FUNDEP — 2016 — PMU/MG — PROFESSOR— CONCURSO PÚBLICO — PREFEITURA MUNICIPAL DE UBERABA/MG — PROVA COM GABARITO.

Welcome back to another post!

➧ NESTE POST: PROVA de INGLÊS da FUNDEP-2016-PREFEITURA MUNICIPAL DE UBERABA-PROFESSOR, APLICADA EM 23/01/2016.

➧ COMPOSIÇÃO DA PROVA:  15 (Quinze) questões do tipo (A,B,C,D).

➧ GABARITO:

01-A, 02-B, 03-D, 04-A, 05-C

06-D, 07-B, 08-B, 09-B, 10-D

11-C, 12-A, 13-A, 14-B, 15-C

➧ PROVA:

➧ TEXT I: Read the following text carefully and then answer questions 01 to 08.

Why learn a foreign language?

Benefits of bilingualism 

Learning a foreign language is more than just a boost to your CV or handy for travelling.

By Anne Merritt

(EFL lecturer currently based in South Korea)

Physiological studies have found that speaking two or more languages is a great asset to the cognitive process. The brains of bilingual people operate differently than single language speakers, and these differences offer several mental benefits.

You become smarter

Speaking a foreign language improves the functionality of your brain by challenging it to recognize, negotiate meaning, and communicate in different language systems. This skill boosts your ability to negotiate meaning in other problem-solving tasks as well. Students who study foreign languages tend to score better on standardized tests than their monolingual peers, particularly in the categories of math, reading, and vocabulary.

You build multitasking skills

Multilingual people, especially children, are skilled at switching between two systems of speech, writing, and structure. According to a study from the Pennsylvania State University, this “juggling” skill makes them good multitaskers, because they can easily switch between different structures. In one study, participants used a driving simulator while doing separate, distracting tasks at the same time. The research found that people who spoke more than one language made fewer errors in their driving.

You stave off Alzheimer’s and dementia

For monolingual adults, the mean age for the first signs of dementia is 71.4. For adults who speak two or more languages, the mean age for those first signs is 75.5. Studies considered factors such as education level, income level, gender, and physical health, but the results were consistent. 

Your memory improves

Educators often liken the brain to a muscle, because it functions better with exercise. Learning a language involves memorizing rules and vocabulary, which helps strengthen that mental “muscle.” This exercise improves overall memory, which means that multiple language speakers are better at remembering lists or sequences. Studies show that bilinguals are better at retaining shopping lists, names, and directions. 

Your decision-making skills improve

According to a study from the University of Chicago, bilinguals tend to make more rational decisions. Any language contains nuance and subtle implications in its vocabulary, and these biases can subconsciously influence your judgment. Bilinguals are more confident with their choices after thinking it over in the second language and seeing whether their initial conclusions still stand up.

Available on: <http://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/

educationopinion/10126883/Why-learn-a-foreign-languageBenefits-of-bilingualism.html> (Edited).

01 – (FUNDEP-2016-PMU/MG-PROFESSOR)

According to the text, learning a foreign language offers all the following benefits, EXCEPT:

A) It improves reading and math skills much more than increases vocabulary.

B) Learning another language helps memorizing shopping lists or sequences.

C) Bilingual people tend to make decisions rationally and they are more confident.

D) Multilingual people are not as easily distracted as monolingual people.

02 – (FUNDEP-2016-PMU/MG-PROFESSOR)

According to the text, speaking a foreign language affects how your brain works.

This happens because

A) it makes you live longer than people who only speak one language.

B) the brain is challenged to negotiate meaning in a different language system.

C) learning a second language can transform your brain into muscle tissue.

D) multilingual people develop new abilities such as better driving skills.

03 – (FUNDEP-2016-PMU/MG-PROFESSOR)

What does the author define as a “juggling” skill?

A) The capacity of making fewer errors when writing and reading.

B) The capacity of driving in a simulator while doing many tasks.

C) The capacity of thinking in two languages at the same time. D) The capacity of easily switching between language systems.

04 – (FUNDEP-2016-PMU/MG-PROFESSOR)

According to the text, if you are a multilingual adult you are more likely to

A) postpone Alzheimer’s.

B) avoid getting dementia.

C) live longer and happier.

D) have a better education.

