional é, no máximo, 10% útil para nós como pessoas. Educação deve ensinar academia, mas também habilidades de vida, como orçamento, habilidades de QE, idiomas etc., todos os elementos para ser uma pessoa bem-sucedida e não necessariamente um profissional bem-sucedido.

Adapted from https://www.linkedin.com

21 – Decide if the statements below are true (T) or false (F) according to the text. Then choose the option that contains the correct sequence.

( ) Most kids in American schools cannot read well enough at third grade.
( ) The BRT report does not include suggestions on how to improve education.
( ) Michel Jonas posted a positive comment about the matter.( ) Tom Franks believes schools do not prepare us for life.

(A) (T) (F) (T) (T)

(B) (F) (T) (T) (F)

(D) (T) (T) (F) (F)

(E) (T) (F) (F) (T)

Gabarito E

Decide if the statements below are true (T) or false (F) according to the text. Then choose the option that contains the correct sequence.

Decida se as afirmações abaixo são verdadeiras (V) ou falsas (F) de acordo com o texto. Em seguida, escolha a opção que contém a sequência correta.

( T ) Most kids in American schools cannot read well enough at third grade.

>> CORRETA: A maioria das crianças nas escolas americanas não consegue ler bem o suficiente na terceira série.

"[...] Sadly, only one in three U.S. students demonstrates reading proficiency at the end of third grade."
Infelizmente, apenas 1 em cada 3 estudantes dos EUA demonstra habilidade de leitura no final da terceira série.
OU SEJA: 1 em cada 3 estudantes demonstra habilidade de leitura.

( F ) The BRT report does not include suggestions on how to improve education.
>> INCORRETA: O relatório do BRT não inclui sugestões sobre como melhorar a educação.

"[...] A report released today from the Business Roundtable (BRT) sheds light on this troubling trend in American education, and advises business leaders on how they can help put more children on a path to success."
Um relatório divulgado hoje na (BRT) espelha essa tendência preocupante na educação americana e aconselha os líderes empresariais sobre como eles podem ajudar a colocar mais filhos no caminho do sucesso.
OU SEJA: O relatório do BRT INCLUI SIM sugestões.

( F ) Michel Jonas posted a positive comment about the matter.
>> INCORRETA: Michel Jonas postou um comentário positivo sobre o assunto.

"[...] Really, all I read was blabla wa wa wa. Are you Charlie Brown’s teacher? If we can't understand our children who are crying out for help and direction, then there is something wrong with you. Please go back and check yourself! They are worth so much more."
Realmente, tudo o que eu li foi blabla wa wa wa. Você é professora de Charlie Brown? Se não podemos entender nossos filhos que estão gritando por ajuda e direção, então há algo de errado com você. Volte e confira! Eles valem muito mais.
OU SEJA: O comentário de Michel Jonas FOI CRÍTICO e expressado em UM TOM NEGATIVO.

( T ) Tom Franks believes schools do not prepare us for life.
>> CORRETA: Tom Franks acredita que as escolas não nos preparam para a vida.

"[...] What exactly is education? Academic education doesn't make someone a better person or even a better employee, I would guess that anything we learn in the education process is at the most 10% useful to us as people. Education should teach academia but also life skills such as budgeting, EQ skills, languages etc., all the elements to be a successful person and not necessarily a successful professional."
O que exatamente é educação? A educação acadêmica não faz de alguém uma pessoa melhor ou mesmo um empregado melhor, eu acho que qualquer coisa que aprendemos no processo educacional é, no máximo, 10% útil para nós como pessoas. A educação deve ensinar academia, mas também habilidades de vida, como orçamentação, habilidades de EQ, idiomas etc., todos os elementos para ser uma pessoa bem-sucedida e não necessariamente um profissional de sucesso.
OU SEJA: Na visão de Tom, a educação acadêmica não faz de alguém uma pessoa melhor ou mesmo um empregado melhor:

22 – By reading the text, we CANNOT state that the pronoun

(A) “their” in “Two-thirds of U.S. third graders face challenges that will impact their future...” refers to "Two-thirds of U.S. third graders”.

