Mostrando postagens com marcador CEBRASPE. Mostrar todas as postagens
Mostrando postagens com marcador CEBRASPE. Mostrar todas as postagens

sábado, 19 de outubro de 2019

UnB–VESTIBULAR–2019–UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA–COLLEGE ENTRANCE EXAMINATION, ANSWERS & LEXICAL APPROACH.

www.inglesparaconcursos.blog.br

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:
 UnB-VESTIBULAR-2019-UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA.

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:
 28 True False Questions.
 02 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 4 Options Each Question.


 PROVA:
TEXTO 1:
1
How can we ever change the world? Military leaders have certainly managed to change large parts of it; scientists devising cures and vaccines for disease can spread a more benign influence across whole continents; the thoughts of religious leaders or philosophers can sweep through generations like fire. But books?
2
Reading books is generally a solitary pastime: bookishness is the very antithesis of the man-of-action qualities that seem to shake the world. The pen may boast of being mightier than the sword, but it is generally the sword that wins in the short term. It is that phrase, though, which gives the game away: in the short term, writers can be imprisoned or executed, their work censored, and their books burned, but over history, it is books and the ideas expressed within them that have transformed the world.
3
But which books can be said to have changed the world? There are few better ways of starting an argument than producing a list, and I have no doubt that not everyone will be happy about the books I included in my list. About some, like the Bible, Shakespeare’s First Folio and Darwin’s On the Origin of Species, there can be little argument - but what about Euclid’s Elements, Thomas Paine’s Rights of Man or A Vindication of the Rights of Women by Mary Wollstonecraft? The answer is that any list can only be subjective.
Andrew Taylor. Books that changed the world
the 50 most influential books in human history.
Quercus Editions, 2014 (adapted).
Judge the following items according to the text presented.
1 For the author, history shows that books are effective in changing the world.
2 In the first paragraph, the text states that military actions, scientific development, religious beliefs, and philosophical thoughts have less influence on the world than books.
3 In the second paragraph, the author answers the question "But books?" (ℓ.6) by explaining why books and words change the world.
4 The examples of books mentioned in the third paragraph are limited to religious and political ones.
5 The word "mightier" (ℓ.10) expresses a comparison and could be correctly replaced by more powerful.
6 In lines 7 to 9, the author presents two widely accepted views which are not always true: one regarding the habit of reading books and one about the kind of people who are believed to be able to change the world.
7 The passage "gives the game away"(ℓ.12) can be correctly replaced by reveals the real truth.
👉 Questão-Item  1 
For the author, history shows that books are effective in changing the world.
(Para o autor, a história mostra que os livros são eficazes para mudar o mundo.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Correta 
TÓPICO - INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
• Item (1) alinhado com o 2º parágrafo:
"[...] It is that phrase, though, which gives the game away: in the short term, writers can be imprisoned or executed, their work censored, and their books burned, but over history, it is books and the ideas expressed within them that have transformed the world."
(É essa frase, no entanto, que revela a verdade real: a curto prazo, os escritores podem ser presos ou executados, seus trabalhos censurados e seus livros queimados, mas, ao longo da história, são os livros e as idéias expressas neles que têm transformado o mundo.)
👉 Questão-Item  2 
In the first paragraph, the text states that military actions, scientific development, religious beliefs, and philosophical thoughts have less influence on the world than books.
(No 1º parágrafo, o texto afirma que ações militares, desenvolvimento científico, crenças religiosas e pensamentos filosóficos têm menos influência no mundo do que livros.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Errada 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL:
• Não há menção à influência dos livros, no 1º parágrafo:
"[...] How can we ever change the world? Military leaders have certainly managed to change large parts of it; scientists devising cures and vaccines for disease can spread a more benign influence across whole continents; the thoughts of religious leaders or philosophers can sweep through generations like fire. But books?"
(Como podemos mudar o mundo? Os líderes militares certamente conseguiram mudar grande parte dele; os cientistas que planejam curas e vacinas para doenças podem espalhar uma influência mais benigna em continentes inteiros; os pensamentos de líderes religiosos ou filósofos podem varrer gerações como o fogo. Mas, os livros?)
