FGV-2016-EBAPE-RJ-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE-LÍNGUA INGLESA - Escola Brasileira de ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA E DE EMPRESAS da FGV - Prova com gabarito.

Welcome back to another post!

➧ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: FGV-2016-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR 1ºSEMESTRE, aplicação em 18/10/2015.

➧ BANCA/ORGANIZADOR: FGV-EBAPE-Escola Brasileira de ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA E DE EMPRESAS.

➧ PADRÃO/COMPOSIÇÃO DA PROVA: 15 questões do tipo múltipla escolha (A,B,C,D,E).

➧ GABARITO:

01-A, 02-B, 03-B, 04-C, 05-E

06-C, 07-D, 08-A, 09-C, 10-D

11-B, 12-E, 13-A, 14-D, 15-E

➧ VOCABULÁRIO: 

1-VERBS:

• [championing the value = defendendo o valor]

• [hopes to make China strong = espera tornar a China forte]

• [and eager to learn how to actually speak = e ansioso para aprender a falar de verdade]

• [and enrolled in bilingual kindergartens = e matriculam-se em jardins de infância bilíngues]

• [after we master English = depois de dominarmos o inglês]

• [and speak confident English = e falam inglês com segurança]

• [Some commentators wondered if the proposal = Alguns comentaristas se perguntaram se a proposta]

2-PHRASAL VERBS - USES:

• [and intellectuals are relying on foreign media sites = e os intelectuais dependem de sites de mídia estrangeira]

• [It turned out, however, = Descobriu-se, no entanto,]

3-PERFECT TENSE - USES:

• [learning English has long been a national obsession = aprender inglês sempre foi uma obsessão nacional]

4-MODAL VERBS - USES:

• [I would like to sell myself = gostaria de me vender]

5-NOUN:

• [announcement = anúncio]

• [cheers = aplausos]

• [employee = funcionário]

• [kindergartens = jardins de infância]

6-ADJECTIVES:

• [flawless = impecável, perfeito, sem defeito]

• [stupid = estúpido, bobo]

• [uninformed = desinformado]

7-NOUN PHRASES(Adjective+noun):

• [a minor executive = um executivo menor]

• [a firm handshake = um aperto de mão firme]

• [a flawless British accent = um sotaque britânico impecável]

• [a required subject = uma matéria obrigatória]

• [education authorities = as autoridades educacionais]

• [In wealthy middle-class families = Em famílias ricas de classe média]

• [purpose = objetivo]

• [unfiltered news = notícias não filtradas]

• [the Great Fire Wall = a Grande Muralha de Incêndio]

• [western culture = cultura ocidental]

8-IDIOMS(Expressões Idiomáticas):

• [around my age = mais ou menos da minha idade]

• [in the long run = no longo prazo]

• [It’s a step backward = É um retrocesso]

• [on the university entrance exam = no vestibular]

• [tiny children = crianças pequenas]

9-COLLOCATIONS:

• [after 10pm on weekdays = depois das 22h nos dias de semana]

• [at a time when = em um momento em que]

• [At school =Na escola]

• [Late last year = No final do ano passado]

• [so that = para que ]

• [though slightly accented = embora com um leve sotaque]

10-TECHNICAL ENGLISH:

• [Human Resources = Recursos Humanos]

• [the Communist Party = o Partido Comunista]

11-FALSE COGNATES:

• [college = faculdade]

• [high school students = alunos do ensino médio]

• [parents = pais]

➧ TEXTO I:

LETTER FROM BEIJING

By Helen Gao

1

In April, I started a job teaching English to two Chinese employees at the Beijing branch of a multinational company. I imagined my students would be recent graduates, around my age, and eager to learn how to actually speak the language they have spent their life studying. It turned out, however, that Ken and Margaret are both in their 40s, hold senior positions at the company, and speak confident English, though slightly accented.

