ESAF/2004 – CGU – ANALISTA DE FINANÇAS E CONTROLE – LÍNGUA INGLESA – CONTROLADORIA GERAL DA UNIÃO – PROVA COM GABARITO & TEXTOS TRADUZIDOS.

www.inglesparaconcursos.blog.br

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:

• ESAF-2014-CGU-ANALISTA DE FINANÇAS E CONTROLE-17/01/2004.

esaf.fazenda.gov.br

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

• 5 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 5 Options Each Question.

• Texto (1) – | Unpicking the fiscal straitjacket | The Economist |

• Texto (2) – | Brazil’s Central Bank Rate Vote Underscores Division | bloomberg.com |

• Texto (3) – | Responsibility of Accountants and Auditors | .guyanajournal.com |

❑ TEXTO 1: Read the text below in order to answer questions 21 to 24:

❑ TRADUÇÃO - TEXTO 1:

Unpicking the fiscal straitjacket

Desapertando a camisa de força fiscal 

Never has a straitjacket seemed so ill-fitting or so insecure. Nunca uma camisa de força pareceu tão inadequada ou tão insegura.

The euro area’s “stability and growth pact” was supposed to stop irresponsible member states from running excessive budget deficits, defined as 3% of GDP or more. O “pacto de estabilidade e crescimento” da área do euro deveria impedir que Estados-membros irresponsáveis incorressem em défices orçamentais excessivos, definidos como 3% do PIB ou mais.

Chief among the restraints was the threat of large fines if member governments breached the limit for three years in a row. A principal das restrições foi a ameaça de multas elevadas se os governos membros violassem o limite durante três anos consecutivos.

For some time now, no one has seriously believed those restraints would hold. Já há algum tempo, ninguém acreditava seriamente que essas restrições seriam válidas.

In the early hours of Tuesday November 25th, the euro’s fiscal straitjacket finally came apart at the seams. Na madrugada de terça-feira, 25 de Novembro, a camisa-de-forças fiscal do euro finalmente se desfez.

The pact’s fate was sealed over an extended dinner meeting of the euro area’s 12 finance ministers. O destino do pacto foi selado durante um jantar prolongado dos 12 ministros das finanças da área do euro.

They chewed over the sorry fiscal record of the euro’s two largest members, France and Germany. Eles refletiram sobre o lamentável registo fiscal dos dois maiores membros do euro, a França e a Alemanha.

Both governments ran deficits of more than 3% of GDP last year and will do so again this year. Ambos os governos registaram défices superiores a 3% do PIB no ano passado e voltarão a fazê-lo este ano.

Both expect to breach the limit for the third time in 2004. Ambos esperam ultrapassar o limite pela terceira vez em 2004.

Earlier this year, the European Commission, which policies the pact, agreed to give both countries an extra year, until 2005, to bring their deficits back into line. No início deste ano, a Comissão Europeia, que orienta o pacto, concordou em dar a ambos os países um ano extra, até 2005, para alinharem novamente os seus défices.

But it also instructed them to revisit their budget plans for 2004 and make extra cuts. Mas também os instruiu a rever os seus planos orçamentais para 2004 e a fazer cortes adicionais.

France was asked to cut its underlying, cyclically adjusted deficit by a full 1% of GDP, Germany by 0.8%. Foi solicitado à França que reduzisse o seu défice subjacente, corrigido do ciclo, em 1% do PIB e à Alemanha em 0,8%.

Both resisted. Ambos resistiram.

Nov 27th, 2003

The Economist Global Agenda

21 – (ESAF-2004-CGU-ANALISTA DE FINANÇAS E CONTROLE)

According to the text, the euro pact 

a) has been preventing excessive budget deficits.
b) has been devised by France and Germany.
c) aims at restraining the euro’s economic growth.
d) has redressed the euro’s fiscal balance.
e) sets parameters related to fiscal deficits.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  E 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

De acordo com o texto, o pacto para o euro

a) has been preventing excessive budget deficits.  tem evitado défices orçamentais excessivos.
b) has been devised by France and Germany. foi idealizado pela França e pela Alemanha.
c) aims at restraining the euro’s economic growth. visa restringir o crescimento econômico do euro.
d) has redressed the euro’s fiscal balance. restaurou o equilíbrio fiscal do euro.
e) sets parameters related to fiscal deficits. estabelece parâmetros relacionados aos déficits fiscais.

