PS – EFOMM 2006 – LÍNGUA INGLESA

•PROVA EFOMM 2006 - PROCESSO SELETIVO DE ADMISSÃO ÀS ESCOLAS DE FORMAÇÃO DE OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE

•    LINKS  

Prova de Inglês

Gabarito Final

•    PROVA  

• 20 Multiple Choice Questions / 5 Options Each Question.

❑ Choose the alternative that best replaces the underlined words. (Questões 1 a 3)

01 – (EFOMM-2006-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

• "We can't swim here; the water is too_________".

(A) mellow
(B) shallow
(C) sallow
(D) callow
(E) bellow

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICO - VOCABULÁRIO - ADJETIVO CONTEXTUAL:

"We can't swim here; the water is too_________".

Não conseguimos nadar aqui; a água está muito RASA.

(A) mellow –  suave, calma
(B) shallow – /ˈʃæl·oʊ/ rasa, não profunda. (Michaelis Dictionary)

(C) sallow –  pálida, amarelada
(D) callow –  imatura. inexperiente
(E) bellow –  abaixo

➽Shallow (adj) - Having little depth, depthless.

• >> Fry the onions in a shallow pan. [Merriam-webster Dictionary]
• >>A shallow river. [Longman Dictionary]
• >>The lake is quite shallow. [Longman Dictionary]

➽ Shallow (adj) - Not interested, Not complete. Superficial.

• >> A shallow argument. [Longman Dictionary]
• >> Reviewers called the book lightweight, shallow, and simplistic.

➽ Shallow (adj) - Not interested, Not complete. Superficial.

• >> A shallow angle. (UM ÂNGULO RASO. NÃO ÍNGRIME)
• >> The aircraft climbed at a shallow angle.[Cambridge Dictionary]
• A aeronave subiu em um ângulo raso.

➽ Shallow (noun) - The shallow part of an area of water: 

• >> Alligators live in the shallows.

02 – (EFOMM-2006-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

• "I've put up with Susan's nagging for two whole weeks".

(A) foresaw
(B) accepted
(C) stood
(D) scolded
(E) admitted

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICOs - PHRASAL VERB "TO PUT UP WITH":

➭ "I've put up with Susan's nagging for two whole weeks."

Eu tolerei a reclamação de Susan por duas semanas inteiras.

(A) foresaw –  previu

(B) accepted – aceitou
(C) stood – aguentou, suportou, tolerou 

(D) scolded – repreendeu 

(E) admitted – admitiu 

➭ PUT UP WITH - TOLERAR. SUPORTAR.

www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/

definition/english/put-up-with

03 – (EFOMM-2006-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

• "Psychologists say kids are being robbed of time they need for connecting with their parents and siblings".

(A) colleagues
(B) partners
(C) relatives
(D) friends
(E) brother or sister

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    E  

TÓPICO - SYNONYMS, NOUNS:

➭ "Psychologists say kids are being robbed of time they need for connecting with their parents and siblings."

Os psicólogos afirmam que as crianças estão sendo privadas do tempo de que necessitam para se relacionarem com os pais e os irmãos.

(A) colleagues –  colegas
(B) partners –  parceiros
(C) relatives –  familiares
(D) friends –  amigos
(E) brother or sister –  irmão ou irmã

➭ SIBLING (a brother or sister) - IRMÃO, IRMÃ.

www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/sibling

04 – (EFOMM-PS-2006-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

• "The housekeeper saw the birds _____ eggs and then _____ down”.

(A) lying / laying
(B) lying / lieing
(C) laying / lying
(D) laying / laid
(E) laying / lieing

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICO - LAY vs LIE :

>>1ª LACUNA:

• "The housekeeper saw the birds LAYING eggs "
• A governanta viu os pássaros PONDO ovos.
• CONTEXTO → COLOCAR, PÔR → TO LAY (lay. laid, laid, laying), é um verbo  seguido por "noun" (eggs).
• OUTRO EXEMPLO:
• The boss laid the papers on the table.
• O patrão colocou os papéis sobre a mesa.

>>2ª LACUNA:

• The housekeeper saw the birds laying eggs and then LYING down.
• A governanta viu os pássaros pondo ovos e depois DEITANDO-SE.
• CONTEXTO → DEITAR → TO LIE (lie, lay , lain, lying), um verbo seguido por "advérbio" (down, here) ou "preposição" (in, on).

>> SUMMARY CHART:

(Fonte: www.vocabulary.cl): 

05 – (EFOMM-PS-2006-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

• "The paint is wet because he _______ the picture".

