domingo, 13 de julho de 2025

VUNESP 2014 – LÍNGUA INGLESA – EMPLASA – ANALISTA DE DESENVOLVIMENTO URBANO E REGIONAL (BIBLIOTECONOMIA).

 

https://www.vunesp.com.br

  • Texto (1) – The Research Assignment | How to teach English |
  • 5 Multiple Choice Questions Five-Option Question |
❑ TEXTO 1Leia o texto para responder às questões de números 56 a 60.
O trabalho de pesquisa
[1º PARÁGRAFO]
Students today have access to so much information that they need to weigh the reliability of sources.
Os estudantes de hoje têm acesso a tanta informação que precisam avaliar[analisar] as fontes.

Any resource – print, human, or electronic – used to support your research inquiry has to be evaluated for its credibility and reliability. 
Qualquer recurso - impresso, humano ou eletrônico - usado para apoiar o seu pedido de pesquisa deve ser avaliado quanto à sua credibilidade e confiabilidade.

In other words, you have to exercise some quality control over what you use. 
Em outras palavras, você precisa exercer algum controle de qualidade sobre o que usa.

When you use the print and multimedia materials found in your college library, your evaluation task is not so complicated because librarians have already established the credibility and appropriateness of those materials for academic research. 
Quando você usa os materiais impressos e multimídia encontrados em sua biblioteca da faculdade, sua tarefa de avaliação não é tão complicada porque os bibliotecários já estabeleceram a credibilidade e adequação desses materiais para pesquisas acadêmicas.

The marketplace forces publishers to be discriminating as well.
O mercado também obriga[força] os editores a serem criteriosos.

[2º PARÁGRAFO]
Data collected in interviews of persons whose reliability is not always clearly established should be carefully screened, especially if you present this material as expert opinion or as based on knowledge of your topic. 
Os dados coletados em entrevistas de pessoas cuja confiabilidade nem sempre é claramente estabelecida devem ser cuidadosamente selecionados, especialmente se você apresentar esse material como opinião de especialistas ou com base no conhecimento do seu tópico.

And you may have even more difficulty establishing trustworthiness for electronic sources, especially Web and Internet sources.
E você pode ter ainda mais dificuldade em estabelecer a confiabilidade de fontes eletrônicas, especialmente fontes da Web e da Internet.

[3º PARÁGRAFO]
Because the Internet and World Wide Web are easy to use and accessible, Web material is volatile – it changes, becomes outdated, or is deleted. 
Porque a Internet e a World Wide Web são fáceis de usar e acessíveis, o material da Web é volátil - ele muda, fica desatualizado ou é excluído.

Its lack of consistency and sometimes crude form make Web information suspect for people who use it for research. 
Sua falta de consistência e, às vezes, a forma bruta tornam as informações da Web suspeitas para as pessoas que as usam para pesquisa.

Because there is frequently no quality control over Web information, you must critically evaluate all the material you find there, text and graphics alike.
Porque muitas vezes não há controle de qualidade sobre as informações da Web, você deve avaliar criticamente todo o material que encontrar lá, tanto texto quanto gráficos.
56. According to the text, librarians
(A) face difficulties in cataloguing data from interviews.
(B) expect publishers to screen new materials.
(C) neglect all sorts of Web material.
(D) often update electronic sources.
(E) pre-select appropriate materials.
•   Gabarito  E  
According to the text, librarians
(A) face difficulties in cataloguing data from interviews.
(B) expect publishers to screen new materials.
(C) neglect all sorts of Web material.
(D) often update electronic sources.
(E) pre-select appropriate materials.

57. According to the text, Web information may
(A) be banned from scientific researches.
(B) be the main source for academic research in libraries.
(C) be avoided by college librarians.
(D) lack reliability for research purposes.
(E) surpass print materials from libraries.
•   Gabarito  D  
According to the text, Web information may
(A) be banned from scientific researches.
(B) be the main source for academic research in libraries.
(C) be avoided by college librarians.
(D) lack reliability for research purposes.
(E) surpass print materials from libraries.

