CACD TPS 2016 – DIPLOMATA – LÍNGUA INGLESA

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❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:

• DIPLOMATA-CACD-TPS-2016-CEBRASPE-APLICAÇÃO-31/07/2016.

❑ ESTRUTURA-TESTE DE PRÉ-SELEÇÃO:

• 09 TFQs (True False Question) / 04 Options Each Question.
• Texto (1) – | E. W. Said. Orientalism. |
• Texto (2) – | D. Massey. For space. |
• Texto (3) – | Africa: unity, sovereignty, and sorrow. |
• Texto (4) – | Public Diplomacy. |
• Texto (5) – | The impact of political and diplomatic disputes on international business activity. |

❑ TEXTO:

01 – (CESPE/CEBRASPE-2016-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ªFASE)

➭     Gabarito -  EEEC   

Decide whether the following statements are right (C) or wrong (E) according to text I.

1 The author asserts that the Orient, as Europeans tend to see it, IS a culturally ancient creation. (ERRADO)

(O autor afirma que o Oriente, assim como os europeus tendem a vê-lo, é uma criação culturalmente antiga.)

➭ ERRADA – O autor afirma que o ORIENTE FOI QUASE (WAS ALMOST) UMA INVENÇÃO/CRIAÇÃO EUROPÉIA, conforme o trecho (linha 6):

• "[...] The Orient was almost a European invention...."

 ➭ ALMOST  = NOT COMPLETELY, synonym NEARLY, ABOUT, VIRTUALLY.

2 The Portuguese as well as other European peoples share the exact same Orientalist tradition as the British.

(Os portugueses, assim como outros povos europeus, compartilham exatamente a mesma tradição orientalista como os britânicos.)

➭ ERRADA – porque os portugueses compartilham  orientalismo DIFERENTE (MENOR GRAU) dos franceses e dos britânicos (que são povos europeus), conforme o trecho (linhas:14 a 16):

• "[...]  Unlike the Americans, the French and the British — less so the Germans, Russians, Spanish, Portuguese, Italians, and Swiss — have had a long tradition of what I shall be calling Orientalism, a way of coming to terms with the Orient that is based on the Orient’s special place in European Western experience."
• NÃO DA MESMA FORMA QUE os americanos, os franceses e os britânicos - MENOS AINDA os alemães, os russos, os espanhóis, os portugueses, os italianos e os suíços - que tiveram uma longa tradição do que chamarei de orientalismo,..)

➭ UNLIKE = Differently from; not in a like manner. 

➭ LESS SO = to a smaller degree - MENOS AINDA - indica um grau menor da qualidade de algo em questão.

3 Even though the Orient neighbours Europe, the peoples of this region are the most likely to appear as Europe's Other.

➭ ERRADA – porque não faz sentido o genitive case “Europe's Other” (Europa da Europa), tendo em vista que “Other” faz referência a “Europe”, conforme o trecho (linhas:18 a 22):

•  “[…] The Orient is not only adjacent to Europe; it (= the Orient) is also the place of Europe’s greatest and richest and oldest colonies, the source of its civilizations and languages, its cultural contestant, and one of its deepest and most recurring images of the Other.” (O Oriente não é apenas adjacente à Europa; é também o lugar das maiores, mais ricas e mais antigas colônias da Europa, a fonte de suas civilizações e línguas, seu concorrente cultural e uma de suas imagens mais profundas e recorrentes da Europa.)

4 It can be said that the French journalist quoted in the text was disappointed not to find the landscape once described by the referred writers.

(Pode-se dizer que o jornalista francês citado no texto ficou desapontado por não encontrar a paisagem outrora descrita pelos referidos escritores.)

➭ CORRETA – A questão 4 é do estilo INFERENCE QUESTION (It can be said that ...) onde se infere que o jornalista francês ficou desapontado por não encontrar a paisagem outrora descrita pelos referidos escritores.

Neste tipo de questão você tem que verificar se a inferência apresentada na questão é possível com base em algum trecho do texto,ou em outras palavras.