2
With a firm handshake, Ken, a new employee at the firm, told me he wanted to improve his English pronunciation so that his European colleagues would not “mistake me for a minor executive at the company.” Margaret explained that before “selling my company to international clients, I would like to sell myself.” Both Ken and Margaret stay in the office after 10pm on weekdays to take lessons with me.
3
Although western culture is still viewed with some suspicion, learning English has long been a national obsession. In wealthy middle-class families, tiny children who have only just begun to speak a few words in Chinese are soon sat down in front of Disney movies and enrolled in bilingual kindergartens. At school, English is taught from a young age and is a required subject on the university entrance exam. Diligent learners like Margaret and Ken continue to pursue English long after school, hoping it will give them an advantage in the workplace.
4
Recently, however, a reaction against English learning has developed. Late last year, education authorities in Beijing said they would diminish the weight of English in the college admissions process, with the purpose of “reducing academic pressure for high school students.” The announcement was met with many cheers online: some, championing the value of traditional Chinese culture, believe subjects such as classical Chinese and calligraphy deserve more attention than English. Others argue that English proves useful for only a small fraction of Chinese students after university, too few to justify its mandatory status.
5
A few saw it differently. Some commentators wondered if the proposal reveals the insecurity of the Communist Party, at a time when the country’s elite are emigrating en masse and intellectuals are relying on foreign media sites to access unfiltered news. “Are you afraid that we will all flee to the US after we master English?” one suggested. “It is another way of keeping us stupid and uninformed,” another said. “It’s the same as building the Great Fire Wall for our internet… It’s a step backward, motivated by political conservatism.”
6
Most parents and educators doubt the policy will reduce people’s enthusiasm towards English in the long run. The tangible benefits that proficiency in English can bring—admission to western universities and jobs in multinational firms—are strong incentives, as is the popularity of western pop culture. But there are subtler advantages, too. Younger generations are striving to refine their increasingly cosmopolitan image, and English serves as a symbol for this ambition as well as a tool to realise it. Nothing better announces cultural distinction than the ability to quote from Downton Abbey with a flawless British accent or to order from an English menu at an upscale Shanghai restaurant.

Adapted from mêçëéÉÅí, July 2014.

01 – (FGV-2016-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE)

With respect to the author’s two new English students, the information in the article most supports which of the following?

(A)Though they were still trying to study English, their way of using that language showed little insecurity.
(B) Surprisingly, they were both relatively young, considering the important positions that they held in their companies.
(C) Though they both worked for Chinese firms, they themselves were not native Chinese.
(D) Besides being corporate executives, they were also enrolled in college graduate programs.
(E) Both of them were working hard to be promoted to executive positions in their respective companies.

• ANSWER (A)

- Com relação aos dois novos alunos de inglês do autor, qual dos seguintes informações tem suporte no artigo?

(A) Though they were still trying to study English, their way of using that language showed little insecurity.(Embora ainda estivessem tentando estudar inglês, sua forma de usar essa língua mostrava pouca insegurança.)
(B) Surprisingly, they were both relatively young, considering the important positions that they held in their companies.(Surpreendentemente, ambos eram relativamente jovens, considerando os cargos importantes que ocuparam em suas empresas.)

(C) Though they both worked for Chinese firms, they themselves were not native Chinese.(Embora ambos trabalhassem para empresas chinesas, eles próprios não eram chineses nativos.)

(D) Besides being corporate executives, they were also enrolled in college graduate programs.(Além de executivos corporativos, eles também estavam matriculados em programas de pós-graduação.)

(E) Both of them were working hard to be promoted to executive positions in their respective companies.(Ambos estavam trabalhando muito para serem promovidos a cargos executivos em suas respectivas empresas.)

- A questão 31 objetiva identificar relações semânticas entre partes do texto, identificar informações que tenha suporte no artigo, expressões semanticamente equivalentes. 

- EXPLANATION:

1) A alternativa (a) sugere que 'Though they were still trying to study English, their way of using that language showed little insecurity.'