👉 Questão-Item  3 
In the second paragraph, the author answers the question "But books?" by explaining why books and words change the world.
(No segundo parágrafo, o autor responde à pergunta "Mas livros?", ao explicar por que livros e palavras mudam o mundo.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Errada 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL:
• O texto menciona que livros e ideias mudam o mundo e não livros e palavras, veja:
  • "[...] in the short term, writers can be imprisoned or executed, their work censored, and their books burned, but over history, it is books and the ideas expressed within them that have transformed the world."
  • a curto prazo, os escritores podem ser presos ou executados, seus trabalhos censurados e seus livros queimados, mas, ao longo da história, são os livros e as ideias expressas dentro deles que transformaram o mundo.
👉 Questão-Item  4 
The examples of books mentioned in the third paragraph are limited to religious and political ones.
(Os exemplos de livros mencionados no terceiro parágrafo são limitados aos religiosos e políticos.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Errada 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL:
• Além de livros políticos e religiosos, há a citação de Shakespeare e Darwin.
👉 Questão-Item  5 
The word "mightier" expresses a comparison and could be correctly replaced by more powerful.
(A palavra MIGHTIER(mais poderoso) expressa uma comparação e pode ser substituída corretamente por mais poderosa.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Correta 
TÓPICO - ADJECTIVE: Comparativo de superioridade.:
• mightier → more powerful.
  • "[...] The pen may boast of being mightier than the sword, but it is generally the sword that wins in the short term."
  • A caneta pode se orgulhar de ser mais poderosa que a espada, mas geralmente é a espada que vence no curto prazo.
👉 Questão-Item  6 
In lines 7 to 9, the author presents two widely accepted views which are not always true: one regarding the habit of reading books and one about the kind of people who are believed to be able to change the world.
(Nas linhas 7 a 9, o autor apresenta duas visões amplamente aceitas, que nem sempre são verdadeiras: uma sobre o hábito de ler livros e outra sobre o tipo de pessoa que se acredita capaz de mudar o mundo.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Errada 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL:
• Nas linhas 7 a 9 não há menção de visões amplamente (widely) aceitas.
• Outro detalhe, o verbo TO SEEM(parecer) não expressa a ideia enfática do TO BELIEVE(acreditar) utilizado no item.
  • "[...] Reading books is generally a solitary pastime: bookishness is the very antithesis of the man-of-action qualities that seem to shake the world."
  • A leitura de livros geralmente é um passatempo solitário: a livresidade é a própria antítese das qualidades do homem de ação que parecem abalar o mundo. 
👉 Questão-Item  7 
The passage "gives the game away" can be correctly replaced by reveals the real truth.
(A passagem "gives the game away"(denunciar o jogo, revelar a verdade) pode ser corretamente substituída por 'revela a verdade real'.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Correta 
TÓPICO - IDIOM: give the game away → revelar a verdade :
• A expressão idiomática GIVE THE GAME AWAY transmite a ideia de "revelar uma verdade real", "revelar uma informação que é sigilosa".
• Em português , temos uma expressão semelhante bem própria nossa que é "Bater com a língua nos dentes". No entanto, no idioma inglês a expressão 'to give the game away' pode ser substituída por outra com significado semelhante, como por exemplo 'let the cat out of the bag'.
 No texto:
  • "[...] It is that phrase, though, which gives the game away: in the short term, writers can be imprisoned or executed, their work censored, and their books burned, but over history, it is books and the ideas expressed within them that have transformed the world."
  • É essa frase, no entanto, que revela a verdade real: a curto prazo, os escritores podem ser presos ou executados, seus trabalhos censurados e seus livros queimados, mas, ao longo da história, são os livros e as ideias expressas neles que têm transformado o mundo.)

TEXTO 2:
(...)
If the economy of the nineteenth-century world was formed mainly under the influence of the British Industrial Revolution,  its politics and ideology were formed mainly by the French. Britain provided the model for  its railways and factories, the economic explosive which cracked open the traditional economic and social structures of the non-European world; but France made its revolutions and gave them their ideas, to the point where a tricolour flag of some kind became the emblem of virtually every emerging nation, and European (or indeed world) politics between 1789 and 1917 were largely the struggle for and against the principles of 1789.