A inferência da questão 4 é possível por estar em conformidade com o trecho (linhas:1 a 4):

• "[...] On a visit to Beirut during the terrible civil war of 1975-1976 a French journalist wrote regretfully of the gutted downtown area that “it had once seemed to belong to the 4 Orient of "Chateaubriand and Nerval"."
• Em uma visita a Beirute durante a terrível guerra civil de 1975-1976, um jornalista francês escreveu COM PESAR sobre o centro da cidade devastado que “uma vez parecia pertencer ao Oriente de Chateaubriand e Nerval”

➭ REGRETFULLY = used to talk about a situation that you wish was different. – synonym REGRETTABLY – LAMENTAVELMENTE, COM PESAR.

02 – (CESPE/CEBRASPE-2016-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ªFASE)

➭     Gabarito -  ECCX   

Considering the grammatical and semantic aspects of text I, decide whether the following items are right (C) or wrong (E).

1 The word "Orientalist" (R.49) could be correctly replaced by Orientalists.

➭ STYLE OF QUESTION = VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR. 

➭ ERRADA – porque contextualmente, "Orientalist" funciona como ADJETIVO e sabemos que, em inglês, os adjetivos não se flexionam.

Mas você pode perguntar: por que "Orientalist" é adjetivo no contexto?

Vamos ao trecho:

• Out of that closeness, whose dynamic is enormously productive even if it always demonstrates the comparatively greater strength of the Occident (British, French, or American), comes the large body of texts I call Orientalist.

2 The texts defined by E. W. Said as Orientalist, albeit numerous, always suggest the Occident's superiority.

(Os textos são definidos por E. W. Said como orientalistas, ainda que numerosos, sempre sugerem a superioridade do Ocidente.)

➭ STYLE OF QUESTION = INFERENCE QUESTION (....suggest the...).

➭ O gabarito oficial é CORRETA, no entanto, consideramos a questão ERRADA por motivo explicado a seguir. 

➭ ERRADA – O autor usa o verbo TO DEMONSTRATE (to show or prove something clearly) que carrega um sentido semântico diferente do verbo TO SUGGEST (to make someone think that a particular thing is true) utilizado na questão.

• “[...] Out of that closeness, whose dynamic is enormously productive even if it always demonstrates the comparatively greater strength of the Occident (British, French, or American), comes the large body of texts I call Orientalist.”
• Fora dessa proximidade, cuja dinâmica é enormemente produtiva, mesmo que sempre DEMONSTRE a força comparativamente maior do Ocidente (britânico, francês ou americano), vem o grande corpo de textos que chamo de orientalistas.

3 The adjective "remarkable" (R.8) could be replaced by significant or uncanny in the context of the text.

4 The expression "coming to terms with" (R.17) could be replaced by assimilating, without altering the meaning of the sentence.

03 – (CESPE/CEBRASPE-2016-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ªFASE)

➭     Gabarito -  CCCE   

According to text I, decide whether the following statements are right (C) or wrong (E).

1 The notion of Orientalism, which the author intends to investigate, is built upon a volume of written texts throughout the centuries.

2 The Orient has taken part in molding the contemporary European experience.

3 The British and French tradition of Orientalism is forged through the colonial experience and academic corpora.

4 Presently, America situates itself in a different position towards the Orient, regarding British and French perspectives.

04 – (CESPE/CEBRASPE-2016-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ªFASE)

➭     Gabarito -  CCXE   

In text I, without altering the meaning of the sentence, the noun "realms" (R.35) could be replaced by (mark right — C — or wrong — E):

1 spheres.
2 domains.
3 grounds.
4 divisions.

➧ TEXT II:

05 – (CESPE/CEBRASPE-2016-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ªFASE)

➭     Gabarito -  ECCC   

Considering the ideas and the vocabulary of text II, decide whether the statements below are right (C) or wrong (E).

1 The word "ineluctability" (R.13) is synonymous with
questionability.

2 The expression "sleight of hand" (R.14) carries the notion of skilful deception.

3 The author asserts that, even though "space" is an extension to be travelled, it is nowadays intertwined with the notion of time.

4 The adjective "coeval" (R.19) could be replaced by coetaneous without changing the meaning of the sentence.

06 – (CESPE/CEBRASPE-2016-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ªFASE)

➭     Gabarito -  XXCE   

Decide whether the statements below, concerning the ideas and the vocabulary of text II, are right (C) or wrong (E).