(B) "these" in "This has alarming consequences for these children...” refers to “only one in three U.S. students”.

(D) “they" in “...while after third grade, they’re reading to learn.” refers to “students”.

(E) "you” in “I encourage you to read the BRT report.” refers to the reader.

Gabarito B

By reading the text, we CANNOT state that the pronoun

(A) “their” in “Two-thirds of U.S. third graders face challenges that will impact their future...” refers to "Two-thirds of U.S. third graders”.

(B) "these" in "This has alarming consequences for these children...” refers to “only one in three U.S. students”.

(D) “they" in “...while after third grade, they’re reading to learn.” refers to “students”.

(E) "you” in “I encourage you to read the BRT report.” refers to the reader.

❑ TEXTO 2: Based on the text below, answer questions 03, 04, 05 and 06.

As the Olympics Approaches, a Lesson in Overcoming Adversity

À medida que as Olimpíadas se aproximam, uma lição sobre como superar a adversidade

Bert R. Mandelbaum, MD

July 20, 2016

I've known a lot of athletes who qualified for the Olympic Games, ______ injuries. But I know of only one who qualified because of an injury.

Conheci muitos atletas que se classificaram para os Jogos Olímpicos, ______ lesões. Mas conheço apenas um que se classificou por causa de uma lesão.

Cliff Meidl’s story captures the spirit of the Olympics.

A história de Cliff Meidl captura o espírito das Olimpíadas.

In November 1986, Cliff, a 20-year-old plumber's apprentice, hit three buried high-voltage electrical cables with a jackhammer. An estimated 30,000 volts surged through his body, exploding bone and cartilage from the inside ail the way up to his head. To put that into perspective, electric chairs use only 1500-2000 volts for executions. So it's safe to say that Cliff should have died.

Em novembro de 1986, Cliff, um aprendiz de encanador de 20 anos, atingiu três cabos elétricos de alta voltagem enterrados com uma britadeira. Estima-se que 30.000 volts passaram por seu corpo, explodindo ossos e cartilagens de dentro até sua cabeça. Para colocar isso em perspectiva, cadeiras elétricas usam apenas 1500-2000 volts para execuções. Então é seguro dizer que Cliff deveria ter morrido.

And he nearly did. His heart stopped. Paramedics were able to get it going again, but they had to resuscitate him on the way to the hospital.

E ele quase fez isso. Seu coração parou. Os paramédicos conseguiram fazê-lo funcionar novamente, mas tiveram que ressuscitá-lo no caminho para o hospital.

As part of a team with renowned plastic surgeon Malcolm Lesavoy, MD, and others, I got to work reconstructing Cliffs legs. Our best hope was to avoid amputation.

Como parte de uma equipe com o renomado cirurgião plástico Malcolm Lesavoy, MD, e outros, comecei a trabalhar na reconstrução das pernas de Cliff. Nossa melhor esperança era evitar a amputação.

But very quickly, we noticed something else going on - something that had nothing to do with our expertise. Through every step of his painful rehabilitation, Cliff grew more and more determined. He never complained. He just asked, "What's next?"

Mas muito rapidamente, notamos algo mais acontecendo - algo que não tinha nada a ver com nossa expertise. A cada passo de sua dolorosa reabilitação, Cliff se tornou mais e mais determinado. Ele nunca reclamou. Ele apenas perguntou: "O que vem depois?"

Before he had even finished the rehabilitation, Cliff started paddling various watercrafts. The days spent on crutches had already strengthened his upper body, and he took naturally to the sport. The same year in which he was injured, he began competing in canoe and kayak events, and in 1996 he qualified for the Olympics - not the Paralympic Games, the Olympic Games.

Antes mesmo de terminar a reabilitação, Cliff começou a remar em várias embarcações. Os dias passados em muletas já haviam fortalecido a parte superior do seu corpo, e ele se adaptou naturalmente ao esporte. No mesmo ano em que se machucou, ele começou a competir em eventos de canoa e caiaque, e em 1996 se classificou para as Olimpíadas - não os Jogos Paralímpicos, os Jogos Olímpicos.

