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• 15 MCQ (Multiple Choice Question) / 5 Options Each Question.
➭ Text (1) – | How computers will soon get under our skin | www.independent.co.uk |
➭ Text (2) – Longevity: Habits May Extend Life Only So Much | www.nytimes.com |
How computers will soon get under our skin
Como os computadores em breve irĂŁo nos incomodar
By Steve Connor, Science Editor12 August 2011
It may soon be possible to wear your computer or mobile phone under your sleeve, with the invention of an ultra-thin and flexible electronic circuit that can be stuck to the skin like a temporary tattoo.
Em breve poderĂĄ ser possĂvel usar o computador ou o celular debaixo da manga, com a invenção de um circuito eletrĂŽnico ultrafino e flexĂvel que pode ser colado na pele como uma tatuagem temporĂĄria.
- CIRCUIT /'sÉË.kÉȘt/ - circuito.
The device, which is almost invisible, can perform just as well as more conventional electronic machines but without the need for wires or bulky power supplies, scientists said.
O dispositivo, que Ă© quase invisĂvel, pode funcionar tĂŁo bem quanto as mĂĄquinas eletrĂŽnicas convencionais, mas sem a necessidade de fios ou baterias volumosas, disseram os cientistas.
The development could mark a new era in consumer electronics. The technology could be used for applications ranging from medical diagnosis to covert
military operations.
O desenvolvimento pode marcar uma nova era na eletrÎnica de consumo. A tecnologia poderia ser usada para aplicaçÔes que vão desde diagnóstico médico até operaçÔes militares secretas.
The "epidermal electronic system" relies on a highly flexible electrical circuit composed of snake-like conducting channels that can bend and stretch without affecting performance.
O “sistema eletrĂŽnico epidĂ©rmico” depende de um circuito elĂ©trico altamente flexĂvel composto de canais condutores semelhantes a cobras que podem dobrar e esticar sem afetar o desempenho.
The circuit is about the size of a postage stamp, is thinner than a human hair and sticks to the skin by natural electrostatic forces rather than glue.
O circuito tem aproximadamente o tamanho de um selo postal, é mais fino que um fio de cabelo humano e adere à pele por forças eletroståticas naturais, em vez de cola.
“We think this could be an important conceptual advance in wearable electronics, to achieve something that is almost unnoticeable to the wearer.
“Acreditamos que este poderia ser um avanço conceitual importante na eletrĂŽnica vestĂvel, para alcançar algo que Ă© quase imperceptĂvel para o usuĂĄrio.
The technology can connect you to the physical world and the cyberworld in a very natural way that feels comfortable,” said Professor Todd Coleman of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, who led the research team.
A tecnologia pode conectĂĄ-lo ao mundo fĂsico e ao mundo cibernĂ©tico de uma forma muito natural e confortĂĄvel”, disse o professor Todd Coleman, da Universidade de Illinois em Urbana-Champaign, que liderou a equipe de pesquisa.
A simple stick-on circuit can monitor a person’s heart rate and muscle movements as well as conventional medical monitors, but with the benefit of being weightless and almost completely undetectable.
Um simples circuito autocolante pode monitorar a frequĂȘncia cardĂaca e os movimentos musculares de uma pessoa, assim como monitores mĂ©dicos convencionais, mas com a vantagem de ser leve e ser quase completamente indetectĂĄvel.
- STICK-ON (adj.) - autocolante.
- CIRCUIT /'sÉË.kÉȘt/ - circuito.
- WEIGHTLESS /'weÉȘt.lÉs/ - muito leve.
Scientists said it may also be possible to build a circuit for detecting throat movements around the larynx in order to transmit the information wirelessly as a way of recording a person’s speech, even if they are not making any discernible sounds.
Os cientistas disseram que tambĂ©m pode ser possĂvel construir um circuito para detectar movimentos da garganta ao redor da laringe, a fim de transmitir a informação sem fio, como forma de registrar a fala de uma pessoa, mesmo que ela nĂŁo esteja emitindo nenhum som discernĂvel.
Tests have already shown that such a system can be used to control a voice-activated computer game, and one suggestion is that a stick-on voicebox circuit could be used in covert police operations where it might be too dangerous to speak into a radio transmitter.
Testes jå mostraram que tal sistema pode ser usado para controlar um jogo de computador ativado por voz, e uma sugestão é que um circuito de caixa de voz adesiva possa ser usado em operaçÔes policiais secretas, onde pode ser muito perigoso falar em um transmissor de rådio.
"The blurring of electronics and biology is really the key point here," said Yonggang Huang, professor of engineering at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois.
A confusĂŁo entre eletrĂŽnica e biologia Ă© realmente o ponto chave aqui”, disse Yonggang Huang, professor de engenharia na Northwestern University em Evanston, Illinois.