(A) is just ending
(B) just ended
(C) have just ended
(D) has just ending
(E) has just ended

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    E  

TÓPICO - USO DO "PRESENT PERFECT" :

>> "The paint is wet because he has just ended the picture."

>> A tinta está úmida porque ele acabou de terminar o quadro.

• Geralmente, usamos o Presente Perfeito (has just ended) quando uma ação no passado tem um resultado ou efeito presente (A PINTURA ESTÁ TERMINADA MAS AINDA ESTÁ ÚMIDA).
• Usamos o Passado Simples (just ended) quando uma ação está apenas no passado, sem qualquer eco no presente. 
• Portanto, no contexto (a tinta está úmida), cabe adequadamente o tempo verbal "Presente Perfeito" e não o "Passado Simples".
• DETALHE: Para ações muito recentes no passado, há uma diferença entre o inglês britânico e o inglês americano.
• Os falantes de inglês britânico tendem a usar o presente perfeito com JUST, enquanto os falantes americanos costumam usar o JUST com o passado simples.
• Um falante de inglês britânico escolheria "has just ended", enquanto um falante de inglês americano teria maior probabilidade de escolher "just ended".

>>JUST, YET, STILL e ALREADY com o "Present Perfect" → para enfatizar que ação verbal está relacionada ao momento presente.
>> JUST (com o Present Perfect):

1) SENTIDO: significa ''pouco tempo antes', para enfatizar que que algo acabou de acontecer.

2) USO GRAMTICAL: para enfatizar que que algo acabou de acontecer.  Usado apenas em sentença e pergunta AFIRMATIVAS(+).

3) POSICIONAMENTO NA ORAÇÃO: Fica entre o verbo auxiliar (have/has) e o particípio passado.

• I've just seen Susan coming out of the cinema. (JUST = 'a short time before')
• Acabei de ver Susan saindo do cinema.
• Mike's just called. Can you ring him back, please?
• Mike acabou de ligar. Dá para você ligar de volta para ele, por favor?
• Have you just taken my pen?!
• Você acabou de pegar minha caneta?!

>> YET (com o Present Perfect):

1) SENTIDO: 'a qualquer momento até agora', para enfatizar que esperamos que algo aconteça em breve.

2) USO GRAMATICAL: Usado apenas em sentença e pergunta NEGATIVAS(-).

3) POSICIONAMENTO NA ORAÇÃO: no final da oração ou pergunta.

• >> Have you finished your homework yet? (YET = 'at any time up to now')
• Você já terminou sua lição de casa?
  
• >> I haven't finished it yet. I'll do it after dinner. 
• Ainda não terminei. Farei isso depois do jantar.
• >> A: Where's Sam? B: He hasn't arrived yet! 
• A: Onde está Sam? B: Ele ainda não chegou!

>> STILL (com o Present Perfect):

1) SENTIDO: significa que algo não aconteceu. Usamos para enfatizar que esperávamos que a coisa acontecesse mais cedo.

2) USO GRAMATICAL: usado SOMENTE em sentença NEGATIVA (-).

3) POSICIONAMENTO NA ORAÇÃO: entre o sujeito (the bus, they, etc.) e o verbo auxiliar (haven't / hasn't).

• >> She still hasn't replied to my email.
• Ela ainda não respondeu ao meu e-mail.
• >> I've been waiting for an hour and the bus still hasn't come.
• Estou esperando há uma hora e o ônibus ainda não chegou.
  
• >> They promised me that report yesterday but they still haven't finished it.
• Prometeram-me esse relatório ontem, mas ainda não o terminaram.

>> ALREADY (com o Present Perfect):

1) SENTIDO: significa ‘antes de agora’. Usamos para enfatizar que algo aconteceu antes de outra coisa ou antes do esperado.

2) USO GRAMATICAL: sentença (+ ou -).

3) POSICIONAMENTO NA ORAÇÃO: pode vir entre o verbo auxiliar e o verbo principal ou no final da oração.

• The train's left already! (ALREADY = before now)
• O trem já partiu!
• I've already spent my salary and it's two weeks before payday.
• Já gastei meu salário e faltam duas semanas para o dia do pagamento. 
• He wanted to see Sudden Risk but I've already seen it.
• Ele queria ver Sudden Risk, mas eu já vi.

06 – (EFOMM-PS-2006-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

• "I dislike _______ housework. I hate ______ the cooking and shopping and cleaning and washing up. Let's get a maid _______ all the uninteresting jobs".

(A) making / doing / do
(B) making / making / to do
(C) doing / doing / doing
(D) doing / doing / to do
(E) doing / to do / doing

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICO - Collocations With DO:

"I dislike doing housework. I hate doing the cooking and shopping and cleaning and washing up. Let's get a maid to do all the uninteresting jobs".