05 – (FUNDEP-2016-PMU/MG-PROFESSOR)

Learning a foreign language has an impact on memory.

This means that a bilingual person is usually good at

A) making decisions subconsciously.

B) creating her own rules and vocabulary.

C) remembering lists and directions.

D) memorizing exercises for the brain.

06 – (FUNDEP-2016-PMU/MG-PROFESSOR)

Read this sentence from the text and analyze its structure.

“The research found that people who spoke more than one language made fewer errors in their driving.”

This sentence presents an example of a possessive determiner. In general, determiners can assume the form of a pronoun.

In this case, the possessive determiner “their” would have the following form as a possessive pronoun:

A) these.

B) they.

C) them.

D) theirs.

07 – (FUNDEP-2016-PMU/MG-PROFESSOR)

Read this phrase from the text and analyze its structure.

“You stave off Alzheimer’s and dementia”

The element “stave off” is a phrasal verb and means “to prevent something unpleasant from happening for a period of time”.

“Stave off” could be replaced without change of meaning by all the following phrasal verbs, EXCEPT:

A) fend off

B) blow off

C) hold off

D) ward off

• VÊ RESOLUÇÃO DA QUESTÃO 07.

08 – (FUNDEP-2016-PMU/MG-PROFESSOR)

The present perfect is used to refer to events taking place in a past time-frame that connects with the present. Therefore it can, for instance, be used to refer to events that happened in an unspecified time:

“Physiological studies have found that speaking two or more languages is a great asset to the cognitive process.”

Take into consideration the rules for employing the present perfect tense, then choose the following alternative in which this tense is CORRECTLY used.

 

A) The room has smelt of smoke when we arrived last night. B) I have read that book but I don’t remember much about it. C) She has identified herself when she answered the phone. D) He was mad and has written a letter to the company yesterday.

➧ TEXT II: Read the following text carefully and then answer questions 09 to 15.

What are the origins of the English Language?

The history of English is conventionally, if perhaps too neatly, divided into three periods usually called Old English (or Anglo-Saxon), Middle English, and Modern English. The earliest period begins with the migration of certain Germanic tribes from the continent to Britain in the fifth century A.D., though no records of their language survive from before the seventh century, and it continues until the end of the eleventh century or a bit later. By that time Latin, Old Norse (the language of the Viking invaders), and especially the Anglo-Norman French of the dominant class after the Norman Conquest in 1066 had begun to have a substantial impact on the lexicon, and the well-developed inflectional system that typifies the grammar of Old English had begun to break down.

The period of Middle English extends roughly from the twelfth century through the fifteenth. The influence of French (and Latin, often by way of French) upon the lexicon continued throughout this period, the loss of some inflections and the reduction of others (often to a final unstressed vowel spelled -e) accelerated, and many changes took place within the phonological and grammatical systems of the language.

The period of Modern English extends from the sixteenth century to our own day. The early part of this period saw the completion of a revolution in the phonology of English that had begun in late Middle English and that effectively redistributed the occurrence of the vowel phonemes to something approximating their present pattern.

Other important early developments include the stabilizing effect on spelling of the printing press and the beginning of the direct influence of Latin and, to a lesser extent, Greek on the lexicon. Later, as English came into contact with other cultures around the world and distinctive dialects of English developed in the many areas which Britain had colonized, numerous other languages made small but interesting contributions to our word-stock.

The historical aspect of English really encompasses more than the three stages of development just under consideration. English has what might be called a prehistory as well. As we have seen, our language did not simply spring into existence; it was brought from the Continent by Germanic tribes who had no form of writing and hence left no records. Philologists know that they must have spoken a dialect of a language that can be called West Germanic and that other dialects of this unknown language must have included the ancestors of such languages as German, Dutch, Low German, and Frisian. They know this because of certain systematic similarities which these languages share with each other but do not share with, say, Danish. However, they have had somehow to reconstruct what that language was like in its lexicon, phonology, grammar, and semantics as best they can through sophisticated techniques of comparison developed chiefly during the last century.