22 – (ESAF-2004-CGU-ANALISTA DE FINANÇAS E CONTROLE)

In “if member states breached the limit” (paragraph 1), “breached” could best be replaced by

a) reduced
b) exceeded
c) extended
d) compassed
e) outlasted

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

23 – (ESAF-2004-CGU-ANALISTA DE FINANÇAS E CONTROLE)

In paragraph 2, Germany and France are referred to as

 
a) countries which have failed to follow fiscal rules.
b) leading forces within the European Central Bank.
c) countries which brought their deficits below 3%.
d) members of a coming European Union.
e) countries whose fiscal balance is remarkable.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

No 2º parágrafo, a Alemanha e a França são referidas como

 
a) countries which have failed to follow fiscal rules. países que não cumpriram as regras fiscais.
b) leading forces within the European Central Bank. forças dirigentes dentro do Banco Central Europeu.
c) countries which brought their deficits below 3%. países que reduziram os seus défices para menos de 3%.
d) members of a coming European Union. membros de uma futura União Europeia.
e) countries whose fiscal balance is remarkable. países cujo equilíbrio fiscal é notável.

24 – (ESAF-2004-CGU-ANALISTA DE FINANÇAS E CONTROLE)

According to the author, Tuesday November 25th is the day on which the euro pact 

a) was at last enforced.
b) was finally signed.
c) proved its ineffectiveness.
d) finally acquired legitimacy.
e) was at last respected.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

Segundo o autor, terça-feira, 25 de novembro, é o dia em que o pacto do euro

a) was at last enforced. foi finalmente aplicada.

b) was finally signed. foi finalmente assinado.
c) proved its ineffectiveness. comprovou sua ineficácia.
d) finally acquired legitimacy. finalmente adquiriu legitimidade.

e) was at last respected. foi finalmente respeitado.

❑ TEXTO 2: Read the text below in order to answer questions 25 to 28:

❑ TRADUÇÃO - TEXTO 2: 

 

Brazil’s Central Bank Rate Vote Underscores Division

Divisão de sublinhados de votação de taxas do Banco Central do Brasil 

 
Two of the Brazilian central bank’s nine-member board called for a smaller interest rate cut last week than policy makers approved, underscoring disagreement over the pace of a recovery in Brazil and its effect on inflation. Dois dos nove membros do conselho do banco central brasileiro pediram um corte menor nas taxas de juros na semana passada do que o aprovado pelos legisladores, ressaltando o desacordo sobre o ritmo de uma recuperação no Brasil e seu efeito sobre a inflação.

The vote, the first show of dissent since Henrique Meirelles became the bank’s president, may signal that the bank may be less inclined to lower the benchmark lending rate in coming months after cutting it six times since June. A votação, a primeira demonstração de dissidência desde que Henrique Meirelles se tornou presidente do banco, pode sinalizar que o banco pode estar menos inclinado a reduzir a taxa básica de juros nos próximos meses, depois de cortá-la seis vezes desde junho.

The board said in minutes of the meeting distributed today that its vote to lower the overnight target rate to 17.5 percent from 19 percent was aimed at giving a boost to an economy that suffered its biggest back-to-back quarterly contractions in seven years between April and September. O conselho disse na ata da reunião distribuída hoje que seu voto para reduzir a taxa alvo overnight de 19% para 17,5 por cento tinha como objetivo dar um impulso a uma economia que sofreu suas maiores contrações trimestrais consecutivas em sete anos entre abril e setembro.​ 

Internet : www.bloomberg.com

Accessed in Nov/2003

25 – (ESAF-2004-CGU-ANALISTA DE FINANÇAS E CONTROLE)

In paragraph 1, the text refers to an interest rate cut which

a) has been the lowest since 2002.
b) has been the first one since April 2003.
c) has not been approved by the World Bank.
d) was not established by consensus.
e) reflects the consumers’ expectations.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

No 1º parágrafo, o texto refere-se a uma redução das taxas de juro que

a) has been the lowest since 2002. foi o mais baixa desde 2002.
b) has been the first one since April 2003. foi o primeira desde abril de 2003.
c) has not been approved by the World Bank. não foi aprovada pelo Banco Mundial.
d) was not established by consensus. não foi estabelecida por consenso.
e) reflects the consumers’ expectations. reflete as expectativas dos consumidores.

