FGV-2014-EBAPE-RJ-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE-LÍNGUA INGLESA - Escola Brasileira de ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA E DE EMPRESAS da FGV - Prova com gabarito.

Welcome back to another post!

➧ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: FGV-2014-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR 2ºSEMESTRE, aplicação em 01/06/2014.

➧ BANCA/ORGANIZADOR: FGV-EBAPE-Escola Brasileira de ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA E DE EMPRESAS.

➧ PADRÃO/COMPOSIÇÃO DA PROVA: 15 questões do tipo múltipla escolha (A,B,C,D,E).

➧ GABARITO:

01-C, 02-D, 03-E, 04-B, 05-A

06-B, 07-A, 08-C, 09-E, 10-D

11-A, 12-E, 13-D, 14-C, 15-B

➧ VOCABULÁRIO: 

1-VERBS:

• [to back = support = apoiar, dar apoio]

• [to choose (choose, chose, chosen) = escolher, optar]

• [to depose (diPôuz)= overthrow (ôvôrFrôu) = destituir, derrubar]

• [to win (win, won, won) = ganhar]

2-PHRASAL VERBS - USES:

• [to fall apart = desmoronar]

• [to set up (1) = instalar, fundar]

• [to set up (2) = planejar, organizar]

• [to set up (3) = causar]

3-PERFECT TENSE - USES:

• [they have continued to support = continuaram a apoiar]

• [they have lost = perderam]

• [Egyptians had once given them = Os egípcios uma vez lhes deram]

• [the party has behaved reasonably = o partido tem se comportado de maneira razoável]

• [The party has avoided imposing = O partido evitou impor]

4-NOUN:

• [Algeria (áuDjíuria)= Argélia]

• [approval (aPrúvôu) = aprovação]

• [attempt = tentativa]

• [commitment (kãMêtch'Méntch) = compromisso]

• [compensation = compensação, recompensa]

• [Egypt (iDjéptch) = Egito]

• [election (êLékxén) = eleição]

• [refusal (rêFíuzôu) = recusa, negação]

• [suspicion (sôsPêxén) = suspeita, desconfiança]

• [support = apoio]

5-ADJECTIVES:

• [arab (Éurâb) = árabe]

• [conservative (kãnSôrvêdêv) = conservador]

• [doomed (Dhû'md) = condenado, sentenciado]

• [easy (Ízi) = fácil]

• [heavy-handed = grosseiro, desastrado]

• [Islamist (êzLãméstch) = Islamista]

• [unopposed (ãnêPôuztch) = sem oposição, não teve oposição]

• [widespread = muito difundido, generalizado]

6-ADVERBS:

• [at the same time = ao mesmo tempo]

• [increasingly = cada vez mais]

• [reasonably (Rízãnôblí) = de maneira razoável]

• [so far = até agora]

7-NOUN PHRASES(Adjective+noun):

• [Algerian military = militares argelinos]

• [Arab world = mundo árabe]

• [civil war = guerra civil]

• [conservative country = país conservador]

• [democratic political victories = vitórias políticas democráticas]

• [democratic opposition = oposição democrática]

• [democratic process = processo democrático]

• [election day = dia da eleição]

• [free elections = eleições livres]

• [liberal parties = partidos liberais]

• [painful decision = decisão dolorosa]

• [widespread support = apoio generalizado]

8-COLLOCATIONS:

• [to face frustration = enfrentar a frustração]

9-TECHNICAL ENGLISH:

• [dictatorship (dêkTêirôxêp) = ditadura]

• [democracy (dêMókrassÍ) = democracia]

• [grassroots support = apoio de base, apoio muito popular, vem de baixo para cima]

10-LINKING WORDS:

• [But even under = Mas mesmo sob]

• [in order to = a fim de, no intuito de]

11-GENITIVE CASE:

• [Algeria’s democracy = Democracia da Argélia]

• [Algeria’s military and liberal elite = Elite militar e liberal da Argélia]

• [Egypt’s liberals = Liberais egípcios]

• [Egypt’s military = Militares egípcios]

• [President Mohamed Morsi’s Islamist government = o governo islâmico do presidente Mohamed Morsi.]

• [the country’s democratic elections = as eleições democráticas do país.]

12-FALSE COGNATES:

(A) support X suportar:

• [support (sôPôrtch) = sustentar, apoiar, corroborar.  NÃO É suportar.]

