UECE – 2020 / 2 – VESTIBULAR – 1ª FASE – LÍNGUA INGLESA – UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO CEARÁ – PROVA COM GABARITO.

Welcome back to another post!

➧ A pauta aqui é MILITARY ENGLISH.

➧ PROVA : UECE-2020/2-VESTIBULAR-1ª FASE-LÍNGUA INGLESA-06/12/2020.

➧ BANCA/ORGANIZADOR: COMISSÃO EXECUTIVA DO VESTIBULAR - CEV.

➧ PADRÃO/COMPOSIÇÃO DA PROVA:  08 (Oito) questões do tipo (A,B,C,D).

➧ GABARITO:

01-A,  02-C,  03-B,  04-D

05-D,  06-C,  07-B,  08-A

➧ VOCABULÁRIO:

1-VERBS:

• [to clog (obstruct. jam) – entupir, obstruir]

• [to divert – desviar]

• [to impair (damage, do harm) – prejudicar, danificar, fazer mal]

• [to pose (assume an attitude) – representar]

• [to store (stock) – armazenar, estocar]

• [to turn (transform) – transformar]

2-PHRASAL VERBS - USES:

• [to wipe out – destroy]

3-NOUN:

• [droughts – sêcas]

• [fires (blazes) – incêndios]

• [floods – enchentes]

• [otters – ariranhas]

• [ranchers – fazendeiros]

• [swamps – pântanos]

• [tapirs – antas]

• [tributaries – afluentes]

4-ADJECTIVES:

• [breathtaking (magnificent) – magnífico, de tirar o fôlego]

• [destroyed (devastated) – destruído, devastado]

• [staggering (astonishing) – impressionante, surpreendente]

5-NOUN PHRASES(Adjective+noun):

• [a critical threat – uma ameaça crítica]

• [a global household name – um nome familiar global]

• [a beating heart – um coração batendo]

• [bright blue hyacinth macaws – araras azuis brilhantes]

• [unseen gifts – presentes invisíveis]

• [the unprecedented fires – Os incêndios sem precedentes]

• [untold amounts – quantidades incalculáveis]

6-IDIOMS(Expressões Idiomáticas):

• [a tinderbox – uma caixa de pólvora, uma caixa cheia de material inflamável]

7-COLLOCATIONS:

• [for two months straight – por dois meses seguidos]

• [roughly a quarter of – cerca de um quarto de]

• [the well-being – o bem estar]

8-TECHNICAL ENGLISH:

• [downstream – rio abaixo]

• [flood pulse – pulso de inundação]

• [the rainy season – a estação das chuvas, a estação chuvosa]

• [the water cycle – o ciclo da água]

• [the area downstream of water – a área a jusante de água]

• [the booming agriculture – a agricultura em expansão]

• [wetland – o pantanal, zona úmida]

• [wildfires – incêndios florestais]

➧ PROVA:

➧ TEXT I:

The World’s Largest Tropical Wetland Has Become an Inferno

This year, roughly a quarter of the vast Pantanal wetland in Brazil, one of the most biodiverse places on Earth, has burned in wildfires worsened by climate change. What happens to a rich and unique biome when so much is destroyed?

The unprecedented fires in the wetland have attracted less attention than blazes in Australia, the Western United States and the Amazon, its celebrity sibling to the north. But while the Pantanal is not a global household name, tourists in the know flock there because it is home to exceptionally high concentrations of breathtaking wildlife: Jaguars, tapirs, endangered giant otters and bright blue hyacinth macaws. Like a vast tub, the wetland swells with water during the rainy season and empties out during the dry months. Fittingly, this rhythm has a name that evokes a beating heart: the flood pulse.

The wetland, which is larger than Greece and stretches over parts of Brazil, Paraguay and Bolivia, also offers unseen gifts to a vast swath of South America by regulating the water cycle upon which life depends. Its countless swamps, lagoons and tributaries purify water and help prevent floods and droughts. They also store untold amounts of carbon, helping to stabilize the climate.