France provided the vocabulary and the issues of liberal and radical-democratic politics for most of the world. France provided the first great example, the concept and the vocabulary of nationalism. France provided the codes of law, the model of scientific and technical organization, the metric system of measurement for most countries. The ideology of the modern world first penetrated the ancient civilizations which had until then resisted European ideas through French influence. This was the work of the French Revolution.
(HOBSBAWM, Eric. The Age of Revolution: 1789-1848. London: Abacus, 2007, pp. 73-74, adapted.)
(...)
Judge the following items based on the text presented above.
8 The Industrial Revolution is mentioned to emphasize the relevance of the French Revolution, the text's main topic.
9 The French Revolution was an important element in the dissemination of European ideals around the world.
10 The French Revolution changed not only political structures but also the language used to refer to politics.
11 The text would still be correct and coherent if the second paragraph began like this: Still, France provided.
12 The pronoun "its", in lines 3, 4, and 7, refers to "the British Industrial Revolution" (ℓ. 2 and 3).
13 In line 5, "cracked open" can be correctly replaced by revealed.
14 The expression "the principles of 1789" (ℓ.12) means the principles of the French Revolution.
👉 Questão-Item  8 
The Industrial Revolution is mentioned to emphasize the relevance of the French Revolution, the text's main topic.
(A Revolução Industrial é mencionada para enfatizar a relevância da Revolução Francesa, o principal tópico do texto.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Correta 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL:
 No texto:
"[...] Britain provided the model for its railways and factories, the economic explosive which cracked open the traditional economic and social structures of the non-European world; but France made its revolutions and gave them their ideas, to the point where a tricolour flag of some kind became the emblem of virtually every emerging nation, and European (or indeed world) politics between 1789 and 1917 were largely the struggle for and against the principles of 1789."
(A Grã-Bretanha forneceu o modelo para suas ferrovias e fábricas, o explosivo econômico que abriu as estruturas econômicas e sociais tradicionais do mundo não europeu; mas a França fez suas revoluções e deu a elas suas idéias, a ponto de uma espécie de bandeira tricolor se tornar o emblema de praticamente todas as nações emergentes, e as políticas européias (ou mesmo mundiais) entre 1789 e 1917 foram em grande parte a luta a favor e contra o princípios de 1789.)
👉 Questão-Item  9 
The French Revolution was an important element in the dissemination of European ideals around the world.
(A Revolução Francesa foi um elemento importante na disseminação dos ideais europeus em todo o mundo.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Correta 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
 No texto:
"[...] Britain provided the model for its railways and factories, the economic explosive which cracked open the traditional economic and social structures of the non-European world; but France made its revolutions and gave them their ideas, to the point where a tricolour flag of some kind became the emblem of virtually every emerging nation, and European (or indeed world) politics between 1789 and 1917 were largely the struggle for and against the principles of 1789."
(A Grã-Bretanha forneceu o modelo para suas ferrovias e fábricas, o explosivo econômico que abriu as estruturas econômicas e sociais tradicionais do mundo não europeu; mas a França fez suas revoluções e deu a elas suas idéias, a ponto de uma espécie de bandeira tricolor se tornar o emblema de praticamente todas as nações emergentes, e as políticas européias (ou mesmo mundiais) entre 1789 e 1917 foram em grande parte a luta a favor e contra o princípios de 1789.)
👉 Questão-Item  10 
The French Revolution changed not only political structures but also the language used to refer to politics.
(A Revolução Francesa mudou não apenas estruturas políticas, mas também a linguagem usada para se referir à política.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Correta 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
 No texto:
"[...] France provided the vocabulary and the issues of liberal and radical-democratic politics for most of the world."
(A França forneceu o vocabulário e as questões da política liberal e democrática radical para a maior parte do mundo.)
👉 Questão-Item  11 
The text would still be correct and coherent if the second paragraph began like this: Still, France provided.