Similarly, because ancient and modern languages like Old Norse and Gothic or Icelandic and Norwegian have points in common with Old English and Old High German or Dutch and English that they do not share with French or Russian, it is clear that there was an earlier unrecorded language that can be called simply Germanic and that must be reconstructed in the same way. Still earlier, Germanic was just a dialect (the ancestors of Greek, Latin, and Sanskrit were three other such dialects) of a language conventionally designated Indo-European, and thus English is just one relatively young member of an ancient family of languages whose descendants cover a fair portion of the globe.

Available on: <http://www.merriam-webster.com/help/faq/

history.htm> (Edited).

09 – (FUNDEP-2016-PMU/MG-PROFESSOR)

Analyze what has been stated in the text about the different periods in the history of English.

I. The history of English is usually divided into Old English, Middle English, and Modern English.

II. The Anglo-Saxon period has left no records at all.

III. There were great changes in phonology between the end of Middle English and the beginning of Modern English.

Then consider the following statements and choose the CORRECT alternative.

A) Only I is correct.

B) I and III are correct.

C) II and III are correct.

D) I and II are correct.

10 – (FUNDEP-2016-PMU/MG-PROFESSOR)

The printing press had an important role in the history of English. How did the printing press affect the English language?

A) It allowed the dissemination of books and knowledge.

B) It allowed the imposition of English in British colonies.

C) The printing press helped to spread the influence of Latin.

D) The printing press helped to limit spelling variations.

11 – (FUNDEP-2016-PMU/MG-PROFESSOR)

The history of English language also includes some sort of prehistoric period. All the following alternatives about this period are correct, EXCEPT:

A) Ancient English was brought to British territory by Germanic tribes.

B) English probably shares a common ancestor with German and Dutch.

C) Ancient English shares certain systematic similarities with Danish.

D) There are no records from the language spoken by Germanic tribes.

12 – (FUNDEP-2016-PMU/MG-PROFESSOR)

According to the text, there was an earlier unrecorded language called simply Germanic. Which fact from the text supports this claim?

A) The fact that ancient and modern languages share similarities with English, for example, but not with French.

B) The fact that Old Norse and Gothic are very similar to Old English, Old High German, and Russian.

C) The fact that late Germanic was just a dialect along with the ancestors of Greek, Latin, and Sanskrit.

D) The fact that the existence of a language conventionally designated Indo-European has been proved.

13 – (FUNDEP-2016-PMU/MG-PROFESSOR)

Read the following sentence from the text.

“The history of English is conventionally, if perhaps too neatly, divided into three periods usually called Old English (or Anglo-Saxon), Middle English, and Modern English.”

Adverbs can be used in different positions in a sentence. For example, adjuncts of indefinite frequency such as “usually” most typically occupy mid position when they take the form of adverb phrases.

Choose the following alternative which presents an adverb of indefinite frequency being used in its most typical position.

A) They sometimes ask about your project.

B) I remember always to do my homework.

C) She died peacefully in Hartley on Sunday.

D) A few workers angrily protested yesterday.

14 – (FUNDEP-2016-PMU/MG-PROFESSOR)

Prepositions express a relation in time between two events or a relation in space between two (or more) things or people. They can also express a variety of abstract relations.

Read this sentence from the text.

“The earliest period begins with the migration of certain Germanic tribes from the continent to Britain in the fifth century A.D. [...]”

“From” is one of the most common prepositions in English and it was used in this example to indicate the starting point in a movement.

Choose the following alternative in which the preposition “from” is being used to express the same idea as in the example above.

A) I am originally from the United States of America.

B) We walked from the airport to the Eagle Mountain.

C) The new shop is open from Tuesdays to Saturdays.

D) From the Senator, I give you best wishes for success.

15 – (FUNDEP-2016-PMU/MG-PROFESSOR)

Read this sentence from the text.

“Later, as English came into contact with other cultures around the world and distinctive dialects of English developed in the many areas which Britain had colonized, numerous other languages made small but interesting contributions to our word-stock.”

The word “word-stock” could be replaced without change of meaning by

A) grammar.

B) history.

C) vocabulary.

D) literature.

MACKENZIE – 2013/2 – VESTIBULAR – 2º SEMESTRE – UNIVERSIDADE PRESBITERIANA MACKENZIE/SP – PROVA COM GABARITO.

Welcome back to another post!

➧ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: MACKENZIE-2013/2-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE-14/06/2013.

➧ TEXT I: The following text refers to questions 01 and 02.