"All established forms of electronics are hard, rigid. Biology is soft, elastic. It’s two different worlds. This is a way to truly integrate them."
"Todas as formas estabelecidas de eletrĂŽnica sĂŁo duras, rĂgidas. A biologia Ă© suave, elĂĄstica. SĂŁo dois mundos diferentes. Esta Ă© uma forma de verdadeiramente integrĂĄ-los."
Engineers have built test circuits mounted on a thin, rubbery substrate that adheres to the skin.
Os engenheiros construĂram circuitos de teste montados em um substrato fino e emborrachado que adere Ă pele.
The circuits have included sensors, light-emitting diodes, transistors, radio frequency capacitors, wireless antennas, conductive coils and solar cells.
Os circuitos incluem sensores, diodos emissores de luz, transistores, capacitores de radiofrequĂȘncia, antenas sem fio, bobinas condutoras e cĂ©lulas solares.
“We threw everything in our bag of tricks on to that platform, and then added a few other new ideas on top of those, to show that we could make it work,” said John Rogers, professor of engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, a lead author of the study, published in the journal Science.
“Jogamos todos os nossos truques nessa plataforma e depois adicionamos algumas outras ideias novas, para mostrar que poderĂamos fazer com que funcionasse”, disse John Rogers, professor de engenharia da Universidade de Illinois em Urbana-Champaign, principal autora do estudo, publicado na revista Science.
(www.independent.co.uk. Adaptado.)
đ QuestĂŁo 31 :
The "epidermal electronic system"
(A) has already been tested in some hospitals to help medical diagnosis.
(B) is widely used by experts in cybergames.
(C) may be glued to clothes, personal objects and even skin.
(D) can be hardly noticed due to its dimensions and
characteristics.
(E) should be connected to external remote devices such as the transistor and solar cells.
The "epidermal electronic system"
(A) has already been tested in some hospitals to help medical diagnosis.
(B) is widely used by experts in cybergames.
(C) may be glued to clothes, personal objects and even skin.
(D) can be hardly noticed due to its dimensions and
characteristics.
(E) should be connected to external remote devices such as the transistor and solar cells.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito D
TĂPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAĂĂO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
The "epidermal electronic system"
(A) has already been tested in some hospitals to help medical diagnosis.
(B) is widely used by experts in cybergames.
(C) may be glued to clothes, personal objects and even skin.
(D) can be hardly noticed due to its dimensions and
characteristics.
(E) should be connected to external remote devices such as the transistor and solar cells.
O "sistema eletrĂŽnico epidĂ©rmico" dificilmente pode ser notado devido Ă s suas dimensĂ”es e caracterĂsticas, VEJA:(A) has already been tested in some hospitals to help medical diagnosis.
(B) is widely used by experts in cybergames.
(C) may be glued to clothes, personal objects and even skin.
(D) can be hardly noticed due to its dimensions and
characteristics.
(E) should be connected to external remote devices such as the transistor and solar cells.
"[...] The "epidermal electronic system" relies on a highly flexible electrical circuit composed of snake-like conducting channels that can bend and stretch without affecting performance. The circuit is about the size of a postage stamp, is thinner than a human hair and sticks to the skin by natural electrostatic forces rather than glue. “We think this could be an important conceptual advance in wearable electronics, to achieve something that is almost unnoticeable to the wearer. The technology can connect you to the physical world and the cyberworld in a very natural way that feels comfortable,” said Professor Todd Coleman of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, who led the research team."
(O "sistema eletrĂŽnico epidĂ©rmico" depende de um circuito elĂ©trico altamente flexĂvel composto por canais condutores de serpentes que podem dobrar e esticar sem afetar o desempenho. O circuito Ă© do tamanho de um selo postal, Ă© mais fino do que um cabelo humano e se adere Ă pele por forças eletrostĂĄticas naturais em vez de cola. "NĂłs pensamos que este poderia ser um avanço conceitual importante na eletrĂŽnica wearable, para conseguir algo que Ă© quase imperceptĂvel para o usuĂĄrio. A tecnologia pode conectĂĄ-lo ao mundo fĂsico e ao cyberworld de uma forma muito natural que se sente confortĂĄvel ", disse o professor Todd Coleman, da Universidade de Illinois, em Urbana-Champaign, que liderou o time de pesquisa.)
đ QuestĂŁo 32 :
O sistema eletrÎnico epidérmico
(A) Ă© confortĂĄvel, devido a sua flexibilidade, entre outros atributos.
(B) necessita de uma cola especial, que simula a textura da pele.
(C) complementa os medidores de batimentos cardĂacos convencionais, jĂĄ que Ă© portĂĄtil.
(D) se assemelha a uma serpente, pois pode ser enrolado no corpo todo.
