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segunda-feira, 24 de abril de 2017

CPAEN–2011–ESCOLA NAVAL–LÍNGUA INGLESA–MARINHA DO BRASIL–GABARITO, TEXTOS TRADUZIDOS & AQUISIÇÃO DE VOCABULÁRIO.

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❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:
 CPAEN-2011-ESCOLA NAVAL-MARINHA DO BRASIL-APLICADA EM 25/09/2011.
https://www.marinha.mil.br
 ESTRUTURA-PROVA:
 30 MCQs (Multiple Choice Question) / 5 Options Each Question.


 PART 1: READING COMPREHENSION
❑ TEXTOBased on the text below, answer questions 21, 22 and 23.

Movies on the job

Yesterday I watched a movie in which Joan Allen's character had a job which seemed to consist entirely of standing around while other people do the actual work of restoring historic artwork in old buildings (the. movie was "Hachiko: A Dog's Story") . This seemed like a nice, lucrative job – she certainly dressed well, and lived in an enormous, stately home with her music-professor husband – and one that left her plenty of energy and free time. And it got me thinking about the idea of work in the movies; how so often jobs (which take up a huge amount of our waking time in real life) are treated by movies as a dismissible fantasy thing, sometimes to unintentionally comic effect.

Ever notice how young women in the movies, who usually have some sort of underling office job, live in adorably decorated apartments that an administrative assistant couldn't possibly afford – and are never shown doing anything at work other than taking personal calls and having lunch? Or the way writers in the movies, like the hero of "Marley & Me" or Carrie Bradshaw in "Sex and the City, " seem to effortlessly make a fortune while doing very little actual writing? Or the way attractive female executives (see Renee Zellweger in "New in Town, " and quite possibly Sandra Bullock in the upcoming "The Proposal") prance around on their high heels and tight skirts and do ... well, nothing? Or how people in the movies routinely have the kind of careers, like Allen' s in "Hachiko, " that seem a tad difficult to pull off in real life? I remember a Hilary Swank movie from a couple of years back in which she effortlessly transitioned from real estate agent to ... wait for it. ... shoe designer, and lived happily ever after.

21 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) The main aim of this text is to

(A) list women jobs in the movie industry.
(B) recommend movies which talk about jobs.
(C) compare careers in different movies.
(D) criticize the way careers are portrayed in movies.
(E) describe some fantasy careers which appear in movies.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & 
RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO
:

22 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which of the alternatives below is correct?

(A) The author saw "The Proposal" before writing the text.
(B) Hilary Swank's character made no effort to change her career.
(C) Carrie Bradshaw's character is not a writer.
(D) Jobs are treated by movies in a funny way on purpose.
(E) The characters mentioned are all rich, well dressed women who live in adorably decorated apartments.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & 
RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO
:

23 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) What was the author's motivation to write this text?

(A) She would like to work in the movie industry.
(B) She watched a film and thought about the topic.
(C) She's doing some research on movies on the job.
(D) She writes film reviews for her blog.
(E) She wants the movie industry to be more realistic.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & 
RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO
:

❑ TEXTO: Based on the text below, answer questions 24, 25 and 26.

Big increase in drunken 10-year-olds who need an ambulance

London Ambulance Service figures today reveal that the number of 10- and 11-year-olds requiring medical treatment for alcohol abuse has more than doubled in the past two years. The figures come as health groups called for restrictions on cheap alcohol after it was revealed that youngsters could get drunk for half the price of a bar of chocolate.

Campaigners called on the Government to tackle the "plague" of illness caused by cheap alcoholic drinks after an investigation found that strong cider was available in city supermarkets for as little as 10p a unit.

Former chief medical officer Sir Liam Donaldson has recommended that parents should not let children under 15 drink alcohol. But many young people are consuming an average of 15 units a week, the equivalent of a pint of beer every day.

A report by Alcohol Concern and the Children's Society reveals that parents who drink to excess might also be influencing their children. At least 2.6 million children in the UK now live with parents drinking "hazardously".


24 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Considering the text, what does the word "tackle" mean in this extract?
  • "Campaigners called on the Government to tackle the "plague" of illness caused by cheap alcoholic drinks."
(A) to handle
(B) to save
(C) to restore
(D) to check
(E) to protect

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & 
RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO
:

25 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Considering the text, what does the word "reveal" mean in this extract?
  • "London Ambulance Service figures today reveal that the number of 10- and ll-year-olds requiring medical treatment for alcohol abuse has more than doubled in the past two years."
(A) relay
(B) suspect
(C) presume
(D) show
(E) rely

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & 
RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO
:

26 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011)
According to the text, the increase in drunken 10-year-olds is mainly due to:

(A) figures in health groups.
(B) drunken youth restrictions.
(C) alcohol abuse among parents.
(D) lack of public medical treatment.
(E) low prices of alcoholic drinks.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & 
RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO
:

❑ TEXTO: Based on the text below, answer questions 27, 28 and 29.

