FGV PROJETOS–2016–IBGE–ANALISTA

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❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:

• FGV/PROJETOS-2016- Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística-ANALISTA-Prova aplicada em 10/04/2016.

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

• 10 Multiple Choice Questions / 5 Options Each Question.

PROVA

❑ PROVA: 

01-A, 02-E, 03-D, 04-E, 05-B

06-D, 07-B, 08-C, 09-B, 10-A

 

➧ VOCABULÁRIO:

1) A WORD'S STATISTICAL REGULARITY - a regularidade estatística de uma palavra.

2) BACKLASH - reação negativa de um grande número de pessoas, repercussão ruim.

3) COMPUTERS ARE QUICKLY APPROACHING - os computadores estão rapidamente abordando.

4) SUBTLETIES (Sáróthis) - sutilezas, requintes.

5) TO TAKE INTO ACCOUNT - levar em conta, levar em consideração.

➧ TEXT I:

"Will computers ever truly understand what we're saying?"

Date: January 11, 2016
Source University of California - Berkeley
Summary:
            
If you think computers are quickly approaching true human communication, think again. Computers like Siri often get confused because they judge meaning by looking at a word's statistical regularity. This is unlike humans, for whom context is more important than the word or signal, according to a researcher who invented a communication game allowing only nonverbal cues, and used it to pinpoint regions of the brain where mutual understanding takes place.
            
From Apple's Siri to Honda's robot Asimo, machines seem to be getting better and better at communicating with humans. But some neuroscientists caution that today's computers will never truly understand what we're saying because they do not take into account the context of a conversation the way people do.
            
Specifically, say University of California, Berkeley, postdoctoral fellow Arjen Stolk and his Dutch colleagues, machines don’t develop a shared understanding of the people, place and situation - often including a long social history - that is key to human communication. Without such common ground, a computer cannot help but be confused.
           
“People tend to think of communication as an exchange of linguistic signs or gestures, forgetting that much of communication is about the social context, about who you are communicating with,” Stolk said.
            
The word "bank," for example, would be interpreted one way if you’re holding a credit card but a different way if you’re holding a fishing pole. Without context, making a "V" with two fingers could mean victory, the number two, or "these are the two fingers I broke." 
           
"All these subtleties are quite crucial to understanding one another," Stolk said, perhaps more SO than the words and signals that computers and many neuroscientists focus on as the key to communication. "In fact, we can understand one another without language, without words and signs that already have a shared meaning."

(Adapted from http://www.sciencedaily.com/r

eleases/2016/01/160111135231.htm)

01 – (FGV-2016-IBGE-ANALISTA)

The title of Text I reveals that the author of this text is:

(A) unsure;
(B) trustful;
(C) careless;
(D) annoyed;
(E) confident.

👍 Gabarito  A 
O título do Texto I revela que o autor deste texto é/está...
*Alternativa (A): inseguro;(O título é um questionamento que transmite incerteza, dúvida quanto evolução da tecnologia e da ciência e os computadores ➜ Will computers ever truly understand what we're saying?(Os computadores algum dia vão entender verdadeiramente o que estamos dizendo?);
*Alternativa (B): trustful=confident ➜ "confiante", "seguro";
*Alternativa (C): careless ➜ "descuidado", "desatento", "negligente";
*Alternativa (D): annoyed ➜ "aborrecido, "irritado";
*Alternativa (E): confident=trustful ➜ "confiante" ,"seguro";

02 – (FGV-2016-IBGE-ANALISTA)

Based on the summary provided for Text I,

mark the statements below as TRUE (T) or FALSE (F).

(  ) Contextual clues are still not accounted for by computers.
(  ) Computers are unreliable because they focus on language patterns. 
(  ) A game has been invented based on the words people use.