The first Jesuit pope. The first from Latin America.

(Enrique Marcarian/Reuters)

Behind the Meaning of the Pope's Names

The new pope’s choice of ‘Francis’ hints at the direction of his reign.

Enter Pope Francis. The first Jesuit pope. The first from Latin America. It is, indeed, a historic moment for the papacy. Those who waited for a leader from the new Catholic world will no doubt be __( I )__ by the choice, but his new status as the leader of a global church requires a different persona and a new mode of action. The new pope speaks not only for Argentina, Latin America, and the Jesuits, but also for the entire Roman Catholic world.

          

It is precisely for this reason that cardinals shed their names along with their brightly __( II )__  vestments. Historically, the tradition of selecting a new papal name dates back to the sixth century, when Pope John II swapped his awkwardly __( III )__  name Mercurius for the solidly Christian John. At the same time the selection of religious names is more than an opportunity to symbolically cast aside individual identity. Papal names chart a course for the future by summoning up the past. The new pope assumes either the mantle of religious heroes and leaders from days gone by or the virtues of the Innocents and the Piuses. The selection of the name both forges a new identity and signals how the pope wishes to be seen and remembered. It is, in essence, not only the answer to the 

 __( IV )__  question “Who do you want to be when you grow up?” but also a way of preemptively writing one’s own reviews.
         
Traditionally popes have been __( V )__  of reaching too high, of appearing too self-congratulatory. The office of the pope is built, literally and metaphorically, on the legacy of St. Peter, the apostle of Christ, whose remains lie beneath the papal seat in the Vatican. But there has been no 
Pope Peter II. Thus far, no pope has had the audacity to present himself as standing in continuity with the favored disciple of Jesus. Nor would Pope Francis have been able to select the name of the founder of his own order. A Pope Ignatius — after Jesuit founder Ignatius of Loyola — would have appeared self-serving.
          
At first blush, Pope Francis’s selection of a previously __( VI )__  papal name — he is no 23rd anything — marks a break with the past and augurs well for those looking for a move away from deeply entrenched institutionalism. The new pope symbolically clears the deck for a new period of Catholic history. For a church desperately in need of an administrative makeover, it creates a nominally blank slate for the pale-garbed pontiff.

01 – (MACKENZIE/SP-2013/2-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

The article clearly states that

a) the name of the new pope was chosen taking into consideration the fact that he is a Jesuit and a Christian from the new Catholic Church.
b) religious heroes have been more and more common in Latin America, and since Pope Peter II no other pope has been encouraged to use unusual names.
c) popes have never wanted to look down on people. On the contrary, they have always served as apostles of Christ and have been able to reach high posts in the Vatican.
d) Pope Ignatius would never have chosen a different name due to his intentions of breaking with the past and of cleaning up the name of the Catholic Church in the modern world.
e) the new pope has been praised for having chosen a brand new name, which has never been adopted before in the history of the Catholic Church and which will likely bring high hopes of future changes in the same Church.

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

02 – (MACKENZIE/SP-2013/2-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

The adjectives that properly fill in blanks I, II, III, IV, V and VI, in the text, are

a) thrilled / colored / pagan / classic / wary / unused b) surprised / reddish / foreign / topic / determined / famous c) shocked / sophisticated / international / grammatical / responsible / gorgeous
d) unusual / light / dubious / vocabulary / accused / brilliant
e) intrigued / funny / unheard / structure / encouraged / innovative

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

➧ TEXT II: The following text refers to questions 03 and 04.

Django Unchained review:

A truly wild Western with a killer line-up

Review of Oscar-nominated film by Sunday Mirror film critic Mark Adam.

SONY PICTURES
THE STARS
Jamie Foxx, Christoph Waltz, Leonardo DiCaprio, Samuel L  Jackson, Walton Goggins, Kerry Washington.
THE STORY
          

Two years before the start of the Civil War, the unlikely partnership of German bounty hunter Dr King Schultz (Waltz) and Django (Foxx) – the slave he recently freed – set about making money tracking and killing outlaws.
          

But Django also has plans to rescue his wife Broomhilda (Washington) from charismatic but cruel Mississippi plantation owner Calvin Candie (DiCaprio). 
THE VERDICT
          

When Quentin Tarantino decides to make a Western, you know it’s going to be epic, violent, funny, exciting and challenging. And this wonderfully irreverent and distinctively bloody take on the wild Wild West hits the spot, brimming with delightfully oddball characters and racy style.
          