"Não gosto de fazer tarefas domésticas. Detesto cozinhar, fazer compras, limpar e lavar a louça. Vamos arrumar uma empregada para fazer todos os trabalhos desinteressantes".

(A) making / doing / do
(B) making / making / to do
(C) doing / doing / doing
(D) doing / doing / to do
(E) doing / to do / doing

>> 1ª lacuna:

- Collocation: DO HOUSEWORK.

- PADRÃO VERBAL: We can use "hate", "like", "love" and "prefer" with an -ing form or with a to-infinitive.

• I dislike doing housework. 
• Não gosto de fazer tarefas domésticas.

>> 2ª lacuna:

- Collocation: DO THE COOKING.

• I hate doing the cooking 
• Eu odeio cozinhar.

>> 3ª lacuna:

- Padrão gramatical → to get someone to do something - pedir alguém para fazer algo.

• Let's get a maid to do all the uninteresting jobs.
• Vamos contratar uma empregada para fazer todos os trabalhos desinteressantes.

07 – (EFOMM-PS-2006-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

• "Money you are paid for your work is money you ______".

(A) earn

(B) win
(C) gain
(D) profit
(E) benefit

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICO - COLLOCATIONS:

"Money you are paid for your work is money you win".

O dinheiro que você recebe pelo seu trabalho é o dinheiro que você ganha.

(A) earn (ganhar, com ideia de "merecer" ou "obter, receber").

• earn your friendship (ganhar/merecer sua amizade),  “earn a degree” (ganhar/ um diploma), “earn interest” (ganhar/receber juros), 
• earn a salary (receber um salário).

(B) win (ganhar, com ideia de "vencer".

• ““win a battle” (vencer uma batalha), win the war (vencer a guerra).
•  "win the championship “(ganhar o campeonato). "win the game" (ganhar o jogo).
•  “win money”(ganhar dinheiro),  “win lottery” (ganhar na loteria), “win a prize” (ganhar um prêmio), 

(C) gain (ganhar, com ideia de "aumentar").

• "gain weight" (ganhar peso), “gain access” (ganhar acesso), “gain advantage” (ganhar vantagem), “gain experience” (ganhar experiência), “gain support” (ganhar apoio).

(D) profit
(E) benefit

08– (EFOMM-PS-2006-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

• "Politicians often write their ____________ at the end of their careers".

(A) memories
(B) memoirs
(C) remembrances
(D) souvenirs
(E) mementos

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICO - CONFUSED WORDS:

"Politicians often write their memoirs at the end of their careers".

“Os políticos muitas vezes escrevem suas história de vida no final da carreira” .

(A) memories

• as lembranças de alguém (sobre alguma época da vida dele, etc)
• Memories (pronounced “mehm-ore-eez”) is the plural form of the noun memory. It means more than one recollection or remembered moment from a person’s lifetime.

(B) memoirs

• a história da vida de alguém.
• Memoirs (pronounced “mehm-wars”) is a written record of a person’s experiences. While an autobiography covers a whole life as written by the person who lived it, memoirs are a collection of anecdotes and stories of a life written by the person who lived it.

(C) remembrances
(D) souvenirs
(E) mementos

09 – (EFOMM-PS-2006-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

• Philip: "- She's got a place at college!"
• Kate: " - _______!"

(A) So have I

(B) So I have
(C) And I
(D) I am too
(E) So am I

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICO - SO HAVE I :

Philip: "- She's got a place at college!"

Kate: " - So have I !"

(A) So have I

(B) So I have
(C) And I
(D) I am too
(E) So am I

• "So have I" → usado quando "have/has" for auxiliar.
• Philip: "- She has got a place at college!"
• Kate: " - So have I !"

10 – (EFOMM-PS-2006-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

• "People still smoke ______ they know smoking is dangerous”.

(A) despite

(B) in spite of
(C) although 
(D) as soon as
(E) instead of

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICO - CONJUNÇÃO TEM FORÇA GRAMATICAL DE UNIR ORAÇÕES:

"People still smoke although they know smoking is dangerous”.

“As pessoas ainda fumam embora saibam que fumar é perigoso”.

(A) despite (preposição)(NÃO UNE ORAÇÕES)

(B) in spite of (preposição)(NÃO UNE ORAÇÕES)
(C) although (conjunção)

• The conjunction "although" joins the two clauses in the sentence.