26 – (ESAF-2004-CGU-ANALISTA DE FINANÇAS E CONTROLE)

In paragraph 3, the author refers to 

a) the present Brazilian economic boom.
b) an interest rate increase of 1.5%.
c) consecutive economic contractions.
d) the highest interest rate increase since April.
e) a coming decision to lower target rates.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

No parágrafo 3, o autor refere-se a

a) the present Brazilian economic boom. o atual boom econômico brasileiro.
b) an interest rate increase of 1.5%. um aumento da taxa de juro de 1,5%.
c) consecutive economic contractions. contrações econômicas consecutivas.
d) the highest interest rate increase since April. o maior aumento da taxa de juros desde abril.
e) a coming decision to lower target rates. uma decisão iminente de reduzir as taxas alvo.

27 – (ESAF-2004-CGU-ANALISTA DE FINANÇAS E CONTROLE)

According to the text, Brazil’s central bank rate vote demonstrates 

a) disagreement
b) confrontation
c) illegitimacy
d) unanimity
e) coherence

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

De acordo com o texto, a votação da taxa do Banco Central do Brasil demonstra

a) disagreement desacordo
b) confrontation confronto
c) illegitimacy ilegitimidade
d) unanimity unanimidade
e) coherence coerência

28 – (ESAF-2004-CGU-ANALISTA DE FINANÇAS E CONTROLE)

The text 

a) underscores the sudden recovery of Brazil’s economy.
b) reports decisions concerning interest rate reductions.
c) points out the sharp fall in Brazil’s inflationary rates.
d) refers to a decision supported by the World Bank.
e) emphasizes the urgent need of interest rate cuts.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

O texto

a) underscores the sudden recovery of Brazil’s economy. ressalta a recuperação repentina da economia brasileira.
b) reports decisions concerning interest rate reductions. eporta decisões relativas a reduções de taxas de juro.
c) points out the sharp fall in Brazil’s inflationary rates. aponta a queda acentuada das taxas inflacionárias do Brasil.
d) refers to a decision supported by the World Bank. refere-se a uma decisão apoiada pelo Banco Mundial.
e) emphasizes the urgent need of interest rate cuts. enfatiza a necessidade urgente de cortes nas taxas de juros.

❑ TEXTO 3: Read the text below in order to answer questions 29 and 30:

❑ TRADUÇÃO - TEXTO 3: 

Responsibility of Accountants and Auditors

Responsabilidade dos Contadores e Auditores 

How can accountants and auditors help in this anticorruption drive? Como podem os contabilistas e auditores ajudar nesta campanha anticorrupção?

First of all, accountants are the first set of gatekeepers to ensure that transactions are valid, at arm’s-length, captured, and properly recorded according to established standards. Em primeiro lugar, os contabilistas são o primeiro conjunto de guardiões para garantir que as transações são válidas, em condições normais de mercado, capturadas e devidamente registadas de acordo com os padrões estabelecidos.

Secondly, “as professionals with a duty to protect the public interest, they are bound by rigorous codes of professional and personal ethics calling for the highest levels of integrity and objectivity”. Em segundo lugar, “como profissionais com o dever de proteger o interesse público, estão sujeitos a rigorosos códigos de ética profissional e pessoal que exigem os mais elevados níveis de integridade e objectividade”. 

Thirdly, “their key strategic positions within an enterprise or organization – whether in an internal position or as an external auditor or adviser – mean that they very often have access to highly privileged and confidential information.”(Frank Harding: “Corruption: Rising to the Challenge”, IFAC – May/1999.) Em terceiro lugar, “as suas principais posições estratégicas dentro de uma empresa ou organização – seja numa posição interna ou como auditor ou consultor externo – significam que muitas vezes têm acesso a informações altamente privilegiadas e confidenciais.”(Frank Harding: “Corruption: Rising to o Desafio”, IFAC – Maio/1999.)

Both accountants and auditors perform their respective functions on the bases of national and international standards of practice which have clear guidelines in identifying, for instance, indicators of fraud and other irregularities, and reporting these to the highest levels of authority. Tanto os contabilistas como os auditores desempenham as suas respectivas funções com base em padrões de prática nacionais e internacionais que têm orientações claras na identificação, por exemplo, de indicadores de fraude e outras irregularidades, e na sua comunicação aos mais altos níveis de autoridade.

Internet: www.guyanajournal.com 

Accessed in Nov/2003

29 – (ESAF-2004-CGU-ANALISTA DE FINANÇAS E CONTROLE)

According to the author, integrity and objectivity are 

a) regarded as questionable principles.
b) considered disruptive elements.
c) seen as disregarded principles.
d) to be observed and maintained.
e) considered antagonistic principles.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

Segundo o autor, integridade e objetividade são

a) regarded as questionable principles. considerados princípios questionáveis.
b) considered disruptive elements. considerados elementos disruptivos.
c) seen as disregarded principles. vistos como princípios desconsiderados.
d) to be observed and maintained. ser observado e mantido.
e) considered antagonistic principles. princípios considerados antagônicos.