Four years later, in Sydney, Australia, I was overseeing the sports medicine team at the Olympic soccer tournament. I was sitting in the stands during the opening ceremonies when Cliff walked into the Olympic Stadium carrying the Stars and Stripes.

Quatro anos depois, em Sydney, Austrália, eu estava supervisionando a equipe de medicina esportiva no torneio olímpico de futebol. Eu estava sentado nas arquibancadas durante as cerimônias de abertura quando Cliff entrou no Estádio Olímpico carregando a bandeira dos Estados Unidos.

It's a long-standing tradition for delegations of athletes to select one among their number to bear the flag, and the choice often symbolizes some extraordinary accomplishment. I had no idea that Cliff would be selected. So when he strode into the stadium with a normal gait, I nearly broke down.

É uma tradição de longa data para delegações de atletas selecionarem um entre eles para carregar a bandeira, e a escolha frequentemente simboliza alguma realização extraordinária. Eu não tinha ideia de que Cliff seria selecionado. Então, quando ele entrou no estádio com um andar normal, eu quase desmoronei.

Moments like that reinforce what I have always believed: that sport can bring out the best in us all.

Momentos como esse reforçam o que sempre acreditei: que o esporte pode trazer à tona o que há de melhor em todos nós.

The Olympic Games (...) are devoted to celebrating the human capacity to improve body, mind, and soul.

Os Jogos Olímpicos (...) são dedicados a celebrar a capacidade humana de melhorar o corpo, a mente e a alma.

They are about taking part - not necessarily about winning. Cliffs peers in the US delegation of 2000 recognized that when they elected him to bear the nation's colors. He never won a medal at the games, but the spirit with which he overcame adversity inspired all of them.

Eles são sobre participar - não necessariamente sobre vencer. Os colegas de Cliffs na delegação dos EUA de 2000 reconheceram isso quando o elegeram para carregar as cores da nação. Ele nunca ganhou uma medalha nos jogos, mas o espírito com o qual ele superou a adversidade inspirou todos eles.

The Olympic motto - faster, higher, stronger - can help our patients realize that the real victory is the "win within." The Win Within: Capturing Your Victorious Spirit is the name of the book I wrote to show people that coming back from adversity is part of our heritage - that we as human beings are more adapted to adversity than we are to success.

O lema olímpico - mais rápido, mais alto, mais forte - pode ajudar nossos pacientes a perceber que a verdadeira vitória é a "vitória interior". The Win Within: Capturing Your Victorious Spirit é o nome do livro que escrevi para mostrar às pessoas que se recuperar da adversidade faz parte da nossa herança - que nós, como seres humanos, somos mais adaptados à adversidade do que ao sucesso.

Adversity is the engine of unimagined opportunity. It can unleash our energy and stimulate our will. It moves us to succeed. If I don’t have food, I have to go get some. If I’m cold, I have to build a shelter.

A adversidade é o motor de oportunidades inimagináveis. Ela pode liberar nossa energia e estimular nossa vontade. Ela nos move para o sucesso. Se não tenho comida, tenho que ir buscar. Se estou com frio, tenho que construir um abrigo.

I remind patients who don't participate in sports that they have the heritage of athletes. We all have the genes of pursuit-hunters who survived by running down their prey and running away from their predators. That's why even now, in 2016, when we go out and take a run, we feel good. We get an endorphin surge and our lipids go down. Our hearts and brains become clear.

Lembro aos pacientes que não participam de esportes que eles têm a herança de atletas. Todos nós temos os genes de caçadores de perseguição que sobreviveram correndo atrás de suas presas e fugindo de seus predadores. É por isso que mesmo agora, em 2016, quando saímos e corremos, nos sentimos bem. Temos um pico de endorfina e nossos lipídios diminuem. Nossos corações e cérebros ficam limpos.

The life of sport and sport of life are interlinked. Exercise is our birthright; it's our legacy; it's why we are here.

A vida do esporte e o esporte da vida estão interligados. O exercício é nosso direito de nascença; é nosso legado; é por isso que estamos aqui.

We no longer have to fear saber-toothed tigers or cave bears. But when you look today at how people can be successful in 2016, it's by avoiding the predators in our urban life: overeating, inactivity, and smoking. And it's by rising to meet adversity.