(E) nĂŁo consegue ser detectado por serviços de espionagem militar e pela polĂcia.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito A
TĂPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAĂĂO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
O sistema eletrÎnico epidérmico
(A) Ă© confortĂĄvel, devido a sua flexibilidade, entre outros atributos.
(B) necessita de uma cola especial, que simula a textura da pele.
(C) complementa os medidores de batimentos cardĂacos convencionais, jĂĄ que Ă© portĂĄtil.
(D) se assemelha a uma serpente, pois pode ser enrolado no corpo todo.
(E) nĂŁo consegue ser detectado por serviços de espionagem militar e pela polĂcia.
O sistema eletrÎnico epidérmico é confortåvel, devido a sua flexibilidade, entre outros atributos, VEJA:
"[...]The "epidermal electronic system" relies on a highly flexible electrical circuit composed of snake-like conducting channels that can bend and stretch without affecting performance."
(O "sistema eletrĂŽnico epidĂ©rmico" BASEIA-SE em um circuito elĂ©trico altamente flexĂvel composto por canais condutores semelhantes a cobras que podem dobrar-se e esticar sem afetar o desempenho.)
đ QuestĂŁo 33 :
In order to create the "epidermal electronic system",
(A) engineers produced a synthetic skin made of rubber and human cells to print the circuits.
(B) scientists replaced the traditional hard electronic parts for organic ones.
(C) it was necessary to merge the different conceptual frameworks of biology and electronics.
(D) the consumer market in the military and medical fields was researched.
(E) biologists first tested the organic compatibility of the device.
(A) Ă© confortĂĄvel, devido a sua flexibilidade, entre outros atributos.
(B) necessita de uma cola especial, que simula a textura da pele.
(C) complementa os medidores de batimentos cardĂacos convencionais, jĂĄ que Ă© portĂĄtil.
(D) se assemelha a uma serpente, pois pode ser enrolado no corpo todo.
(E) nĂŁo consegue ser detectado por serviços de espionagem militar e pela polĂcia.
O sistema eletrÎnico epidérmico é confortåvel, devido a sua flexibilidade, entre outros atributos, VEJA:
"[...]The "epidermal electronic system" relies on a highly flexible electrical circuit composed of snake-like conducting channels that can bend and stretch without affecting performance."
(O "sistema eletrĂŽnico epidĂ©rmico" BASEIA-SE em um circuito elĂ©trico altamente flexĂvel composto por canais condutores semelhantes a cobras que podem dobrar-se e esticar sem afetar o desempenho.)
đ QuestĂŁo 33 :
In order to create the "epidermal electronic system",
(A) engineers produced a synthetic skin made of rubber and human cells to print the circuits.
(B) scientists replaced the traditional hard electronic parts for organic ones.
(C) it was necessary to merge the different conceptual frameworks of biology and electronics.
(D) the consumer market in the military and medical fields was researched.
(E) biologists first tested the organic compatibility of the device.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito C
TĂPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAĂĂO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
In order to create the "epidermal electronic system",
(A) engineers produced a synthetic skin made of rubber and human cells to print the circuits.
(B) scientists replaced the traditional hard electronic parts for organic ones.
(C) it was necessary to merge the different conceptual frameworks of biology and electronics.
(D) the consumer market in the military and medical fields was researched.
(E) biologists first tested the organic compatibility of the device.
Para criar o "sistema eletrÎnico epidérmico", foi necessårio combinar os diferentes quadros conceituais de biologia e eletrÎnica, VEJA:(A) engineers produced a synthetic skin made of rubber and human cells to print the circuits.
(B) scientists replaced the traditional hard electronic parts for organic ones.
(C) it was necessary to merge the different conceptual frameworks of biology and electronics.
(D) the consumer market in the military and medical fields was researched.
(E) biologists first tested the organic compatibility of the device.
"[...] Tests have already shown that such a system can be used to control a voice-activated computer game, and one suggestion is that a stick-on voicebox circuit could be used in covert police operations where it might be too dangerous to speak into a radio transmitter. "The blurring of electronics and biology is really the key point here," said Yonggang Huang, professor of engineering at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois. "All established forms of electronics are hard, rigid. Biology is soft, elastic. It's two different worlds. This is a way to truly integrate them."
(Os testes jĂĄ mostraram que esse sistema pode ser usado para controlar um jogo de computador ativado por voz, e uma sugestĂŁo Ă© que um circuito de caixa de voz pode ser usado em operaçÔes policiais secretas, onde pode ser muito perigoso falar em um transmissor de rĂĄdio . "O desfoque da eletrĂŽnica e da biologia Ă© realmente o ponto chave aqui", disse Yonggang Huang, professor de engenharia da Northwestern University em Evanston, Illinois. "Todas as formas estabelecidas de eletrĂŽnicos sĂŁo difĂceis, rĂgidas. A biologia Ă© macia e elĂĄstica. SĂŁo dois mundos diferentes. Esta Ă© uma maneira de integrĂĄ-los verdadeiramente".)