(O texto ainda estaria correto e coerente se o segundo parágrafo começasse assim: Ainda assim, a França forneceu.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Errada 
TÓPICO - Uso do STILL como conjunção adversativa :
 O vocábulo STILL, presente no item (Still, France Provided), funciona como CONJUNÇÃO ADVERSATIVA, sinônimo de DESPITE, THOUGH que expressam a ideia de contraste e não de adição, como está presente no segundo parágrafo.
"[...] France provided the vocabulary and the issues of liberal and radical-democratic politics for most of the world."
(A França forneceu o vocabulário e as questões da política liberal e democrática radical para a maior parte do mundo.)
👉 Questão-Item  12 
The pronoun "its", in lines 3, 4, and 7, refers to "the British Industrial Revolution" (ℓ. 2 and 3).
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Errada 
TÓPICO - PRONOME e o seu REFERENCIADO :
• Na linha 3: ITS → "the British Industrial Revolution".
• Na linha 4: ITS → "Britain".
• Na linha 7: ITS → "France".
Veja:
"[...] If the economy of the nineteenth-century world was formed mainly under the influence of the British Industrial Revolution, its politics and ideology were formed mainly by the French."
"[...] Britain provided the model for its railways
and factories,"
"[...] but France made its revolutions and
gave them their ideas,"
👉 Questão-Item  13 
In line 5, "cracked open" can be correctly replaced by revealed.
(Na linha 5, "cracked open" pode ser substituído corretamente por revelado.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Correta 
TÓPICO - EXPRESSÃO IDIOMÁTICA: crack open :
• IDEIA CONTEXTUAL da expressão CRACK OPEN:
"[...] Britain provided the model for  its railways and factories, the economic explosive which cracked open the traditional economic and social structures of the non-European world;"
(A Grã-Bretanha forneceu o modelo para suas ferrovias e fábricas, o explosivo econômico que abriu as tradicionais estruturas econômicas e sociais do mundo não europeu;)
👉 Questão-Item  14 
The expression "the principles of 1789" (ℓ.12) means the principles of the French Revolution.
(A expressão "os princípios de 1789" (§12) significa os princípios da Revolução Francesa.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Errado 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
• IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: A expressão the principles of 1789 refere-se  ➝ aos próprios princípios europeus.
"[...] but France made its revolutions and gave them their ideas, to the point where a tricolour flag of some kind became the emblem of virtually every emerging nation, and European (or indeed world) politics between 1789 and 1917 were largely the struggle for and against the principles of 1789."
(mas a França fez suas revoluções e deu-lhes suas ideias, a ponto de uma bandeira tricolor de algum tipo se tornar o emblema de praticamente todas as nações emergentes, e a política europeia (ou mesmo mundial) entre 1789 e 1917 foi em grande parte a luta a favor e contra os princípios de 1789.)
TEXTO 3:
POEMA
Dare to believe
the whispers in your ears,
that you might be special,
that you might be meaningful,
that one day
you might change the world.
It’s us you see
the ones who listen
that will change everything.
Atticus. Dare to believe. Internet: <www.theodysseyonline.com> (adapted)
Judge the following items about the poem above.
15 From the text, it is correct to infer that, at least for some people, believing that they are special demands courage.
16 The text would be correct and have the same meaning if the verb "might" were replaced by may or by can in lines 3, 4, and 6.
17 The author admits in the text that he is one of the people who will change things when he writes "It's us you see" (ℓ.7).
18 If the second line of the poem were omitted, the result would be a less poetical but grammatically correct text: Dare to believe that you might be special...
👉 Questão-Item  15 
From the text, it is correct to infer that, at least for some people, believing that they are special demands courage.
(A partir do texto, é correto inferir que, pelo menos para algumas pessoas, acreditar que eles são especiais, exige coragem.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Correta 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL:
• IDEIA CONTEXTUAL:
"[...] Dare to believe the whispers in your ears, that you might be special, that you might be meaningful, that one day you might change the world."
(Ouse acreditar nos sussurros em seus ouvidos, que você pode ser especial, que você pode ser significativo, que um dia você pode mudar o mundo.)