USING SENSORS TO PREDICT BREAKING GLASS

Ever been walking down the street in a major city and suddenly get the eerie feeling that something is not quite right above you? Some of the buildings around you will be designed with lots of glass. Huge plates of the stuff. What might happen if that glass shattered and started falling all over you? This happens more often than you might think. And with large glass façades becoming part of modern building design, it's becoming even more of a concern to architects, builders and engineers.

Researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute want to help by using sensors to sound the alarm before the glass is already breaking and falling. Four sensors are situated on the edge of the pane at a distance of one meter from each other. One sensor produces an ultrasound wave
 that is registered by the others. If the signal remains constant, the pane is not defective. If it changes, this indicates a fissure, which most often emanates from the edge of the pane and is initially invisible. It is only as time goes by that it gets larger due to various factors, like fluctuations in temperature. The information is relayed to the building control systems and an alarm goes off.

The modules are also equipped to with light and temperature sensors that can instruct the building control system to lower shades to prevent the building from getting too hot.
(Adapted from: http://news.discovery.com)

27 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) According to the text, in what way has the modern building design worried architects, builders and engineers?

(A) Glass façades make buildings quite expensive.
(B) Glass façades make buildings too hot.
(C) Glass façades require control systems, which are not safe enough.
(D) Glass façades make people afraid of living in modern buildings.
(E) Glass façades make buildings dangerous for people on the streets.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & 
RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO
:

28 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which alternative below is CORRECT, based -on the text above?

(A) The word "stuff" (line 4) refers to "glass".
(B) The word "others" (line 13) refers "acoustic signals".
(C) The word "it" (line 14) refers to "the pane".
(D) The word "which" (line 15) refers to "defective".
(E) The word "that" (line 21) refers to "modules".

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & 
RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO
:

29 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which is the best alternative considering some of the statements are true (T) and others are false (F) ?
  • I - Modern building façades might be dangerous.
  • II - The sensors show when the glass is breaking or falling.
  • III - A glass fissure is not easily seen in the beginning.
  • IV - The sensors can help control the building temperature.
  • V - A change in the signal indicates that the pane is not defective.
  • VI - Changes in temperature do not have any influence on the size of glass fissures.
The best alternative is

(A) I-(T)  II-(F)  III-(T)  IV-(T)  V-(F)  VI-(F)
(B) I-(F)  II-(F)  III-(T)  IV-(T)  V-(F)  VI-(F)
(C) I-(F)  II-(T)  III-(T)  IV-(F)  V-(F)  VI-(T)
(D) I-(T)  II-(F)  III-(T)  IV-(T)  V-(T)  VI-(F)
(E) I-(T)  II-(T)  III-(F)  IV-(F)  V-(F)  VI-(T)

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & 
RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO
:

30 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) What is the correct way to complete the sentence below?
  • Though Ann was only 10, she _____ first place in the competition.
(A) won
(B) winning
(C) has won
(D) had won
(E) was winning

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & 
RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO
:

31 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) What is the correct way to complete the sentence below?
  • Most of the instructions in this handout _________
(A) have not been followed.
(B) are not being follow.
(C) are not been followed.
(D) are not been follow.
(E) have not being followed.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & 
RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO
:

32 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which of the alternatives below completes the sentence correctly?
  • "Because he was driving so ____ he was ____ hurt in the accident ."
(A) fastly - hardly
(B) quick - serious
(C) fast - seriously
(D) fastly - badly
(E) quickly - serious

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & 
RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO
:

33 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which is the correct option to complete the sentence below?
  • I congratulated her _________.
(A) for passing
(B) to passing
(C) for pass
(D) on passing
(E) on pass

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & 
RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO
:

34 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which sequence best completes the sentence below?
  • When you stay ______ after midnight, your attention surely ______.
(A) woken - dropped
(B) awake - has dropped
(C) awoken - has dropped
(D) awake - drops
(E) woken - drops

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & 
RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO
:

35 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which of the alternatives below completes the sentence correctly?
  • The receptionist allowed Mary into the concert hall _______ she was late.
(A) however
(B) still
(C) yet
(D) in spite of
(E) although