Não precisamos mais temer tigres dentes-de-sabre ou ursos das cavernas. Mas quando você olha hoje para como as pessoas podem ter sucesso em 2016, é evitando os predadores em nossa vida urbana: comer demais, inatividade e fumar. E é se levantando para enfrentar a adversidade.

Adapted from http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/866279

23 – Considering the text, the words “nearly” (4th and 9th paragraphs) and “overseeing” (8th paragraph) mean, respectively,"______ ” and “______”,

(A) seldom / helping

(B) nearby / joining

(D) quite / disregarding

(E) almost / supervising

Gabarito E

"NEARLY"/'nɪr.li/ (= almost) – quase, por pouco. (https://dictionary.cambridge.org/)

"[...] In November 1986, Cliff, a 20-year-old plumber's apprentice, hit three buried high-voltage electrical cables with a jackhammer. An estimated 30,000 volts surged through his body, exploding bone and cartilage from the inside ail the way up to his head. To put that into perspective, electric chairs use only 1500-2000 volts for executions. So it's safe to say that Cliff should have died. And he nearly did. His heart stopped. Paramedics were able to get it going again, but they had to resuscitate him on the way to the hospital.
Em novembro de 1986, Cliff, um aprendiz de encanador de 20 anos, atingiu três cabos elétricos de alta voltagem enterrados com uma britadeira. Estima-se que 30.000 volts passaram por seu corpo, explodindo ossos e cartilagens de dentro até sua cabeça. Para colocar isso em perspectiva, cadeiras elétricas usam apenas 1500-2000 volts para execuções. Então é seguro dizer que Cliff deveria ter morrido. E ele quase morreu. Seu coração parou. Os paramédicos conseguiram fazê-lo funcionar novamente, mas tiveram que ressuscitá-lo no caminho para o hospital.

"[...] It's a long-standing tradition for delegations of athletes to select one among their number to bear the flag, and the choice often symbolizes some extraordinary accomplishment. I had no idea that Cliff would be selected. So when he strode into the stadium with a normal gait, I nearly broke down."
É uma tradição de longa data para as delegações de atletas selecionarem um entre seus números para portar a bandeira, e a escolha frequentemente simboliza alguma realização extraordinária. Eu não tinha ideia de que Cliff seria selecionado. Então, quando ele entrou no estádio com uma marcha normal, eu quase quebrei.

➦ "TO SUPERVISE" /'suː.pə.vaɪz/ (= to manage, to oversee)– "SUPERVISIONAR", "GERENCIAR", "CHEFIAR".

"[...] Four years later, in Sydney, Australia, I was overseeing the sports medicine team at the Olympic soccer tournament. I was sitting in the stands during the opening ceremonies when Cliff walked into the Olympic Stadium carrying the Stars and Stripes."
Quatro anos depois, em Sydney, na Austrália, eu estava supervisionando a equipe de medicina esportiva no torneio de futebol olímpico. Eu estava sentado nas arquibancadas durante as cerimônias de abertura, quando Cliff entrou no Estádio Olímpico carregando o Stars and Stripes.

24 – According to the text, which statement is correct?

(A) Cliff Meidl got seriously injured during a competition and almost lost his legs.

(B) In 1996, Cliff Meidl took part in the Paralympic Games for the first time.

(D) Cliff Meidl has already won several medals, including a gold medal at the Olympic Games in 1996.

(E) After the accident, Cliff Meidl wrote a book called The Win Within: Capturing Your Victorious Spirit.

Gabarito C

According to the text, which statement is correct?

De acordo com o texto, qual afirmação está correta?

(A) Cliff Meidl got seriously injured during a competition and almost lost his legs.

Cliff Meidl se machucou gravemente durante uma competição e quase perdeu as pernas.

(B) In 1996, Cliff Meidl took part in the Paralympic Games for the first time.

Em 1996, Cliff Meidl participou dos Jogos Paralímpicos pela primeira vez.

Em 2000, Cliff Meidl foi o porta-bandeira dos EUA durante as cerimônias de abertura dos Jogos Olímpicos.