• [suportar = tolerate(thólôRêitch)]

• TEXTO 1:

Liberals and Islamists

By Shadi Hamid

1

It’s not easy being a liberal in the Arab world; you are doomed to face frustration on election day. In a religiously conservative country like Egypt, it is difficult for liberal parties — which often lack deep local networks and grassroots support — to win in free elections. But even under the increasingly heavyhanded rule of President Mohamed Morsi and his Muslim Brotherhood allies, liberals had a chance to work within the system to counterbalance Morsi. Most liberals opted not to meet that challenge and supported the June 2012 dissolution of Egypt’s democratically elected parliament. And when the military deposed Morsi on July 3, most backed that move too. “It was a painful decision,” said Mohamed ElBaradei, Egypt’s most prominent liberal politician, who has taken the position of acting Vice President in the new militarybacked government. “It was outside the legal framework, but we had no other choice.”
2
The liberal chorus that supported Morsi’s expulsion argues it is sometimes necessary to put democracy on pause in order to save it. That’s an old story. In Algeria, liberals largely stood by — or actively cheered on — as the military aborted the country’s 1992 elections when Islamists were poised to win, provoking a bloody civil war that would rage for years. Algerian democracy remains paused to this day. Yet, many liberals across the Arab world fear, even hate, Islamists more than they are willing to believe in democracy.
3
In the Egyptian context, the word liberal is often used as a general term for people who don’t like Islamists. It is unclear what liberalism really means in a country like Egypt, where many who would selfidentify as liberal engage in army worship or believe Islamist parties should be banned from even contesting elections in the first place. On the other hand, Islamists have a distinctive worldview — and a project for transforming the individual and society in accordance with Islamic law. Liberals and Islamists have become ever more ideologically divided in the Arab Spring countries.
4
Take the situation in which Tunisia’s Ennahda party finds itself, especially since the recent assassinations of two leftist politicans have threatened to block the democratic transition. The Islamist party has avoided many of the mistakes of its Egyptian counterparts. It has governed in coalition with two secular parties, withdrawn references to Islamic law in the draft constitution, and has done very little that could be considered extremist. Yet Tunisia’s liberals routinely accuse Ennahda of being hidden radicals waiting for the right moment to implement an extremist agenda.
5
Many Egyptian liberals have given way to their fears, leading them to embrace a military hungry for control. The new order has quickly proved more repressive than the Morsi government ever was during its one year in power. The Ministry of Interior has announced the reinstatement of departments to monitor political and religious activism. And Egyptians have just seen what happens when protesters defy the military; security forces shot dead at least 140 Morsi supporters on July 8 and July 27.
6
Just after the coup, ElBaradei declared: “[The army] has no interest in taking a forward role in politics.” Such talk now looks absurd.

Adapted from

Time, August 12, 2013.

01 – (FGV-2014-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

According to the information in the article,

Egypt’s liberals, in general,

(A) can win democratic political victories only with the support of Egypt’s military.
(B) have lost most of the widespread support that the great mass of Egyptians had once given them.
(C chose not to set up a democratic opposition to President Mohamed Morsi.
(D) have continued to support Egypt’s democratically elected parliament while, at the same time, being opposed to President Mohamed Morsi.
(E) remained neutral when President Mohamed Morsi was removed from power by Egypt’s military.

02 – (FGV-2014-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

In paragraph 1, when Mohamed ElBaradei says,

“It was a painful decision,”

he most likely is referring to his

(A) refusal to accept a position in President Mohamed Morsi’s Islamist government.
(B) belief that democracy will never work in Egypt.
(C) offer to support, in the beginning, President Mohamed Morsi’s Islamist government.
(D) approval of the military action that removed President Mohamed Morsi from power.
(E) attempt to justify the massacre of Muslim radicals.

• No 1º parágrafo, quando Mohamed ElBaradei diz: "Foi uma decisão dolorosa", ele provavelmente está se referindo à sua...

(A) refusal to accept a position in President Mohamed Morsi’s Islamist government.

• recusa em aceitar um cargo no governo islâmico do presidente Mohamed Morsi.
(B) belief that democracy will never work in Egypt.

• crença de que a democracia nunca funcionará no Egito.
(C) offer to support, in the beginning, President Mohamed Morsi’s Islamist government.

• oferta de apoiar, no início, o governo islâmico do presidente Mohamed Morsi.
(D) approval of the military action that removed President Mohamed Morsi from power.

• aprovação da ação militar que retirou o presidente Mohamed Morsi do poder.

• Informação (D) de acordo com o trecho:

• "[...] And when the military deposed Morsi on July 3, most backed that move too. “It was a painful decision,” said Mohamed ElBaradei, Egypt’s most prominent liberal politician, who has taken the position of acting Vice President in the new military backed government. “It was outside the legal framework, but we had no other choice.”