(D) as soon as (idiom)(NÃO UNE ORAÇÕES)
(E) instead of (preposição)(NÃO UNE ORAÇÕES)

>>CONJUCTIVE ADVERBS: São advérbios. Não são conjunções. Não coordenam e nem subordinam orações. Advérbio não tem força de conjunção.

>>CONJUCTIVE ADVERBS: However, Therefore,Thus, Moreover, Furthermore, Nevertheless, Nonetheless.

11 – (EFOMM-PS-2006-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

• "There are quite a few islands off the west ______ of Scotland".

(A) shore
(B) seashore
(C) coast
(D) beach
(E) seaside

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICO - VOCABULÁRIO:

"There are quite a few islands off the west coast of Scotland".

“Existem algumas ilhas na costa oeste da Escócia”.

(A) shore

• Shore is a more general word for the land along the edge of a sea, lake, or wide river. [Collins dictionary]
• ("Shore" é uma palavra mais geral para a terra ao longo da beira de um mar, lago ou rio largo.)
• He swam towards the shore.
• Ele nadou em direção à costa.

(B) seashore

• The seashore is the part of a coast where the land slopes down into the sea. [Collins dictionary]
• She takes her inspiration from shells and stones she finds on the seashore.
• Ela se inspira em conchas e pedras que encontra à beira-mar.

(C) coast

• The coast is the border between the land and the sea, or the part of a country that is next to the sea. [Collins dictionary]
• We stayed in a small village on the west coast of Scotland.
• Ficamos em uma pequena vila na costa oeste da Escócia.

(D) beach

• A beach is an area along the edge of a sea, lake, or wide river that is covered with sand or small stones. You can relax or play on a beach, or use it as a place to swim from.
• He walked along the beach.
• Ele caminhou pela praia.

(E) seaside

• You can refer to an area that is close to the sea, especially one where people go for their holidays, as the seaside.  [Collins dictionary]
• I went to spend a few days at the seaside.
• Fui passar alguns dias no litoral.

12 – (EFOMM-PS-2006-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

• "You can't possibly invite guests to the reception and expect them to pay for food and drinks themselves. It's ____________".

(A) a thing of the past.
(B) a near thing.
(C) sure thing.
(D) not quite the thing.
(E) just the thing.

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

13 – (EFOMM-PS-2006-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

• "The man jumped _______ the horse and went away".

(A) of
(B) under
(C) out of
(D) into
(E) onto

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    E  

TÓPICO - SET PHRASES (FRASES/EXPRESSÕES FIXAS) REGIDAS COM PREPOSIÇÕES FIXAS :

"The man jumped onto the horse and went away".

O homem pulou no cavalo e foi embora,

(A) of

• TO JUMP OF (Não encontrado nos principais dicionários).
• TO JUMP OFF (1) = Saltar ou pular de algo.
• >> The kids jumped off the platform and landed in the foam pit.
• As crianças pularam da plataforma e caíram no poço de espuma.
• TO JUMP OFF (2) = Iniciar, começar.
• >> When does this party jump off? Am I early?
• Quando essa festa começa? Estou adiantado?

(B) under

• TO JUMP UNDER (Não encontrado nos principais dicionários).

(C) out of

• TO JUMP OUT OF = Sair ou emergir de algo muito rápido ou abruptamente.
• >> I jumped out of the shower and ran to answer the telephone.
• Saí do chuveiro e corri para atender o telefone.
  
• >> Everyone jumped out of the pool when hailstones started falling down on top of them.
• Todos pularam da piscina quando granizo começou a cair em cima deles.
• >> Security footage shows the defendant jumping out of the car and attacking the plaintiff.
• Imagens de segurança mostram o réu saltando do carro e atacando o autor.

(D) into

• to jump into = to leap = pular, saltar. 
• >> to jump into the air - pular(saltar) no ar.

(E) onto

• TO JUMP OVER/ACROSS/ONTO SOMETHING - SALTAR SOBRE / EM ALGO. [Longman Dictionary]
• He jumped over the wall and ran off.
• Ele pulou o muro e fugiu.

14 – (EFOMM-PS-2006-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

• "We've had such a busy day! At least twelve people called. Oh, _____ the way, there's a message here for you from your cousin".

(A) over
(B) in
(C) by
(D) on
(E) into

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICO - EXPRESSÃO IDIOMÁTICA "BY THE WAY" - You say "by the way" when you add something to what you are saying, especially something that you have just thought of.   :

"We've had such a busy day! At least twelve people called. Oh, by the way, there's a message here for you from your cousin".

"Tivemos um dia muito agitado! Pelo menos doze pessoas ligaram. Ah, a propósito, tem uma mensagem aqui para você do seu primo".