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & 
RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO
:

36 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which of the alternatives below completes the sentence correctly?
  • Let's go to the mall, _______?
(A) will we
(B) won't we
(C) shall we
(D) don't we
(E) let we

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & 
RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO
:

37 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Choose the best reply to this statement.
  • Dayse: I haven't seen The King's Speech yet.
  • You: _______.
(A) Neither have I
(B) Nor do I
(C) So have I
(D) So do I
(E) So did I.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & 
RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO
:

38 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which of the alternatives below completes the sentence correctly?
(Airport Requirement)
  • Passengers ______  present their valid travel documents and boarding pass at airport security check and at the boarding gate in order to be allowed to board the airplane.
(A) can
(B) may
(C) should
(D) must
(E) might

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & 
RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO
:

39 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Choose the best option to rewrite the sentence keeping the same meaning.
  • He had his hair cut yesterday.
(A) He himself cut his hair yesterday.
(B) He wanted to cut his hair yesterday.
(C) His hair needed cutting.
(D) He cut his hair yesterday.
(E) The hairdresser cut his hair yesterday.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & 
RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO
:

40 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which sequence best completes the text below?
  • Riding a bicycle is a low impact form of exercise that can be enjoyed by people of all ages and fitness levels. It can help ______  your general health while ______  gentle on your joints. It's also a great way ______ fun, get fit and spend time with friends and family. Always ______  a helmet and be aware of traffic rules when on the road.
(A) improving - to be - to have - wear
(B) to improve - being - having - wear
(C) improving - being - to have - wear
(D) to improve - to be - to have - wear
(E) to improve - being - to have - wear

41 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Analyse the sentences below.
Which TWO sentences express the same idea?
  • (1) The man stopped to smoke.
  • (2) The man gave up smoking.
  • (3) The man stopped smoking.
  • (4) The man didn't smoke.
The correct answer is

(A) 1 and 2
(B) 1 and 4
(C) 2 and 3
(D) 2 and 4
(E) 1 and 3

42 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which of the alternatives below completes the sentence correctly?
  • The radio alarm clock went ______  at the same time as usual.
(A) On
(B) off
(C) through
(D) up
(E) for

43 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which alternative does not express the same idea as "Always do right" in the sentence below?
  • "Always do right. This will gratify people and astonish the rest" (Mark Twain)
(A)You should always do right.
(B)You can always do right.
(C)You always have to do right.
(D)You must always do right.
(E) You always ought to do right.

44 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which alternative is grammatically correct?

(A) He suggested me to go on a diet.
(B) He suggested me that I went on a diet.
(C) He suggested me going on a diet.
(D) He suggested me that going on a diet.
(E) He suggested going on a diet.

45 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which is the correct option to complete the sentence below?
  • If nobody ______ anything at once, I ______ the police!
(A) doesn't do - will have call
(B) do - won't have call
(C) do - have to call
(D) does - will have to call
(E) will do - have to call

46 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011)
  • On May 2nd my mom asked me:
  • "Do you know that Osama Bin Laden was assassinated yesterday?"
Which alternative best reports my mom's speech?

(A) Mom asked me if I know he was assassinated yesterday.
(B) Mom asked me if I knew he had assassinated the day before.
(C) Mom asked me if I know he assassinated yesterday.
(D) Mom asked me if I knew he was assassinated the day before.
(E) Mom asked me if I knew he had been assassinated the day before.

47 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Choose the best sequence to complete the blanks.
TIME ZONES AND UNIVERSAL TIME
  • Time ______  in a number of ways. For instance, we ______  the passage of time via the orbital motion of the Earth and other planets in the solar system (Dynamical Time). The measure ______  on the rotation of the Earth on its axis with respect to the stars, as well (Universal Time).
(Adapted from http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEhelp/TimeZone.html)

(A) can be measured - can measure - base
(B) can measure - can measure - can base
(C) can be measure - can be measured - can be based
(D) can measure - can measure - can base
(E) can be measured - can measure - can be based

48 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-PSAEN-2011) Which sequence best completes the text below?
  • Mr Stephèns, ______  recently defended WikiLeaks boss Julian Assange, said tn latest move has made a mockery of celebrity super-injunctions. "It's becoming increasingly untenable ______  super-injunctions can continue in the way they have, as there are so many people ______  breaking the law and in contempt of court.

(A) that - that - that
(B) who - which - who
(C) that - what - that
(D) whom - which - Ø
(E) who - that - Ø

49 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which sequence best completes the text below?
  • David Beckham ______ in a minor car accident on Friday. The football ace ______ near Torrence in California when he ______  into the back of a stationary vehicle with his Cadillac SUV.

