FGV/VESTIBULAR–2010.1–ECONOMIA–1º SEMESTRE–LÍNGUA INGLESA–GABARITO, TEXTOS TRADUZIDOS & AQUISIÇÃO DE VOCABULÁRIO.

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❑  PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:

•  FGV/VESTIBULAR-2010.1-PROCESSO SELETIVO-1º SEMESTRE-GRADUAÇÃO EM ECONOMIA-SP.

https://vestibular.fgv.br

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

• 15 MCQs (Multiple Choice Question) / 5 Options Each Question.

• Texto (1) – | Brazil is More Than Soccer and ‘Carnival’ | www.istockanalyst.com |
• Texto (2) – | The silver dollar | www.economist.com |
• Texto (3) – | Petrobras approves first offshore heavy oil development | www.ogfj.com |

PROVA, TRADUÇÃO, GABARITO & MUITO VOCABULÁRIO

❑ PROVA:

❑ TRADUÇÃO-TEXTO 1:

Brazil is More Than Soccer and ‘Carnival’

O Brasil é mais que futebol e ‘carnaval’

July 24, 2009

[PARÁGRAFO 1]:

Many investors rarely think about Brazil as a place to put their investment dollars.

Muitos investidores raramente pensam no Brasil como um lugar para colocar seus dólares de investimento.

They think Brazil is just a country that goes crazy over soccer and has a wild ‘Carnival’ every year in Rio.

Eles acham que o Brasil é apenas um país que enlouquece com futebol e tem um "Carnaval" selvagem todo ano no Rio.

But Brazil is so much more. They may have the best economy in the Americas.

Mas o Brasil é muito mais do que isso. Eles podem ter a melhor economia das Américas.
[PARÁGRAFO 2]:
Brazil has made great strides under current President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, commonly known as Lula.

O Brasil fez grandes avanços sob o atual presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, comumente conhecido como Lula.

Lula took office on January 1, 2003 and he has, since being in office, run a very orthodox fiscal policy.

Lula assumiu o cargo em 1º de janeiro de 2003 e, desde então, tem conduzido uma política fiscal muito ortodoxa.

The country has maintained fiscal and trade surpluses for the better part of his presidency.

O país manteve superávits fiscais e comerciais durante a maior parte de sua presidência.
[PARÁGRAFO 3]:
Brazil’s highly capable Central Bank has followed a very strong monetary policy.

O altamente capaz Banco Central do Brasil seguiu uma política monetária muito forte.

They have maintained high levels of real interest rates, which prevented the economy from overheating and creating an over-expansion of credit – unlike the policies of others like the Federal Reserve.

Eles mantiveram altos níveis de taxas de juros reais, o que impediu que a economia superaquecesse e criasse uma expansão excessiva do crédito – diferente das políticas de outros como o Federal Reserve.
[PARÁGRAFO 4]:
In late April, the Brazilian Central Bank cut their interest rate from 11.25% to 10.25%.

No final de abril, o Banco Central do Brasil cortou sua taxa de juros de 11,25% para 10,25%.

This leaves them plenty of room to cut interest rates further, if necessary, to stimulate the Brazilian economy.

Isso lhes dá bastante espaço para cortar ainda mais as taxas de juros, se necessário, para estimular a economia brasileira.

Again, this distinguishes the Brazilian Central Bank from the Federal Reserve and others, who have left themselves virtually no room to cut interest rates further.

Novamente, isso distingue o Banco Central do Brasil do Federal Reserve e outros, que não deixaram praticamente espaço para cortar ainda mais as taxas de juros.
[PARÁGRAFO 5]:
Also, Brazil has long pursued a strategy of achieving energy independence from foreign oil.

Além disso, o Brasil há muito tempo busca uma estratégia para alcançar a independência energética do petróleo estrangeiro.

Brazil started its own ethanol program – based on its rich sugar crop and offshore oil exploration using deep-sea drilling methods.

O Brasil iniciou seu próprio programa de etanol – com base em sua rica safra de açúcar e exploração de petróleo offshore usando métodos de perfuração em alto mar.

It’s achieved a remarkable degree of energy self-sufficiency – again setting it apart from much of the rest of the world.

Ele alcançou um grau notável de autossuficiência energética – novamente o diferenciando de grande parte do resto do mundo.
[PARÁGRAFO 6]:
Brazil, unlike the United States and other economies, is not over-levered – It has prudent fiscal and monetary policies, balanced and diversified trade, along with a coherent energy policy.