30 – (ESAF-2004-CGU-ANALISTA DE FINANÇAS E CONTROLE)

According to the text, accountants and auditors 

a) play no role in fighting corruption.
b) may investigate bribery and nepotism.
c) seldom participate in the anticorruption effort.
d) are expected to restrain transparency and accountability.
e) are expected to help curb corrupt practices.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  E 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

De acordo com o texto, contadores e auditores

a) play no role in fighting corruption. não desempenham nenhum papel no combate à corrupção.
b) may investigate bribery and nepotism. poderá investigar suborno e nepotismo.
c) seldom participate in the anticorruption effort. raramente participam do esforço anticorrupção.
d) are expected to restrain transparency and accountability. espera-se que restrinjam a transparência e a responsabilização.

e) are expected to help curb corrupt practices.  deverão ajudar a coibir práticas corruptas.

FURB 2015 – LÍNGUA INGLESA – ASSISTENTE ADMNISTRATIVO

www.inglesparaconcursos.blog.br

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:

• FURB/2015-ASSISTENTE ADMNISTRATIVO.

www.furb.br

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

• 5 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 5 Options Each Question.

• Texto (1) – | Three-parent baby | http://en.wikipedia.org |

❑ TEXTO 1: For the questions 16 to 20, you should read the text below carefully and choose the best alternative:

Three-parent baby

(Adapted from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-parent_baby

Three-parent babies are human offspring with three genetic parents, created through a specialized form of In vitro fertilization in which the future baby's mitochondrial DNA comes from a third party. The procedure is intended to prevent mitochondrial diseases including Diabetes mellitus and deafness and some heart and liver conditions. It is the subject of considerable controversy in the field of bioethics. The procedure is not currently approved for general use in any country. However, in the United Kingdom, a draft law was debated and approved in February 2015.

Alana Saarinen (born 2000) is a girl from the US conceived through an infertility treatment known as cytoplasmic transfer and has DNA from three biological parents. She is the daughter of Sharon and Paul Saarinen, and a third donor. (However, the first person born using cytoplasmic transfer was Emma Ott of Pennsylvania in 1997.)

Before Alana's birth, her parents had gone through four attempts to have a baby through numerous IVF procedures without success. The fifth attempt using cytoplasmic transfer succeeded. The treatment involved the transfer of a third donor's cytoplasm, containing healthy mitochondria, to Sharon Saarinen's egg with unhealthy mitochondria. The egg was then fertilized with Paul Saarinen's sperm. During the process of transferring DNA, some DNA from the donor was in the embryo. Ninety-nine percent of Alana's genetic material is from her parents, and her one percent is from the third donor. 

According to her mother, Alana is healthy and has a fairly normal life as a teenager such as playing golf and the piano, listening to music and hanging out with friends. Despite the success of Alana's case, cytoplasmic transfer technique was banned by the US Food and Drug Administration (in 2001) due to safety and ethical concerns. As the result of the pioneering infertility treatment, several research teams in the United Kingdom are currently requesting a regulatory approval for a similar technique called mitochondrial replacement. The technique would use a donor's healthy mitochondria to treat women at risk of passing on mitochondrial diseases to their children.

Availability

The process, still in the research stage, is currently not approved as safe and effective in the United States. China prohibited it after a woman tried to undergo the procedure. Some research is also taking place in the United States. The United Kingdom became the first country to legalize the procedure in February 2015 although the procedure still needs further research before it becomes available.

Technique

The process of producing a three-parent baby, Three Parent In Vitro Fertilization (TPIVF), involves taking the nucleus of one egg and inserting it into the cytoplasm of another egg which has had its nucleus removed, but still contains mitochondrial DNA, and then fertilizing the hybrid egg with a sperm. The purpose of the procedure is to remove a nucleus from a cell with defective mitochondria and place it in a donor cell with healthy mitochondria, which after fertilization will contain a nucleus with genetic material from only the two parents.There is more than one method of TPIVF. The two main methods are pronuclear transfer and spindle transfer; Spindle transfer is a process where the spindle of chromosomes taken from the mother’s egg are placed into the donor egg and pronuclear transfer is the process described at the beginning of this paragraph.

