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❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:
• UECE-2012.1-VESTIBULAR-1ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-27/11/11.
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❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:
• 6 MCQs (Multiple Choice Question) / 4 Options Each Question.
• Texto – | Scientists hint at why laughter feels so good | www.nytimes.com |
PROVA, TRADUÇÃO, GABARITO & MUITO VOCABULÁRIO
❑ FONTE DO TEXTO:
❑ TEXTO:
His results build on a long history of scientific attempts to understand a deceptively simple and universal behavior. “Laughter is very weird stuff, actually,” Dr. Dunbar said. “That’s why we got interested in it.” And the findings fit well with a growing sense that laughter contributes to group bonding and may have been important in the evolution of highly social humans.
In five sets of studies in the laboratory and one field study at comedy performances, Dr. Dunbar and colleagues tested resistance to pain both before and after bouts of social laughter. The pain came from a freezing wine sleeve slipped over a forearm, an ever tightening blood pressure cuff or an excruciating ski exercise.
The findings, published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, eliminated the possibility that the pain resistance measured was the result of a general sense of well-being rather than actual laughter. And, Dr. Dunbar said, they also provided a partial answer to the ageless conundrum of whether we laugh because we feel giddy or feel giddy because we laugh. “The causal sequence is laughter triggers endorphin activation,” he said. What triggers laughter is a question that leads into a different labyrinth.
Robert R. Provine, a neuroscientist at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County, and the author of “Laughter: A Scientific Investigation,” said he thought the study was “a significant contribution” to a field of study that dates back 2,000 years or so. It has not always focused on the benefits of laughter. Both Plato
and Aristotle, Dr. Provine said, were concerned with the power of laughter to undermine authority.
The results of Dr. Dunbar’s experiments, when analyzed, showed that laughing increased pain resistance, whereas simple good feeling in a group setting did not. Pain resistance is used as an indicator of endorphin levels because their presence in the brain is difficult to test; the molecules would not appear in blood samples because they are among the brain chemicals that are prevented from entering circulating blood by the so-called blood brain barrier.
Dr. Dunbar thinks laughter may have been favored by evolution because it helped bring human groups together, the way other activities like dancing and singing do. Those activities also produce endorphins, he said, and physical activity is important in them as well. “Laughter is an early mechanism to bond social groups,” he said. “Primates use it.”
Adapted from “Scientists hint at why laughter feels so good.” September 13, 2011, www.nytimes.com.
Questão 55
According to Dr. Dunbar’s studies on the reasons why laughter makes human beings feel so good, the explanation lies in the fact that the physical act of laughingA) pumps more blood to the brain.
B) raises the level of endorphins.
C) triggers intellectual activity.
D) carries brain chemicals to the heart.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito B
TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
De acordo com os estudos do Dr. Dunbar sobre as razões pelas quais o riso faz os seres humanos se sentirem tão bem, a explicação está no fato de que o ato físico de rir
A) bombeia mais sangue para o cérebro.
B) aumenta o nível de endorfinas.
C) desencadeia atividade intelectual.
D) transporta substâncias químicas cerebrais para o coração.
Questão 56
As to the scientific endeavor to decipher laughter and its effects in humans, the text states that it has
A) only recently received attention from scientists.
B) always been considered a very silly behavior.
C) often been discarded from psychological studies.
D) been researched for more than a thousand years.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito D
TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:Quanto ao esforço científico para decifrar o riso e seus efeitos em humanos, o texto afirma que
A) só recentemente recebeu atenção de cientistas.
B) sempre foi considerado um comportamento muito bobo.
C) muitas vezes foi descartado de estudos psicológicos.
D) foi pesquisado por mais de mil anos.
Questão 57
According to the text, the philosophers Plato and Aristotle pondered that laughter
A) certainly challenged all types of leadership.
B) was a great resource for those in power.
C) could enfeeble authority.
D) eliminated the possibility of pain.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito C
TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:Segundo o texto, os filósofos Platão e Aristóteles ponderaram que o riso
A) certamente desafiou todos os tipos de liderança.
B) foi um ótimo recurso para quem está no poder.
C) poderia enfraquecer a autoridade.
D) eliminou a possibilidade de dor.
Questão 58
In the process of evolution, according to Dr. Dunbar, laughter could have been privileged because of
A) its role in the socialization process among groups.
B) its function as a survival tool in the age of stone.
C) the bond it creates between humans and animals.
D) the fact that it could replace singing and dancing.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito A
TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
No processo de evolução, segundo o Dr. Dunbar, o riso poderia ter sido privilegiado por causa de...
A) seu papel no processo de socialização entre os grupos.
B) sua função como ferramenta de sobrevivência na idade da pedra.
C) a ligação que cria entre humanos e animais.
D) o fato de que poderia substituir cantando e dançando.
Questão 59
Through some experiments Dr. Dunbar concluded that
A) bouts of laughter occur before and after watching comic films.
B) laughter heals certain brain tumors.
C) good feeling alone does not increase resistance to pain.
D) lab experiments were unable to explain the blood brain barrier.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito C
TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
Através de algumas experiências Dr. Dunbar concluiu que
A) crises de riso ocorrem antes e depois de assistir a filmes de quadrinhos.
B) o riso cura certos tumores cerebrais.
C) bom sentimento sozinho não aumenta a resistência à dor.
D) experimentos de laboratório foram incapazes de explicar a barreira hematoencefálica.
Questão 60
In trying to understand the connection between laughter and pain resistance, Dr. Dunbar found that
A) laughter works in the body like wine.
B) the act of laughing increases one’s resistance to pain.
C) the two of them are not related.
D) the longer one laughs, the more headaches s/he has.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito B
TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
Ao tentar entender a conexão entre o riso e a resistência à dor, o Dr. Dunbar descobriu que
A) o riso funciona no corpo como o vinho.
B) o ato de rir aumenta a resistência à dor.
C) os dois não estão relacionados.
D) quanto mais se ri, mais dores de cabeça ele / ela tem.
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