- Veja o trecho no texto:

'[...]...Ken...told me he wanted to improve his English pronunciation so that his European colleagues would not “mistake me for a minor executive at the company.”

- Note que, Ken temia que alguns de seus colegas europeus falantes de inglês pensassem que ele era menos importante do que realmente era, ou seja, Ken queria melhorar pois ele se achava inseguro em relação a forma de usar o idioma inglês.

- Portanto a expressão "little insecurity" invalida a afirmativa.

2) A alternativa (b) sugere que 'Surprisingly, they were both relatively young, considering the important positions that they held in their companies.'

- Veja o trecho do texto:

'[...] I imagined my students would be recent graduates, around my age....It turned out, however, that Ken and Margaret are both in their 40s, hold senior positions at the company, and speak confident English, though slightly accented.'

- Note que o texto afirma que Ken and Margaret 'are both in their 40s,'

- O texto não menciona que 'they were both relatively young', portanto afirmativa (b) eliminada.

3) A alternativa (c) sugere que 'Though they both worked for Chinese firms, they themselves were not native Chinese.'

- Veja os 2 trechos no texto:

'[...]...Ken...told me he wanted to improve his English pronunciation so that his European colleagues would not “mistake me for a minor executive at the company.”

'[...] Margaret explained that before “selling my company to international clients, I would like to sell myself.”

- Note que, Ken é funcionário executivo de uma empresa enquanto que Margaret é dona de empresa, portanto a oração 'both worked for Chinese firms,' invalida a afirmativa (b).

4) A alternativa (d) sugere que 'Besides being corporate executives, they were also enrolled in college graduate programs.'

- Veja o trecho do texto:

'[...] Diligent learners like Margaret and Ken continue to pursue English long after school, hoping it will give them an advantage in the workplace.'

- O texto não menciona que eles também estavam matriculados em programas de pós-graduação.

- O texto afirma que Margaret e Ken continuam a buscar o inglês muito depois da escola, esperando que isso lhes dê uma vantagem no local de trabalho e não menciona 'they were also enrolled in college graduate programs.'. Portanto afirmativa (d) extrapolou o texto.

5) A alternativa (e) sugere que 'Both of them were working hard to be promoted to executive positions in their respective companies.'

- Informação não tem suporte no texto, não nenhuma expressão textual que transmita a ideia de que 'Both of them were working hard'.

02 – (FGV-2016-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE)

According to the information in the article,

Ken 

(A) was a Human Resources executive in China who worked closely with English-speaking European colleagues.
(B) was afraid that some of his English-speaking European colleagues would think he was less important than he really was.
(C) wanted to improve his English so that he could work in Europe.
(D) would have had perfect English, except that he spoke with a strong chinese accent.
(E) could only study English after 10pm on weekdays.

03 – (FGV-2016-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE)

With respect to Margaret, which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?

(A) She wants a multinational corporation to buy the company that she owns.
(B) She hopes that a good command of English will help her to make a positive first impression when she meets potential customers.
(C) She believes that fluent English will help her to find a good job in a multinational company.
(D) She is competing with Ken for the top job in the multinational company where they both work.
(E) She is aware that her English has serious flaws, which she hopes to correct by having private English lessons at night.

With respect to Margaret, which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?

04 – (FGV-2016-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE)

In paragraph 3, the author most likely mentions Disney movies to highligh

(A) the extent to which Western culture is becoming more and more accepted in China.
(B) how some middle-class Chinese parents want their children to learn English even before they learn Chinese.
(C) technique that middle-class Chinese parents are using to make sure their children start learning English at an early age.

(D) the creativity of  certain middle-class Chinese parents, who want their children to learn English at home, instead of at a school.
(E) just one of the many interesting ways in which Chinese parents are convincing their children that learning English is fun.