Although the donor egg is said to contribute only 0.1% to the genetic make up of the child, when examining the genetic material of these children there are still three identifiable genetic parents. This is due to the fact that the donor egg usually comes from a non-maternal relative. For a child having undergone this procedure to have only two identifiable genetic parents, the donor egg must have come from a non-maternal relative (this is because mitochondrial DNA mtDNA is inherited maternally; thus maternal relatives will have identical mitochondrial DNA, barring random mutations). Maternal relative egg donation is not commonly used, because if the female egg has a mitochondrial disease then it is highly likely that the maternal relatives inherited the disease as well.

Ethics

Despite the promising outcomes of the two techniques, pronuclear transfer and spindle transfer, mitochondrial gene replacement raises ethical and social concerns. According to Darnovsky, an executive director of the Center for Genetics and Society, the technique procedures would involve modification of the germline, and modifications would pass on to subsequent generations. Using Human embryos in vitro research are controversial because embryos are created specifically for research and the financial compensation of egg donors. Implications for identity is another ethical concern that has psychological and emotional impacts on a child's life regarding of a person's sense of identity. It debates whether the genetic make-up of children born as a result of mitochondrial replacement affect their emotional well-being when they are aware that they are different from other healthy children conceived from two parents. Safety and efficacy of mitochondrial DNA replacement are still unanswered. 

New York University researcher James Grifo, a critic of the American ban, has argued that society "would never have made the advances in treating infertility that we have if these bans had been imposed 10 years" earlier.

Opponents argue that scientists are "playing God" and that children with three genetic parents may suffer both psychological and physical damage. These critics include Alison Cook of Great Britain's Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority, who argues that bans were "written to protect the welfare of the embryo and the child.

16 – (FURB/2015-ASSISTENTE ADMNISTRATIVO)

The technique that best describes the process of fertilization discussed in the text is:

(A) Two parent in vitro fertilization.
(B) In vitro fertilization.
(C) Out of vitro fertilization.
(D) Three parent in vitro fertilization.
(E) Hybrid egg fertilization.

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    D  
TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

A técnica que melhor descreve o processo de fertilização discutido no texto é:

(A) Two parent in vitro fertilization.

Fertilização in vitro de dois progenitores.
(B) In vitro fertilization.

fertilização in vitro.
(C) Out of vitro fertilization.

Fertilização fora de vitro.
(D) Three parent in vitro fertilization.

Fertilização in vitro com três progenitores.
(E) Hybrid egg fertilization.

Fertilização híbrida de ovos.

17 – (FURB/2015-ASSISTENTE ADMNISTRATIVO)

Choose the alternative that best describes the ethical and social concerns related to the three-parent fertilization process:

(A) psychological and emotional impacts.
(B) safety procedures, research and financial compensation of egg donors, and psychological and emotional impacts.
(C) research and financial compensation of egg donors.
(D) safety procedures.
(E) the physical growing – up process of the child.

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Escolha a alternativa que melhor descreve as preocupações éticas e sociais relacionadas ao processo de fertilização com três progenitores:

(A) psychological and emotional impacts.

 impactos psicológicos e emocionais.
(B) safety procedures, research and financial compensation of egg donors, and psychological and emotional impacts.

procedimentos de segurança, pesquisa e compensação financeira de doadores de ovos e impactos psicológicos e emocionais.
(C) research and financial compensation of egg donors.

pesquisa e compensação financeira de doadores de óvulos.
(D) safety procedures.

procedimentos de segurança.
(E) the physical growing-up process of the child.

o processo de crescimento físico da criança.

18 – (FURB/2015-ASSISTENTE ADMNISTRATIVO)

When the American girl Alana Saarinen was born the infertility treatment used by her parents was a method:

(A) totally acceptable and legalized.
(B) partially acceptable and legalized.
(C) accepted by her parents, but not accepted by her donor and illegal.
(D) accepted by her mother's doctor and partially legalized.
(E) accepted by her parents, but illegal.

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    X  
TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Quando a garota americana Alana Saarinen nasceu, o tratamento de infertilidade usado por seus pais era um método:

(A) totally acceptable and legalized.

totalmente aceitável e legalizado.
(B) partially acceptable and legalized.

parcialmente aceitável e legalizado.
(C) accepted by her parents, but not accepted by her donor and illegal.

aceito pelos pais, mas não aceito pelo doador e ilegal.
(D) accepted by her mother's doctor and partially legalized.

aceito pelo médico da mãe e parcialmente legalizado.
(E) accepted by her parents, but illegal.

aceito pelos pais, mas ilegal.