đ QuestĂŁo 34 :
The sentence based on the second paragraph – The circuit sticks to the skin by natural electrostatic forces rather than glue. – means that
(A) the skin produces natural glue that attracts the circuit like electrostatic forces.
(B) while electrostatic glue may be used, the skin’s natural glue holds the circuit.
(C) electrostatic forces produced by the circuit in contact with the skin create a sticky circuit.
(D) the circuit is glued to the skin through a natural sticky secretion.
(E) natural electrostatic forces, instead of glue, stick the circuit to the skin.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito E
TĂPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAĂĂO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
(A) the skin produces natural glue that attracts the circuit like electrostatic forces.
(B) while electrostatic glue may be used, the skin’s natural glue holds the circuit.
(C) electrostatic forces produced by the circuit in contact with the skin create a sticky circuit.
(D) the circuit is glued to the skin through a natural sticky secretion.
(E) natural electrostatic forces, instead of glue, stick the circuit to the skin.
A frase baseada no segundo parĂĄgrafo - O circuito adere Ă pele por forças eletrostĂĄticas naturais em vez de cola. - significa que forças eletrostĂĄticas naturais, em vez de cola, colam o circuito Ă pele.(B) while electrostatic glue may be used, the skin’s natural glue holds the circuit.
(C) electrostatic forces produced by the circuit in contact with the skin create a sticky circuit.
(D) the circuit is glued to the skin through a natural sticky secretion.
(E) natural electrostatic forces, instead of glue, stick the circuit to the skin.
đ QuestĂŁo 35 :
No trecho do terceiro parĂĄgrafo – A simple stick-on circuit can monitor a person's heart rate and muscle movements as well as conventional medical monitors, but with the benefit of being weightless and almost completely undetectable. – a expressĂŁo as well as equivale, em portuguĂȘs, a
(A) de modo adequado.
(B) tĂŁo bem como.
(C) bem como.
(D) também.
(E) de modo melhor que.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito B
TĂPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAĂĂO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
(A) de modo adequado.
(B) tĂŁo bem como.
(C) bem como.
(D) também.
(E) de modo melhor que.
A estrutura "as well as"(assim como/tão bem como) na oração equivale a "tão bem como", VEJA:(B) tão bem como.
(C) bem como.
(D) também.
(E) de modo melhor que.
"[...]A simple stick-on circuit can monitor a person's heart rate and muscle movements as well as conventional medical monitors, but with the benefit of being weightless and almost completely undetectable."
(Um simples circuito de encadernação pode monitorar a freqĂŒĂȘncia cardĂaca e os movimentos musculares de uma pessoa, tĂŁo bem como os monitores mĂ©dicos convencionais, mas com o benefĂcio de ser sem peso e quase completamente indetectĂĄvel.)
đ QuestĂŁo 36 :
In the excerpt of the fourth paragraph – where it might be too dangerous to speak into a radio transmitter. – the word might
conveys an idea of
(A) possibility.
(B) ability.
(C) request.
(D) certainty.
(E) demand.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito A
TĂPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAĂĂO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
(A) possibility.
(B) ability.
(C) request.
(D) certainty.
(E) demand.
No trecho do quarto parĂĄgrafo - where it might be too dangerous to speak into a radio transmitter.(onde pode ser muito perigoso falar num transmissor de rĂĄdio) - a palavra might transmiti uma ideia de "possibility"(possibilidade).(B) ability.
(C) request.
(D) certainty.
(E) demand.
Demais itens incorretos:
* ability(habilidade).
* request(pedido).
* certainty(certeza/convicção).
* demand(exigĂȘncia).
đ QuestĂŁo 37 :
In the excerpt of the fourth paragraph – This is a way to truly integrate them. – the word this refers to
(A) two different worlds.
(B) electronics.
(C) biology.
(D) control a voice activated device.
(E) blurring of electronics and biology.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito E
TĂPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAĂĂO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
(A) two different worlds.
(B) electronics.
(C) biology.
(D) control a voice activated device.
(E) blurring of electronics and biology.
O pronome "this" refere-se a "blurring of electronics and biology".(B) electronics.
(C) biology.
(D) control a voice activated device.
(E) blurring of electronics and biology.
đ QuestĂŁo 38 :
O trecho do quarto parĂĄgrafo – All established forms of electronics are hard, rigid. Biology is soft, elastic. – pode ser reescrito, sem alteração de sentido, como
(A) All established forms of electronics are hard and rigid; therefore, biology is soft and elastic.
(B) All established forms of electronics are hard and rigid instead of biology, that is soft and elastic.
(C) All established forms of electronics are hard and rigid, where biology is soft and elastic.
(D) All established forms of electronics are hard and rigid whereas biology is soft and elastic.