"[...] Four years later, in Sydney, Australia, I was overseeing the sports medicine team at the Olympic soccer tournament. I was sitting in the stands during the opening ceremonies when Cliff walked into the Olympic Stadium carrying the Stars and Stripes."
Quatro anos depois, em Sydney, na Austrália, eu estava supervisionando a equipe de medicina esportiva no torneio de futebol olímpico. Eu estava sentado nas arquibancadas durante as cerimônias de abertura, quando Cliff entrou no Estádio Olímpico carregando o Stars and Stripes.
OU SEJA: Cliff entrou no Estádio Olímpico carregando o Stars and Stripes.

(D) Cliff Meidl has already won several medals, including a gold medal at the Olympic Games in 1996.

Cliff Meidl já ganhou várias medalhas, incluindo uma medalha de ouro nos Jogos Olímpicos de 1996.

(E) After the accident, Cliff Meidl wrote a book called The Win Within: Capturing Your Victorious Spirit.

Após o acidente, Cliff Meidl escreveu um livro chamado The Win Within: Capturing Your Victorious Spirit.

25 – Choose the correct statement according to the text.

(A) The Olympic Games emphasize the importance of defeating our opponents.

(B) As human beings evolved, they lost the ability of overcoming adversity.

(D) Physical exercises increase the amount of endorphin and lipids in our body.

(E) Nowadays, we have to face the same dangers as our ancestors.

Gabarito C

Choose the correct statement according to the text.

Escolha a afirmação correta de acordo com o texto.

(A) The Olympic Games emphasize the importance of defeating our opponents.

Os Jogos Olímpicos enfatizam a importância de derrotar nossos oponentes.

(B) As human beings evolved, they lost the ability of overcoming adversity.

À medida que os seres humanos evoluíram, eles perderam a capacidade de superar as adversidades.

A adversidade traz novas oportunidades e ajuda os seres humanos a ter sucesso.

(D) Physical exercises increase the amount of endorphin and lipids in our body.

Os exercícios físicos aumentam a quantidade de endorfina e lipídios em nosso corpo.

(E) Nowadays, we have to face the same dangers as our ancestors.

Hoje em dia, temos que enfrentar os mesmos perigos que nossos ancestrais.

26 – Which option completes the first paragraph of the text correctly?

“I’ve known a lot of athletes who qualified for the Olympic Games ______ injuries. But I know of only one who qualified because of an injury."

(A) as if

(B) despite

(D) however

(E) moreover

Gabarito B

(A) as if (como se, até parece)(EXPRESSÃO IDIOMÁTICA)

(B) despite (apesar de)(PREPOSIÇÃO)

(D) however (contudo)(ADVÉRBIO ou CONJUNÇÃO)

(E) moreover (ADVÉRBIO)

“I’ve known a lot of athletes who qualified for the Olympic Games despite injuries. But I know of only one who qualified because of an injury."
Conheço muitos atletas que se classificaram para os Jogos Olímpicos apesar de lesões. Mas conheço apenas um que se classificou por causa de uma lesão.

27 – Which is the correct option to complete the paragraph below?

How to use the camera at the beach or near water

______ the camera dry naturally in case it gets wet. After that, please______ the door/cover to be sure no sand is present. ______ as required. ______ the camera anywhere the temperature may exceed 35°C as this may damage the unit.

(A) Let / to inspect / To clean / Do not leave

(B) Let / inspect / Clean / Do not leave

(D) To let / inspect / Clean / Leave not

(E) To let / to inspect / To clean / Leave not

Gabarito B

(A) Let / ~~to inspect / To clean / Do not leave~~

(B) Let / inspect / Clean / Do not leave

~~(C) To let / inspect / Clean / Not leave~~

~~(D) To let / inspect / Clean / Leave not~~

~~(E) To let / to inspect / To clean / Leave not~~

How to use the camera at the beach or near water
Let the camera dry naturally in case it gets wet.
After that, please inspect the door / cover to be sure no sand is present.
Clean as required.
Do not leave the camera anywhere the temperature may exceed 35°C as this may damage the unit.

28 – What is the correct option to complete the text below?