O Brasil, diferentemente dos Estados Unidos e de outras economias, não é excessivamente alavancado – tem políticas fiscais e monetárias prudentes, comércio equilibrado e diversificado, juntamente com uma política energética coerente.

It leaves the country well positioned for the future.

Isso deixa o país bem posicionado para o futuro.

(www.istockanalyst.com/article/viewarticle/articleid/3370044#. Adaptado)
👉 Questão  76 :
According to the text,
(A) Lula’s government has become much more conservative since 2003.
(B) the idea that Brazil is just Carnival and soccer is becoming less and less widespread among investors.

(C) Brazilian economy did not overheat due to high interest rates established by its Central Bank.
(D) Brazilian Central bank adopted some policies in line with the Federal Reserve, the American Central Bank.
(E) in April, the Federal Reserve cut their interest rate from 11.25 to 10.25 to stimulate the Brazilian economy.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

According to the text,
(A) Lula’s government has become much more conservative since 2003.
(B) the idea that Brazil is just Carnival and soccer is becoming less and less widespread among investors.

(C) Brazilian economy did not overheat due to high interest rates established by its Central Bank.
(D) Brazilian Central bank adopted some policies in line with the Federal Reserve, the American Central Bank.
(E) in April, the Federal Reserve cut their interest rate from 11.25 to 10.25 to stimulate the Brazilian economy.

👉 Questão  77 :
One of the favorable aspects the text presents about Brazil is its
(A) political leadership in the Americas.
(B) over-levered economy.
(C) attraction to foreign investors.
(D) coherent energy policy.
(E) unstable level of interest rates.

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

One of the favorable aspects the text presents about Brazil is its
(A) political leadership in the Americas.
(B) over-levered economy.
(C) attraction to foreign investors.
(D) coherent energy policy.
(E) unstable level of interest rates.

👉 Questão  78 :
In terms of energy, Brazil is praised in the text because
(A) of its extensive sugar crop.
(B) unlike other countries, it is quite self-sufficient.

(C) the deep-sea drilling methods are very competitive to obtain oil.
(D) the ethanol program is an eco-friendly method.

(E) both ethanol and offshore oil are still experimental sources of energy.

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

(A) of its extensive sugar crop.
(B) unlike other countries, it is quite self-sufficient.

(C) the deep-sea drilling methods are very competitive to obtain oil.
(D) the ethanol program is an eco-friendly method.

(E) both ethanol and offshore oil are still experimental sources of energy.

👉 Questão  79 :
No trecho do terceiro parágrafo do texto – unlike the policies of others like the Federal Reserve. – as palavras unlike e like indicam, respectivamente,
(A) rejeição; probabilidade.
(B) diferença; semelhança.
(C) desaprovação; aprovação.
(D) diferenciação; exemplificação.
(E) improbabilidade; probabilidade.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

👉 Questão  80 :
No trecho do quinto parágrafo do texto – It’s achieved a remarkable degree of energy self-sufficiency … – o ’s em It’s pode ser corretamente substituído por
(A) has.
(B) goes.
(C) was.
(D) does.
(E) is.

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

(A) has.
(B) goes.
(C) was.
(D) does.
(E) is.

👉 Questão  81 :
De acordo com o texto, o Federal Reserve, banco central dos Estados Unidos,
(A) incentivou um comércio exterior diversificado e equilibrado.
(B) manteve os juros altos, fato que gerou um superaquecimento da economia.
(C) disputa com o Brasil o título de melhor economia das Américas.
(D) apresentou uma política fiscal e monetária arrochada.
(E) não tem espaço para cortar mais a taxa de juros.

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

(A) incentivou um comércio exterior diversificado e equilibrado.
(B) manteve os juros altos, fato que gerou um superaquecimento da economia.
(C) disputa com o Brasil o título de melhor economia das Américas.
(D) apresentou uma política fiscal e monetária arrochada.
(E) não tem espaço para cortar mais a taxa de juros.