This is obviously not your run-of-the-mill cowboy tale. Instead, Tarantino flies close to controversy by setting his story against the violent and brutal backdrop of the slave trade.
          

As usual his casting is spot on. Waltz (who won an Oscar for his evil Nazi role in Tarantino’s last film Inglourious Basterds) is smooth perfection as a German dentist/bounty hunter and is wonderfully complemented by Jamie Foxx’s steely-eyed former slave.
          

The early bonding scenes of them tracking redneck villains (Django relishes the fact he can make money killing “white folk”) are amusingly and snappily shot.
          

Initially, Tarantino pokes fun at the rampant and casual racism of the period – hilariously so in a scene involving a Ku Klux Klan mob complaining about eye holes in their hoods??– but things turn nastier when Schultz and Django attempt to rescue Broomhilda.
          

Leonardo DiCaprio has a fine old time as the brutal Candie and absolutely oozes slippery cruelty. But he manages to be out-acted by Tarantino regular Samuel L Jackson, playing an elderly slave and close confidant of Candie who is as menacing and controlling as his supposed master.

03 – (MACKENZIE/SP-2013/2-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE) According to the movie review,

a) Quentin Tarantino’s favorite kind of movie is western, specially the epic ones, where challenge and excitement outstand.
b) the cast on a Tarantino movie is normally exactly right.
c) as far as Django is concerned, killing white people is not his business, and neither does he appreciate it. d) the scene of the Ku Klux Klan mob complaining is a clear example of racism against the black and the German citizens.
e) except for Jamie Foxx, no other actor in the movie does a better job than Leonardo DeCaprio.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

04 – (MACKENZIE/SP-2013/2-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE) The meanings of  the words

• “bounty hunter”, “run-of-the-mill” and “redneck”

in the text are, respectively,

a) a person or animal that seeks out and kills or captures other people or animals; lacking moral sensibility; characterized by, feeling, or showing sympathy or understanding.
b) one who travels throughout the country in search of money stolen from him/ her; a fugitive; someone who is regularly wearing a hat as protection from the sun.
c) a person with an antisocial personality disorder, manifested in criminal or amoral behavior; pleasing or distinctive; a variable color that lies beyond red in the spectrum.
d) one who pursues a criminal or fugitive for whom a reward is offered; not special or outstanding; a poor uneducated white farm worker.
e) an officer of a county or an administrative region, charged mainly with judicial duties; causing repugnance or aversion, disgusting; a person serving as an agent for another by carrying out specified orders or functions.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

➧ TEXT II: The following text refers to questions 05 and 06.
DILBERT


05 – (MACKENZIE/SP-2013/2-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE) According to the cartoon,

a) the passenger should have turned on his laptop computer during the flight.
b) “Excel” could surely have been used to prevent the plane from falling down.
c) the plane control is usually transferred to the passengers when something goes wrong.
d) had the passenger turned on his laptop computer during takeoff, nothing would have happened.
e) if the plane had already landed, the passenger’s computer would have been turned on by him already.

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

(A) the passenger should have turned on his laptop computer during the flight.

o passageiro deveria ter ligado o seu computador portátil durante o voo.
(B) “Excel” could surely have been used to prevent the plane from falling down.

“Excel” poderia certamente ter sido utilizado para evitar que o avião se despenhasse.
(C) the plane control is usually transferred to the passengers when something goes wrong.

o controle do avião é geralmente transferido para os passageiros quando algo corre mal.
(D) had the passenger turned on his laptop computer during takeoff, nothing would have happened.

se o passageiro tivesse ligado o seu computador portátil durante a descolagem, nada teria acontecido.
(E) if the plane had already landed, the passenger’s computer would have been turned on by him already.

se o avião já tivesse aterrado, o computador do passageiro já teria sido ligado por ele.

>> TRECHO QUE JUSTIFICA A RESPOSTA:

• Off?!! How would they transfer control to you if they had trouble.
• Desligado?!! Como é que eles (tripulação) transfeririam o controle (do avião) para você se tivessem problemas?