The statements are, respectively:

(A) F – T – T;
(B) T – F – T;
(C) F – F – T;
(D) F – T – F;
(E) T – T – F.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  E 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
Com base no resumo fornecido pelo Texto I, marque as sentenças abaixo como TRUE (T) ou FALSE (F).
*Alternativa (T): As pistas(dicas) contextuais ainda não são levadas em conta pelos computadores.(informação no 2º parágrafo).
*Alternativa (T): Os computadores são duvidosos porque eles focam nos padrões de linguagem.(informação no 1º parágrafo)
 *Alternativa (F): Um jogo foi inventado com base nas palavras que as pessoas usam.(o jogo é com base em "dicas não verbais).
Veja as ideias contextuais dos 1º e 2º parágrafos:
➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL do 2º parágrafo ➜ Os computadores NÃO LEVAM EM CONTA o contexto de uma conversa do jeito como os humanos fazem.
"From Apple's Siri to Honda's robot Asimo, machines seem to be getting better and better at communicating with humans. But some neuroscientists caution that today's computers will never truly understand what we're saying because THEY DO NOT TAKE INTO ACCOUNT the context of a conversation the way people do."
(Da Siri, da Apple, ao robô Asimo, da Honda, as máquinas parecem estar cada vez melhores na comunicação com os humanos. Mas alguns neurocientistas advertem que os computadores de hoje nunca entenderão verdadeiramente o que estamos dizendo porque ELES NÃO LEVAM EM CONTA o contexto de uma conversa como as pessoas fazem.)
➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL do 1º parágrafo ➜ Os computadores ficam duvidosos porque eles focam nos padrões de linguagem, ou seja, porque eles julgam o significado observando a regularidade estatística de uma palavra.
"[...] "If you think computers are quickly approaching true human communication, think again. Computers like Siri often get confused because they judge meaning by looking at a word's statistical regularity. This is unlike humans, for whom context is more important than the word or signal, according to a researcher who invented a communication game allowing only nonverbal cues, and used it to pinpoint regions of the brain where mutual understanding takes place.
(Se você acha que os computadores estão se aproximando rapidamente da verdadeira comunicação humana, pense novamente. Computadores como o Siri muitas vezes se confundem porque julgam o significado observando a regularidade estatística de uma palavra. Isso é diferente dos humanos, para quem o contexto é mais importante do que a palavra ou o sinal, segundo um pesquisador que inventou um jogo de comunicação que permite apenas sinais não-verbais e o usou para identificar regiões do cérebro onde a compreensão mútua acontece.)
➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL do 1º parágrafo ➜ foi inventado um jogo de comunicação que permite apenas SINAIS NÃO-VERBAIS e o usou para identificar regiões do cérebro onde a compreensão mútua acontece, ou seja, entre os humanos, há comunicação não–verbal que conta muito na interpretação do que é dito.
"[...] This is unlike humans, for whom context is more important than the word or signal, according to a researcher who invented a communication game allowing only nonverbal cues, and used it to pinpoint regions of the brain where mutual understanding takes place.
(Isso é diferente dos humanos, para quem o contexto é mais importante do que a palavra ou o sinal, segundo um pesquisador que INVENTOU UM JOGO DE COMUNICAÇÃO que permite apenas sinais não-verbais e o usou para identificar regiões do cérebro onde a compreensão mútua acontece.)

03 – (FGV-2016-IBGE-ANALISTA)

According to the researchers from the University of California, Berkeley:

(A) words tend to have a single meaning;
(B) computers can understand people's social history;
(C) it is easy to understand words even out of context;
(D) people can communicate without using actual words;
(E) social context tends to create problems in communication.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
Segundo os pesquisadores da Universidade da Califórnia, Berkeley:
*Alternativa (A): palavras tendem a ter um único significado;(informação não encontrado no texto)(o texto informa que entre os humanos há a comunicação verbal e também a comunicação não–verbal que conta muito na interpretação do que é dito, o que se infere que, uma palavra poderá transmitir mais de um sentido.)
*Alternativa (B): computadores podem entender a história social das pessoas;(informação não encontrado no texto)
*Alternativa (C): é fácil entender palavras fora do contexto;(informação não encontrado no texto)(O contexto é fundamental, pois sem ele, é difícil entender as palavras, já que estas podem transmitir vários sentidos.)
*Alternativa (D): as pessoas podem se comunicar sem usar palavras reais;(O texto fala da possibilidade da comunicação não-verbal entre os humanos.)
*Alternativa (E): contexto social tende a criar problemas na comunicação.(informação não encontrado no texto)