58. O termo its em – Any resource – print, human, or electronic – used to support your research inquiry has to be evaluated for its credibility and reliability. In other words, you have to exercise some quality control over what you use. – refere-se a
(A) resource.
(B) support.
(C) research.
(D) inquiry.
(E) quality control.
•   Gabarito  A  
O termo its em – Any resource – print, human, or electronic – used to support your research inquiry has to be evaluated for its credibility and reliability. In other words, you have to exercise some quality control over what you use. – refere-se a
(A) resource.
(B) support.
(C) research.
(D) inquiry.
(E) quality control.

59. A palavra even em – And you may have even more difficulty establishing trustworthiness for electronic sources, especially Web and Internet sources. – implica
(A) contraste.
(B) concordância.
(C) ênfase.
(D) causa.
(E) recusa.
•   Gabarito  C  
A palavra even em – And you may have even more difficulty establishing trustworthiness for electronic sources, especially Web and Internet sources. – implica
(A) contraste.
(B) concordância.
(C) ênfase.
(D) causa.
(E) recusa.

60. A palavra weigh em – Students today have access to so much information that they need to weigh the reliability of sources. – é corretamente substituída por
(A) evaluate.
(B) enhance.
(C) deny.
(D) trust.
(E) dismiss.
•   Gabarito  A  
A palavra weigh em – Students today have access to so much information that they need to weigh the reliability of sources. (Os estudantes de hoje têm acesso a tanta informação que precisam ponderar[avaliar] a confiabilidade das fontes.) – é corretamente substituída por
(avaliar, considerar, ponderar)
(B) enhance.
(melhorar, aumentar, aprimorar, reforça, realçar)
(C) deny.
(negar, recusar, rejeitar)
(D) trust.
(confiar, acreditar, crer)
(E) dismiss.
(descartar, dispensar, demitir)
>> COMENTÁRIO EXTRA:
❑  Essencialmente, o verbo "TO WEIGH" faz referência ao ato pesar ou medir o peso/massa de das coisas, das pessoas, dos animais:
>> Cambridge Dictionary:
(Quanto você pesa?)
• The doctor weighed the baby.
(O médico pesou o bebê.)
(Ela pesa entre 55 e 60 quilos.)
>> Longman Dictionary:
• The package weighed several kilos.
(O pacote pesava vários quilos.)
(Você se pesou ultimamente?)
>> Free Dictionary:
(O açougueiro pesou o frango.
(Pesa 4 quilos.)
• They counted and weighed the fruits.
(Eles contaram e pesaram as frutas.)
•  His wife weighs over 22 stone.
(A esposa dele pesa mais de 104 quilos.)
(O cachorro pesa quase 22,5 kg.)

❑ No entanto, "TO WEIGH" pode ser utilizado no sentido conotativo de "avaliar", "pensar bem antes de decidir", "considerar", como por exemplo:
>> No Cambridge Dictionary:
• He weighed all the options before choosing this one.
(Ele considerou todas as opções antes de escolher essa.)
>> No Longman Dictionary:
• It is my job to weigh the evidence.
(É meu trabalho avaliar as evidências.)
>> Free Dictionary:
(Vamos avaliar os fatos!)
• We must weigh the pros and cons of each method.
(Devemos avaliar os prós e os contras de cada método.)

❑ "TO WEIGH" pode ser seguida das preposições ("against", "in" e "with" ) formando as estruturas idiomáticas "WEIGH AGAINST"(influenciar negativamente), "WEIGH IN"("influenciar", "pesar-se antes de uma competição" ou "fazer comentário") "WEIGH WITH". (influenciar)
>> Free Dictionary:
• The decision weighed heavily against us.
(A decisão pesou fortemente contra nós.)
(Ela comentou alguns fatos pertinentes.)
>> No Longman Dictionary:
(O depoimento dela pesou muito para o juiz.)
• These facts will weigh in your favour.
(Esses fatos pesarão a seu favor.)