19 – (FURB/2015-ASSISTENTE ADMNISTRATIVO)

The in vitro fertilization technique described in the text and adopted by Alana´s parents can be explained in the following way:

(A) The doctor takes the nucleus of one egg and inserts it into the cytoplasm of another egg which has had its nucleus removed and doesn't contain mitochondrial DNA.
(B) removing the nucleus of a cell with defective mitochondria and placing it in a donor cell with unhealthy mitochondria, which after fertilization will contain a nucleus with genetic material from only the two parents.
(C) removing the nucleus of a cell with defective mitochondria and placing it in a donor cell with unhealthy mitochondria, which after fertilization will contain a nucleus with three-parent genetic material.

(D) the doctor removes the nucleus of one egg, takes another nucleus and puts it into the cytoplasm of the egg, which still contains mitochondrial DNA. Then he fertilizes the hybrid egg with a sperm.
(E) Spindle transfer is a process where the spindle of chromosomes taken from the mother’s egg are placed into the donor egg.

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    D  
TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

A técnica de fertilização in vitro descrita no texto e adotada pelos pais de Alana pode ser explicada da seguinte maneira:

(A) The doctor takes the nucleus of one egg and inserts it into the cytoplasm of another egg which has had its nucleus removed and doesn't contain mitochondrial DNA.

O médico pega o núcleo de um óvulo e o insere no citoplasma de outro óvulo que teve seu núcleo removido e não contém DNA mitocondrial.
(B) removing the nucleus of a cell with defective mitochondria and placing it in a donor cell with unhealthy mitochondria, which after fertilization will contain a nucleus with genetic material from only the two parents.

remover o núcleo de uma célula com mitocôndrias defeituosas e colocá-lo em uma célula doadora com mitocôndrias prejudiciais, que após a fertilização conterão um núcleo com material genético apenas dos dois pais.
(C) removing the nucleus of a cell with defective mitochondria and placing it in a donor cell with unhealthy mitochondria, which after fertilization will contain a nucleus with three-parent genetic material.

remover o núcleo de uma célula com mitocôndrias defeituosas e colocá-lo em uma célula doadora com mitocôndrias prejudiciais, que após a fertilização conterão um núcleo com material genético de três progenitores.

(D) the doctor removes the nucleus of one egg, takes another nucleus and puts it into the cytoplasm of the egg, which still contains mitochondrial DNA. Then he fertilizes the hybrid egg with a sperm.

o médico remove o núcleo de um ovo, pega outro núcleo e o coloca no citoplasma do ovo, que ainda contém DNA mitocondrial. Então ele fertiliza o óvulo híbrido com um esperma.
(E) Spindle transfer is a process where the spindle of chromosomes taken from the mother’s egg are placed into the donor egg.

A transferência do eixo é um processo em que o eixo dos cromossomos retirados do ovo da mãe é colocado no ovo doador.

20 – (FURB/2015-ASSISTENTE ADMNISTRATIVO)

According to researchers that are in favor of the kinds of treatments described in the text:

(A) it's important to “play God” and create babies with three genetic parents.
(B) the society would never advance in the infertility treatment if all the ethical and social barriers had been imposed before.
(C) it's unaccepted to “play God” and create babies with three genetic parents.
(D) children that are a result of a two-parent fertilization process can suffer psychological and physical damage.
(E) the efficacy of mitochondrial DNA replacement is a process totally safe and completely acceptable.

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Segundo os pesquisadores que são a favor dos tipos de tratamentos descritos no texto:

(A) it's important to “play God” and create babies with three genetic parents.

é importante “brincar de Deus” e criar bebês com três pais genéticos.
(B) the society would never advance in the infertility treatment if all the ethical and social barriers had been imposed before.

a sociedade nunca avançaria no tratamento da infertilidade se todas as barreiras éticas e sociais tivessem sido impostas antes.
(C) it's unaccepted to “play God” and create babies with three genetic parents.

é inaceitável “brincar de Deus” e criar bebês com três pais genéticos.
(D) children that are a result of a two-parent fertilization process can suffer psychological and physical damage.

as crianças resultantes de um processo de fertilização com dois pais podem sofrer danos físicos e psicológicos.
(E) the efficacy of mitochondrial DNA replacement is a process totally safe and completely acceptable.

a eficácia da substituição do DNA mitocondrial é um processo totalmente seguro e completamente aceitável.