❑ TRADUÇÃO-TEXTO 2:

The silver dollar

O dólar de prata

There is money to be made in the grey market, but it takes thought

Há dinheiro a ser ganho no mercado cinza, mas é preciso pensar

Jun 25th 2009

[PARÁGRAFO 1]:

When Tokyo residents of a certain age want to go shopping, they head for Sugamo, in the north of the city. The main street, Jizo-dori, features a variety of shops selling food, sweets, medicaments, bits and bobs and, most notably, a huge choice of woolly underwear in bright red, a favourite colour with the elderly because it is thought to be lucky and health-giving. The local McDonald’s has a section with seats designed for older people, and a karaoke bar offers songs from the good old days. For spiritual refreshment, there is the four-centuries-old Kogan-ji Buddhist temple, where visitors buy incense and pray for a long life–and a quick and easy exit.

Quando os moradores de Tóquio de uma certa idade querem fazer compras, eles vão para Sugamo, no norte da cidade. A rua principal, Jizo-dori, apresenta uma variedade de lojas que vendem comida, doces, medicamentos, bugigangas e, mais notavelmente, uma enorme variedade de roupas íntimas de lã em vermelho brilhante, uma cor favorita dos idosos porque é considerada uma cor de sorte e saudável. O McDonald's local tem uma seção com assentos projetados para pessoas mais velhas, e um bar de karaokê oferece músicas dos bons e velhos tempos. Para refresco espiritual, há o templo budista Kogan-ji de quatro séculos, onde os visitantes compram incenso e rezam por uma vida longa — e uma saída rápida e fácil.
[PARÁGRAFO 2]:
Jizo-dori has a long tradition, but businesses everywhere now realise that in future there will be a lot more older folk with money to spend. In most rich countries the baby-boomers born after the second world war were more numerous, better educated and better paid than any generation before them. When those boomers retire, they will want to do it in style, plastic surgery and all. This group of customers can be persuaded to buy a plethora of products, from travel and financial services to mobile phones, medicines and comfy beds.

Jizo-dori tem uma longa tradição, mas empresas em todos os lugares agora percebem que no futuro haverá muito mais pessoas mais velhas com dinheiro para gastar. Na maioria dos países ricos, os baby-boomers nascidos após a segunda guerra mundial eram mais numerosos, mais bem educados e mais bem pagos do que qualquer geração anterior a eles. Quando esses boomers se aposentarem, eles vão querer fazer isso com estilo, cirurgia plástica e tudo. Esse grupo de clientes pode ser persuadido a comprar uma infinidade de produtos, de viagens e serviços financeiros a celulares, medicamentos e camas confortáveis.
[PARÁGRAFO 3]:
Some businesses are already adjusting their ranges to cater for the grey market. However, this is a tricky market to tackle. Advertisers are often accused of trying too hard to sell to the young when much of the spending power is now concentrated in older age groups, but it is not a simple matter of moving “from rocking horse to rocking chair”. When companies try to cater for older customers, they do not always get it right. Attempts to “seniorise” ads, for example, have mostly drawn a poor response because their targets think of themselves as younger than they really are. That refusal to settle for being “old” will only get stronger as the baby-boomers start turning 65.

Algumas empresas já estão ajustando suas faixas para atender ao mercado cinza. No entanto, esse é um mercado complicado de se enfrentar. Os anunciantes são frequentemente acusados ​​de tentar vender demais para os jovens quando grande parte do poder de compra agora está concentrado em faixas etárias mais velhas, mas não é uma questão simples de passar "do cavalo de balanço para a cadeira de balanço". Quando as empresas tentam atender clientes mais velhos, elas nem sempre acertam. Tentativas de "seniorizar" anúncios, por exemplo, têm atraído uma resposta ruim porque seus alvos se consideram mais jovens do que realmente são. Essa recusa em se contentar em ser "velho" só vai ficar mais forte à medida que os baby-boomers começarem a fazer 65 anos.
[PARÁGRAFO 4]:
But the hardest thing about selling to older people is that they are such a heterogeneous group. Someone in his 70s may be in frail health and living in an old folks’ home; or he may be running for president of the United States, as John McCain did last year. There are many shades of grey.

Mas o mais difícil sobre vender para pessoas mais velhas é que elas são um grupo muito heterogêneo. Alguém na casa dos 70 pode ter saúde frágil e viver em um asilo; ou pode estar concorrendo à presidência dos Estados Unidos, como John McCain fez no ano passado. Há muitos tons de cinza.