AVANÇA SP 2022 – PREF. MUNICIPAL DE VINHEDO – PROFESSOR DE LÍNGUA INGLESA.

 

www.avancasp.org.br

  • Texto – Top Environmental Concerns | 
  • 15 Multiple Choice Questions Five-Option Question |
❑ TEXTO 1Read the following text and answer the questions from 26 to 35: 
[1º PARÁGRAFO]
In our modern world, there are many factors that place the wellbeing of the planet in jeopardy
Em nosso mundo moderno, há muitos fatores que colocam o bem-estar do planeta em risco[em perigo].

While some people have the opinion that environmental problems are just a natural occurrence, others believe that human beings have a huge impact on the environment. 
Enquanto algumas pessoas têm a opinião de que os problemas ambientais são apenas uma ocorrência natural, outros acreditam que os seres humanos têm um enorme impacto sobre o ambiente.

Regardless of your viewpoint, take into consideration the following factors that place our environment as well as the planet Earth in danger. 
Independentemente do seu ponto de vista, leve em consideração os seguintes fatores que colocam nosso meio ambiente e o planeta Terra em perigo

[2º PARÁGRAFO]
Global warming or climate change is a major contributing factor to environmental damage.
O aquecimento global, ou mudança climática, é um fator importante que contribui para os danos ambientais.

Because of global warming, we have seen an increase in melting ice caps, a rise in sea levels, and the formation of new weather patterns. 
Devido ao aquecimento global, temos observado um aumento no derretimento das calotas polares, uma elevação do nível do mar e a formação de novos padrões climáticos.

These weather patterns have caused stronger storms, droughts, and flooding in places that they formerly did not occur. 
Esses padrões climáticos têm causado tempestades mais intensas, secas e inundações em locais onde antes não ocorriam.

[3º PARÁGRAFO]
Air pollution is primarily caused as a result of excessive and unregulated emissions of carbon dioxide into the air. 
A poluição do ar é causada principalmente por emissões excessivas e desregulamentadas de dióxido de carbono. 

Pollutants mostly emerge from the burning of fossil fuels in addition to chemicals, toxic substances, and improper waste disposal. 
Os poluentes são gerados principalmente pela queima de combustíveis fósseis, além de produtos químicos, substâncias tóxicas e descarte inadequado de resíduos.

Air pollutants are absorbed into the atmosphere, and they can cause smog, a combination of smoke and fog, in valleys as well as produce acidic precipitation in areas far away from the pollution source. 
Os poluentes atmosféricos são absorvidos pela atmosfera e podem causar "um nevoeiro", uma combinação de fumaça e neblina, em vales, bem como produzir precipitação ácida em áreas distantes da fonte de poluição.

[4º PARÁGRAFO]
In many areas, people and local governments do not sustainably use their natural resources. 
Em muitas áreas, as pessoas e os governos locais não usam seus recursos naturais de forma sustentável.

Mining for natural gases, deforestation, and even improper use of water resources can have tremendous effects on the environment. 
A mineração de gases naturais, o desmatamento e até mesmo o uso indevido dos recursos hídricos podem ter efeitos tremendos sobre o meio ambiente.

While these strategies often attempt to boost local economies, their effects can lead to oil spills, interrupted animal habitats, and droughts. 
Embora essas estratégias muitas vezes tentem impulsionar as economias locais, seus efeitos podem levar a derrames de petróleo, habitats animais interrompidos e secas. 

[5º PARÁGRAFO]
Ultimately, the effects of the modern world on the environment can lead to many problems. 
Em última análise, os efeitos do mundo moderno sobre o meio ambiente podem levar a muitos problemas. 

Human beings need to consider the repercussions of their actions, trying to reduce, reuse, and recycle materials while establishing environmentally sustainable habits. 
Os seres humanos precisam considerar as repercussões de suas ações, buscando reduzir, reutilizar e reciclar materiais, ao mesmo tempo em que estabelecem hábitos ambientalmente sustentáveis.