1 The social and political consequences of the definition of globalisation are that some countries may be regarded as delayed in their historic progression.

2 The phrase "obliterates the multiplicities" (R.22) can be replaced by removes diversities, without changing the meaning of the sentence.

3 In the text, the adjective "totemic" (R.26) is the same as emblematic.

4 Globalisation, as a project, intends to respect and promote different futures and dynamics for different countries.

➧ TEXT III:

07 – (CESPE/CEBRASPE-2016-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ªFASE)

➭     Gabarito -  EEEC   

Decide whether the following statements, concerning the grammatical and semantic aspects of text III, are right (C) or wrong (E).

1 Both the author of the book itself and the reviewer agree that African countries should not have had their independence determined by outside forces.

2 Most publications tend to propose explanations for the situation of African and Asian countries in a generalised form.

3 If “yardstick” (R.2) is replaced by criterion in the text, it would be necessary to change the preposition following it — “of” — in order to maintain grammatical accuracy.

4 The author of the review blames the problems of Englebert’s book mostly on his search for a single answer for the issues concerning African countries.

08 – (CESPE/CEBRASPE-2016-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ªFASE)

➭     Gabarito -  CECC   

The statements below are about the ideas of text III and the vocabulary used in it.

Decide whether those statements are right (C) or wrong (E).

1 The author of the review understands the problems of the African continent as a more complex issue.

2 The word “myriad” (R.21) is synonymous with intricate.

3 Englebert’s experience in the eastern Congo is paradigmatic for the elaboration of his thesis.

4 The noun “constraints” (R.6) could be correctly replaced by limitations.

➧ TEXT IV:

09 – (CESPE/CEBRASPE-2016-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ªFASE)

➭     Gabarito -  ECCE   

Considering the content of text IV,

decide whether the following statements are right (C) or wrong (E).

1 US educational and cultural exchange programs have been in place for over sixty years.

2 The US information programs abroad started operating due to an ambassador’s complaint.

3 The basic instruments of public diplomacy have practically remained the same.

4 Public diplomacy programs still remain disconnected across government agencies.

10 – (CESPE/CEBRASPE-2016-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ªFASE)

➭     Gabarito -  CEEE   

Decide whether the statements below are right (C) or wrong (E) according to the ideas and information of text IV.

1 Integration is bigger than any other internal change.

2 Public diplomacy programs have long been integrated into the Department of State.

3 Public diplomacy officers serve either in the Department’s regional and functional bureaus or in public affairs sections of the embassy.

4 The flow of information has been slowing its pace for years.

11 – (CESPE/CEBRASPE-2016-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ªFASE)

➭     Gabarito -  EEEC   

In text IV the expression “deferred gratification” (R.5) could be replaced, without changing of meaning, by (decide whether the items below are right — C — or wrong — E):1 expected gratification.

2 generous expectation.
3 paid-off expectation.
4 put-off gratification.

➧ TEXT V: V

12 – (CESPE/CEBRASPE-2016-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ªFASE)

➭     Gabarito -  ECEC   

Based on text V, decide whether the statements below are right (C) or wrong (E).

1 There has never been any conflict between members of WTO.
2 Trade disputes can be categorized into at least three facets.
3 Friendly nations are those ones which belong to WTO.
4 The majority of international trade is carried out free of difficulties.

13 – (CESPE/CEBRASPE-2016-DIPLOMATA-CACD-1ªFASE)

➭     Gabarito -  EECC   

Decide whether the following statements are right (C) or wrong (E) according to text V.

1 Disputes on international issues neither demand the intervention of diplomats nor of technical trade experts.

2 Never before has there been a dispute between the US Government and BP.

3 The main company involved in the Macondo accident is, just by chance, based in UK.

4 Intergovernmental differences of substance are not involved in the case.

CEBRASPE/2016–TCE/PR–ANALISTA–LÍNGUA INGLESA–GABARITO, TEXTO TRADUZIDO & AQUISIÇÃO DE VOCABULÁRIO.

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❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:

• CEBRASPE-2016-TRIBUNAL DE CONTAS-PARANÁ-ANALISTA DE TI-11/09/2016.

cebraspe.org.br

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

• 4 MCQs (Multiple Choice Question) / 5 Options Each Question.