(www.economist.com/specialreports/PrinterFriendly.cfm? story_id=13888110 Adaptado)

👉 Questão  82 :
Jizo-dori
(A) é uma região de Sugamo, perto de Tóquio, onde vivem muitos aposentados.
(B) é uma rua de Tóquio, cujo comércio é dirigido às necessidades e gosto dos idosos.
(C) tem suas lojas decoradas em vermelho, que é a cor da sorte e saúde no Japão.
(D) é uma galeria fechada que, além de lojas, tem um McDonald’s, um karaokê e um templo budista.

(E) é um shopping center novo e moderno na região norte de Sugamo, frequentado por muitos idosos em busca de diversão.

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Jizo-dori
(A) é uma região de Sugamo, perto de Tóquio, onde vivem muitos aposentados.
(B) é uma rua de Tóquio, cujo comércio é dirigido às necessidades e gosto dos idosos.
(C) tem suas lojas decoradas em vermelho, que é a cor da sorte e saúde no Japão.
(D) é uma galeria fechada que, além de lojas, tem um McDonald’s, um karaokê e um templo budista.

(E) é um shopping center novo e moderno na região norte de Sugamo, frequentado por muitos idosos em busca de diversão.

👉 Questão  83 :
According to the text,
(A) businesses have to prepare products for older consumers in future.
(B) people born after the second world war had many babies, who now are better educated than their parents.
(C) plastic surgery is the main thing older people wish to do when they retire.
(D) many senior citizens in rich countries want to get a better education after retirement.
(E) most companies are managing to create stylish items that appeal to both young and old consumers.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

According to the text,
(A) businesses have to prepare products for older consumers in future.
(B) people born after the second world war had many babies, who now are better educated than their parents.
(C) plastic surgery is the main thing older people wish to do when they retire.
(D) many senior citizens in rich countries want to get a better education after retirement.
(E) most companies are managing to create stylish items that appeal to both young and old consumers.

👉 Questão  84 :
One of the ideas presented in the text is that older people
(A) spend less money than young people because they wish to save for an uncertain future.
(B) start to identify with their age group when they turn 65.
(C) tend to reject items designed for senior citizens because they feel younger than they are.
(D) don’t move from rocking horse to rocking chair because they do not retire until they are 70.
(E) are mostly good consumers after they turn 70, because their aim is to enjoy life.

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

One of the ideas presented in the text is that older people
(A) spend less money than young people because they wish to save for an uncertain future.
(B) start to identify with their age group when they turn 65.
(C) tend to reject items designed for senior citizens because they feel younger than they are.
(D) don’t move from rocking horse to rocking chair because they do not retire until they are 70.
(E) are mostly good consumers after they turn 70, because their aim is to enjoy life.

👉 Questão  85 :
A última frase do texto – There are many shades of grey. – significa que
(A) os idosos têm cabelos grisalhos de diferentes matizes.
(B) John McCain é um bom exemplo de idoso moderno, pois concorreu à presidência dos Estados Unidos.
(C) a maioria dos idosos acima de 70 anos acaba doente ou em uma casa de repouso.
(D) há muitos tipos diferentes de idosos.
(E) os tons de cinza são os preferidos dos idosos americanos.

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

A última frase do texto – There are many shades of grey. – significa que
(A) os idosos têm cabelos grisalhos de diferentes matizes.
(B) John McCain é um bom exemplo de idoso moderno, pois concorreu à presidência dos Estados Unidos.
(C) a maioria dos idosos acima de 70 anos acaba doente ou em uma casa de repouso.
(D) há muitos tipos diferentes de idosos.
(E) os tons de cinza são os preferidos dos idosos americanos.

👉 Questão  86 :
No trecho do terceiro parágrafo do texto – … because their targets think of themselves as younger than they really are. – a expressão their targets refere-se a
(A) older customers.
(B) “seniorise” ads.
(C) companies.
(D) younger customers.
(E) poor response.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

(A) older customers.
(B) “seniorise” ads.
(C) companies.
(D) younger customers.
(E) poor response.

👉 Questão  87 :
No trecho do segundo parágrafo – … they will want to do it in style … – a expressão do it refere-se a
(A) fazer cirurgia plástica.
(B) geração pós-guerra.
(C) aposentar-se.
(D) ir às compras.
(E) modernizar seu estilo.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

(A) fazer cirurgia plástica.
(B) geração pós-guerra.
(C) aposentar-se.
(D) ir às compras.
(E) modernizar seu estilo.