The current smartphone market

It's ______ brand new year and already there have been ______ new smartphones released onto the market. Upgrading from your current device can be ______ exciting time, but it can also be ______ little confusing with all of ______ options available.

http://www.news.com.au

(A) a / - / the / - / -

(B) the / a / an / the / an

(D) an / the / - / the / an

(E) the / - / a / a / the

Gabarito C

(A) a / - / the / - / -

~~(B) the / a / an / the / an~~

~~(D) an / the / - / the / an~~

~~(E) the / - / a / a / the~~

The current smartphone market
O mercado atual de smartphones
It's a brand new year and already there have been __ new smartphones released onto the market.
É um ano totalmente novo e já houve novos smartphones lançados no mercado.
Upgrading from your current device can be an exciting time, but it can also be a little confusing with all of the options available.
A atualização do seu dispositivo atual pode ser um momento emocionante, mas também pode ser um pouco confuso com todas as opções disponíveis.

29 – Mark the correct option.

(A) When times are tough, your friends will motivate you hardly.

(B) Enjoy the process of doing what you love and get excitedly.

(D) Working in a job you hate makes the days go slowly.

(E) Life without dreams can become very depressingly.

Gabarito D

>> PAY ATTENTION: After linking verbs, we can use adjectives but not adverbs.

Mark the correct option.

Marque a opção correta.

(A) When times are tough, your friends will motivate you hardly.

Quando os tempos são difíceis, seus amigos vão te motivar muito.

>> "Hardly" ("quase não", "raramente", "pouquíssimas vezes" ou "muito pouco") é usado antes do verbo principal.

When times are tough, your friends hardly will motivate you.

(B) Enjoy the process of doing what you love and get excitedly.

Aproveite o processo de fazer o que você ama e fique animado.

>> Não usamos advérbio com verbo de ligação (to get).

Enjoy the process of doing what you love and get excited.

Seus pais terão muitos motivos para se orgulhar de você.

>> Não usamos advérbio com verbo de ligação (to be).

Your parents will have a lot of reasons to be proud of you.

(D) Working in a job you hate makes the days go slowly.

Trabalhar em um emprego que você odeia faz os dias passarem devagar.

>> Usamos advérbio com verbos de ação (to go).

(E) Life without dreams can become very depressingly.

A vida sem sonhos pode se tornar muito deprimente.

>> Não usamos advérbio com verbo de ligação (to become).

Life without dreams can become very depressing.

30 – Which is the correct option to complete the sentence?

Peter: I saw Jane yesterday.
Peter ________________ .

(A) said Jane that he saw her yesterday

(B) told he saw Jane the previous day

(D) told Jane that he has seen her the next day

(E) said that he had seen Jane the day before

Gabarito E

Peter: I saw Jane yesterday.
Peter: Eu vi Jane ontem.
Peter said that he had seen Jane the day before.

Peter disse que tinha visto Jane no dia anterior.

(A) said Jane that he saw her yesterday

~~(B) told he saw Jane the previous day~~

~~(C) says he had seen Jane the following day~~

~~(D) told Jane that he has seen her the next day~~

(E) said that he had seen Jane the day before

>> 3 VERBOS INTRODUTORES DE REPORTED SPEECH:

"TOLD" (quando há IMPERATIVO no discurso direto)
"ASKED" (quando há PERGUNTA no discurso direto)
"SAID" (quando não há imperativo e nem pergunta no discurso direto)

>> CONVERTER O VERBO PRINCIPAL PARA O PASSADO:

"SAW" (past simple) ➝ "HAD SEEN" (past perfect)

31 – Choose the correct option to complete this paragraph.

Pamela is absolutely dedicated to work. She is a doctor and director of a university department where she has ______ a lot of research on anesthesiology. She has also ______ grants from federal and private organizations and has______ her projects all over the world to be presented at professional meetings.