PROVA, TRADUÇÃO, GABARITO & MUITO VOCABULÁRIO

❑ TEXTO:

1) ALTHOUGH (seguido de sujeito + verbo) - embora.

2) AS WE GET DRAGGED - Á medida que nos envolvemos em...

3) AT STAKE ( = in danger of being lost) - em jogo, em perigo de se perder.

* With so much at stake, we can't afford to make mistakes. – Com tanto (dinheiro) em jogo, não podemos nos dar ao luxo de cometer erros.

4) COMES FROM THE GREEK MEANING - comes from the Greek meaning - vem do significado grego...

5) COMMUNICATION - é o compartilhamento, o recebimento e a interpretação de mensagens.

* Faceless digital communication regimes - sistemas de comunicação digital sem rosto.

6) COMMUNICATIONS - são o meios técnicos de comunicação pelos quais uma mensagem é difundida, especialmente por telefones, rádio, computadores, etc. ou estradas e ferrovias.

* Communications technology - tecnologia dos meios técnicos de comunicação.

7) FROM ITS RATHER SIMPLE BEGINNINGS - Desde seu início bastante simples.

8) HAS ALSO SIMILARLY GROWN - também cresceu de forma similar.

9) IN TANDEM (= at the same time) - ao mesmo tempo, simultaneamente, em conjunto, funcionando  juntos ou acontecendo ao mesmo tempo.

* The two systems are designed to work in tandem. - Os dois sistemas são projetados para trabalhar em conjunto. [Oxford Dictionary]

10) JUST AS IN ITS EARLY DAYS - Assim como em seus primeiros dias.

11) PERSONAL SECURITY - segurança pessoal.

12) PROWESS (great skill at doing something) - proezas, grandes habilidades.

* Military prowess - Proeza miltar. [Longman Dictionary]

* Academic/sporting prowess - Proeza acadêmica/esportiva. [Oxford Dictionary]

13) REGIME (1) - regime, um método ou sistema de governo.

14) REGIME (2) - sistema, um método ou sistema de organização.

15) SECRET WRITING - escrita secreta.

16) TO DRAG INTO - envolver-se em uma discussão, guerra ou outra situação desagradável.

* I’m sorry to drag you into this mess. - Lamento envolvê-lo nesta confusão. 

17) TO PREDATE - preceder, anteceder, ter existido ou acontecido antes de outra coisa:

18) UNLESS (EXCEPT IF) - exceto se, a menos que. Transmite ideia de CONDIÇÃO.

19) VERY (adjective) - próprio, própria.

* Those were his very words. - Essas foram suas próprias palavras.

➧ TEXTO: Text 8A5AAA

Although the basic concepts of cryptography predate the Greeks, the present word cryptography, used to describe the art of secret communication, comes from the Greek meaning “secret writing”. From its rather simple beginnings, cryptography has grown in tandem with technology and its importance has also similarly grown. Just as in its early days, good cryptographic prowess still wins wars.

As we get dragged more and more into the new information society, faceless digital communication regimes are guaranteeing neither information and personal security nor personal privacy. The technological and communications revolution has further resulted in massive global surveillance of millions of individuals by either their governments or private companies; the fight for personal privacy has never been any fiercer, and the integrity and confidentiality of data have become more urgent than ever before. The security and trust of digital transaction systems have become of critical importance as more and more organizations and businesses join the e-commerce train. The very future of global commerce is at stake in this new information society unless the security of e-commerce can be guaranteed.

Cryptography is being increasingly used to fight off this massive invasion of individual privacy and security, to guarantee data integrity and confidentiality, and to bring trust

in global e-commerce. Cryptography has become the main tool for providing the needed digital security in the modern digital communication medium that far exceeds the kind of security that was offered by any medium before it.

Joseph Migga Kiza. Cryptography. In: Computer network

security. Chattanooga: Springer, 2005, p. 257-8 (adapted).

01 – (CESPE-CEBRASPE-2016-TCE/PR)

Text 8A5AAA shows that cryptography has

(A) provided more safety in digital communication than any other tool.

(B) been widely traded in global e-commerce.

(C) been entirely despised since the ancient Greeks.

(D) become key in face-to-face communication.

(E) been used against the invasion of individual privacy.