👉 Questão-Item  16 
The text would be correct and have the same meaning if the verb "might" were replaced by may or by can in lines 3, 4, and 6.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Correta 
TÓPICO - USO DO MODAL SINÔNIMO TEXTUAL:
• IDEIA CONTEXTUAL de POSSIBILIDADE : can, may ou might.
"[...] Dare to believe the whispers in your ears, that you might be special, that you might be meaningful, that one day you might change the world."
(Ouse acreditar nos sussurros em seus ouvidos, que você pode ser especial, que você pode ser significativo, que um dia você pode mudar o mundo.)
👉 Questão-Item  17 
The author admits in the text that he is one of the people who will change things when he writes "It's us you see".
(O autor admite no texto que ele é uma das pessoas que mudará as coisas quando escreve "Somos nós , entende")
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Correta 
TÓPICO - :
• IDEIA CONTEXTUAL:.
"[...] It’s us you see, the ones who listen that will change everything."
(Somos nós, entende, aqueles que ouvem que vão mudar tudo.)
👉 Questão-Item  18 
If the second line of the poem were omitted, the result would be a less poetical but grammatically correct text: Dare to believe that you might be special...
(Se a segunda linha do poema fosse omitida, o resultado seria um texto menos poético, mas gramaticalmente correto: ouse acreditar que você pode ser especial ...)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Correta 
TÓPICO - USO DO MODAL SINÔNIMO TEXTUAL:
•IDEIA CONTEXTUAL:.
TEXTO 4:
(...)
UNICEF. Comics uniting nations: heroes for change.
Internet: <www.developmenteducation.ie> (adapted).
Judge the following items about the ideas and linguistic aspects of the text.
19 The text is designed to convince its readers that the world can be changed by force of individual actions of each of its inhabitants.
20 If the first sentence of the text were rewritten as The best thing on the whole planet is the billions of people who inhabit it., the text would still be grammatically correct.
21 According to the text, a hero is someone who can imagine a better world, where people’s human rights are guaranteed.
22 One of the points of the text is to show that there is no problem or challenge that people cannot solve or overcome if they have a plan.
👉 Questão-Item  19 
The text is designed to convince its readers that the world can be changed by force of individual actions of each of its inhabitants.
(O texto foi projetado para convencer seus leitores de que o mundo pode ser mudado pela força de ações individuais de cada um de seus habitantes.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Errada  
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL :
➽IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: O texto objetiva convencer que o mundo pode ser mudado por ações conjuntas.
👉 Questão-Item  20 
If the first sentence of the text were rewritten as The best thing on the whole planet is the billions of people who inhabit it., the text would still be grammatically correct.
(Se a primeira frase do texto fosse reescrita como A melhor coisa em todo o planeta são os bilhões de pessoas que o habitam., O texto ainda estaria gramaticalmente correto.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Correta 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL :
➽IDEIA CONTEXTUAL:.
👉 Questão-Item  21 
According to the text, a hero is someone who can imagine a better world, where people's human rights are guaranteed.
(Segundo o texto, um herói é alguém que pode imaginar um mundo melhor, onde os direitos humanos das pessoas são garantidos.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Errada 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL :
•IDEIA: O item define herói (hero) de modo distinto do texto, que é definido por meio de suas ações, e não de ações imaginárias.
👉 Questão-Item  22 
One of the points of the text is to show that there is no problem or challenge that people cannot solve or overcome if they have a plan.
(Um dos pontos do texto é mostrar que não há problema ou desafio que as pessoas não possam resolver ou superar se elas tiverem um plano.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Correta 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL :
➽IDEIA: 
TEXTO 5:
Women who changed the world
Text I: Marie Curie
Marie Curie
Born in Warsaw, Marie Curie became the first woman Professor of General Physics in the Faculty of Sciences at the Sorbonne (Paris) in 1906. She had Masters Degrees in both physics and mathematical sciences and was the first woman to obtain a Doctor of Science degree. Madame Curie was also the first person to win two Nobel Prizes. The first was in Physics in 1903, with her husband, Pierre Curie, and Henri Becquerel, for their study in spontaneous radiation. The second was in Chemistry in 1911 for her work in radioactivity.