(A) over
(B) in
(C) by
(D) on
(E) into

15 – (EFOMM-PS-2006-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

• "I made seven different plans for my vacation, however _______ the end I went to the Bahamas again".

(A) to
(B) by
(C) with
(D) in
(E) at

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICO - EXPRESSÃO IDIOMÁTICA "IN THE END" = after considering everything:

"I made seven different plans for my vacation, however in the end I went to the Bahamas again".

“Fiz sete planos diferentes para as minhas férias, mas no final fui para as Bahamas novamente”.

(A) to
(B) by
(C) with
(D) in
(E) at

https://twitter.com/InglaLondon

16 – (EFOMM-PS-2006-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

• "There is nothing illegal about my business dealings. Everything is strictly ______  board”.

(A) on
(B) above
(C) by the
(D) over
(E) onto

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICO - PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE "ON BOARD":

"There is nothing illegal about my business dealings. Everything is strictly on board”.

“Não há nada de ilegal em meus negócios. Tudo está estritamente de acordo”.

(A) on
(B) above
(C) by the
(D) over
(E) onto

17 – (EFOMM-PS-2006-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

In:

• "The invention of the automobile in several ways”,

the passive voice is:

(A) “American life is being changed in several ways”.
(B) “American life was being changed in several ways”.
(C) “American life is changed in several ways”.
(D) “American life has been changed in several ways”.
(E) “American life would be changed in several ways”.

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

In: "The invention of the automobile in several ways”, the passive voice is:

(A) “American life is being changed in several ways”.
(B) “American life was being changed in several ways”.
(C) “American life is changed in several ways”.
(D) “American life has been changed in several ways”.
(E) “American life would be changed in several ways”.

18 – (EFOMM-PS-2006-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

• "We were very happy when we reached the _______ of London.”

(A) outrun
(B) outstanding
(C) outsider
(D) outskirts
(E) outwit

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

"We were very happy when we reached the outskirts of London.”

“Ficamos muito felizes quando chegamos aos arredores de Londres.”

(A) outrun
(B) outstanding
(C) outsider
(D) outskirts (subúrbios, cercanias, arredores)

(E) outwit

19 – (EFOMM-PS-2006-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

The word since can be used to appropriately fill in the blank of which sentence below?

(A) “I am studying here ______ 2004.”
(B) “She has slept ______ two hours.”
(C) “They had been staying at the hotel ______ many days before they decided to move to an apartment.”
(D) “Bob has worked at that big company ______ he moved to Washington.”
(E) “Carol lives in Boston ______ she was born.”

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

20 – (EFOMM-PS-2006-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

• Lucy: “- Has Betty finished writing that letter?”
• Tom: “- No, and she ___________ three hours ago”.

(A) should had finished
(B) should have finished
(C) should to finished
(D) should finished
(E) should finish

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

EFOMM PS 2005 – LÍNGUA INGLESA – ESCOLA DE FORMAÇÃO DE OFICIAIS DA MARINHA MERCANTE

CADERNO DE PROVA

GABARITO OFICIAL DEFINITIVO

• Texto – | The long and winding road | The Beatles |
• 25 Multiple Choice Questions / 5 Options Each Question.

❑ TEXTO: Questions 01 to 05 will be based on part of the lyrics of a song by "The Beatles":

❑ SIGNIFICADO & TRADUÇÃO:

• A canção 'The Long And Winding Road', é frequentemente interpretada como uma metáfora para os desafios e as dificuldades enfrentadas na vida, bem como a persistência e a esperança de alcançar um objetivo ou reencontrar um amor perdido. A estrada longa e sinuosa é uma imagem poderosa que evoca a ideia de uma jornada cheia de altos e baixos, mas que, apesar de tudo, continua a atrair o viajante de volta ao seu destino final, que é a porta da pessoa amada.

** The long and winding road – The Beatles**

**A longa e sinuosa estrada - The Beatles**

1- The long and winding road

A longa e sinuosa estrada

2- That leads to your door

Que leva à tua porta
3- Will never disappear

Nunca vai desaparecer
4- I’ve seen that road before ...

Eu já vi essa estrada antes ...
5- The wild and windy night

A noite selvagem e ventosa
6- That the rain washed away,

Que a chuva lavou,
7- Has left a pool of tears,

Deixou uma poça de lágrimas,
8- Crying for the day ...

Chorando pelo dia ...
9- Don’t let me standing here

Não me deixes aqui parado
10- Lead me to your door

Leva-me à tua porta

01 – In verse 5, it is clear that, in that specific night, the weather was

(A) calm.
(B) foggy.
(C) windless.
(D) stormy.
(E) very good.