(A) involved - was driving - run
(B) was involved - was driving - ran
(C) was involving - drove - was running
(D) has been involved - had been driving - run
(E) was involved - drove - ran

50 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which of the alternatives below completes the sentence correctly?
  • After the referee _____ the whistle, the match will start.
(A) is blowing
(B) blows
(C) blew
(D) blowing
(E) does blows

❑ TRADUÇÃO-TEXTO:
MOVIES ON THE JOB           
Filmes no trabalho
Yesterday I watched a movie in which Joan Allen's character had a job which seemed to consist entirely of standing around while other people do the actual work of restoring historic artwork in old buildings (the. movie was "Hachiko: A Dog's Story").
Ontem assisti a um filme em que a personagem de Joan Allen tinha um trabalho que parecia consistir inteiramente em ficar parada enquanto outras pessoas faziam o trabalho real de restaurar obras de arte históricas em prédios antigos (o filme era "Hachiko: A Dog's Story").
This seemed like a nice, lucrative job – she certainly dressed well, and lived in an enormous, stately home with her music-professor husband – and one that left her plenty of energy and free time.
Parecia um trabalho bom e lucrativo — ela certamente se vestia bem e vivia em uma casa enorme e imponente com seu marido professor de música — e um que lhe deixava bastante energia e tempo livre.
And it got me thinking about the idea of work in the movies; how so often jobs (which take up a huge amount of our waking time in real life) are treated by movies as a dismissible fantasy thing, sometimes to unintentionally comic effect.
E isso me fez pensar sobre a ideia de trabalho nos filmes; com que frequência os empregos (que ocupam uma grande parte do nosso tempo acordado na vida real) são tratados pelos filmes como uma coisa de fantasia descartável, às vezes com efeito cômico não intencional.
Ever notice how young women in the movies, who usually have some sort of underling office job, live in adorably decorated apartments that an administrative assistant couldn't possibly afford – and are never shown doing anything at work other than taking personal calls and having lunch?
Já notou como as jovens nos filmes, que geralmente têm algum tipo de trabalho de escritório subordinado, vivem em apartamentos adoravelmente decorados que um assistente administrativo não poderia pagar - e nunca são mostradas fazendo nada no trabalho além de atender ligações pessoais e almoçar?
Or the way writers in the movies, like the hero of "Marley & Me" or Carrie Bradshaw in "Sex and the City, " seem to effortlessly make a fortune while doing very little actual writing?
Ou a maneira como os escritores nos filmes, como o herói de "Marley & Eu" ou Carrie Bradshaw em "Sex and the City", parecem fazer fortuna sem esforço enquanto escrevem muito pouco?
Or the way attractive female executives (see Renee Zellweger in "New in Town, " and quite possibly Sandra Bullock in the upcoming "The Proposal") prance around on their high heels and tight skirts and do ... well, nothing?
Ou a maneira como as executivas atraentes (veja Renee Zellweger em "New in Town" e possivelmente Sandra Bullock no próximo "The Proposal") desfilam em seus saltos altos e saias justas e fazem... bem, nada?
Or how people in the movies routinely have the kind of careers, like Allen's in "Hachiko, " that seem a tad difficult to pull off in real life?
Ou como as pessoas nos filmes rotineiramente têm o tipo de carreira, como a de Allen em "Hachiko", que parece um pouco difícil de se manter na vida real?
I remember a Hilary Swank movie from a couple of years back in which she effortlessly transitioned from real estate agent to ... wait for it. ... shoe designer, and lived happily ever after.
Lembro-me de um filme de Hilary Swank de alguns anos atrás, no qual ela fez a transição sem esforço de corretora imobiliária para... espere... ... designer de sapatos e viveu feliz para sempre.

21 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) The main aim of this text is to

(A) list women jobs in the movie industry.
(B) recommend movies which talk about jobs.
(C) compare careers in different movies.
(D) criticize the way careers are portrayed in movies.
(E) describe some fantasy careers which appear in movies.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:
The main aim of this text is to
O objetivo principal deste texto é
(A) list women jobs in the movie industry.
listar empregos femininos na indústria cinematográfica.
(B) recommend movies which talk about jobs.
recomendar filmes que falem sobre empregos.
(C) compare careers in different movies.
comparar carreiras em filmes diferentes.
(D) criticize the way careers are portrayed in movies.
criticar a maneira como as carreiras são retratadas nos filmes.
(E) describe some fantasy careers which appear in movies.
descrever algumas carreiras de fantasia que aparecem nos filmes.