05 – (FGV-2016-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE)

With respect to the current reaction against the English language in China, the article mentions all of the following as possible reasons except:

(A) some Chinese think that putting great emphasis on English is a threat to the country’s traditional culture.
(B) fluency in English makes it easier for some Chinese to receive uncensored information from abroad.
(C) if someone speaks no language other than Chinese, that person is more likely to stay in China.

(D) the number of Chinese who will actually find the English language a practical advantage in their daily lives is relatively small.
(E) China’s new policy is to increase dramatically the number of students enrolled in domestic colleges and universities.

06 – (FGV-2016-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE)

In paragraph 5, “it” in the sentence “A few saw it differently” most likely refers to which of the following?

(A) The conflict between those in China who favor mandatory English instruction in schools and those who oppose such instruction.
(B) The controversial belief that Chinese high school students are finding it too hard to master the English language.
(C) The Chinese government’s plan to make English less important for those trying to enter college a The campaign to make English an optional, rather than required, course in China’s high schools.
(E) The rejection of English that has become apparent in many segments of Chinese society.

07 – (FGV-2016-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE)

Which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?

(A) At present, only the most ignorant Chinese support the Communist Party.
(B) A strong, prosperous economy has made the great majority of Chinese complacent and uninterested in politics.
(C) Nowadays, only intellectuals really suffer in China.
(D) Many of the most successful Chinese in fact want to leave the country.
(E) The Communist Party hopes to make China strong by keeping the people stupid and uninformed.

08 – (FGV-2016-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE)

In the last paragraph, when the author mentions

“the ability…to order from an English menu at an upscale Shanghai restaurant,”

she is most likely trying to

(A) give an example of one way that a young Chinese man or woman can gain prestige by having good English.
(B) illustrate how many young Chinese have begun to trivialize the great practical importance of having good English.
(C)show why younger generations of Chinese are abandoning their native cultural traditions in favor of Western culture.
(D) emphasize that social skills, as well as professional ones, are important for young people in China who want to work for multinational firms.
(E) highlight the role that globalization and the English language have played in promoting greater understanding between the Chinese and Western cultures.

➧ TEXTO II:

SMALLPOX (VARÍOLA)

1

SMALLPOX is a horrible disease. It is easily transmitted, causes blisters all over the body, and kills around 30% of those it infects. Or rather, it did, for smallpox no longer exists in nature. After a decades-long campaign of vaccination, the last wild 
case was diagnosed in 1977. Three years later, the World Health Organisation (WHO) declared the world free of the disease. The annihilation of an illness that as recently as 1967 was slaughtering 2 million people a year is rightly seen as a triumph of modern medicine.
2
But the virus is not gone completely. Officially, two reservoirs remain, behind locked doors and strict biosafety protocols, in secure laboratories run by America’s Centres for Disease Control (CDC) and the State Research Centre of Virology and Biotechnology, in Russia. On July 8th, though, the CDC announced that health researchers in Maryland had discovered vials of smallpox sitting in a forgotten refrigerator in a corner of a storehouse belonging to the Food and Drug Administration, America’s medical regulator.
3
As soon as the vials were discovered they were taken to the CDC’s headquarters, in Atlanta, where they are being tested to see if they are still infectious. That done, they will be destroyed under the supervision of the WHO. The FBI, meanwhile, is trying to work out where they came from—they seem to date from the 1950s—and how they were forgotten. The whole episode is embarrassing. It will also provide more fuel for a long-running argument about whether hanging on to smallpox samples, even in the official labs, is a good idea.
4
Many, including scientists involved in the original eradication campaign, think there is no reason to retain such a pestilential pathogen, and that the job of eliminating it should be finished properly. A report by the WHO in 2010 agreed. The revelation that America, which might be expected to have good record-keeping, cannot keep track of all its samples does little to inspire trust.
5
But the discovery can be argued the other way, too. The official justification for keeping the samples is that they would help researchers to fight a renewed outbreak of the disease, either from an undetected natural reservoir or if some unethical country had hung on to samples of its own, perhaps with a view to building a biological weapon out of them. And this is not the first time that forgotten samples have been discovered: a cache turned up in eastern Europe in the 1990s, and in 2003 an envelope full of scabs from 19th-century vaccinations was found in a library in New Mexico.