04 – (FGV-2016-IBGE-ANALISTA)

If you are holding a fishing pole, the word "bank" means a:

(A) safe;
(B) seat;
(C) boat;
(D) building;
(E) coastline.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  E 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
*Se você estiver segurando uma vara de pesca, a palavra BANK significa um/uma ...
*Alternativa (A): cofre;
*Alternativa (B): assento/um banco;
*Alternativa (C): barco/uma canoa;
*Alternativa (D): edifício/um prédio;
*Alternativa (E): litoral/costa.
👴 "bank" em um contexto de litoral onde uma pessoa segura uma vara de pescar, refere-se a um "BANCO de areia".
➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL do 5º parágrafo ➜ as palavras podem ter diferentes sentidos de acordo com o contexto e oferece como exemplo a palavra BANK: Se o contexto é uma pessoa segurando uma vara de pescar (fishing pole), o sentido de BANK é banco de areia. Em outra situação, uma pessoa segurando um cartão de crédito, o significado de BANK é banco(BB, CEF, etc):
"[...] The word "bank," for example, would be interpreted one way if you're holding a credit card but a different way if you’re holding a fishing pole. Without context, making a "V" with two fingers could mean victory, the number two, or "these are the two fingers I broke."
(A palavra "banco", por exemplo, seria interpretada de uma forma se você estivesse segurando um cartão de crédito, mas de uma maneira diferente, se estivesse segurando uma vara de pescar. Sem contexto, fazer um "V" com dois dedos pode significar vitória, o número dois, ou "estes são os dois dedos que eu quebrei.)

05 – (FGV-2016-IBGE-ANALISTA)

The word 'so' in

'perhaps more so than the words and signals'

is used to refer to something already stated in Text I.

In this context, it refers to:

(A) key;
(B) crucial;
(C) subtleties;
(D) understanding;
(E) communication.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - Uso do "SO" para se referir a algo dito anteriormente.:
A palavra SO em "perhaps more SO than the words and signals"('talvez mais do que as palavras e sinais) é usada para se referir a algo já indicado no Texto I. Neste contexto, ele se refere a:
*Alternativa (A): chave;
*Alternativa (B): crucial/decisivo;
*Alternativa (C): sutilezas;

*Alternativa (D): compreensão;

*Alternativa (E): comunicação.
➦Último parágrafo: SO ➜ crucial.
"All these subtleties are quite CRUCIAL to understanding one another," Stolk said, perhaps more SO than the words and signals that computers and many neuroscientists focus on as the key to communication. "In fact, we can understand one another without language, without words and signs that already have a shared meaning."
(Todas essas sutilezas são CRUCIAIS para a compreensão mútua, disse Stolk, talvez mais CRUCIAIS que as palavras e sinais que os computadores e muitos neurocientistas focalizam como a chave para a comunicação. Na verdade, podemos entender um ao outro sem linguagem, sem palavras. e sinais que já têm um significado compartilhado.)

➧ TEXT II:

 The backlash against big data 

[…]
           
Big data refers to the idea that society can do things with a large body of data that weren’t possible when working with smaller amounts. The term was originally applied a decade ago to massive datasets from astrophysics, genomics and internet search engines, and to machine-learning systems (for voicerecognition and translation, for example) that work well only when given lots of data to chew on. Now it refers to the application of data-analysis and statistics in new areas, from retailing to human resources. The backlash began in mid-March, prompted by an article in Science by David Lazer and others at Harvard and Northeastern University. It showed that a big-data poster-child—Google Flu Trends, a 2009 project which identified flu outbreaks from search queries alone—had overestimated the number of cases for four years running, compared with reported data from the Centres for Disease Control (CDC). This led to a wider attack on the idea of big data.
            