• E quando os militares depuseram Morsi em 3 de julho, a maioria apoiou esse movimento também. “Foi uma decisão dolorosa”, disse Mohamed ElBaradei, o político liberal mais proeminente do Egito, que assumiu a posição de vice-presidente interino do novo governo apoiado pelos militares. “Estava fora do quadro legal, mas não tínhamos outra escolha.”

(E) attempt to justify the massacre of Muslim radicals.

• tentativa de justificar o massacre de radicais muçulmanos.

03 – (FGV-2014-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

In paragraph 2, “That” in the sentence “That is an old story”

most likely refers to

(A) the perennial failure of democracy in Egypt.
(B) military interference in Egyptian politics.
(C) the idea that dictatorships are more efficient than democracies.
(D) refusing to let democratically elected religious figures run a country.
(E) dismantling a democracy in order to preserve it.

04 – (FGV-2014-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

According to the information in the article, which of the following most likely happened in Algeria in 1992?

(A) The Algerian military was unopposed when it annulled the country’s democratic elections.
(B) A serious military intervention in Algerian politics encountered, in general, no liberal opposition.
(C) Algeria’s military and liberal elite conspired to overthrow the country’s democratically elected Islamist government.
(D) A civil war between Islamists and the Algerian military nearly destroyed the country.
(E) Having lost the support of liberals, Islamists, and the Algerian military, Algeria’s democracy fell apart.

05 – (FGV-2014-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

With respect to the situation in Egypt, which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?

(A) In Egyptian terms, even the army may be considered a liberal institution.
(B) Every Egyptian defines liberalism in his or her own way.
(C) Liberals in Egypt are more radically anti-Islamist than they are in other Arab countries.
(D) In Egypt, liberalism is the same as atheism.
(E) Despite many conflicts, Egypt’s liberal politicians are still the most enthusiastic supporters of democracy.

06 – (FGV-2014-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

With respect to Tunisia’s Ennahda party, which of the following is not supported by the information in the article?

(A) The party has shown itself to be more politically skillful than Egypt’s Mohamed Morsi and Muslim Brotherhood.
(B) Two of the party’s important officials were recently murdered.
(C) The party has avoided imposing all of its beliefs on the Tunisian people.
(D) The party has so far demonstrated a commitment to the democratic process.
(E) Though the party has behaved reasonably, Tunisian liberals view it with suspicion.

07 – (FGV-2014-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

Which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?

(A) By opposing democratically elected Islamists, Egypt’s liberals have helped to make the country’s situation in some ways even worse.
(B) The Egyptian military lied to the country’s liberals when it said it had no intention of deposing President Mohamed Morsi.
(C) Although proclaiming their belief in democracy, Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood was a group of secret radicals planning to institute an authoritarian government.
(D) The Egyptian Army is in a crisis, as it is divided between pro-democracy officers and proIslamist officers.
(E) The violent removal of President Mohamed Morsi is proof that Egypt is not ready for democracy.

08 – (FGV-2014-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

According to Mohamed ElBaradei,

(A) the removal of President Mohamed Morsi was the least painful of a number of hard political choices.
(B) though he did not actively support the removal of President Mohamed Morsi, he could not actively oppose it.
(C) he believed that he had to support the army’s removal of President Mohamed Morsi, even though it was an essentially unlawful act.
(D) a military government is preferable to a religious government.
(E) the Egyptian Army´s only desire is to build a stable democracy in Egypt.

• TEXTO 2:

Airline compensation

By Susan Stellin

1

The day I was supposed to fly from London to Newark this spring, British Airways sent an e-mail saying the flight had been canceled. When I called to rebook, the British Airways agent offered a flight two hours earlier, which meant my boyfriend and I had to drop everything and race to Heathrow. The payoff came a month later, when the airline sent a check for $787 (300 euros each), compensation for our inconvenience.
2
Travelers on flights that are canceled or delayed must often accept whatever rebooking an airline offers, even if it means getting stranded at an airport for days. In the United States airlines aren’t required to compensate passengers on delayed or canceled flights, but it’s a different story in Europe. The payment that my boyfriend and I received was required by the European Union’s passenger rights law, EC 261, which obligates airlines to pay for a hotel room and meals if travelers are stranded because of a cancellation or delay.
3
If the problem is the airline’s fault — for instance, our cancellation was due to a malfunctioning plane — the carrier is supposed to compensate passengers up to 600 euros, based on the length of the flight and how long you’re delayed. I was surprised that we qualified since we actually got an earlier flight, but the law covers situations when passengers have little advance notice and have to change their plans.
4
EC 261 applies to any airline departing from the European Union — including American carriers — and European airlines flying to or from Europe. It was adopted in 2005; since then, similar rules have been extended to passengers traveling within Europe by rail, ship or bus.
5
In theory, the law gives travelers greater protection in Europe than in the United States. In practice, airlines on both sides of the Atlantic have resisted paying some of these benefits, and many passengers do not even know these rights exist. The e-mails British Airways sent me didn’t mention compensation, and neither did the agent I spoke with. I knew about the law so I found the information on the airline’s Internet site. But the claims process was easy, and British Airways paid quickly.