(A) do / win / took

(B) did / won / taken

(D) done / won / took

(E) done / won / taken

Gabarito E

~~(A) do / win / took~~

~~(B) did / won / taken~~

~~(C) did / won / took~~

(D) done / won / took

(E) done / won / taken

Pamela is absolutely dedicated to work.
Pamela é absolutamente dedicada ao trabalho.
She is a doctor and director of a university department where she has done a lot of research on anesthesiology.
Ela é médica e diretora de um departamento universitário onde fez muitas pesquisas sobre anestesiologia.
She has also won grants from federal and private organizations and has taken her projects all over the world to be presented at professional meetings.
Ela também ganhou bolsas de organizações federais e privadas e levou seus projetos para o mundo todo para serem apresentados em reuniões profissionais.

32 – Which is the correct way to complete the paragraph below?

A change of habits In recent years, dairy milk alternatives made from almonds, soy, cashews and coconuts ______ in popularity. Many people consider them more nutritious than cow's milk. Some people _______ them because they have a milk allergy or lactose intolerance. Others choose them for environmental reasons or because they want a vegan diet. Some just like the taste. Cow’s m ilk______once one of America’s most iconic beverages. But now Americans ______ less of it.

Adapted from https://www.nytimes.com

(A) have exploded / bought / was / are drinking

(B) have exploded / buy / was / are drinking

(D) exploded / buy / is / have drunk

(E) exploded / bought / is / drink

Gabarito B

(A) have exploded / bought / was / are drinking

(B) have exploded / buy / was / are drinking

(D) exploded / buy / is / have drunk

(E) exploded / bought / is / drink

33 – Read some rules for voting in Brazil.

The minimum legal age for voting is 16.
Voting is compulsory for all literate citizens over 18 and under 70.
Voting is optional for citizens who are older than 70 or are illiterate.

Based on the information above, choose the correct option.

(A) In Brazil, illiterate people mustn’t vote.

(B) A person who is 15 years old can vote in Brazil.

(D) In Brazil, a literate citizen who is 20 years old must vote.

(E) Brazilians who are over 18 years old don’t have to vote.

Gabarito D

(A) In Brazil, illiterate people mustn’t vote.

(B) A person who is 15 years old can vote in Brazil.

(D) In Brazil, a literate citizen who is 20 years old must vote.

(E) Brazilians who are over 18 years old don’t have to vote.

34 – Which is the correct option to complete the sentence below?

Abandoned dog now works at a petrol station

Buying petrol is generally a trivial activity. You fill ______ your car, head into the shop, possibly pick ______ a KitKat or motoring atlas, pay the cashier then set ______ for your destination. Wouldn't the whole process be more enjoyable if there was a dog to brighten up your visit?

Adapted from http://www,telegraph,co.uk/pets/news-features/dogabandoned-petrol-station-now-works-petrol-station/

(A) for / down / up

(B) for / down / into

(D) up / up / out

(E) up / into / out

Gabarito B

(A) for / down / up

(B) for / down / into

(D) up / up / out

(E) up / into / out

35 – Which of the options completes the dialogue correctly?

The Linden Tree

Mrs Linden: (...) You’d like some tea, ______ you, Rex?
Rex: A cup, certainly.
Jean: And ______ Marion and I.

Priestley, J.B. “The Linden Tree". An inspector calls and other plays UK: Penguin, 2001

(A) would / neither would

(B) wouldn’t / so would

(D) hadn’t / so had

(E) didn’t / neither did

Gabarito B

(A) would / neither would

(B) wouldn’t / so would

(D) hadn’t / so had

(E) didn’t / neither did

36 – Which is the correct way to complete the text below?

11 reasons why it is important to have dreams

Everyone always says: “Follow ____ dreams!” But not everyone does ____. Life interjects, bills pile up, and sometimes ____ have to do boring jobs just to make ____ through the day. However, there are a number of reasons to follow ____ dreams, to break the trend, and to live the life you’ve always wanted. Here they are below.

http://www.Iifehack.org

(A) your / it / we / it / your

(B) yours / it / you / them / yours

(D) your / they / we / them / your

(E) yours / them / l / it / yours

Gabarito A

(A) your / it / we / it / your

(B) yours / it / you / them / yours

(D) your / they / we / them / your

(E) yours / them / l / it / yours

37 – Which option completes the paragraph below correctly?