The criticisms fall into three areas that are not intrinsic to big data per se, but endemic to data analysis, and have some merit. First, there are biases inherent to data that must not be ignored. That is undeniably the case. Second, some proponents of big data have claimed that theory (ie, generalisable models about how the world works) is obsolete. In fact, subject-area knowledge remains necessary even when dealing with large data sets. Third, the risk of spurious correlations—associations that are statistically robust but happen only by chance—increases with more data. Although there are new statistical techniques to identify and banish spurious correlations, such as running many tests against subsets of the data, this will always be a problem.
           
There is some merit to the naysayers' case, in other words. But these criticisms do not mean that big-data analysis has no merit whatsoever. Even the Harvard researchers who decried big data "hubris" admitted in Science that melding Google Flu Trends analysis with CDC’s data improved the overall forecast—showing that big data can in fact be a useful tool. And research published in PLOS Computational Biology on April 17th shows it is possible to estimate the prevalence of the flu based on visits to Wikipedia articles related to the illness. Behind the big data backlash is the classic hype cycle, in which a technology's early proponents make overly grandiose claims, people sling arrows when those promises fall flat, but the technology eventually transforms the world, though not necessarily in ways the pundits expected. It happened with the web, and television, radio, motion pictures and the telegraph before it. Now it is simply big data's turn to face the grumblers.

(From http://www.economist.com/blogs/economist explains/201 4/04/economist-explains-10)

06 – (FGV-2016-IBGE-ANALISTA)

The use of the phrase 'the backlash' in the title of Text II

means the:

(A) backing of;
(B) support for;
(C) decision for;
(D) resistance to;
(E) overpowering of.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - VOCABULÁRIO CONTEXTUAL :
O uso da frase "a reação" no título do Texto II significa que:
*Alternativa (A): backing of ➜ APOIO A;
*Alternativa (B): support for➜ APOIO PARA;
*Alternativa (C): decision for ➜ DECISÃO A FAVOR;
*Alternativa (D): resistance to➜ RESISTÊNCIA A;
*Alternativa (E): overpowering of ➜ SUBJUGAÇÃO DE.

07 – (FGV-2016-IBGE-ANALISTA)

The three main arguments against big data raised by Text II in the second paragraph are:

(A) large numbers; old theories; consistent relations;

(B) intrinsic partiality; outdated concepts; casual links;
(C) clear views; updated assumptions; weak associations;
(D) objective approaches; dated models; genuine connections;
(E) scientific impartiality; unfounded theories; strong relations.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
Os três principais argumentos contra grandes dados levantados pelo Texto II no segundo parágrafo são:

*Alternativa (A): grandes números; antigas teorias; relações consistentes;

*Alternativa (B): parcialidade intrínseca; conceitos desatualizados; ligações casuais;
*Alternativa (C): visões claras; suposições atualizadas; associações fracas;
*Alternativa (D):abordagens objetivas; modelos datados; conexões genuínas;
*Alternativa (E): imparcialidade científica; teorias infundadas; fortes relações.
➦IDEIAS CONTEXTUAIS do 2º parágrafo: BIASES(Preconceitos/Inclinações ou parcialidade intrínseca), THEORY IS OBSOLETE(teoria está obsoleta ou conceitos desatualizados), THE RISK OF SPURIOUS CORRELATIONS(risco de correlações espúrias ou ligações casuais)     
"[...] The criticisms fall into three areas that are not intrinsic to big data per se, but endemic to data analysis, and have some merit. First, there are BIASES inherent to data that must not be ignored. That is undeniably the case. Second, some proponents of big data have claimed that theory (ie, generalisable models about how the world works) is obsolete. In fact, subject-area knowledge remains necessary even when dealing with large data sets. Third, THE RISK OF SPURIOUS CORRELATIONS —associations that are statistically robust but happen only by chance—increases with more data. Although there are new statistical techniques to identify and banish spurious correlations, such as running many tests against subsets of the data, this will always be a problem."
(As críticas caem em três áreas que não são intrínsecas aos grandes dados em si, mas são endêmicas à análise de dados e têm algum mérito. Primeiro, há PRECONCEITOS/INCLINAÇÕES/PARCIALIDADES inerentes aos dados que não devem ser ignorados. Isso é inegavelmente o caso. Em segundo lugar, alguns proponentes do big data afirmaram que a TEORIA (isto é, modelos generalizáveis sobre como o mundo funciona) ESTÁ OBSOLETA. De fato, o conhecimento da área de assunto permanece necessário mesmo quando se lida com grandes conjuntos de dados. Terceiro, o RISCO DE CORRELAÇÕES ESPÚRIAS - associações que são estatisticamente robustas, mas acontecem apenas por acaso - aumenta com mais dados. Embora existam novas técnicas estatísticas para identificar e banir correlações espúrias, como a execução de muitos testes contra subconjuntos de dados, isso sempre será um problema.)