If measures are not taken to protect the environment, we can potentially witness the extinction of more endangered species, worldwide pollution, and a completely uninhabitable planet. 
Se medidas não forem tomadas para proteger o meio ambiente, podemos potencialmente testemunhar a extinção de mais espécies ameaçadas, poluição global e um planeta completamente inabitável.

26 –  The text’s introduction presents: 
(A) Scientific support regarding global warming. 
(B) Questions about the effects of environmental problems. 
(C) All of the factors that damage the environment. 
(D) Two opinions of environmental problems. 
(E) All answers are incorrect.
•   Gabarito  D  
The text’s introduction presents: 
(A) Scientific support regarding global warming. 
(B) Questions about the effects of environmental problems. 
(C) All of the factors that damage the environment. 
(D) Two opinions of environmental problems. 
(E) All answers are incorrect.

27 – According to the text, which of the following is NOT an environmental damage caused by the global warming? 
(A) Stronger storms. 
(B) Hunger. 
(C) Flooding. 
(D) Droughts. 
(E) All answers are correct.
•   Gabarito  B  
According to the text, which of the following is NOT an environmental damage caused by the global warming? 
(A) Stronger storms. 
(B) Hunger. 
(C) Flooding. 
(D) Droughts. 
(E) All answers are correct.

28 – According to the text, what is the primary cause of air pollution? 
(A) Smog formation in valleys. 
(B) Excessive carbon dioxide emissions. 
(C) Uncontrollable forest fires. 
(D) Heavy amounts of acid precipitation. 
(E) All answers are incorrect.
•   Gabarito  B  
According to the text, what is the primary cause of air pollution? 
(A) Smog formation in valleys. 
(B) Excessive carbon dioxide emissions. 
(C) Uncontrollable forest fires. 
(D) Heavy amounts of acid precipitation. 
(E) All answers are incorrect.

29 – According to the text, what people and local governments do that can have tremendous effects on the environment? 
(A) Mining for natural gases. 
(B) Not sustainably use their natural resources. 
(C) Deforestation. 
(D) Improper use of water resources. 
(E) All answers are correct.
•   Gabarito  E  
According to the text, what people and local governments do that can have tremendous effects on the environment? 
(A) Mining for natural gases. 
(B) Not sustainably use their natural resources. 
(C) Deforestation. 
(D) Improper use of water resources. 
(E) All answers are correct.

30 – According to the text, which could be the best title for the article? 
(A) Top Environmental Concerns. 
(B) Water Conservation Strategies. 
(C) How to Prevent Global Warming. 
(D) Protecting Endangered Species. 
(E) All answers are incorrect.
•   Gabarito  A  
According to the text, which could be the best title for the article? 
(A) Top Environmental Concerns. 
(B) Water Conservation Strategies. 
(C) How to Prevent Global Warming. 
(D) Protecting Endangered Species. 
(E) All answers are incorrect.

31 – Which term means the same thing as “global warming?” 
(A) Deforestation. 
(B) Biodiversity. 
(C) Climate change. 
(D) Air pollution. 
(E) All answers are correct.
•   Gabarito  C  
Which term means the same thing as “global warming?” 
(A) Deforestation. 
(B) Biodiversity. 
(C) Climate change. 
(D) Air pollution. 
(E) All answers are correct.

32 – Choose the option that best replace the word in bold: “In our modern world, there are many factors that place the wellbeing of the planet in jeopardy.” 
(A) Risk. 
(B) Danger. 
(C) Peril. 
(D) Endangerment 
(E) All answer are correct.
•   Gabarito  E  
Choose the option that best replace the word in bold: “In our modern world, there are many factors that place the wellbeing of the planet in jeopardy.” 
(A) Risk. 
(B) Danger. 
(C) Peril. 
(D) Endangerment 
(E) All answer are correct.