•    Gabarito D  

In verse 5, it is clear that, in that specific night, the weather was

No verso 5, fica claro que, naquela noite específica, o tempo estava

(A) calm. – calma.
(B) foggy. – nebuloso, nublado.
(C) windless. – sem vento.
(D) stormy. – tempestuosa.

(E) very good. – muito boa.

• The wild and windy night.
• A noite selvagem e ventosa.

➽ OUTROS EXEMPLOS:

• The sky was dark and stormy.
• O céu estava escuro e tempestuoso.
• A stormy winter night.
• Uma noite tempestuosa de inverno.
• It was a windy night.
• Foi uma noite de muito vento.
• A windy day.
• Um dia ventoso.

02 – In verse 6, the verb tense attributed to the rain means

(A) an action that was partially successful.

(B) an action that was never fulfilled.
(C) that the rain could not remove it completely.
(D) an action that was a complete success.
(E) that the rain was a light one.

•    Gabarito D  

• That the rain washed away,
• Que a chuva levou,

No versículo 6, o tempo verbal atribuído à chuva significa

(A) an action that was partially successful.

uma ação que foi parcialmente bem sucedida.
(B) an action that was never fulfilled.

uma ação que nunca foi realizada.
(C) that the rain could not remove it completely.

que a chuva não conseguiu removê-lo completamente.
(D) an action that was a complete success.

uma ação que foi um sucesso total.
(E) that the rain was a light one.

que a chuva estava fraca.

03 – In verse 5, the adjective windy means

(A) full of water.
(B) full of currents of air.
(C) illuminated fully.
(D) very hot.
(E) very calm.

•    Gabarito B  

• The wild and windy night.
• A noite selvagem e ventosa.

In verse 5, the adjective windy means

(A) full of water.

cheio de água.
(B) full of currents of air. 

cheio de correntes de ar.
(C) illuminated fully.

totalmente iluminado.
(D) very hot.

muito quente.
(E) very calm.

muito calmo.

04 – In verse 1 the adjective winding means

(A) short and narrow.
(B) abrupt and dirty.
(C) with bends and turns.
(D) full of wind.
(E) wide and straight.

•    Gabarito C  

The long and winding road

A longa e sinuosa estrada

No verso 1, o adjetivo winding (SINUOSO, TORTUOSO) significa

(A) short and narrow.

curto e estreito.

(B) abrupt and dirty.

 abrupto e sujo.

(C) with bends and turns.

com curvas e voltas.

(D) full of wind.

cheio de vento.

(E) wide and straight.

largo e reto.

>> "WINDING" /ˈwaɪn.dɪŋ/ – sinuoso, tortuoso, em espiral.

The long and winding road. ( The Beatles)

"And all the roads we have to walk are winding" (Wonderwall - Oasis)

05 – In verses 4 and 7 the verb tense is used to express an action that

(A) happened at an indefinite point in the past.
(B) will be a future reality very soon.
(C) will be completed before a future time very soon.
(D) was no doubt limited by two points in the time line, both in the present.
(E) is continuous in the present.

•    Gabarito A  

Nos versos 4 e 7 o tempo verbal é usado para expressar uma ação que

(A) happened at an indefinite point in the past.

aconteceu em um ponto indefinido no passado.

(B) will be a future reality very soon.

será uma realidade futura muito em breve.

(C) will be completed before a future time very soon.

será concluído antes de um tempo futuro, muito em breve.

(D) was no doubt limited by two points in the time line, both in the present.

foi sem dúvida limitado por dois pontos na linha do tempo, ambos no presente.

(E) is continuous in the present.

é contínuo no presente.

❑ QUESTIONS: from 06 to 20 will require that you choose the only option with the correct verb tense.

06 – Oh gosh! I'm fed up with ______ on so many busy streets!

(A) drive

(B) drove
(C) driving
(D) has driving
(E) has driven

•    Gabarito C  

Oh gosh! I'm fed up with driving on so many busy streets!
Oh Deus! Estou farto de dirigir em tantas ruas movimentadas!

(A) drive
(B) drove
(C) driving
(D) has driving
(E) has driven

• Oh gosh! I'm fed up with driving on so many busy streets!
• Oh Deus! Estou farto de dirigir em tantas ruas movimentadas!

➽ OUTROS EXEMPLOS:

• I'm fed up with waiting for her.
Estou farto de esperar por ela.
• I'm fed up with living here.
Estou farto de viver aqui.

➽ FED UP WITH: Farto de algo ou de alguém.

• I'm fed up with my job.
• Estou farto do meu trabalho.

07 – Martha recommended that her son _____ appropriately.