>> TRADUÇÃO DA TIRINHA:

• FUNCIONÁRIO:
• Have a nice flight. Remember to turn on your laptop computer during takeoff.
• Tenha um bom voo. Lembre-se de ligar o seu laptop durante a decolagem.
• PASSAGEIRO:
• I thought they tell you to turn it off.
• Pensei que lhe tivessem dito para desligar.
• FUNCIONÁRIO:
• Off?!! How would they transfer control to you if they had trouble.
• Desligado?!! Como é que eles (tripulação) transfeririam o controle (do avião) para você se tivessem problemas?
• PILOTO:
• Turn off that !#% laptop!
• Desligue esse !#% laptop!
• PASSAGEIRO:
• No way! I have to land this baby! ... Can I do that in "Excel"?
• Não é possível! Eu tenho que pousar este bebê! ... Posso fazer isso no "Excel"?

06 – (MACKENZIE/SP-2013/2-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE) The sentence

• "How would they transfer control to you if they had trouble?”

in the third conditional form would be:

a) How would they transfer control to you if they had had trouble?
b) How would have they transferred control to you if they had trouble?
c) How would they have been transferred control to you if they had trouble?
d) How would have they transferred control to you if they had been troubled?
e) How would they have transferred control to you if they had had trouble?

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  
TÓPICOS - THIRD CONDITIONAL:

• "How would they transfer control to you if they had trouble?”

in the third conditional form would be:

a) How would they transfer control to you if they had had trouble?
b) How would have they transferred control to you if they had trouble?
c) How would they have been transferred control to you if they had trouble?
d) How would have they transferred control to you if they had been troubled?
e) How would they have transferred control to you if they had had trouble?

>> ESTRUTURA GRAMATICAL (Third Conditional)

• [IF + "Past Participle"] + [WOULD HAVE + "Past Participle"].
• [WOULD HAVE + "Past Participle"] +  [IF + "Past Participle"].

07 – (MACKENZIE/SP-2013/2-VESTIBULAR-2º SEMESTRE)

• "__(I)__ you know who you are, and what you want, __(II)__ you let things upset you.”

>> Bob Harris, “Lost in Translation”

The best way to complete the blanks I and II in the text is

a) Much more / much less
b) Moreover / lesser

c) The more / the less
d) However / forever and ever
e) As much as / the least

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

MACKENZIE – 2014 – VESTIBULAR – 1º SEMESTRE - GRUPOS (I - IV - V - VI) – UNIVERSIDADE PRESBITERIANA MACKENZIE/SP – PROVA COM GABARITO.

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: MACKENZIE-2014-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE-Grupos (I - IV - V - VI)-APLICAÇÃO 09/12/2013.

www.mackenzie.br

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

➭ 07 Multiple Choice Questions / 5 Options Each Question.

➭ Text (1) – | LONDON IN YOUR POCKET | www.speakup.com.br |

➭ Text (2) – | ASK THE ETHICIST | www.speakup.com.br |

➭ Text (3) – | Message | www.facebook.com |

➭ Text (4) – | Picture | www.pinterest.com | 

❑ PROVA:

❑ TEXTO 1: The following text refers to questions 12 and 13.

LONDON IN YOUR POCKET

        
Smartphone applications are transforming the tourism experience. The latest development is called Streetmuseum, or "the museum in your pocket." It can be downloaded __( I )__ any Iphone or Android tablet and it enables you to explore the streets of London, both past and present.
        
Streetmuseum unites 200 images __( II )__ the Museum of London collection with actual locations __( III )__ the capital. It uses the smartphone's geo-tagging facility: as you walk the streets of London, satellite technology will give the phone’s "geoposition." The phone will produce an image of that place in the past and you can compare this with what you see there today. So far the app has been downloaded by __( IV )__ 150,000 people around the world.

SKYLINE

        
The collection shows how much the London skyline has changed __(V)__ recent decades. Until 1962 St Paul's Cathedral (which was completed in 1710 and is 110 metres high) was London’s tallest building. Today that honour goes to “One Canada Square,” the Canary Wharf Tower in the Docklands. It is 230 metres high, but it will soon be overtaken 
 __( VI )__ the 87-storey tower “Shard London Bridge,” which will be 310 metres high. Designed by architect Renzo Piano, it should be completed in May.