22 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which of the alternatives below is correct?

(A) The author saw "The Proposal" before writing the text.
(B) Hilary Swank's character made no effort to change her career.
(C) Carrie Bradshaw's character is not a writer.
(D) Jobs are treated by movies in a funny way on purpose.
(E) The characters mentioned are all rich, well dressed women who live in adorably decorated apartments.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

23 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) What was the author's motivation to write this text?

(A) She would like to work in the movie industry.
(B) She watched a film and thought about the topic.
(C) She's doing some research on movies on the job.
(D) She writes film reviews for her blog.
(E) She wants the movie industry to be more realistic.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:
What was the author's motivation to write this text?
Qual foi a motivação da autora para escrever este texto?
(A) She would like to work in the movie industry.
Ela gostaria de trabalhar na indústria cinematográfica.
(B) She watched a film and thought about the topic.
Ela assistiu a um filme e pensou sobre o assunto.
(C) She's doing some research on movies on the job.
Ela está fazendo algumas pesquisas sobre filmes no trabalho.
(D) She writes film reviews for her blog.
Ela escreve resenhas de filmes para seu blog.
(E) She wants the movie industry to be more realistic.
Ela quer que a indústria cinematográfica seja mais realista.

❑ TEXTO: Based on the text below, answer questions 24, 25 and 26.
USING SENSORS TO PREDICT BREAKING GLASS
USANDO SENSORES PARA PREVER QUEBRA DE VIDRO
Ever been walking down the street in a major city and suddenly get the eerie feeling that something is not quite right above you? Some of the buildings around you will be designed with lots of glass. Huge plates of the stuff. What might happen if that glass shattered and started falling all over you? This happens more often than you might think. And with large glass façades becoming part of modern building design, it's becoming even more of a concern to architects, builders and engineers.
Você já andou pela rua em uma cidade grande e de repente teve a sensação estranha de que algo não está certo acima de você? Alguns dos edifícios ao seu redor serão projetados com muito vidro. Grandes placas dessa coisa. O que poderia acontecer se esse vidro se quebrasse e começasse a cair em você? Isso acontece com mais frequência do que você imagina. E com grandes fachadas de vidro se tornando parte do design moderno de edifícios, está se tornando uma preocupação ainda maior para arquitetos, construtores e engenheiros.
Researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute want to help by using sensors to sound the alarm before the glass is already breaking and falling.
Pesquisadores do Instituto Fraunhofer querem ajudar usando sensores para soar o alarme antes que o vidro já esteja quebrando e caindo.
Four sensors are situated on the edge of the pane at a distance of one meter from each other.
Quatro sensores estão situados na borda do painel a uma distância de 1m um do outro. 
One sensor produces an ultrasound wave that is registered by the others.
Um sensor produz uma onda de ultrassom que é registrada pelos outros.
If the signal remains constant, the pane is not defective.
Se o sinal permanecer constante, o painel não está com defeito.
If it changes, this indicates a fissure, which most often emanates from the edge of the pane and is initially invisible.
Se mudar, isso indica uma fissura, que geralmente emana da borda do painel e é inicialmente invisível.
It is only as time goes by that it gets larger due to various factors, like fluctuations in temperature.
É somente com o passar do tempo que ele fica maior devido a vários fatores, como flutuações de temperatura.
The information is relayed to the building control systems and an alarm goes off.
A informação é retransmitida para os sistemas de controle do edifício e um alarme dispara.
The modules are also equipped to with light and temperature sensors that can instruct the building control system to lower shades to prevent the building from getting too hot.
Os módulos também são equipados com sensores de luz e temperatura que podem instruir o sistema de controle do edifício a baixar as persianas para evitar que o edifício fique muito quente.
(Adapted from: http://news.discovery.com)

24 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Considering the text, what does the word "tackle" mean in this extract?
  • "Campaigners called on the Government to tackle the "plague" of illness caused by cheap alcoholic drinks."
(A) to handle
(B) to save
(C) to restore
(D) to check
(E) to protect

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:
Considering the text, what does the word "tackle" mean in this extract?
  • "Campaigners called on the Government to tackle the "plague" of illness caused by cheap alcoholic drinks."
  • “Os ativistas apelaram ao Governo para combater a “praga” de doenças causadas pelas bebidas alcoólicas baratas.”
(A) to handle lidar
(B) to save salvar
(C) to restore restaurar
(D) to check verificar
(E) to protect proteger