08 – (FGV-2016-IBGE-ANALISTA)

The base form, past tense and past participle of the verb "fall" in "The criticisms fall into three areas"

are, respectively:

(A) fall-fell-fell;
(B) fall-fall-fallen;
(C) fall-fell-fallen;
(D) fall-falled-fell;
(E) fall-felled-falling.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - VERB :
A forma base, o passado e o particípio passado do verbo TO FALL ➜ fall-fell-fallen.

09 – (FGV-2016-IBGE-ANALISTA)

When Text II mentions 'grumblers' in 'to face the grumblers',

it refers to:

(A) scientists who use many tests;
(B) people who murmur complaints;
(C) those who support large data sets;
(D) statisticians who promise solid results;
(E) researchers who work with the internet.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - VOCABULÁRIO CONTEXTUAL :
Quando o Texto II menciona "grumblers" em 'to face the grumblers'(enfrentar os reclamões), refere-se:
*Alternativa (A): cientistas que usam muitos testes;
*Alternativa (B): pessoas que murmuram queixas;
*Alternativa (C): aqueles que apoiam grandes conjuntos de dados;
*Alternativa (D): estatísticos que prometem resultados sólidos;
*Alternativa (E): pesquisadores que trabalham com a internet. 
"[...] Behind the big data backlash is the classic hype cycle, in which a technology’s early proponents make overly grandiose claims, people sling arrows when those promises fall flat, but the technology eventually transforms the world, though not necessarily in ways the pundits expected. It happened with the web, and television, radio, motion pictures and the telegraph before it. Now it is simply big data's turn to face the grumblers."
(Por trás da grande repercussão dos dados está o ciclo clássico do hype, no qual os primeiros defensores de uma tecnologia fazem afirmações excessivamente grandiosas, as pessoas lançam flechas quando essas promessas caem, mas a tecnologia acaba transformando o mundo, embora não necessariamente da maneira esperada pelos especialistas. Aconteceu com a web, a televisão, o rádio, o cinema e o telégrafo antes dele. Agora é simplesmente a vez do big data para enfrentar os resmungões.)

10 – (FGV-2016-IBGE-ANALISTA)

The phrase 'lots of data to chew on' in Text II

makes use of figurative language and shares some common characteristics with:

(A) eating; 
(B) drawing;
(C) chatting;
(D) thinking;
(E) counting.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
A frase "muitos dados para mascarar" no Texto II faz uso da linguagem figurativa e compartilha algumas características comuns com:
*Alternativa (A): comer;
*Alternativa (B): desenhar;
*Alternativa (C): bater-papo;
*Alternativa (D): pensar;
*Alternativa (E): contar.

"[...] Big data refers to the idea that society can do things with a large body of data that weren’t possible when working with smaller amounts. The term was originally applied a decade ago to massive datasets from astrophysics, genomics and internet search engines, and to machine-learning systems (for voicerecognition and translation, for example) that work well only when given lots of data TO CHEW ON."
(Big data refere-se à ideia de que a sociedade pode fazer coisas com um grande volume de dados que não eram possíveis quando se trabalha com quantidades menores. O termo foi originalmente aplicado há uma década a grandes conjuntos de dados de astrofísica, genômica e mecanismos de busca na Internet, e a sistemas de aprendizado de máquina (para reconhecimento de voz e tradução, por exemplo) que funcionam bem apenas quando recebem muitos dados para serem usados.)