If Brazilian industry is successful ______ producing submarines and stealth corvettes, demand for Brazilian military hardware will only grow (...). Of concern, however, are Brazil's long-term intentions with regard______ the construction of BNS Alvaro Alberto. (...) It will be necessary to keep a very close e ye ______ the Brazilian shipbuilding and nuclear industries in the 2030s, especially as domestic demand for this class of vessel is satisfied.

https://www.offiziere.ch/?p=19043

(A) at / to / of

(B) at / of / on

(D) in / of / in

(E) on / to / in

Gabarito C

(A) at / to / of

(B) at / of / on

(D) in / of / in

(E) on / to / in

38 – Choose the correct option to complete this paragraph.

When to have an eye exam School-age children and adolescents should have their vision_______ before they enter first grade. If your child has no symptoms of vision problems and no family history of vision problems, ______ every one to two years. Otherwise, schedule eye exams based on the advice of your eye doctor.

Adapted from http://www.mayoclinic.org

(A) checked / have their vision rechecked

(B) checked / have to recheck their vision

(D) check / have their vision rechecked

(E) to check / recheck their vision

Gabarito A

(A) checked / have their vision rechecked

(B) checked / have to recheck their vision

(D) check / have their vision rechecked

(E) to check / recheck their vision

39 – Which of the sentences below is correct?

(A) You wouldn’t spend so much if you didn’t have a good salary.

(B) If you would plan to use Wi-Fi, connect your TV with your router.

(D) If he were married, he won’t travel alone so much.

(E) She won’t buy a new car even if she'll have the money.

Gabarito A

Which of the sentences below is correct?

(A) You wouldn’t spend so much if you didn’t have a good salary. (2nd conditional)

If-clause (didn’t have) >> Main Clause (wouldn’t spend).

(B) If you ~~would~~ plan to use Wi-Fi, connect your TV with your router.

If you plan to use Wi-Fi, you should connect your TV with your router.
If-clause (plan) >> Main Clause (should connect).

Unless he tries hard, he won’t get the job of his dreams.
If-clause (tries) >> Main Clause (won’t get).

(D) If he were married, he ~~won’t~~ travel alone so much.

If he were married, he wouldn't travel alone so much.
If-clause (were) >> Main Clause (wouldn't travel).

(E) She won’t buy a new car even if she~~'ll~~ have the money.

She will buy a new car even if she have the money.
If-clause (have) >> Main Clause (will buy).

>>GRAMMAR CHART:

https://www.englishlessonviaskype.com/how-to-use-conditionals-in-english/

40 – Which option completes the paragraph below correctly?

Millennium development goals: an overview

The millennium development goals (MDGs) ______, eight key areas - poverty, education, gender equality, child mortality, maternal health, disease, the environment and global partnership. Each goal, ______ by 21 specific targets and more than 60 indicators. The UN ______ the MDGs 'the most successful anti-poverty movement in history’, but what progress ______ on each of the goals?

Adapted from https://vwwv.theguardian.com

(A) have been targeted / supports / has been called / has made

(B) have targeted / support / has called / has been made

(D) have been targeted / supported / has been called / has been made

(E) have targeted / are supported / has been called / has made

Gabarito C

~~(A) have been targeted / supports / has been called / has made~~

(B) have targeted / ~~support / has called / has been made~~

~~(D) have been targeted / supported / has been called / has been made~~

(E) have targeted / ~~are supported / has been called / has made~~

Millennium development goals: an overview
Objetivos de desenvolvimento do milênio: uma visão geral
The millennium development goals (MDGs) have targeted, eight key areas - poverty, education, gender equality, child mortality, maternal health, disease, the environment and global partnership.
Os objetivos de desenvolvimento do milênio (ODM) têm como alvo oito áreas principais: pobreza, educação, igualdade de gênero, mortalidade infantil, saúde materna, doenças, meio ambiente e parceria global.
Each goal, is supported by 21 specific targets and more than 60 indicators.
Cada meta é apoiada por 21 metas específicas e mais de 60 indicadores.
The UN has called the MDGs 'the most successful anti-poverty movement in history’, but what progress has been made on each of the goals?
A ONU chamou os ODMs de "o movimento antipobreza mais bem-sucedido da história", mas que progresso vem sendo feito em cada uma das metas?

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