33 – Choose the option that best replace the word in bold: “Air pollution is primarily caused as a result of excessive and unregulated emissions of carbon dioxide into the air.” 
(A) Almost. 
(B) Not quite. 
(C) Mainly. 
(D) Always. 
(E) All answer are correct.
•   Gabarito  C  
Choose the option that best replace the word in bold: “Air pollution is primarily caused as a result of excessive and unregulated emissions of carbon dioxide into the air.” 
(A) Almost. 
(B) Not quite. 
(C) Mainly. 
(D) Always. 
(E) All answer are correct.

34 – Choose the option that best replaces the words in bold: “Regardless of your viewpoint, take into consideration the following factors that place our environment as well as the planet Earth in danger.” 
(A) In addiction to. 
(B) As well as. 
(C) Irrespective of. 
(D) On top of. 
(E) All answers are correct.
•   Gabarito  C  
Choose the option that best replaces the words in bold: “Regardless of your viewpoint, take into consideration the following factors that place our environment as well as the planet Earth in danger.” 
(A) In addiction to. 
(B) As well as. 
(C) Irrespective of. 
(D) On top of. 
(E) All answers are correct.

35 – Choose the option that best replaces the words in bold: “Ultimately, the effects of the modern world on the environment can lead to many problems.” 
(A) As a conclusion. 
(B) Foremost. 
(C) Apart from. 
(D) Nevertheless 
(E) All answers are correct.
•   Gabarito  A  
Choose the option that best replaces the words in bold: “Ultimately, the effects of the modern world on the environment can lead to many problems.” 
(A) As a conclusion. 
(B) Foremost. 
(C) Apart from. 
(D) Nevertheless 
(E) All answers are correct.

36 – Read the following sentences and complete, respectively, with the appropriate verbs/adjectives. 
I. “Jennifer does chores ______ because she doesn’t trust others to do them right.” 
II. “This is the first time I’ve ______ this | seen him so angry | seen this | heard about it.” 
III. “The teacher asked _______ coat was on the floor but no one answered.” 
IV. “If I had ______ up earlier this morning, I wouldn’t have caught him red-handed.” 
(A) by she – did – who – woken. 
(B) herself – done – whose – woken. 
(C) as her – do – who's – woke. 
(D) herself – did – whom – wake. 
(E) All answers are correct.
•   Gabarito  B  
Read the following sentences and complete, respectively, with the appropriate verbs/adjectives. 
I. “Jennifer does chores ______ because she doesn’t trust others to do them right.” 
II. “This is the first time I’ve ______ this | seen him so angry | seen this | heard about it.” 
III. “The teacher asked _______ coat was on the floor but no one answered.” 
IV. “If I had ______ up earlier this morning, I wouldn’t have caught him red-handed.” 
(A) by she – did – who – woken. 
(B) herself – done – whose – woken. 
(C) as her – do – who's – woke. 
(D) herself – did – whom – wake. 
(E) All answers are correct.
 
37 – Read the following sentences and complete, respectively, with the appropriate phrasal verb. 
I. “Our sofa is really old. We need to ___ it.” 
II. “After showing James the pie charts and diagrams, I was finally able to ___ him.” 
III. “I feel sorry for Andrew. His brother's always ___ him even when he’s done nothing wrong. 
IV. If Mel thinks she's going to ___ being late again, she's terribly mistaken!” 
(A) get up to – get rid of – getting on with – get through to. 
(B) get rid of – get through to – getting at – get away with. 
(C) get on with – get up to – getting through to – get rid of. 
(D) get throught to – get on with – getting up to – get over. 
(E) All answers are incorrect. 
•   Gabarito  B  
Read the following sentences and complete, respectively, with the appropriate phrasal verb. 
I. “Our sofa is really old. We need to ___ it.” 
II. “After showing James the pie charts and diagrams, I was finally able to ___ him.” 
III. “I feel sorry for Andrew. His brother's always ___ him even when he’s done nothing wrong. 
IV. If Mel thinks she's going to ___ being late again, she's terribly mistaken!”
(A) get up to – get rid of – getting on with – get through to. 
(B) get rid of – get through to – getting at – get away with. 
(C) get on with – get up to – getting through to – get rid of. 
(D) get throught to – get on with – getting up to – get over. 
(E) All answers are incorrect.
  "GET AWAY WITH" é um phrasal verb inseparável(objeto sempre após a preposição "with"), e frequentemente usado quando se trata de evitar punição, em contexto onde alguém faz algo errado, faz algo arriscado, ou mesmo até, pratica um ilícito e não sofre as consequências esperadas, seja por sorte ou habilidade em enganar. Trocando em miúdos, "GET AWAY WITH" seria o equivalente a "sair impune", "se safar", "sair ileso". O phrasal verb "GOT AWAY WITH" é sinônimo de por exemplo, "avoided punishment for", "escaped from" ou "succeed with.
>> Exemplo do Cambridge Dictionary:
(Ele mentiu e escapou impune!)
>> Exemplo do Collins Dictionary:
• Some people lie and cheat and always seem to get away with it.
(Algumas pessoas mentem e trapaceiam, e sempre parecem escapar impunes)