25 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Considering the text, what does the word "reveal" mean in this extract?
  • "London Ambulance Service figures today reveal that the number of 10- and ll-year-olds requiring medical treatment for alcohol abuse has more than doubled in the past two years."
(A) relay
(B) suspect
(C) presume
(D) show
(E) rely

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:
Considering the text, what does the word "reveal" mean in this extract?
Considerando o texto, o que significa a palavra “revelar” neste trecho?
"London Ambulance Service figures today reveal that the number of 10- and ll-year-olds requiring medical treatment for alcohol abuse has more than doubled in the past two years."
"Os números do Serviço de Ambulâncias de Londres revelam hoje que o número de crianças de 10 e 11 anos que necessitam de tratamento médico por abuso de álcool mais que dobrou nos últimos dois anos."
(A) relay
retransmitir
(B) suspect
suspeitar
(C) presume
presumir
(D) show
mostrar
(E) rely
confiar

26 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) According to the text, the increase in drunken 10-year-olds is mainly due to:

(A) figures in health groups.
(B) drunken youth restrictions.
(C) alcohol abuse among parents.
(D) lack of public medical treatment.
(E) low prices of alcoholic drinks.

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:
According to the text, the increase in drunken 10-year-olds is mainly due to:
Segundo o texto, o aumento de crianças de 10 anos embriagadas se deve principalmente a:
(A) figures in health groups.
números em grupos de saúde.
(B) drunken youth restrictions.
restrições a jovens bêbados.
(C) alcohol abuse among parents.
abuso de álcool entre os pais.
(D) lack of public medical treatment.
falta de tratamento médico público.
(E) low prices of alcoholic drinks.
preços baixos das bebidas alcoólicas.

❑ TEXTO: Based on the text below, answer questions 27, 28 and 29.
USING SENSORS TO PREDICT BREAKING GLASS
USANDO SENSORES PARA PREVER QUEBRA DE VIDRO

Ever been walking down the street in a major city and suddenly get the eerie feeling that something is not quite right above you?
Você já andou pela rua em uma cidade grande e de repente teve a sensação estranha de que algo não está certo acima de você?
Some of the buildings around you will be designed with lots of glass.
Alguns dos edifícios ao seu redor serão projetados com muito vidro.
Huge plates of the stuff. What might happen if that glass shattered and started falling all over you? This happens more often than you might think. And with large glass façades becoming part of modern building design, it's becoming even more of a concern to architects, builders and engineers.
Grandes placas dessa coisa. O que poderia acontecer se esse vidro se quebrasse e começasse a cair em você? Isso acontece com mais frequência do que você imagina. E com grandes fachadas de vidro se tornando parte do design moderno de edifícios, está se tornando uma preocupação ainda maior para arquitetos, construtores e engenheiros.
Researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute want to help by using sensors to sound the alarm before the glass is already breaking and falling. Four sensors are situated on the edge of the pane at a distance of one meter from each other. One sensor produces an ultrasound wave
 that is registered by the others. If the signal remains constant, the pane is not defective. If it changes, this indicates a fissure, which most often emanates from the edge of the pane and is initially invisible. It is only as time goes by that it gets larger due to various factors, like fluctuations in temperature. The information is relayed to the building control systems and an alarm goes off.

The modules are also equipped to with light and temperature sensors that can instruct the building control system to lower shades to prevent the building from getting too hot.

(Adapted from: http://news.discovery.com)

27 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-PSAEN-2011)

According to the text, in what way has the modern building design worried architects, builders and engineers?

(A) Glass façades make buildings quite expensive.
(B) Glass façades make buildings too hot.
(C) Glass façades require control systems, which are not safe enough.
(D) Glass façades make people afraid of living in modern buildings.
(E) Glass façades make buildings dangerous for people on the streets.

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:
According to the text, in what way has the modern building design worried architects, builders and engineers?
De acordo com o texto, de que forma o projeto de construção moderna tem preocupado arquitetos, construtores e engenheiros?
(A) Glass façades make buildings quite expensive. As fachadas de vidro tornam os edifícios bastante caros.

(B) Glass façades make buildings too hot. As fachadas de vidro tornam os edifícios demasiado quentes.

(C) Glass façades require control systems, which are not safe enough. As fachadas de vidro requerem sistemas de controle, que não são suficientemente seguros.

(D) Glass façades make people afraid of living in modern buildings. As fachadas de vidro fazem com que as pessoas tenham medo de viver em edifícios modernos.

(E) Glass façades make buildings dangerous for people on the streets. As fachadas de vidro tornam os edifícios perigosos para as pessoas nas ruas.