(E) All established forms of electronics are hard and rigid because biology is soft and elastic.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito D
TĂPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAĂĂO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
(A) All established forms of electronics are hard and rigid; therefore, biology is soft and elastic.
(B) All established forms of electronics are hard and rigid instead of biology, that is soft and elastic.
(C) All established forms of electronics are hard and rigid, where biology is soft and elastic.
(D) All established forms of electronics are hard and rigid whereas biology is soft and elastic.
(E) All established forms of electronics are hard and rigid because biology is soft and elastic.
"All established forms of electronics are hard, rigid. Biology is soft, elastic."(Todas as formas estabelecidas de eletrĂŽnicos sĂŁo difĂceis, rĂgidas. A biologia Ă© macia e elĂĄstica.) – pode ser reescrito, sem alteração de sentido, como:
"All established forms of electronics are hard and rigid whereas biology is soft and elastic."
(Todas as formas estabelecidas de eletrĂŽnicos sĂŁo rĂgidas e rĂgidas enquanto que a biologia Ă© macia e elĂĄstica.)
đ QuestĂŁo 39 :
In the last paragraph, an example of what a "bag of tricks" contains is
(A) skin.
(B) light-emitting diodes.
(C) epidermal electronic system.
(D) test circuits.
(E) new ideas.
(B) All established forms of electronics are hard and rigid instead of biology, that is soft and elastic.
(C) All established forms of electronics are hard and rigid, where biology is soft and elastic.
(D) All established forms of electronics are hard and rigid whereas biology is soft and elastic.
(E) All established forms of electronics are hard and rigid because biology is soft and elastic.
"All established forms of electronics are hard, rigid. Biology is soft, elastic."(Todas as formas estabelecidas de eletrĂŽnicos sĂŁo difĂceis, rĂgidas. A biologia Ă© macia e elĂĄstica.) – pode ser reescrito, sem alteração de sentido, como:
"All established forms of electronics are hard and rigid whereas biology is soft and elastic."
(Todas as formas estabelecidas de eletrĂŽnicos sĂŁo rĂgidas e rĂgidas enquanto que a biologia Ă© macia e elĂĄstica.)
đ QuestĂŁo 39 :
In the last paragraph, an example of what a "bag of tricks" contains is
(A) skin.
(B) light-emitting diodes.
(C) epidermal electronic system.
(D) test circuits.
(E) new ideas.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito B
TĂPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAĂĂO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
(A) skin.
(B) light-emitting diodes.
(C) epidermal electronic system.
(D) test circuits.
(E) new ideas.
No Ășltimo parĂĄgrafo, um exemplo do que contĂ©m um "saco de truques" Ă© "light-emitting diodes"(diodos emissores de luz).
August 8, 2011
The eating, drinking and exercise habits of extremely old but healthy people differ little from those of the rest of us, a new study has found. Gerontologists at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine recruited 477 Ashkenazi Jews ages 95 to 112 who were living independently. The researchers took blood samples, did physical examinations and obtained detailed personal and medical histories from each participant. Then they compared them with 1,374 non-Hispanic white adults, ages 65 to 74, from the general population. For both men and women, consumption of alcohol, amount of physical activity and the percentage of people on low-calorie or low-salt diets were almost identical in the two groups.
Long-lived men were less likely to be obese than their younger counterparts, although no less likely to be overweight. The oldest women were more likely to be overweight and less likely to be obese. More men among the oldest were nonsmokers, but smoking habits were not significantly different among the women.
43 that it all depends on genes, and we might as well eat, drink and be merry? No, according to the senior author, Dr. Nir Barzilai, director of the Institute for Aging Research at Albert Einstein College of Medicine. "For most of us who 44 genes for longevity," he said, "if you follow the healthy lifestyle the medical community has put forth, you are 45 to live past 80."
The study was published online last week in The Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.
According to the text,
(A) independent elderly people are more likely to live more and in a healthy way.
(B) the research compared two groups: one of men aged from 95 to 112 and one of women aged from 65 to 74.
(C) the study concluded that extremely old people do not have significantly different eating, drinking and exercise habits from the rest of the population.
(D) women in the oldest group were more likely to be
nonsmokers when compared to women in the 65 to 74 group.
(E) non-Hispanic white adults tend to live less than
Ashkenazi Jews, probably because of their lifestyle.
(B) light-emitting diodes.
(C) epidermal electronic system.
(D) test circuits.
(E) new ideas.
No Ășltimo parĂĄgrafo, um exemplo do que contĂ©m um "saco de truques" Ă© "light-emitting diodes"(diodos emissores de luz).
TEXTO 2: Leia o texto para responder Ă s questĂ”es de nĂșmeros 40 a 45.