MACKENZIE-2013 - GRUPOS 2,3 - LÍNGUA INGLESA - Vestibular da Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie/SP - Prova com gabarito.

Welcome back to another post!

➧ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: MACKENZIE-SP-2013-VESTIBULAR-Grupos (II - III), aplicada em 08/12/2012. 

➧ BANCA/ORGANIZADOR: Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie/SP.

➧ PADRÃO/COMPOSIÇÃO DA PROVA: 07 questões do tipo (A,B,C,D,E).

➧ GABARITO:

01-C,  02-D,  03-E,  04-A,  05-B,  06-C,  07-C

• Directions: Look at the chart in Text I:

• TEXTO 1: The following text refers to questions 01 and 02.

Will Melinda Gates Change the Game for Women?

She plans to use the Gates Foundation’s billions to revolutionize contraception worldwide.

In the 12 years since Melinda Gates and her husband, Bill, created the Gates Foundation, the world’s largest philanthropic organization, she has done a lot of traveling. A reserved woman who has long been wary of the public glare attached to the Gates name, she comes alive,  her associates say, when she’s visiting the foundation’s projects in remote corners of the world. “You get her out in the field with a group of women, sitting on a mat or under a tree or in a hut, she is totally in her element, totally comfortable,” says Gary Darmstadt, director of family health at the foundation’s global health program.

Visiting vaccine programs in sub-Saharan Africa, Gates would often ask women at remote clinics what else they needed. Very often, she says, they would speak urgently about birth control. “Women sitting on a bench 20 of them, immediately they’ll start speaking out and saying, ‘I wish I had that injection I used to get,’” says Gates. “‘I came to this clinic three  months ago, and I got my injection. I came last week, and I couldn’t get it, and I’m here again.’”

They were talking about Depo-Provera, which is popular in many poor countries because women need to take it only four times a year, and because they can hide it, if necessary, from unsupportive husbands. As Gates discovered, injectable contraceptives, like many other forms of birth control, are frequently out of stock in clinics in the developing world, a result of both funding shortages and supply-chain problems.

Women would tell her that they’d left their farms and walked for hours, sometimes with children in tow, often without the knowledge of their husbands, in their fruitless search for the shot. “I was just stunned by how vociferous women were about what they wanted,” she says.

Because of those women, Gates made a decision that’s likely to change lives all over the world. As she revealed in an exclusive interview with Newsweek, she has decided to make family planning her signature issue and primary public health a priority.

01 – (MACKENZIE-SP-2013 - GRUPOS 2, 3) 

Which question below CANNOT be answered with information from the text?

a) How often do women have to take Depo-Provera as part of a contraceptive treatment?
b) What is Melinda Gates like?
c) How come some women's husbands are so unsupportive in situations like these?
d) When was the Gates Foundation created?
e) Why are clinics in the developing world out of injectable contraceptives?

02 – (MACKENZIE-SP-2013 - GRUPOS 2, 3) 

The sentence

"Gates would often ask women at remote clinics what else they needed"

in the direct speech is

a) Gates will ask to the women at remote clinics "What else have you needed?"
b) "What else did you need?", Gates asked women at remote clinics.
c) Gates often asked to the women at remote clinics: "What else does she need?"
d) "What else do you need?", Gates usually asked women at remote clinics.
e) Gates occasionally questioned the women at remote clinics about what they needed.

• TEXTO 2: The following text refers to questions 03 and 04.

Baby it's you

Hal David & Burt Bacharach

Barney Williams

Recorded 11, 20 February 1963

Lennon ___( I )___ slightly ill-at-ease on his own songs, but with covers, he already had the confidence of a born interpreter. The group's boyish harmonies didn't distract him from giving another Shirelles hit a commanding vocal performance that marked him out as The Beatles' most distinctive voice.