(A) would have behaved
(B) behaves
(C) behave
(D) had behaved
(E) has behaved

•    Gabarito C  

(A) would have behaved
(B) behaves
(C) behave
(D) had behaved
(E) has behaved

>> RECOMMENDED THAT + Base Form (to suggest that someone should do a specific action):

• Martha recommended that her son behave appropriately.
• Martha recomendou que seu filho se comportasse adequadamente.

>> PADRÃO GRAMATICAL:

RECOMENDED THAT SOMEONE DO SOMETHING.

• I recommended that he go on a diet.
• Recomendei que ele fizesse uma dieta.
• I recommended that she speak to a lawyer.
• Recomendei que ela falasse com um advogado.
• It is recommended that you protect yourself against malaria.
• Recomenda-se que se proteja contra a malária.
• I recommended that she come.
• Eu recomendei que ela viesse.

➽DICAS:

08 – Susie was watching TV when her husband _________.

(A) arrived
(B) had arrived
(C) was going to arrive
(D) has arrived
(E) would arrive

•    Gabarito A  

(A) arrived
(B) had arrived
(C) was going to arrive
(D) has arrived
(E) would arrive

>> TÓPICO: PAST CONTINUOUS + PAST SIMPLE.

• Susie was watching TV when her husband arrived.
• Susie estava assistindo TV quando o marido chegou.

09 – So far the President __________.

(A) has not been elected

(B) will never be elected
(C) would be elected soon
(D) had been elected
(E) would have been elected

•    Gabarito A  

GRAMMAR: PRESENT PERFECT IN PASSIVE VOICE:

(A) has not been elected

não foi eleito

(B) will never be elected

nunca será eleito

(C) would be elected soon

seria eleito em breve

(D) had been elected

havia sido eleito

(E) would have been elected

teria sido eleito

• So far the President has not been elected.
• Até agora o presidente não foi eleito.

10 – If my boss had not phoned the police on the spot, the thief _____________.

(A) would get away with it
(B) got away with it
(C) should got away with it
(D) would have gotten away with it
(E) has gotten away with it

•    Gabarito D  

(A) would get away with it
(B) got away with it
(C) should got away with it
(D) would have gotten away with it
(E) has gotten away with it

>> TÓPICO - 3rd CONDITIONAL:

• If my boss had not phoned the police on the spot, the thief would have gotten away with it.
• Se meu chefe não tivesse telefonado para a polícia imediatamente, o ladrão teria escapado impune.
• If-clause (had not phoned)  >> Main Clause (would have gotten away).
• If-clause (Past Perfect) >> Main Clause (would have + Past Participle)

11 – Choose the best answer to complete the sentence.

• The widow shot ______ by accident.

(A) yourself
(B) himself
(C) istself
(D) herself
(E) myself

•    Gabarito D  

(A) yourself
(B) himself
(C) istself
(D) herself
(E) myself

• 'The widow shot herself by accident.'
• A viúva se matou com um tiro por acidente.

12 – Mark the sentence which must be completed with 'on' and 'in' , in the same sequence.

(A) 'I was talking __ the phone when I heard a knock __ the door.'
(B) The boy got a bike __ his birthday, and is now keeping it __ his relative's garage.
(C) The Smith family lives __ the countryside, __ a very cozy farm house.
(D) Bob was invited to speak __ the conference __ behalf of the company's president.
(E) Several workers decided to go __ strike __ the same day their boss announced his bankruptcy.

•    Gabarito B  

Mark the sentence which must be completed with 'on' and 'in' , in the same sequence.

(A) 'I was talking on the phone when I heard a knock on the door.'

>> "TALK ON A PHONE" (Collocation).

>> "KNOCK ON THE DOOR" (Collocation).

(B) The boy got a bike on his birthday, and is now keeping it in his relative's garage.

>> "ON HIS  BIRTHDAY" (Collocation) - means on the day that a specific person was born. The word "on" is used to indicate a specific date. 

>> "IN THE GARAGE" (Collocation).

(C) The Smith family lives in the countryside, in a very cozy farm house.

>> "LIVE IN THE COUNTRYSIDE" (Collocation) - means living in a rural area, or a geographic area outside of towns and cities.

>> "IN A FARMHOUSE" (Collocation) - means living in a building on agricultural land. Farmhouses are built to house and protect the people who work or own the farm. 

(D) Bob was invited to speak in the conference in behalf of the company's president.

>> "IN THE CONFERENCE" (Collocation) - means in a meeting; engaged in discussions.

>> "IN BEHALF OF" (Collocation) - means "as a representative of", "as a spokesperson for".