Longevity: Habits May Extend Life Only So Much
By Nicholas BakalarAugust 8, 2011
The eating, drinking and exercise habits of extremely old but healthy people differ little from those of the rest of us, a new study has found. Gerontologists at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine recruited 477 Ashkenazi Jews ages 95 to 112 who were living independently. The researchers took blood samples, did physical examinations and obtained detailed personal and medical histories from each participant. Then they compared them with 1,374 non-Hispanic white adults, ages 65 to 74, from the general population. For both men and women, consumption of alcohol, amount of physical activity and the percentage of people on low-calorie or low-salt diets were almost identical in the two groups.
Long-lived men were less likely to be obese than their younger counterparts, although no less likely to be overweight. The oldest women were more likely to be overweight and less likely to be obese. More men among the oldest were nonsmokers, but smoking habits were not significantly different among the women.
43 that it all depends on genes, and we might as well eat, drink and be merry? No, according to the senior author, Dr. Nir Barzilai, director of the Institute for Aging Research at Albert Einstein College of Medicine. "For most of us who 44 genes for longevity," he said, "if you follow the healthy lifestyle the medical community has put forth, you are 45 to live past 80."
The study was published online last week in The Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.
(www.nytimes.com. Adaptado.)
đ QuestĂŁo 40 :According to the text,
(A) independent elderly people are more likely to live more and in a healthy way.
(B) the research compared two groups: one of men aged from 95 to 112 and one of women aged from 65 to 74.
(C) the study concluded that extremely old people do not have significantly different eating, drinking and exercise habits from the rest of the population.
(D) women in the oldest group were more likely to be
nonsmokers when compared to women in the 65 to 74 group.
(E) non-Hispanic white adults tend to live less than
Ashkenazi Jews, probably because of their lifestyle.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito C
TĂPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAĂĂO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
(A) independent elderly people are more likely to live more and in a healthy way.
(B) the research compared two groups: one of men aged from 95 to 112 and one of women aged from 65 to 74.
(C) the study concluded that extremely old people do not have significantly different eating, drinking and exercise habits from the rest of the population.
(D) women in the oldest group were more likely to be
nonsmokers when compared to women in the 65 to 74 group.
(E) non-Hispanic white adults tend to live less than
Ashkenazi Jews, probably because of their lifestyle.
De acordo com o texto, o estudo concluiu que as pessoas extremamente idosas nĂŁo tĂȘm hĂĄbitos de alimentação, beber e exercĂcio significativamente diferentes do resto da população, VEJA:
"[...]The eating, drinking and exercise habits of extremely old but healthy people differ little from those of the rest of us, a new study has found. Gerontologists at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine recruited 477 Ashkenazi Jews ages 95 to 112 who were living independently. The researchers took blood samples, did physical examinations and obtained detailed personal and medical histories from each participant. Then they compared them with 1,374 non-Hispanic white adults, ages 65 to 74, from the general population. For both men and women, consumption of alcohol, amount of physical activity and the percentage of people on low-calorie or low-salt diets were almost identical in the two groups."
(Os hĂĄbitos de comer, beber e exercitar-se de pessoas extremamente velhas, mas saudĂĄveis, diferem pouco dos outros, descobriu um novo estudo. Os gerontologistas da Faculdade de Medicina Albert Einstein recrutaram 477 judeus Ashkenazi de 95 a 112 que viviam de forma independente. Os pesquisadores tomaram amostras de sangue, fizeram exames fĂsicos e obtiveram histĂłrias pessoais e mĂ©dicas detalhadas de cada participante. Em seguida, eles os compararam com 1.374 adultos brancos nĂŁo hispĂąnicos, de 65 a 74 anos, da população em geral. Tanto para homens como para mulheres, o consumo de ĂĄlcool, a quantidade de atividade fĂsica e a porcentagem de pessoas em dietas com baixa caloria ou baixa sal foi quase idĂȘntica nos dois grupos.)
đ QuestĂŁo 41 :
Os homens que fizeram parte do grupo da faixa etĂĄria mais velha
(A) eram todos antitabagistas.
(B) apresentaram propensĂŁo Ă obesidade e ao sobrepeso.
(C) não consumiam bebidas alcoólicas e faziam dieta com restrição de calorias e de sal.
(D) nĂŁo eram sedentĂĄrios, mas tambĂ©m nĂŁo praticavam exercĂcios fĂsicos.
(E) apresentaram uma tendĂȘncia ao sobrepeso semelhante Ă dos homens na faixa dos 65 a 74 anos.
(B) the research compared two groups: one of men aged from 95 to 112 and one of women aged from 65 to 74.
(C) the study concluded that extremely old people do not have significantly different eating, drinking and exercise habits from the rest of the population.
(D) women in the oldest group were more likely to be
nonsmokers when compared to women in the 65 to 74 group.
(E) non-Hispanic white adults tend to live less than
Ashkenazi Jews, probably because of their lifestyle.
