MACKENZIE – 2015 – VESTIBULAR – MEIO DE ANO – UNIVERSIDADE PRESBITERIANA MACKENZIE/SP – PROVA COM GABARITO.

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: MACKENZIE-2015/2-VESTIBULAR-MEIO DE ANO-01/06/2015.

www.mackenzie.br

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

➭ 07 Multiple Choice Questions / 5 Options Each Question.

➭ Text (1) – | SIESTA TIME | The Economist |

➭ Text (2) – | Globalisation, humanism, modernity:
In search of equilibrium | Foreign Affair |

❑ PROVA:

❑ TEXTO 1: The following text refers to questions 12 to 15.

SIESTA TIME

Finally, vindication for power nappers. Far from being lazy louts, siesta-takers are actually doing their bit for the firm. According to Sara Mednick and her colleagues at Harvard, just 60 minutes of shut-eye in the middle of the day can make you perform like the fresh daisy you were first thing in the morning. But it has to be bona fide sleep; a mere rest, they found, has no effect.
         
Dr. Mednick, whose results have just been published in Nature Neuroscience, wanted to know what effect power napping would have on people’s visual perception. She asked 30 student volunteers to come into her laboratory. Four times on the same day, at 9am, noon, 4pm and 7pm, they were required to stare at a computer screen for an hour. Their task was to pick out a vertical or horizontal bar from a striped background - an established test of visual perceptiveness. The more quickly they picked out the bar, the more acute their perception.
         
All the volunteers had slept well in the days before the test, and had been warned off alcohol. During the test day, nicotine addicts were allowed to indulge their habits, but everyone had to remain uncaffeinated. Despite this cosseting, the performance of the ten volunteers who went straight through the day without a nap deteriorated rapidly. Their best scores were first thing in the morning, and it was downhill from there on. By the last session, they were taking 52% longer, on average, to identify the orientation of the bar than they had in the first.

The Economist

12 – (MACKENZIE-2015-VESTIBULAR-MEIO DE ANO)
Researchers have found out that
a) the visual perceptiveness test the volunteers were submitted to had to be picked out by the researchers.

b) smoking and drinking coffee have no effect on our siesta time.
c) if you look at a computer screen for one hour a day you can perform your tasks much better.
d) resting is not as effective as deep sleeping.
e) volunteers who hadn’t been sleeping well recently flunked the test.

R E S P O S T A :   D

• Os pesquisadores descobriram que ...

a) the visual perceptiveness test the volunteers were submitted to had to be picked out by the researchers.

• o teste de percepção visual que os voluntários foram submetidos teve que ser escolhido pelos pesquisadores.

b) smoking and drinking coffee have no effect on our siesta time.

• fumar e beber café não tem efeito sobre a hora de descanso.
c) if you look at a computer screen for one hour a day you can perform your tasks much better.

• se você olhar para uma tela de computador durante uma hora por dia você pode executar suas tarefas muito melhor.
d) resting is not as effective as deep sleeping.

• descansar não é tão eficaz quanto o sono profundo.
e) volunteers who hadn’t been sleeping well recently flunked the test.

• voluntários que não haviam dormido bem recentemente fizeram o teste.

13 – (MACKENZIE-2015-VESTIBULAR-MEIO DE ANO)
"Bona Fide" in the text is the same as
a) fashionable, stylish.
b) attentive, instructional.
c) genuine, real.
d) scruffy, untidy.
e) reliable, confident.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
*"Bona Fide" no texto é o mesmo que "genuine"(genuíno), real(verdadeiro).
VEJA no final do 1º parágrafo:
"[...] Finally, vindication for power nappers. Far from being lazy louts, siesta-takers are actually doing their bit for the firm. According to Sara Mednick and her colleagues at Harvard, just 60 minutes of shut-eye in the middle of the day can make you perform like the fresh daisy you were first thing in the morning. But it has to be bona fide sleep; a mere rest, they found, has no effect."
(Finalmente, reivindicação para nappers de energia. Longe de serem preguiçosos, os siesta-takers estão realmente fazendo o pouco para a empresa. De acordo com Sara Mednick e seus colegas em Harvard, apenas 60 minutos de olho fechado no meio do dia podem fazê-lo funcionar como a margarida fresca, você era a primeira coisa da manhã. Mas tem que ser um SONO VERDADEIRO; Um simples descanso, descobriram, não tem nenhum efeito.)

14 – (MACKENZIE-2015-VESTIBULAR-MEIO DE ANO)
According to the text, the wrong alternative is
a) Volunteers who did not have any sleep during the day didn't do well on the test.
b) The last session the volunteers were exposed to was generally longer than the first.
c) Nature Neuroscience probably publishes scientific work.
d) First thing in the morning people usually perform well.
e) The volunteers had been sleeping well before the test.

R E S P O S T A :   B

• De acordo com o texto, a alternativa ERRADA é ...

a) Volunteers who did not have any sleep during the day didn't do well on the test.

• Os voluntários que não dormiram durante o dia não fizeram bem no teste.
b) The last session the volunteers were exposed to was generally longer than the first.