👉 Questão  88 :
Segundo o texto,
(A) os idosos japoneses são mais fáceis de agradar do que os americanos.
(B) em grande parte dos países ricos, a geração pós-guerra pode participar ativamente do mercado de consumo.
(C) a terceira idade começa aos 65 anos, mas uma pessoa se torna idosa aos 70 anos.
(D) os produtos direcionados a idosos devem ser relacionados ao bem-estar, como camas e remédios.

(E) telefones celulares são um item de segurança para os idosos.

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Segundo o texto,
(A) os idosos japoneses são mais fáceis de agradar do que os americanos.
(B) em grande parte dos países ricos, a geração pós-guerra pode participar ativamente do mercado de consumo.
(C) a terceira idade começa aos 65 anos, mas uma pessoa se torna idosa aos 70 anos.
(D) os produtos direcionados a idosos devem ser relacionados ao bem-estar, como camas e remédios.

(E) telefones celulares são um item de segurança para os idosos.

❑ TRADUÇÃO-TEXTO 3:

Petrobras approves first offshore heavy oil development

Petrobras aprova primeiro desenvolvimento de petróleo pesado offshore

Petrobras has approved the development project for its Siri field in the Campos basin, according to a news report from Brazil. The field will be the first in the world__ 89__ extra heavy oil from an offshore site. Siri field, off the coast of Southeast Brazil, __ 90__ in production tests since March and the company plans to contract production equipment in 2011.

A Petrobras aprovou o projeto de desenvolvimento do seu campo Siri na bacia de Campos, de acordo com uma reportagem do Brasil. O campo será o primeiro do mundo__ 89__ óleo extra pesado de um local offshore. O campo Siri, na costa do Sudeste do Brasil, __ 90__ em testes de produção desde março e a empresa planeja contratar equipamentos de produção em 2011. 

(www.ogfj.com/index/article-display/9965473505/s-articles/ s-oil-gas-financial-journal/s-volume-6/s-Issue_7/s-Features/ s-Special_Report/s-Brazil_Briefs.html Adaptado)

Assinale a alternativa que completa, correta e respectivamente, cada lacuna no texto.
👉 Questão  89 :
(A) the product
(B) in production
(C) will produce
(D) is produced
(E) to produce

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

(A) the product
(B) in production
(C) will produce
(D) is produced
(E) to produce

👉 Questão  90 :
(A) would have seen
(B) had been
(C) were done
(D) has been
(E) was going

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

(A) would have seen
(B) had been
(C) were done
(D) has been
(E) was going

FGV/VESTIBULAR–EAESP–2010.2–LÍNGUA INGLESA–GABARITO, TEXTOS TRADUZIDOS & AQUISIÇÃO DE VOCABULÁRIO.

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❑  PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:

•  FGV-Escola de Administração de Empresas de São Paulo-2010.2-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE-Aplicada em 06/06/2010.

https://vestibular.fgv.br

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

• 15 MCQs (Multiple Choice Question) / 5 Options Each Question.
• Texto (1) – | Core and periphery | The Economist |
• Texto (2) – | The financial page | The New Yorker |

PROVA, TRADUÇÃO, GABARITO & MUITO VOCABULÁRIO

❑ TEXTO 1: 

01-D, 02-B, 03-E, 04-B, 05-A

06-D, 07-E, 08-C, 09-E, 10-B

11-E, 12-A, 13-D, 14-C, 15-E

➧ VOCABULÁRIO: 

➧ TEXTO I:

CORE AND PERIPHERY

Apple is renowned for the control it exercises over every element of its business, from design to marketing. The resulting products, to its fans, verge on perfection. But there are clearly some steps in the manufacturing process that it does not supervise so closely. According to a report the firm released on February 23rd, the treatment of workers at several of its contractors in various countries broke both local laws and Apple’s own standards. Such problems are thought to be rife at Western firms’ suppliers in China in particular, but are seldom brought to light. Even Apple’s account raises more questions than it answers.

Apple says some of its suppliers hired underage employees, dumped hazardous waste illegally, made staff work unreasonable hours and paid less than the minimum wage. They also violated Apple’s own standards by discriminating against pregnant women, providing inadequate safety equipment and imposing onerous recruitment fees on workers. Remedial steps, the company says, have already been taken. But it does not specify where these events occurred or how many people were affected. Over the past three years the firm has increased the number of facilities audited each year from 39 to 102. But how much of its production this represents is not disclosed. The report does, however, observe that Apple’s suppliers are good at protecting its intellectual property, if not their workers’ rights.