For centuries, ranchers have used fire to clear fields and new land. But this year, drought worsened by climate change turned the wetlands into a tinderbox and the fires raged out of control. “The extent of fires is staggering,” said Douglas C. Morton, who leads the Biospheric Sciences Laboratory at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and studies fire and food production in South America. “When you wipe out a quarter of a biome, you create all kinds of unprecedented circumstances.” His analysis showed that at least 22 percent of the Pantanal in Brazil has burned since January, with the worst fires, in August and September, blazing for two months straight.

Naturally occurring fire plays a role in the Pantanal, in addition to the burning by ranchers. The flames are usually contained by the landscape’s mosaic of water. But this year’s drought sucked these natural barriers dry. The fires are far worse than any since satellite records began.

The Brazilian federal police are investigating the fires, some of which appear to have been illegally targeting forests.

Because ecosystems are interconnected, the well-being of the wetland is at the mercy of the booming agriculture in the surrounding highlands. The huge fields of soy, other grains and cattle — commodities traded around the world — cause soil erosion that flows into the Pantanal, clogging its rivers so severely that some have become accidental dams, robbing the area downstream of water.

But perhaps the most ominous danger comes from even further afield: climate change. The effects that models have predicted, a much hotter Pantanal alternating between severe drought and extreme rainfall, are already being felt, scientists say. A study published this year found that climate change poses “a critical threat” to the ecosystem, damaging biodiversity and impairing its ability to help regulate water for the continent and carbon for the world. In less than 20 years, it found that the northern Pantanal may turn into a savanna or even an arid zone. “We are digging our grave,” said Karl-Ludwig Schuchmann, an ecologist with Brazil’s National Institute of Science and Technology in Wetlands and one of the study’s authors.

To save the Pantanal, scientists offer solutions: Reduce climate change immediately. Practice sustainable agriculture in and around the wetland. Pay ranchers to preserve forests and other natural areas on their land. Increase ecotourism. Do not divert the Pantanal’s waters, because its flood pulse is its life.

Adapted from: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/13.

01 – (UECE-2020/2-VESTIBULAR-1ª FASE)

According to the text, the Pantanal is a region that

A) is not so well known globally as the Amazon.

B) is kept permanently under surveillance by the richest nations in the world.

C) has suffered the consequences of a huge fire that occurred in 1980.

D) was untouched by humans until recently.

*Afirmative (A): is not so well known globally as the Amazon.(não é tão conhecido globalmente como a Amazônia.)

- According to the 2nd paragraph:

" [...] But while the Pantanal is not a global household name,"

*Afirmative (B): is kept permanently under surveillance by the richest nations in the world.(é mantido permanentemente sob vigilância das nações mais ricas do mundo.)

*Afirmative (C): has suffered the consequences of a huge fire that occurred in 1980.(sofreu as consequências de um grande incêndio ocorrido em 1980.)

*Afirmative (D): was untouched by humans until recently.(foi intocado por humanos até recentemente.)

02 – (UECE-2020/2-VESTIBULAR-1ª FASE)

The text mentions that the reason tourists are so attracted to the Pantanal is the

A) fact that it is such an isolated area that makes them feel free.

B) landscape which is so inviting for long walks.

C) abundance of a magnificent and diverse native fauna.

D) lagoons, that like vast tubs, are great for swimming.

*Afirmative (A): fact that it is such an isolated area that makes them feel free.(é o fato de ser uma área tão isolada que os faz sentir-se livres.)

*Afirmative (B): landscape which is so inviting for long walks.(é a paisagem que convida a longas caminhadas.)

*Afirmative (C): abundance of a magnificent and diverse native fauna.(abundância de uma magnífica e diversa fauna nativa.)