SOCIESC-2009-PM/JOINVILLE-ASSISTENTE CULTURAL (TRADUTOR INGLÊS)-LÍNGUA INGLESA- CONCURSO PÚBLICO - PREFEITURA MUNICIPAL DE JOINVILLE/SC - Prova com gabarito.

Welcome back to another post!

➧ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: SOCIESC-2009-PM/JOINVILLE-ASSISTENTE CULTURAL (TRADUTOR INGLÊS), aplicação em 13/12/2009.

➧ BANCA/ORGANIZADOR: SOCIESC - http://conteudo.sociesc.com.br/pt/concursos-publicos/.

➧ GABARITO:

01-D, 02-B, 03-X, 04-A, 05-B

06-A, 07-C, 08-A, 09-D, 10-C

➧ TEXTO :

The Pop Spectacular That Almost Was

Death returned Michael Jackson's humanity, and in a curious, tentative way so too does "Michael Jackson’s This Is It," a rushed and ragged monument to the man, his work and the commercial interests of those he left behind. At once a greatest-hits compendium and a suggestive glance at what might have been, the movie — which had its premiere Tuesday and opened Wednesday on a staggering 18,000 screens worldwide — has been so nakedly designed to serve so many different agendas that it seemed unlikely anything would be left for Mr. Jackson’s fans beyond the sheer spectacle of such colossal posthumous exploitation.

Yet something remains here, though it’s hard to know whether it’s the ghost or our love, perhaps both. Whatever the case, the on-screen results are weird and watchable, by turns frustrating and entertaining, and predictably a little morbid. Directed by Kenny Ortega, the movie has been stitched together from more than 100 hours of taped rehearsals for the 50- concert comeback tour that he and Mr. Jackson were creating together when the singer died in June after a drug overdose. Mr. Ortega, working with four editors (Don Brochu, Brandon Key, Tim Patterson and Kevin Stitt), has punched the material into classic behindthe-scenes documentary shape, complete with teary testimonials from the show’s demonstrably wowed dancers, the occasional impromptu moment and plenty of canned sentiment.

The movie opens, after a bit of scrolling text, on a worshipful note, with a number of the concert dancers weeping and excitedly talking into the camera about the gig and their love for (the still living) Mr. Jackson. It’s an easy way into the material, but it’s also smart, partly because these tears help prime the audience’s pump. The testimonials add to the overall deification that comes with any larger-than-life star production. But more important, they instantly invest some authentic feeling into a project (product) that has seemed devoid of soul from the minute it was announced. With their wet cheeks and halting words, these visibly moved young men and women are the sobbing, yearning embodiment of fan love.

It doesn’t take long to remember why Mr. Jackson inspired that love. First, though, you have to wade through a somewhat baffling montage featuring Lady Diana, Mother Teresa and President Obama, among others, a preposterous lineup that serves as something of a warm-up act for Mr. Jackson himself, who initially appears among an excited throng to announce the concert that never was. Happily, the moviemakers come down to earth (or as much as might be expected with Mr. Jackson onboard) for the subsequent rehearsals, which are regularly interspersed, or more rightly padded, with interview snippets featuring musicians, singers, choreographers and costume designers. Mr. Jackson’s family members are conspicuous by their absence, his brothers, father and mother invoked in name only. 

The rehearsals draw heavily from Mr. Jackson’s older hits, notably from the 1982 album “Thriller,” beginning with “Wanna Be Startin’ Somethin’ ” and moving through “Human Nature,” “Thriller,” “Beat It” and “Billie Jean.” Some of these are accompanied by elaborate minimovies, some shot with special effects, including 3-D. The wittiest — a black-and-white Hollywood homage set to “Smooth Criminal” and probably inspired by the “Girl Hunt” ballet in the 1953 Vincente Minnelli musical “The Band Wagon” — features Mr. Jackson wearing a white pinstripe suit and interacting with Rita Hayworth (she tosses him her black glove from “Gilda”) and Humphrey Bogart (who, looking up from a kiss, throws him a scowl). As amusing as this number is, it pales alongside those moments when Mr. Jackson drops the pyrotechnics and just appears onstage alone.

Though shot in high definition, the visuals are generally soft, almost smudged, without the sharp edges you expect with HD. The softening effect most obviously benefits Mr. Jackson, who’s rarely seen in close-up and instead usually appears head to toe, energetically dancing, strutting, marching, moonwalking and sometimes understandably panting across the stage. This distanced vantage robs the curious of a chance to scrutinize that famous face, to unkindly survey the damage, but it also gives you the space to admire his liquid moves as he slips and slides and glides.