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

02– (CESPE-CEBRASPE-2016-TCE/PR)

Text 8A5AAA states that digital communication regimes in the new information society

(A) are marked by too many secrets.

(B) are aimed to arouse surveillance.

(C) fail in providing personal security.

(D) sneer integrity and confidentiality.

(E) gave birth to cryptography.

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

03 – (CESPE-CEBRASPE-2016-TCE/PR)

It can be said from text 8A5AAA that cryptography and technology have

(A) been created by Greeks.

(B) developed together.

(C) grown in irrelevance.

(D) been used to win wars.

(E) had simple beginnings.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

04 – (CESPE-CEBRASPE-2016-TCE/PR)

In text 8A5AAA, the word “unless” (R.20) conveys the idea of

(A) addition.

(B) condition.

(C) comparison.

(D) contrast.

(E) purpose.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

CEBRASPE – 2016 – TCE/SC – AUDITOR – LÍNGUA INGLESA – CONCURSO PÚBLICO – TRIBUNAL DE CONTAS DO ESTADO DE SANTA CATARINA – PROVA COM GABARITO.

Welcome back to another post!

➧ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: CESPE-CEBRASPE-2016-TCE/SC-AUDITOR-29/05/2016.

➧ BANCA/ORGANIZADOR:

➧ PADRÃO/COMPOSIÇÃO DA PROVA: 06 Questões do tipo (C) ou (E).

➧ GABARITO:

01-E, 02-C, 03-C

04-E, 05-E, 06-E

➧ VOCABULÁRIO:

[to team up = "juntar-se"]

[state-of-the-art technologies = "tecnologia de ponta", "tecnologia de última geração", "tecnologia davançada" e não quer dizer que tenha um "toque artístico".] 

[a required component = "um componente necessário"]
[a longstanding matter = "uma questão de longa data"]
[an outdated issue (ênNáutêiré-Ríxiu) = "uma questão ultrapassada"]
[database management systems = "sistemas de gestão de banco de dados."]

[also known as (ÓlsôuNôun-éz) ➜ "também conhecido como..."]
*A pronúncia de "as" é (éz), não é (éssi).
[concurrency="simultaneidade"]
[Prefixo "Fore" transmite → IDEIA DE ANTECEDÊNCIA]

➦ "to realize" é sinônimo de "to perceive" (perceber).

➦ O verbo "to accomplish" é sinônimo de

➜ O verbo to perform (realizar).
➦"REALIZE não significa realizar".

➦"ACCOMPLISH significa  realizar".  

➧ TEXTO: Text CB3A1AAA

Like humans, computers can team up with their peers to achieve results that none of them could obtain alone; unlike humans, they can do many activities at once, and do all of them well. In spite of that, passé debates on this issue have implicitly assumed that computation is mostly sequential — proceeds along a single thread of control. Software developers should now realize that this assumption no longer holds, as we move to concurrent (also known as parallel) computation.

Concurrency is not a new subject, but for a long time interest in it remained confined to four application areas: operating systems, networking, implementation of database management systems, and high-speed scientific software. Although strategic and prestigious, these tasks involve only a small subset of the software development community. Things have changed. Concurrency is quickly becoming a required component of just about every type of application, including some that had traditionally been thought of as fundamentally sequential in nature.

This advancement gives particular urgency to the study and review of various forms of concurrency; the evolution of Computer Science requires software developers to make concurrency part of their mindset. And it is not simply the traditional concepts of multiprocessing and multiprogramming, the past few years have introduced state-of-the-art technologies, such as remote execution through the Net.

Bertrand Meyer. Concurrency, distribution, client-server and the Internet. In: Object-oriented software construction. 2th ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall PTR, 2009, p. 951-3 (adapted).

Judge the following items according to the text CB3A1AAA.

01. The author of the text claims that concurrent computation is an outdated issue.

02. Even some applications once seen as sequential are now demanding concurrent computation.

03. Software construction professionals must be acquainted with concurrency quickly.

04. In spite of being a longstanding matter, concurrent computation has been used just by professionals who implement database management systems.

In the text CB3A1AAA,

05. "state-of-the-art technologies" (R.25) are advanced technologies, developed with an artistic touch.

06. the verb "realize" (R.7) can be replaced by accomplish without any change in the meaning of the sentence.