6
“You’re lucky you got your money,” said Dale Kidd, a spokesman for the European Commission. “Generally, it depends on the airline, but some are better than others at paying claims.” So which airlines are the worst offenders? “I’d prefer not to do naming and shaming,” Mr. Kidd said. “It depends a lot on the persistence of the victim making the claim.”
7
One reason airlines have resisted this regulation is disagreement over who should be responsible for stranded travelers when major disruptions occur — like the volcanic ash cloud that caused more than 100,000 flight cancellations in Europe in 2010. “The ash cloud went on for eight or nine days, so it’s probably unreasonable to expect a carrier to put you up at the Hilton for that length of time,” Mr. Kidd conceded. Indeed, the airline industry says carriers lost nearly $2 billion because of the cloud, including expenses for hotel bills, although some airlines refused to pay these claims.

Adapted from

The International Herald Tribune,

August 31 – September 1, 2013.

09 – (FGV-2014-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

According to the information in the article, what happened to the author on the day she was going to fly from London to Newark, New Jersey?

(A) Because British Airways cancelled her flight, she had to take a later, more expensive flight on that day. 
(B) British Airways offered her a monetary incentive to take an earlier flight.
(C) She had to cancel her flight because British Airways had misinformed her about the departure time.
(D) Because of a scheduling mistake, she had to reserve a flight at an earlier departure time on the following day.
(E) She was involved in a flight-scheduling problem, which led to her receiving a monetary compensation from British Airways.

10 – (FGV-2014-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

In paragraph 2, the phrase “…it’s a different story in Europe” 

most likely refers to which of the following?

(A) Airline passengers encounter fewer travel problems in Europe than they do in the United States.
(B) In Europe, travelers whose flights are cancelled may opt to take a different flight on another airline.
(C) Airlines in Europe cancel or delay fewer flights than do airlines in the United States.
(D) In Europe, a law says that an airline cannot cancel or delay a flight and then simply forget about the passengers.
(E) Because they must operate in a strongly regulated market, airlines in Europe are less profitable than are airlines in the United States.

11 – (FGV-2014-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

According to the information in the article, the author received compensation under European Union law EC 261 because British Airways had

(A) made her rearrange her travel plans in a hurry.
(B) failed to inform her correctly of the flight cancellation.
(C) arbitrarily assigned her to a less-expensive seat on a different flight.
(D) refused to pay for her hotel room and meals.
(E) canceled her flight without offering her an alternative flight.

12 – (FGV-2014-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

According to the information in the article, a traveler’s rights would most likely not come under European Union protection in which of the following circumstances?

(A) A bus going from France to Germany
(B) A German airliner flying from Berlin to Mexico City
(C) An American airliner flying from any city in the European Union to the United States
(D) A passenger train going from one Italian destination to another
(E) A passenger ship sailing from any European Union port to the United States

13 – (FGV-2014-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

Which of the following statements is most supported by the information in the article?

(A) The European Union currently has no way to make U.S. airlines comply with EC 261.
(B) Some U.S. airlines have deliberately misinformed passengers about rights protected by EC 261.
(C) Among European airlines, British Airways is the most cooperative in compensating passengers, as stipulated in EC 261.
(D) Neither British Airways nor its agent made any attempt to inform the author of her rights as stipulated in EC 261.
(E) The author only discovered the existence of EC 261 because she checked the British Airways Internet site.

14 – (FGV-2014-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

In paragraph 6, when Dale Kidd says “I’d prefer not to do naming and shaming,”

he most likely means that

(A) European Commission regulations forbid him to divulge the names of airlines under investigation.
(B) he has no evidence to prove that certain airlines have disrespected EC 261.
(C) he doesn’t want to embarrass publicly any specific airline.
(D) the European Commission’s policy is to negotiate with airlines rather than prosecute them.
(E) it’s the responsibility of passengers to make sure they receive compensation when an airline disrespects EC 261.

15 – (FGV-2014-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

According to the information in the article,

the situation created by the volcanic ash cloud

(A) nearly bankrupted a number of European airlines.
(B) showed why airlines are challenging one controversial aspect of EC 261.
(C) caused a record number of airline flights to be cancelled.
(D) forced airlines in Europe pay nearly $2 billion in order to provide hotel rooms for stranded passengers.
(E) made the European Commission decide to change certain controversial aspects of EC 261.