De acordo com o texto, o estudo concluiu que as pessoas extremamente idosas nĂŁo tĂȘm hĂĄbitos de alimentação, beber e exercĂcio significativamente diferentes do resto da população, VEJA:
"[...]The eating, drinking and exercise habits of extremely old but healthy people differ little from those of the rest of us, a new study has found. Gerontologists at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine recruited 477 Ashkenazi Jews ages 95 to 112 who were living independently. The researchers took blood samples, did physical examinations and obtained detailed personal and medical histories from each participant. Then they compared them with 1,374 non-Hispanic white adults, ages 65 to 74, from the general population. For both men and women, consumption of alcohol, amount of physical activity and the percentage of people on low-calorie or low-salt diets were almost identical in the two groups."
(Os hĂĄbitos de comer, beber e exercitar-se de pessoas extremamente velhas, mas saudĂĄveis, diferem pouco dos outros, descobriu um novo estudo. Os gerontologistas da Faculdade de Medicina Albert Einstein recrutaram 477 judeus Ashkenazi de 95 a 112 que viviam de forma independente. Os pesquisadores tomaram amostras de sangue, fizeram exames fĂsicos e obtiveram histĂłrias pessoais e mĂ©dicas detalhadas de cada participante. Em seguida, eles os compararam com 1.374 adultos brancos nĂŁo hispĂąnicos, de 65 a 74 anos, da população em geral. Tanto para homens como para mulheres, o consumo de ĂĄlcool, a quantidade de atividade fĂsica e a porcentagem de pessoas em dietas com baixa caloria ou baixa sal foi quase idĂȘntica nos dois grupos.)
đ QuestĂŁo 41 :
Os homens que fizeram parte do grupo da faixa etĂĄria mais velha
(A) eram todos antitabagistas.
(B) apresentaram propensĂŁo Ă obesidade e ao sobrepeso.
(C) não consumiam bebidas alcoólicas e faziam dieta com restrição de calorias e de sal.
(D) nĂŁo eram sedentĂĄrios, mas tambĂ©m nĂŁo praticavam exercĂcios fĂsicos.
(E) apresentaram uma tendĂȘncia ao sobrepeso semelhante Ă dos homens na faixa dos 65 a 74 anos.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito E
TĂPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAĂĂO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
(A) eram todos antitabagistas.
(B) apresentaram propensĂŁo Ă obesidade e ao sobrepeso.
(C) não consumiam bebidas alcoólicas e faziam dieta com restrição de calorias e de sal.
(D) nĂŁo eram sedentĂĄrios, mas tambĂ©m nĂŁo praticavam exercĂcios fĂsicos.
(E) apresentaram uma tendĂȘncia ao sobrepeso semelhante Ă dos homens na faixa dos 65 a 74 anos.
Os homens que fizeram parte do grupo da faixa etĂĄria mais velha apresentaram uma tendĂȘncia ao sobrepeso semelhante Ă dos homens na faixa dos 65 a 74 anos, VEJA:
"[...] Long-lived men were less likely to be obese than their younger counterparts, although no less likely to be overweight. The oldest women were more likely to be overweight and less likely to be obese. More men among the oldest were nonsmokers, but smoking habits were not significantly different among the women."
(Os homens de longa duração eram menos propensos a ser obesos do que seus homólogos mais jovens, embora não houvesse menos probabilidade de sobrepeso. As mulheres mais velhas tinham maior probabilidade de ter excesso de peso e menos probabilidades de serem obesas. Mais homens entre os mais velhos eram não fumantes, mas os håbitos de fumar não eram significativamente diferentes entre as mulheres.)
đ QuestĂŁo 42 :
No trecho do segundo parĂĄgrafo – Long-lived men were less likely to be obese than their younger counterparts, although no less likely to be overweight. – a palavra although pode ser substituĂda, sem alteração de sentido, por
(A) but.
(B) so.
(C) or.
(D) since.
(E) thus.
(B) apresentaram propensĂŁo Ă obesidade e ao sobrepeso.
(C) não consumiam bebidas alcoólicas e faziam dieta com restrição de calorias e de sal.
(D) nĂŁo eram sedentĂĄrios, mas tambĂ©m nĂŁo praticavam exercĂcios fĂsicos.
(E) apresentaram uma tendĂȘncia ao sobrepeso semelhante Ă dos homens na faixa dos 65 a 74 anos.
Os homens que fizeram parte do grupo da faixa etĂĄria mais velha apresentaram uma tendĂȘncia ao sobrepeso semelhante Ă dos homens na faixa dos 65 a 74 anos, VEJA:
"[...] Long-lived men were less likely to be obese than their younger counterparts, although no less likely to be overweight. The oldest women were more likely to be overweight and less likely to be obese. More men among the oldest were nonsmokers, but smoking habits were not significantly different among the women."