To be fair, Apple was under no obligation to commission the report or make its findings public. What is more, the report claims, “During most of our audits, suppliers stated that Apple was the only company that had ever audited their facility for supplier responsibility.”

China’s reluctance to grant visas to foreign reporters and its censorship of the press does allow factories to elude the kind of scrutiny that would be routine elsewhere. But even China may have limits. On February 25th the People’s Daily, a government mouthpiece, reported that 62 workers had been poisoned in a poorly ventilated factory in Suzhou run by Wintek, a Taiwanese manufacturer that makes products for firms including Apple and Nokia.

To defuse concerns about their contractors’ conduct, some Western firms, such as Nike, have made their entire supply chains public. That is something that Apple, which is notoriously secretive, remains unwilling to do.

THE ECONOMIST,

MARCH, 6TH-12TH, 2010

01 – (FGV-2010-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

According to the information in the article,

(A) China’s government has accused Apple of exploiting workers at its factories in the interior of China
(B) Apple uses an overseas contracting system specially designed to follow the labor laws in countries where it operates.
(C) until recently Apple had always obeyed all of the labor laws in the countries in which it operates.
(D) Apple has apparently been careless about some aspects of the way its products are manufactured.
(E) poorly paid workers forced to labor in substandard conditions make Apple’s products.

02 – (FGV-2010-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

As mentioned in the article, what happened on February 23rd?

(A) A document proved that several Western multinational firms had been involved in illegal manufacturing practices in China.
(B) Apple published a document admitting the questionable labor and industrial practices of some of its suppliers and contractors in foreign countries.
(C) Apple published a response to accusations that it had violated certain aspects of China’s labor laws.
(D) Several of Apple’s foreign suppliers and contractors published a document in which they admitted having participated in illegal labor practices.
(E) Apple published a detailed account of its supply chain, showing clearly, from start to finish, how its products are made.

03 – (FGV-2010-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

In paragraph 1, the sentence

“Even Apple’s account raises more questions than it answers”

most likely means the same as which of the following?

(A) Rather than clear up all doubts, Apple’s version of the story has actually led to more confusion.
(B) Apple will have to ask many more questions before it can find the answers it is looking for.
(C) Apple’s investigation was designed to fool observers into thinking that a truthful report would be published.
(D) Even Apple’s accounting practices will almost certainly have to be investigated.
(E) Even Apple has no answers to many of the questions about its suppliers’ unfair labor practices.

04 – (FGV-2010-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

Which of the following does Apple not mention as an illegal or unfair act committed by some of its suppliers?

(A) They made people pay a large amount of money in order to be hired.
(B) They provided poorly ventilated working places for their employees.
(C) They didn’t give fair and equal treatment to pregnant women.
(D) They didn’t follow legal and safety guidelines when disposing of certain kinds of rubbish.
(E) They hired people who weren’t old enough to work legally.

05 – (FGV-2010-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

According to the information in the article,

Apple

(A) has been vague about its way of solving its problems with suppliers involved in unfair or illegal practices.
(B) has cut relations with suppliers involved in unfair or illegal practices.
(C) will soon make public the names of its suppliers involved in unfair or illegal practices.
(D) is trying to protect its suppliers in China by agreeing to cooperate with government officials there.
(E) has just instituted a policy imposing ethical, transparent business practices at all times.

06 – (FGV-2010-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

According to the information in the article,

which of the following is most likely true about the suppliers that Apple audited?

(A) The great majority have been involved in illegal practices in various countries.
(B) The great majority of their illegal practices were committed in China.
(C) The number of infractions they have committed has increased dramatically in the past three years.
(D) Most of them have affirmed that, with the exception of Apple, no client has tried to verify whether their practices are fair or unfair.
(E) They have demonstrated that protecting Apple’s intellectual property is their biggest priority.

07 – (FGV-2010-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

Which of the following events most likely supports the declaration in paragraph 4 that “...even China may have limits”?

(A) China has started vigorously to investigate factories that have been accused of unfair or illegal labor practices.
(B) China will now make it more difficult for foreign firms to set up joint operations with domestic manufacturing companies.
(C) China has started to review its policy on granting visas to foreign reporters.
(D) China’s government has accused a Taiwanese manufacturer of doing nothing to save the lives of 62 workers who had been poisoned in a factory.
(E) A Chinese government news organ revealed an incident in which Chinese workers were hurt in a factory.