03 – (MACKENZIE-SP-2013 - GRUPOS 2, 3)

The verb that properly fills in blank I in the text is

a) would have sounded.
b) would rather have sounded.
c) had better sound.
d) should sound.
e) may have sounded.

04 – (MACKENZIE-SP-2013 - GRUPOS 2, 3)

According to the song review,

a) Lennon was not self-confident enough while singing his own songs.
b) Lennon gave The Shirelles a hit single called “Baby it’s you”, recorded by Burt Bacharach and Hal David.
c) Lennon’s harmonic voice turned him into a boyish born interpreter.
d) Both The Beatles and The Shirelles reached a remarkable performance while on stage.
e) The Beatles, whose voices sounded really distinctive, covered many of The Shirelles hits confidently.

• TEXTO 3: The following text refers to questions 05 to 07.

Join my new club, "tgit"

Until now, the business world was primarily made of two clubs. The most popular club, by far, was the "TGIF" club, or "Thank God It's Friday.” To be a member of this club, your primary focus is on the weekend. Members think about, anticipate, and look forward to Fridays so that they can get away from their work. Most members are highly stressed because only two days of the week are considered "good days." Even Sunday is considered stressful because the next day they have to go back to work. 

The other business club is substantially smaller, yet in some ways the members are more dedicated to the club. This one is called "TGIM," or "Thank God It's Monday." These members are usually workaholics who can’t stand weekends because they are away from work! Members of this club are also highly stressed because while there are generally five days of the week to be preoccupied with work, there is always that darn weekend that gets in the way! The most difficult day of the week is usually Friday, because it often means the member won’t be able to get back to work for a few days. They may try to work on weekends, but the demands of family get in the way. Needless to say, members of both clubs think members of the “other club” are completely nuts!

I invite you to join an alternate club. My hope is that together, we can eventually achieve a 100 percent membership. In fact, I’d love to put the other two clubs out of business altogether! This new club is called "TGIT," or "Thank God It's Today." Members of this club are happy seven days a week because they understand that every day is unique, and each brings with it different gifts. Members of this club are grateful to be alive; they rejoice in their many blessings and expect each day to be full of wonder, surprise, and opportunity. 

There are no qualifications necessary to join the “TGIT” club, other than the desire to have a higher quality of life and the desire to appreciate rather than dread each day. Members of this club understand that it’s useless to wish any day were different. They know that Mondays don't care if you like them or not – they simply go on being Mondays. Likewise, Fridays will come around every seventh day, ___( I )___. It’s up to each of us to make every day as special as it can be. No amount of wishing will make the slightest bit of difference.

Don't sweat the small stuff

By Richard Carlson

05 – (MACKENZIE-SP-2013 - GRUPOS 2, 3)

The sentence that properly fills in blank I in the text is

a) if you don't wish to be Friday.
b) whether you wish it were Friday or not.
c) if you wish to be Friday or not.
d) whether or not you wish they were Friday.
e) if you are on a Friday or not.

06 – (MACKENZIE-SP-2013 - GRUPOS 2, 3)

In the sentence,

"they rejoice in their many blessings, ..." 

the verb to rejoice in means

a) to enable something to happen.
b) to relate something funny to something outstanding.
c) to be very happy about something.
d) to make an idea, belief on feeling stronger.
e) to congratulate somebody on something.

07 – (MACKENZIE-SP-2013 - GRUPOS 2, 3)

The text states that

a) the “TGIF” club is made up of hundreds of people who believe being a workaholic is what lifts their spirits.
b) on the whole, people dread the fact that they will have to be back to work Monday morning and face the “TGIM” club members.
c) the “TGIT” club nowadays has reached a 100 percent membership due to the fact that it accepts members from both “TGIF” and “TGIM”.
d) while some people can't put up with weekends, others look forward to them.
e) families usually demand that their members be back home early in order to relieve stress although the families know their members make no difference in their lives.