That’s especially important because Mr. Jackson, who after all is in the midst of complex rehearsals he’s helping coordinate, doesn’t often let loose vocally because he’s conserving his voice (as he sometimes mentions) or can no longer roam around the higher registers.

Mr. Ortega has described the material in "This Is It" (the title is shared by the concert and the accompanying CD) as “honest, raw, unguarded, right up until the day he died.” Well, as honest as a carefully packaged, multiplatform pseudo-event like this one can be, anyway. Truthfully, it is hard to imagine a supernova like Mr. Jackson, in particular one who grew up so publicly and at times pathetically, sharing anything honest, much less raw, on camera, either because he won’t or he can’t. In the end, all you can expect from such manufactured lives — and perhaps all that we’re really due — are glimmers of the figure left amid the fractured and distorting funhouse mirrors. Every so often, with a shy smile, a few soft words, a direction to the musicians, a thank-you, Mr. Jackson offers you such a glimmer.

Opened on Wednesday nationwide.

Directed by Kenny Ortega; concert production created by Michael Jackson and Mr. Ortega; directors of photography, Tim Patterson and Sandrine Orabona; edited by Don Brochu, Brandon Key, Mr. Patterson and Kevin Stitt; music by Michael Bearden; choreography by Mr. Jackson and Travis Payne; production designer, Michael Cotten; produced by Randy Phillips, Mr. Ortega and Paul Gongaware; released by Columbia Pictures. Running time: 1 hour 51 minutes
By MANOHLA DARGIS
Published: October 29, 2009 – New York Times

01. (SOCIESC-2009-PM/JOINVILLE-ASSISTENTE CULTURAL)

According to the text

"Death returned Michael Jackson's humanity…"

means that:

(A) He was not human.
(B) He was a monument.
(C) Before he was seen as a human being.
(D) Before he was seen as an idol, a myth.

02. (SOCIESC-2009-PM/JOINVILLE-ASSISTENTE CULTURAL)

"This is it" is:

(A) a film about the 50- concert he had already made.
(B) a film about the preparation of Michael Jackson's show.
(C) a film about the remake of “Thriller”, his bestseller song.
(D) a film about Michael Jackson and his family.

03. (SOCIESC-2009-PM/JOINVILLE-ASSISTENTE CULTURAL)

In the opening of the film, there as some dancers:

(A) talking about the show itself.
(B) moved by his idol death.
(C) weeping and excitedly dancing.
(D) talking about the project before Michael Jackson death.

04. (SOCIESC-2009-PM/JOINVILLE-ASSISTENTE CULTURAL)

The film shows …:

(A) his rehearsals and minimovies.
(B) he talking with Rita Hayworth.
(C) he talking with Rita Hayworth ad Humphrey Bogard.
(D) he talking with Vincent Minnelli.

05. (SOCIESC-2009-PM/JOINVILLE-ASSISTENTE CULTURAL)

Kenny Ortega, who is ____ of the film, describes the material as “honest, raw unguarded, right up until the day he died.”

(A) his friend
(B) the director
(C) one of the dancers
(D) Michael Jackson private assistant.

06. (SOCIESC-2009-PM/JOINVILLE-ASSISTENTE CULTURAL)

Complete these sentences with the right choice:

"The village is _____Nottingham. It´s only six miles away"

(A) Near
(B) By
(C) Along
(D) Next

07. (SOCIESC-2009-PM/JOINVILLE-ASSISTENTE CULTURAL)

Complete with the right choice:

"I think I'll buy these boots. ____ really well."

(A) They have fit
(B) They're fitting
(C) They fit
(D) They were fitting

08. (SOCIESC-2009-PM/JOINVILLE-ASSISTENTE CULTURAL)

Complete with the right alternative:

“Where _________ the truck?

(A) did you park
(B) did you parked
(C) parked you
(D) you parket

09. (SOCIESC-2009-PM/JOINVILLE-ASSISTENTE CULTURAL)

Complete with the right alternative:

“It´s so boring here. Nothing ever happens in ______ place.”

(A) that
(B) these
(C) those
(D) this

10. (SOCIESC-2009-PM/JOINVILLE-ASSISTENTE CULTURAL)

The right translation for the English word “anticipate” is:

(A) antecipar
(B) fazer antes
(C) ficar na expectative
(D) partir