08 – (FGV-2010-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

According to the information in the article,

which one of the following entities would probably have the least to fear from a profound and impartial investigation of suppliers’ business and labor practices in China?

(A) China’s government
(B) Apple
(C) Nike
(D) Nokia
*E) Wintek

➧ TEXTO II:

THE FINANCIAL PAGE

Since most European countries have an elaborate social safety net, a recession has a less dramatic impact on people’s daily lives. In the U.S., unemployment insurance pays relatively little and runs out relatively quickly, so losing a job usually means a precipitous decline in income. In European countries, unemployment benefits are typically substantial and long-lasting. This is not entirely a plus – it probably makes unemployment higher than it otherwise would be – but in hard times it keeps money in people’s pockets. (And paying for it means that European government spending automatically rises quite a bit during recessions.) Furthermore, universal health care enables Europeans to see a doctor even if they’re out of work.

None of this means that Europeans are indifferent to recessions or unemployment. But it does reduce the pressure to get their economies moving again at any cost. Furthermore, there seems to be an underlying difference in psychology. Americans talk a good game about the need for balanced budgets and fiscal responsibility, but we've proved ourselves happy to borrow trillions in order to maintain our life styles. And, while Americans hate inflation, they love economic growth more: the Federal Reserve's mission is not just to fight inflation but also to maximize employment. Europe runs a much tighter ship: if a European Union member has a deficit of greater than three per cent of G.D.P., it’s subject to disciplinary action. And the European Central Bank has only one mandate: keep inflation low.

James Surowiecki

THE NEW YORKER, MARCH 30, 2009

James Surowiecki THE NEW YORKER,

MARCH 30, 2009

09 – (FGV-2010-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

According to the information in the article,

which of the following is a difference between the U.S. and most European countries?

(A) It’s harder to find a job in most European countries than it is in the U.S.
(B) It’s harder to fire a European employee than it is to fire an American one.
(C) Recessions are more common in the U.S. than they are in most European countries.
(D) Unlike most American employees, most European employees earn relatively little money but have greater job security.
(E) Unlike most Europeans, if an American is fired, he can quickly find himself in a bad financial situation.

10 – (FGV-2010-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

According to the information in the article,

one disadvantage of European unemployment benefits is that they

(A) make it very hard to fire an employee for just cause.
(B) may very likely increase the unemployment rate.
(C) encourage employers to hire illegal immigrants.
(D) encourage people to work in the informal economy.
(E) are very often substantial and long-lasting.

11 – (FGV-2010-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

According to the information in the article,

which of the following is not true of most European countries?

(A Normally, they are careful about spending too much money.
(B) They provide poor people with access to medical care.
(C) They are not so liberal with money as is the U.S.
(D) They try to make sure that unemployed people have money.
(E) Their governments cut their expenses drastically during recessions.

12 – (FGV-2010-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

According to the information in the article,

though European countries are concerned about recessions and unemployment,

(A) they are reluctant to implement inflationary measures to stimulate the economy.
(B) they are even more concerned about keeping their elaborate social safety net intact.
(C) European Union regulations prevent them from taking steps to stimulate their economies.
(D) they are equally concerned about inflation and budget deficits.
(E) they are even more concerned about political instability and social unrest.

13 – (FGV-2010-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

In paragraph 2, when the article talks about

“an underlying difference in psychology,”

it most likely means that

(A) Americans and Europeans have been unable to reach an agreement about liberal economic policies.

(B) the American economy depends on stability; the European economy depends on growth.
(C) social problems can become serious much more quickly in Europe than they can in the United States.

(D) economically speaking, Americans and Europeans have different ideas about what is really important.
(E) unlike the European financial system, the American system encourages irresponsibility.

14 – (FGV-2010-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

With respect to the economy,

the article makes clear that

(A) American and European workers suffer equally during recessions.
(B) the U.S. deals more competently with recessions than does Europe.
(C) Americans say one thing and do another.
(D) Americans are committed to maintaining a balanced budget.
(E) the American life style generates much more wealth than does the European life style.

15 – (FGV-2010-EBAPE-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

Which of the following is not supported by information in the article?

(A) The European Union is stricter about budget deficits than is the U.S.
(B) Both the Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank are committed to controlling inflation.
(C) The Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank have the same fundamental responsibilities.
(D) For Americans, stimulating economic growth is more important than fighting inflation.
(E) Americans are willing to go into debt to maintain their standard of living.