By Linda Ligios www.speakup.com.br
👉 Questão  12 
The prepositions that properly fill in blanks I, II, III, IV , V and VI, in the text, are
a) in / of / around / more / on / in
b) for / from / in / than / on / by
c) for / all around / through / about / about / for
d) on / from / across / over / in / by
e) out of / of / in / around / over / from

👍 Gabarito   D 

LOJA

👉 Questão  13 
According to the text,
a) streetmuseum can show you what London used to look like.
b) the pictures shown in Streetmuseum can be downloaded on any IPhone or Android tablet.
c) the London skyline today is made up with the tallest buildings in the world.
d) the Canary Wharf Tower  has been overtaken by the Shard London Bridge regarding their height.
e) satellite technology has been used by more than 150,000 people in recent decades.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   A 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
De acordo com o texto,
*Alternativa (A): streetmuseum pode mostrar como Londres costumava parecer.
*Alternativa (B): as imagens mostradas no Streetmuseum podem ser baixadas em qualquer tablet IPhone ou Android.
*Alternativa (C): o horizonte de Londres hoje é composto pelos edifícios mais altos do mundo.
*Alternativa (D): o Canary Wharf Tower foi ultrapassado pela Shard London Bridge em relação a sua altura.
*Alternativa (E): a tecnologia de satélite tem sido usada por mais de 150.000 pessoas nas últimas décadas.
➽ O 1º parágrafo relata que:
"[...] Smartphone applications are transforming the tourism experience. The latest development is called Streetmuseum, or "the museum in your pocket." It can be downloaded on any Iphone or Android tablet and it enables you to explore the streets of London, both past and present."
(As aplicações de smartphones estão transformando a experiência de turismo. O último desenvolvimento é chamado de Streetmuseum, ou "o museu em seu bolso". Pode ser baixado em qualquer tablet Iphone ou Android e permite que você explore as ruas de Londres, tanto passado como presente.)
➽ O 2º parágrafo relata que::
"[...] Streetmuseum unites 200 images from the Museum of London collection with actual locations across the capital. It uses the smartphone's geo-tagging facility: as you walk the streets of London, satellite technology will give the phone’s "geoposition." The phone will produce an image of that place in the past and you can compare this with what you see there today. So far the app has been downloaded by over 150,000 people around the world."
(O Streetmuseum reúne 200 imagens da coleção do Museu de Londres com locais reais em toda a capital. Ele usa a facilidade de geo-tagging do smartphone: ao caminhar pelas ruas de Londres, a tecnologia de satélite dará o "georeferência" do telefone. O telefone produzirá uma imagem desse lugar no passado e você pode comparar isso com o que você vê hoje. Até agora, o aplicativo foi baixado por mais de 150 mil pessoas ao redor do mundo.)

❑ TEXTO 2: The following text refers to questions 14 to 16

ASK THE ETHICIST

TOO HOT!

I work with a dozen others in a city office building. One colleague says that she has an autoimmune disease. She says that we must keep the windows in our small office closed at all times; if we open them, she becomes ill. Our boss has offered her a separate room, but she refuses to move. What is the right thing to do? We are all miserable, and productivity is very low. 
B.S.
       
What’s harder than balancing the needs of one against the needs of the many? Doing it during the heat of summer, in an unventilated room. Your boss has proposed an elegant solution to this conflict, which addresses your colleague's concerns and keeps the rest of the staff happy.
         
Your colleague probably doesn't want to sit in a separate room because she prefers company. But her preference shouldn’t prevail on your office’s need to have people do their jobs productively. There is also one little problem: her request does not make much sense.
        
Dr. Roy M. Gulick, chief of infectious diseases at Cornell University, says that closing the windows does not help an autoimmune disorder – in fact  _____( I )_____. When it comes to germs, adequate ventilation can reduce the chance of spread from one person to another. The woman in question with the autoimmune disease probably is more likely to become ill by being in a crowded room with the windows closed than in the same crowded room with the windows open.
        
Helping a sick colleague is an ethical obligation, but so is getting the facts straight before asking people to inconvenience themselves. In this case the remedy that brings you fresh air may also bring your co-worker better health. Open the windows and rejoice.