(Os homens de longa duração eram menos propensos a ser obesos do que seus homólogos mais jovens, embora não houvesse menos probabilidade de sobrepeso. As mulheres mais velhas tinham maior probabilidade de ter excesso de peso e menos probabilidades de serem obesas. Mais homens entre os mais velhos eram não fumantes, mas os håbitos de fumar não eram significativamente diferentes entre as mulheres.)
đ QuestĂŁo 42 :
No trecho do segundo parĂĄgrafo – Long-lived men were less likely to be obese than their younger counterparts, although no less likely to be overweight. – a palavra although pode ser substituĂda, sem alteração de sentido, por
(A) but.
(B) so.
(C) or.
(D) since.
(E) thus.
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito A
TĂPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAĂĂO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
(A) but.
(B) so.
(C) or.
(D) since.
(E) thus.
A palavra although (contudo,mas) transmite a ideia de "contraste" e pode ser substituĂda por "but"(mas).
PREENCHIMENTO DE LACUNAS: Assinale as alternativas que completam correta e respectivamente as lacunas numeradas no texto.
(B) so.
(C) or.
(D) since.
(E) thus.
A palavra although (contudo,mas) transmite a ideia de "contraste" e pode ser substituĂda por "but"(mas).
PREENCHIMENTO DE LACUNAS: Assinale as alternativas que completam correta e respectivamente as lacunas numeradas no texto.
đ QuestĂŁo 43 :
(A) Do you talk
(B) Have they done
(C) Has it said
(D) Does this mean
(E) Is he showing
(A) Do you talk
(B) Have they done
(C) Has it said
(D) Does this mean
(E) Is he showing
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito X
TĂPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAĂĂO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
(A) Do you talk
(B) Have they done
(C) Has it said
(D) Does this mean
(E) Is he showing
A estrutura "Does this mean"(isso signfica?) preenche corretamente a lacuna 33, VEJA:
"[...] Does this mean that it all depends on genes, and we might as well eat, drink and be merry?"
(Isso significa que tudo depende dos genes, e podemos também comer, beber e ser feliz?)
đ QuestĂŁo 44 :
(A) doesn't express
(B) do not have
(C) had been living
(D) shows
(E) will present
(B) Have they done
(C) Has it said
(D) Does this mean
(E) Is he showing
A estrutura "Does this mean"(isso signfica?) preenche corretamente a lacuna 33, VEJA:
"[...] Does this mean that it all depends on genes, and we might as well eat, drink and be merry?"
(Isso significa que tudo depende dos genes, e podemos também comer, beber e ser feliz?)
đ QuestĂŁo 44 :
(A) doesn't express
(B) do not have
(C) had been living
(D) shows
(E) will present
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito B
TĂPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAĂĂO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
(A) doesn't express
(B) do not have
(C) had been living
(D) shows
(E) will present
A estrutura "Does this mean"(isso signfica?) preenche corretamente a lacuna 33, VEJA:
"[...]"For most of us who do not have genes for longevity,"
(Para a maioria de nĂłs que nĂŁo temos genes para a longevidade.)
đ QuestĂŁo 45 :
(A) less likely
(B) can’t like
(C) much more likely
(D) even more like
(E) least probable
(B) do not have
(C) had been living
(D) shows
(E) will present
A estrutura "Does this mean"(isso signfica?) preenche corretamente a lacuna 33, VEJA:
"[...]"For most of us who do not have genes for longevity,"
(Para a maioria de nĂłs que nĂŁo temos genes para a longevidade.)
đ QuestĂŁo 45 :
(A) less likely
(B) can’t like
(C) much more likely
(D) even more like
(E) least probable
đ ComentĂĄrios e Gabarito C
TĂPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAĂĂO DENTRO DO TEXTO :
(A) less likely
(B) can’t like
(C) much more likely
(D) even more like
(E) least probable
A estrutura "Does this mean"(isso signfica?) preenche corretamente a lacuna 33, VEJA:
"[...]"if you follow the healthy lifestyle the medical community has put forth, you are much more likely to live past 80."
(Se vocĂȘ seguir o estilo de vida saudĂĄvel que a comunidade mĂ©dica apresentou, vocĂȘ Ă© muito mais propenso a viver alĂ©m do 80 anos.)
(B) can’t like
(C) much more likely
(D) even more like
(E) least probable
A estrutura "Does this mean"(isso signfica?) preenche corretamente a lacuna 33, VEJA:
"[...]"if you follow the healthy lifestyle the medical community has put forth, you are much more likely to live past 80."
(Se vocĂȘ seguir o estilo de vida saudĂĄvel que a comunidade mĂ©dica apresentou, vocĂȘ Ă© muito mais propenso a viver alĂ©m do 80 anos.)










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