28 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-PSAEN-2011)

Which alternative below is CORRECT, based -on the text above?

(A) The word "stuff" (line 4) refers to "glass".
(B) The word "others" (line 13) refers "acoustic signals".
(C) The word "it" (line 14) refers to "the pane".
(D) The word "which" (line 15) refers to "defective".
(E) The word "that" (line 21) refers to "modules".

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

29 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-PSAEN-2011) Which is the best alternative considering some of the statements are true (T) and others are false (F) ?

I - Modern building façades might be dangerous.

II - The sensors show when the glass is breaking or falling.

III - A glass fissure is not easily seen in the beginning.

IV - The sensors can help control the building temperature.

V - A change in the signal indicates that the pane is not defective.

VI - Changes in temperature do not have any influence on the size of glass fissures.

The best alternative is

(A) I-(T)  II-(F)  III-(T)  IV-(T)  V-(F)  VI-(F)
(B) I-(F)  II-(F)  III-(T)  IV-(T)  V-(F)  VI-(F)
(C) I-(F)  II-(T)  III-(T)  IV-(F)  V-(F)  VI-(T)
(D) I-(T)  II-(F)  III-(T)  IV-(T)  V-(T)  VI-(F)
(E) I-(T)  II-(T)  III-(F)  IV-(F)  V-(F)  VI-(T)

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:
Which is the best alternative considering some of the statements are true (T) and others are false (F) ?
Qual é a melhor alternativa considerando que algumas afirmações são verdadeiras (V) e outras são falsas (F)?

I - Modern building façades might be dangerous. As fachadas dos edifícios modernos podem ser perigosas.

II - The sensors show when the glass is breaking or falling. Os sensores sinalizam quando o vidro está quebrando ou caindo.

III - A glass fissure is not easily seen in the beginning. Uma fissura de vidro não é facilmente visualizada no início.

IV - The sensors can help control the building temperature. Os sensores podem auxiliar no controle da temperatura do edifício.

V - A change in the signal indicates that the pane is not defective. Uma alteração no sinal indica que o vidro não está defeituoso.

VI - Changes in temperature do not have any influence on the size of glass fissures. As variações de temperatura não influenciam o tamanho das fissuras dos vidros.

30 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) What is the correct way to complete the sentence below?

Though Ann was only 10, she _____ first place in the competition.

(A) won
(B) winning
(C) has won
(D) had won
(E) was winning

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:
What is the correct way to complete the sentence below?
Qual é a maneira correta de completar a frase abaixo?

Though Ann was only 10, she _____ first place in the competition.

Embora Ann tivesse apenas 10 anos, ela _____ primeiro lugar na competição.

(A) won ganhou
(B) winning ganhando
(C) has won ganhou
(D) had won ganhara
(E) was winning 
estava ganhando

31 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) What is the correct way to complete the sentence below?

Most of the instructions in this handout _________

(A) have not been followed.
(B) are not being follow.
(C) are not been followed.
(D) are not been follow.
(E) have not being followed.

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

32 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which of the alternatives below completes the sentence correctly?

"Because he was driving so ____ he was ____ hurt in the accident ."

(A) fastly - hardly
(B) quick - serious
(C) fast - seriously
(D) fastly - badly
(E) quickly - serious

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

33 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which is the correct option to complete the sentence below? 

I congratulated her _________.

(A) for passing
(B) to passing
(C) for pass
(D) on passing
(E) on pass

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

34 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which sequence best completes the sentence below?

When you stay ______ after midnight, your attention surely ______.

(A) woken - dropped
(B) awake - has dropped
(C) awoken- has dropped
(D) awake- drops
(E) woken - drops

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

35 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which of the alternatives below completes the sentence correctly?

The receptionist allowed Mary into the concert hall _______ she was late.

(A) however
(B) still
(C) yet
(D) in spite of
(E) although

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

36 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which of the alternatives below completes the sentence correctly?

Let's go to the mall, _______?

(A) will we
(B) won't we
(C) shall we
(D) don't we
(E) let we

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

37 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Choose the best reply to this statement.

Dayse: I haven't seen The King's Speech yet.
You: _______.

(A) Neither have I
(B) Nor do I
(C) So have I
(D) So do I
(E) So did I.

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

38 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which of the alternatives below completes the sentence correctly?

(Airport Requirement) Passengers ______  present their valid travel documents and boarding pass at airport security check and at the boarding gate in order to be allowed to board the airplane.

(A) can
(B) may
(C) should
(D) must
(E) might

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

39 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Choose the best option to rewrite the sentence keeping the same meaning.