By Ariel Kaminer

www.speakup.com.br

👉 Questão  14 
The word MISERABLE in the text means
a) extremely bad and shocking.
b) perfect in every way.
c) extremely unhappy or uncomfortable.
d) not able to be touched or measured, and difficult to describe or explain.
e) surprising, or difficult to believe.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   C 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
A palavra MISERÁVEL no texto significa
*Alternativa (A): extremamente ruim e chocante.
*Alternativa (B): perfeito em todos os sentidos.
*Alternativa (C): extremamente infeliz ou desconfortável.
*Alternativa (D): incapaz de ser tocado ou medido e difícil de descrever ou explicar.
*Alternativa (E): surpreendente, ou difícil de acreditar.
O falso cognato "miserable" significa "extremamente infeliz ou desconfortável".

👉 Questão  15 
The sentence that properly fills in blank I in the text is
a) infectious diseases are never cured.
b) this problem is solved forever.
c) the person will no longer complain about the weather.
d) it will surely get better.
e) it might very well hurt.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   E 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
A frase que preenche corretamente o espaço em branco I no texto é
*Alternativa (A): doenças infecciosas nunca são curadas.
*Alternativa (B): este problema é resolvido para sempre.
*Alternativa (C): a pessoa deixará de reclamar do tempo.
*Alternativa (D): certamente melhorará.
*Alternativa (E): pode muito bem doer.
➽ Vê no texto:
"[...] Dr. Roy M. Gulick, chief of infectious diseases at Cornell University, says that closing the windows does not help an autoimmune disorder – in fact it might very well hurt."
(O Dr. Roy M. Gulick, chefe de doenças infecciosas da Universidade de Cornell, diz que fechar as janelas não ajuda uma desordem auto-imune - na verdade, isso pode fazer muito mal.)

👉 Questão  16 
The text states that
a) productivity is low in the office due to the hot weather outside.
b) the boss has a very elegant posture towards the team and is very skillful in solving problems.
c) bringing fresh air to the workplace is what Dr. Roy suggests in order to spread ventilation to sick people.
d) odds are that one will get ill when placed in a crowded room with windows closed.
e) according to ethics, bothering people is recommended in situations of stress.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   D 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
O texto afirma que
*Alternativa (A): a produtividade é baixa no escritório devido ao tempo quente no exterior.
*Alternativa (B): o chefe tem uma postura muito elegante em relação à equipe e é muito habilidoso na resolução de problemas.
*Alternativa (C): trazer ar fresco para o local de trabalho é o que o Dr. Roy sugere para espalhar a ventilação para as pessoas doentes.
*Alternativa (D): as probabilidades(chances) são de que alguém fique doente quando colocado em uma sala lotada com as janelas fechadas.
*Alternativa (E): de acordo com a ética, incomodar as pessoas é recomendado em situações de estresse.

❑ TEXTO 3:
👉 Questão  17 

www.facebook.com

The message conveyed by the text above is that
a) anybody can be scary at night!
b) people who have faith are never sleepless at night.
c) fine pillows are usually made by fearless people.
d) faithful people can remain awake whenever they want to.
e) fear and faith are linked by a fine pillow.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   B 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
A mensagem transmitida pelo texto acima é que
*Alternativa (A): qualquer um pode ser assustador à noite!
*Alternativa (B): as pessoas que têm fé nunca ficam sem sono durante a noite.
*Alternativa (C): travesseiros finos são geralmente feitos por pessoas destemidas.
*Alternativa (D): pessoas fiéis podem permanecer acordadas sempre que quiserem.
*Alternativa (E): o medo e a fé estão ligados por um bom travesseiro.
➽ A tradução da citação é :
"O medo pode nos manter acordados durante toda a noite, mas a fé é um ótimo travesseiro."
➽ A ideia que transmite é que:
"people who have faith are never sleepless at night"
(as pessoas que têm fé NUNCA FICAM SEM SONO à noite)

❑ TEXTO 4:

👉 Questão  18 

www.pinterest.com

Which sentence is grammatically correct about the picture above?
a) If the 2 lions had been taller, they wouldn’t have to had helped each other.
b) If one lion was bigger, the other wouldn’t be help him.
c) Had one lion taller, the other would have helped him.
d) Should a lion be bigger, the other have helped him.
e) If one lion were taller, the other one wouldn’t have had to help him.

👍 Gabarito   E 

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