38 – Choose the option where both grammar and vocabulary are correct: 
I. “Many tourists will have been expected to arrive in Spain this year and the next.” 
II. “Fossil fuels will have been found lacking in any search conducted by the year 2050.” 
III. “Stonehenge will have been visited by at least a thousand visitors by the end of this year.” 
IV. “The speed of light will not have been exceeded by any type of craft at any point in the future.” 
(A) I and II. 
(B) II, III and IV. 
(C) III only. 
(D) I and III. 
(E) All sentences are correct.
•   Gabarito  B  
Choose the option where both grammar and vocabulary are correct: 
I. “Many tourists will have been expected to arrive in Spain this year and the next.” 
II. “Fossil fuels will have been found lacking in any search conducted by the year 2050.” 
III. “Stonehenge will have been visited by at least a thousand visitors by the end of this year.” 
IV. “The speed of light will not have been exceeded by any type of craft at any point in the future.” 
(A) I and II. 
(B) II, III and IV. 
(C) III only. 
(D) I and III. 
(E) All sentences are correct.

39 – Choose the option where both grammar and vocabulary are correct: 
I. “We looked for witnesses, but the neighbors had not seen Tootles in the act.” 
II. “If Todd had not included his own name in the message, we would had no idea who was behind it.” 
III. “I have knew Victoria for a long time, I can assure that she will help.” 
IV. “The new drug will have been implemented within the pharmaceutical companies by this year.” 
(A) I, II and III. 
(B) II and III. 
(C) III and IV. 
(D) I and IV. 
(E) All sentences are correct. 
•   Gabarito  D  
Choose the option where both grammar and vocabulary are correct: 
I. “We looked for witnesses, but the neighbors had not seen Tootles in the act.” 
II. “If Todd had not included his own name in the message, we would had no idea who was behind it.” 
III. “I have knew Victoria for a long time, I can assure that she will help.” 
IV. “The new drug will have been implemented within the pharmaceutical companies by this year.” 
(A) I, II and III. 
(B) II and III. 
(C) III and IV. 
(D) I and IV. 
(E) All sentences are correct.

40 – Choose the option where both grammar and vocabulary are correct: 
I. “Thomas said he was going to a class after lunch.” 
II. “The weather forecast said that it was going to rain on the following day." 
III. “My husband said that there was a great movie on TV that day." 
IV. “My apologies, but he said he had miss the train.” 
(A) I, II and III. 
(B) I and IV. 
(C) II and III. 
(D) IV only. 
(E) All sentences are correct.
•   Gabarito  A  
Choose the option where both grammar and vocabulary are correct: 
I. “Thomas said he was going to a class after lunch.” 
II. “The weather forecast said that it was going to rain on the following day." 
III. “My husband said that there was a great movie on TV that day." 
IV. “My apologies, but he said he had miss the train.” 
(A) I, II and III. 
(B) I and IV. 
(C) II and III. 
(D) IV only. 
(E) All sentences are correct.