Adapted from

The Economist, July 12th - 18th 2014.

09 – (FGV-2016-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE)

Which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?

(A) Many years ago, the lack of an effective smallpox vaccine meant that the disease was almost always fatal.
(B) Nowadays, many people believe erroneously that smallpox no longer exists anywhere in the world.
(C) The number of people infected with smallpox in 1967 was probably greater than 2 million.
(D) Because of new developments in medicine, fewer than 2 million people died of smallpox in 1967.
(E) Because of the World Health Organisation’s eradication efforts, smallpox is no longer considered a dangerous disease.

10 – (FGV-2016-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE)

According to the information in the article, America’s Centres for Disease Control (CDC)

(A) discovered that, when stored for a certain number of years, the smallpox virus loses its ability to infect.
(B) maintains the world’s safest storage area for the smallpox virus.
(C) accused the Food and Drug Administration of secretly maintaining an unauthorized reservoir of the smallpox virus.
(D) declared that the Food and Drug Administration, without knowing it, had been storing a sample of the smallpox virus.
(E) revealed the existence of a previously unknown and highly lethal variety of the smallpox virus.

11 – (FGV-2016-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE)

In paragraph 3, the phrase “That done…”

most likely  means the same as which of the following?

(A) When the smallpox samples have been made harmless.
(B)When it has been determined whether or not the smallpox samples are dangerous.
(C) When the smallpox samples are taken to Atlanta for examination.
(D) When the smallpox samples have finally been destroyed by the World Health Organisation (WHO)
(E) When the WHO decides which official entity should retain possession of the smallpox samples.

12 – (FGV-2016-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE)

According to the information in the article,

the forgotten smallpox samples in Maryland

(A) were fortunately being kept in a rigidly secure storage area when they were found.
(B) were discovered and then investigated by the FBI.
(C) were the first forgotten smallpox samples ever found in America.
(D) have proved to be an embarrassment especially for the WHO.
(E) will add to the controversy already surrounding a certain public policy concerning an infectious disease.

13 – (FGV-2016-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE)

According to the information in the article,

the WHO

(A) believes that all samples of smallpox around the world should, without exception, be eliminated.
(B) considers the smallpox samples kept in Russia’s State Research Centre of Virology and Biotechnology more secure than the samples at America’s CDC.
(C) has the power to order America and Russia to destroy their smallpox samples.
(D) until very recently argued strongly in favor of maintaining live smallpox samples in secure facilities.
(E) has declared that America’s method of storing smallpox samples cannot be considered safe.

14 – (FGV-2016-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE)

The first sentence in the last paragraph,

“But the discovery can be argued the other way, too,”

most likely refers to which of the following?

(A) It is not necessarily the CDC’s fault that the Maryland smallpox samples had been forgotten for such a long time.
(B) The discovery of the Maryland smallpox samples shows why it is so important to inspect security measures regularly.
(C) Despite the danger involved, no one was hurt by the Maryland smallpox samples.
(D) The discovery of the Maryland smallpox samples suggests that keeping some smallpox samples in secure storage may in fact be a good idea.
(E) This is probably not the last time that forgotten smallpox samples will be discovered.

15 – (FGV-2016-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE)

The article most likely mentions the smallpox samples found in eastern Europe and New Mexico in order to support the idea that

(A) destroying all known smallpox samples is the only way to guarantee that the disease will never again afflict humanity.
(B) many scientists believe that a renewed of occurrence of smallpox somewhere in the world is only a question of time.
(C) America and Russia may one day become allies in a war against smallpox.
(D) there is still no practical way to immunize large populations against the smallpox virus.
(E) it is not impossible that, one day, some country may try to use smallpox as  biological weapon.