(E) Several workers decided to go on strike on the same day their boss announced his bankruptcy.

>> "GO ON STRIKE" (Phrasal Verb) - means to stop working in protest of an employer's actions. It can also mean to refuse to continue working. 

>> "ON THE SAME DAY" (Collocation).

13 – Remarking has to do with __________.

(A) seeing
(B) saying
(C) thinking
(D) singing
(E) cheating

•    Gabarito B  

(A) seeing ver

(B) saying dizer
(C) thinking pensar
(D) singing cantar
(E) cheating trair

• Remarking has to do with saying.
• Comentar tem a ver com dizer. 

>> "REMARK" means something that you say, giving your opinion about something or stating a fact.

14 – In the sentence:

• You may be wrong, but you may be right.,

May means.

(A) permission
(B) ability
(C) deduction
(D) obligation
(E) possibility

•    Gabarito E  

You may be wrong, but you may be right.

Você pode estar errado, mas pode estar certo.

(A) permission permissão
(B) ability habilidade 

(C) deduction dedução
(D) obligation obrigação
(E) possibility possibilidade

15 – Choose the only option with the correct preposition.

• What ___ earth are you doing here so early in the morning?

(A) under
(B) on
(C) in
(D) at
(E) behind

•    Gabarito B  

(A) under

(B) on
(C) in
(D) at
(E) behind

• What on earth are you doing here so early in the morning?
• Mas que raios estás aqui fazendo tão cedo?
• "ON" é parte integrante da expressão idiomática "what on earth".

16 – All our words can be classified into different categories which we call parts of speech. Identify the parts of speech of the words in italics.

• 1) That's no help at all.
• 2) The pot boiled over after a while.
• 3) No one but John left.
• 4) John suffers from pneumoconiosis.
• 5) The family moved to greener pastures.

(A) noun – adverb – conjunction – noun – noun

(B) noun – adverb – preposition – noun - adjective
(C) noun – preposition – preposition – noun –adjective
(D) verb – preposition – conjunction- noun – adjective
(E) verb – preposition – conjunction – adjective – noun

•    Gabarito B  

1) That's no help at all.

Isso não ajuda.

(HELP funciona como um NOUN)

2) The pot boiled over after a while.

O pote ferveu após um tempo.

(OVER funciona como um ADVÉRBIO pois é parte integrante do phrasal veb "to boil over")

- REMEMBER: Qualquer preposição, quando faz parte de um phrasal verb, funciona como advérbio.

3) No one but John left.

Ninguém saiu exceto John.

- No contexto, “BUT” não é conjunção adversária. “BUT” funciona como uma preposição EXCEPT / MINUS (exceto / menos).

4) John suffers from pneumoconiosis.

John sofre de pneumoconiose.

("pneumoconiosis" is noun.)

5) The family moved to greener pastures.

A família mudou-se para pastagens mais verdes.("greener" é um ADJECTIVE)

17 – Choose the only option with the correct preposition.

• Getting ____ early in the morning is good to health providing you sleep well.

(A) up
(B) on
(C) in
(D) under
(E) away

•    Gabarito A  

(A) up
(B) on
(C) in
(D) under
(E) away

• Getting up early in the morning is good to health providing you sleep well.
• Acordar cedo faz bem à saúde, desde que você durma bem.
• "UP" é parte integrante do phrasal verb "get up".

18 – Choose the only option with the correct preposition.

• Watch ____ for those loose bricks!

(A) at
(B) in
(C) out
(D) after
(E) away

•    Gabarito C  

(A) at
(B) in
(C) out
(D) after
(E) away

• Watch out for those loose bricks!
• Cuidado com os tijolos soltos!
• "OUT" é parte integrante do phrasal verb "watch out".

19 – Choose the alternative that best completes the dialog below.

Tom: 'Do you always get good marks on ____ examinations ?'
John: 'Yes, I do. I guess it's because I do____homework assignments and study a little every day.'

Tom: 'How about Anne ? Are____grades good too ?'
John: 'Yes, She's very smart and enjoys studying hard.'

(A) your – mine – hers
(B) your – me – yours
(C) yours – mine – your
(D) your – my – her
(E) your – my – hers

•    Gabarito D  

(A) your – mine – hers
(B) your – me – yours
(C) yours – mine – your
(D) your – my – her
(E) your – my – hers

• Tom
•  'Do you always get good marks on your examinations ?'
• John:
• 'Yes, I do. I guess it's because I do my homework assignments and study a little every day.'
• Tom:
• 'How about Anne ? Are her grades good too ?'
• John:
• 'Yes, She's very smart and enjoys studying hard.'