• A última sessão em que os voluntários foram expostos foi geralmente mais longa do que a primeira.
c) Nature Neuroscience probably publishes scientific work.

• A Nature Neuroscience provavelmente publica trabalho científico.
d) First thing in the morning people usually perform well.

• Primeiro, na manhã, as pessoas costumam ter um bom desempenho.
e) The volunteers had been sleeping well before the test.

• Os voluntários haviam dormido bem antes do teste.

15 – (MACKENZIE-2015-VESTIBULAR-MEIO DE ANO)

A alternativa que melhor expressa a ideia da frase

"All the volunteers had slept well in the days before the test, and had been warned off alcohol"  é:
a) Todos os voluntários dormiram bem juntos alguns dias antes do teste e foram aconselhados a tomar bebida alcoólica.
b) Todos os voluntários dormiram muito antes do teste e não foram avisados para tomar bebida alcoólica.
c) Todos os voluntários dormiram bem nos dias antes do teste e foram advertidos para que se afastassem do álcool.
d) Os voluntários tinham dormido nos dias anteriores ao teste e tinham sido aconselhados a manter uma certa distância de qualquer bebida, alcoólica ou não.
e) Os voluntários dormiram todos juntos alguns dias antes do teste e, apesar do conselho para que não bebessem álcool, não conseguiram evitar a tentação.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
*Todos os voluntários dormiram bem nos dias antes do teste e foram advertidos para que se afastassem do álcool.

❑ TEXTO 2: The following text refers to questions 16 to 18.

Globalisation, humanism, modernity:

In search of equilibrium

Monica Grigorescu*

Our time has proved to be amazingly effective in gropingly building up a civilization which it has proved amazingly inept at putting in order.

(André Maliaux)

After so many crises which have followed each other in as many areas, we ought to admit that industrial and technological civilization is creating as many problems as it is capable of resolving. The myth of progress, one of the founding myths of our civilization, also appears to have collapsed as a myth. The development of modern society, spectacular as it is from an economist’s angle of vision, has not been able to society; stop a slide into human and moral underdevelopment. A deterioration of quality in relation to quantity makes only those things that can be actually measured appear to be real; unfortunately, things like poetry, suffering, or love are hardly quantifiable.
         
Towards the end of his eventful life, Jean Monnet, a remarkable figure of the twentieth century, reasoned that, had he been able to start all over again, he would have begun with culture. A founding father of what was later to become the European Union, he expressed that belated belief in the pre-eminent role of culture as a part of greater civilization after he had tried for several decades to build a prosperous Europe in economic terms in the aftermath of a devastating war. 

*Director of the House of Latin America of the Ministry of Foreign Affair of Romania.

Revista Direito Mackenzie

16 – (MACKENZIE-2015-VESTIBULAR-MEIO DE ANO)
I. Jean Monnet founded the European Union at the end of his life.
II. Today technology isn't as beneficial as it used to be.
III. Poetry and love have been disregarded lately.
IV. Quantity isn't as relevant as quality nowadays.
V. Progress has also been threatened by the world crisis.
De acordo com as afirmações a respeito do texto acima, podemos dizer que
a) As afirmações II e III são falsas.
b) As afirmações I e IV são verdadeiras.
c) A afirmação I é a única verdadeira.
d) A afirmação IV é a única falsa.
e) As afirmações II, III e V são verdadeiras.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
De acordo com o texto, são verdadeiras as afirmativas II, III e V:
*Hoje a tecnologia não é tão benéfica quanto costumava ser.
*Poesia e amor foram ignorados ultimamente.
*O progresso também foi ameaçado pela crise mundial.

17 – (MACKENZIE-2015-VESTIBULAR-MEIO DE ANO)
A alternativa que melhor expressa a ideia da frase

"had he been able to start all over again, he would have begun with culture" é:
a) Ele teria começado pela cultura se tivesse sido convencido a recomeçar.
b) A cultura teria sido revista se ele tivesse sido capaz de fazê-lo.
c) Ele daria um “start” na cultura caso tivesse sido capaz.
d) Cultura é por onde ele iniciaria caso pudesse recomeçar.
e) Sua habilidade de reiniciar teria sido posta em prática se ele tivesse mais cultura.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
*A oração é:
"had he been able to start all over again, he would have begun with culture."
(tivesse ele SIDO CAPAZ de começar de novo, ele TERIA COMEÇADO com cultura).
A alternativa que melhor expressa a ideia da frase é:
"Cultura é por onde ele iniciaria caso pudesse recomeçar."

18 – (MACKENZIE-2015-VESTIBULAR-MEIO DE ANO)
Na sentença,

"…he expressed that belated belief in the pre-eminent role of culture…"

a palavra grifada pode ser substituída por
a) late; delayed
b) influenced; affected
c) authoritative; imperious
d) impulsive; rash
e) polite; respectful
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
*Na sentença, "belated" é sinônimo de "late"(tardio), "delayed"(atrasado), VEJA:
"…he expressed that belated belief in the pre-eminent role of culture…".
(...ele expressou essa crença tardia no papel preeminente da cultura...)