- According to the 2nd paragraph:

"[...] tourists in the know flock there because it is home to exceptionally high concentrations of breathtaking wildlife"

*Afirmative (D): lagoons, that like vast tubs, are great for swimming.(lagoas, que gostam de grandes banheiras, são ótimas para nadar.)

03 – (UECE-2020/2-VESTIBULAR-1ª FASE)

To provide readers with a parameter as to the size of the Pantanal, the author of the text establishes a comparison with the extension of

A) Bolivia.

B) Greece.

C) Paraguay.

D) Australia.

• ANSWER (B)

- According to the 3nd paragraph:

"[...] The wetland, which is larger than Greece"(O pantanal, que é maior do que a Grécia)

04 – (UECE-2020/2-VESTIBULAR-1ª FASE)

The author also states that the Pantanal is a region which

A) contains the largest volume of water in South America.

B) has infinite natural resources no matter what happens.

C) enthralls mostly European tourists and ecologists.

D) is among the ones with the greatest biodiversity in our planet.

*Afirmative (A): contains the largest volume of water in South America.

*Afirmative (B): has infinite natural resources no matter what happens.

*Afirmative (C): enthralls mostly European tourists and ecologists.(encanta principalmente turistas e ecologistas europeus)

*Afirmative (D): is among the ones with the greatest biodiversity in our planet.(está entre as que possuem maior biodiversidade em nosso planeta.)

"[...] This year, roughly a quarter of the vast Pantanal wetland in Brazil, one of the most biodiverse places on Earth"

05 – (UECE-2020/2-VESTIBULAR-1ª FASE)

As to the fires that have spread over the Pantanal this year, the text mentions that the factor that has contributed to make them worse is the

A) criminal agricultural activities of the ranchers.

B) carelessness of foreign tourists.

C) reduced resources to fight against the fires.

D) drought aggravated by climate change.

*Afirmative (A): criminal agricultural activities of the ranchers.(atividades agrícolas criminosas dos fazendeiros.)

*Afirmative (B): carelessness of foreign tourists.(descuido dos turistas estrangeiros.)

*Afirmative (C): reduced resources to fight against the fires.(recursos reduzidos para combater os incêndios.)

*Afirmative (D): drought aggravated by climate change.(seca agravada pelas mudanças climáticas.)

06 – (UECE-2020/2-VESTIBULAR-1ª FASE)

What has been registered by satellites this year reveals that, since they started recording images of these fires in the region, they have become

A) less harmful than the Amazon fires.

B) more concentrated in certain precious areas.

C) the worst fires ever seen in the Pantanal.

D) scattered in areas with a smaller presence of animals.

*Afirmative (A): less harmful than the Amazon fires.

*Afirmative (B): more concentrated in certain precious areas.

*Afirmative (C): the worst fires ever seen in the Pantanal.(os piores incêndios já vistos no Pantanal.)

"[...] But this year’s drought sucked these natural barriers dry. The fires are far worse than any since satellite records began."

*Afirmative (D): scattered in areas with a smaller presence of animals.

07 – (UECE-2020/2-VESTIBULAR-1ª FASE)

A study that came out this year presents climate change as the most threatening danger to the Pantanal because it may lead to

A) surges of plagues that will destroy crops.

B) desertification that will destroy parts of the region.

C) fires that will help preserve the forest and other natural areas.

D) inundations that will improve agricultural activities.

*Afirmative (A): surges of plagues that will destroy crops.

*Afirmative (B): desertification that will destroy parts of the region.

*Afirmative (C): fires that will help preserve the forest and other natural areas.

*Afirmative (D): inundations that will improve agricultural activities.

08 – (UECE-2020/2-VESTIBULAR-1ª FASE)

Among the solutions scientists present to protect the Pantanal, the text mentions

A) sustainability and ecotourism.

B) channelization of rivers.

C) construction of dams.

D) expansion of industries.

*Afirmative (A): sustainability and ecotourism.

*Afirmative (B): channelization of rivers.

*Afirmative (C): construction of dams.

*Afirmative (D): expansion of industries.