He had his hair cut yesterday.

(A) He himself cut his hair yesterday.
(B) He wanted to cut his hair yesterday.
(C) His hair needed cutting.
(D) He cut his hair yesterday.
(E) The hairdresser cut his hair yesterday.

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

40 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which sequence best completes the text below?

Riding a bicycle is a low impact form of exercise that can be enjoyed by people of all ages and fitness levels. It can help ______  your general health while ______  gentle on your joints. It's also a great way ______ fun, get fit and spend time with friends and family. Always ______  a helmet and be aware of traffic rules when on the road.

(Adapted from: http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au)

(A) improving - to be - to have - wear
(B) to improve - being - having - wear
(C) improving - being - to have - wear
(D) to improve - to be - to have - wear
(E) to improve - being - to have - wear

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

41 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Analyse the sentences below.

Which TWO sentences express the same idea?

(1) The man stopped to smoke.

(2) The man gave up smoking.

(3) The man stopped smoking.

(4) The man didn't smoke.

The correct answer is

(A) 1 and 2
(B) 1 and 4
(C) 2 and 3
(D) 2 and 4
(E) 1 and 3

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

42 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which of the alternatives below completes the sentence correctly?

The radio alarm clock went ______  at the same time as usual.

(A) On
(B) off
(C) through
(D) up
(E) for

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

43 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which alternative does not express the same idea as "Always do right" in the sentence below?

"Always do right. This will gratify people and astonish the rest" (Mark Twain)

(A)You should always do right.
(B)You can always do right.
(C)You always have to do right.
(D)You must always do right.
(E) You always ought to do right.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

44 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which alternative is grammatically correct?

(A) He suggested me to go on a diet.
(B) He suggested me that I went on a diet.
(C) He suggested me going on a diet.
(D) He suggested me that going on a diet.
(E) He suggested going on a diet.

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

45 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which is the correct option to complete the sentence below?

If nobody ______ anything at once, I ______ the police!

(A) doesn't do - will have call
(B) do - won' t have call
(C) do - have to call
(D) does - will have to call
(E) will do - have to call

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

46 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) On May 2nd my mom asked me:

"Do you know that Osama Bin Laden was assassinated yesterday?"

Which alternative best reports my mom's speech?

(A) Mom asked me if I know he was assassinated yesterday.
(B) Mom asked me if I knew he had assassinated the day before.
(C) Mom asked me if I know he assassinated yesterday.
(D) Mom asked me if I knew he was assassinated the day before.
(E) Mom asked me if I knew he had been assassinated the day before.

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

47 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Choose the best sequence to complete the blanks. 

TIME ZONES AND UNIVERSAL TIME

Time ______  in a number of ways. For instance, we ______  the passage of time via the orbital motion of the Earth and other planets in the solar system (Dynamical Time). The measure ______  on the rotation of the Earth on its axis with respect to the stars, as well (Universal Time).

(Adapted from http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEhelp/TimeZone.html)

(A) can be measured - can measure - base
(B) can measure - can measure - can base
(C) can be measure - can be measured - can be based
(D) can measure - can measure - can base
(E) can be measured - can measure - can be based

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

48 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-PSAEN-2011) Which sequence best completes the text below?

Mr Stephèns, ______  recently defended WikiLeaks boss Julian Assange, said tn latest move has made a mockery of celebrity super-injunctions. "It's becoming increasingly untenable ______  super-injunctions can continue in the way they have, as there are so many people ______  breaking the law and in contempt of court .

(Adapted from http://www.thisislondon.co.uk)

(A) that - that - that
(B) who - which - who
(C) that - what - that
(D) whom - which - Ø
(E) who - that - Ø

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

49 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2011) Which sequence best completes the text below? 

David Beckham ______ in a minor car accident on Friday. The football ace ______ near Torrence in California when he ______  into the back of a stationary vehicle with his Cadillac SUV.

(Adapted from http://www.thisisiondon.co.uk)

(A) involved - was driving - run
(B) was involved - was driving- ran
(C) was involving - drove - was running
(D) has been involved - had been driving - run
(E) was involved - drove - ran

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

50 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-PSAEN-2011)

Which of the alternatives below completes the sentence correctly? 

After the referee _____ the whistle, the match will start.

(A) is blowing
(B) blows
(C) blew
(D) blowing
(E) does blows

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:
  • After the referee blows the whistle, the match will start.
  • Após o apito do árbitro, a partida começará.
(A) is blowing
(B) blows
(C) blew
(D) blowing
(E) does blows

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