(...)
Text II: Rigoberta Menchú Tum
An indigenous Guatemalan woman of the K’iche’ branch of the Mayan culture, Rigoberta Menchú has dedicated her life to promoting the rights of indigenous peoples. She became active in the women’s rights movement as a teenager and later was a prominent workers’ rights advocate. In 1992 she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in recognition of her work for social justice and ethno-cultural reconciliation for indigenous peoples in Guatemala and is the first indigenous person to receive the prize.
(...)
Text III: Malala Yousafzai
Malala Yousafzai is a Pakistani advocate for girls education and the youngest-ever Nobel Prize laureate. In 2009, when Malala was just eleven she began blogging about life under the Taliban, speaking out directly against their threats to close girls’ schools. The blog on BBC Urdu garnered international attention while also making her the target of death threats. In October 2012, a gunman shot her and two other girls as they were coming home from school. Malala survived the attack, and, in October 2014, she received the Nobel Peace Prize, along with Indian children’s rights activist Kailash Satyart.
Felicity Amos. 12 women who changed the world. Internet: <www.one.org> (adapted).
Judge the following items according to texts I, II and III.
23 The three women described in the texts had a common goal: fighting discrimination against women.
24 Marie Curie won two Nobel prizes due to her autonomous work with radiation.
25 It is correct to infer that Rigoberta Menchú was a woman whose main concern was the welfare of indigenous peoples in her country.
 26 In texts II and III, the word "advocate" indicates that both Rigoberta and Malala were lawyers.
27 In text III, the expression "the youngest-ever Nobel Prize laureate" means that Malala was the youngest person to win the prize in the ceremony of 2014.
28 Malala's life was threatened because of her opinions and views against the Taliban.
👉 Questão-Item  23 
The three women described in the texts had a common goal: fighting discrimination against women.
(As três mulheres descritas nos textos tinham um objetivo comum: combater a discriminação contra as mulheres.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Errada 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL :
• O texto I fala que Marie Curies ganhou dois prêmios Nobel e não faz referência à luta contra a discriminação da mulher.
• Os textos II e III sim, fazem referência à luta contra a discriminação da mulher.
👉 Questão-Item  24 
Marie Curie won two Nobel prizes due to her autonomous work with radiation.
(Marie Curie ganhou dois prêmios Nobel por seu trabalho autônomo com radiação.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Errada 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL :
• O primeiro prêmio Nobel de Marie Curie envolve o marido dela(Pierre Curie) e Henri Becquerel.
👉 Questão-Item  25 
It is correct to infer that Rigoberta Menchú was a woman whose main concern was the welfare of indigenous peoples in her country.
(É correto inferir que Rigoberta Menchú era uma mulher cuja principal preocupação era o bem-estar dos povos indígenas em seu país.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Correta 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL :
• Rigoberta Menchú dedicou sua vida a promover os direitos dos povos indígenas.
"[...] Rigoberta Menchú has dedicated her life to promoting the rights of indigenous peoples."
👉 Questão-Item  26 
In texts II and III, the word "advocate" indicates that both Rigoberta and Malala were lawyers.
(Nos textos II e III, a palavra "advogado" indica que Rigoberta e Malala eram advogados.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Errada 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL :
• O vocábulo ADVOCATE é usada no sentido de encorajar, apoiar uma causa, e não advogar como profissão.
👉 Questão-Item  27 
In text III, the expression "the youngest-ever Nobel Prize laureate" means that Malala was the youngest person to win the prize in the ceremony of 2014.
(No texto III, a expressão "o mais jovem laureado com o Prêmio Nobel" significa que Malala foi a pessoa mais jovem a ganhar o prêmio na cerimônia de 2014.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Correta 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL :
• Malala Yousafzai é uma defensora paquistanesa da educação de meninas e a mais jovem já ganhadora(premiada) do Prêmio Nobel.
"[...] Malala Yousafzai is a Pakistani advocate for girls education and the youngest-ever Nobel Prize laureate."
👉 Questão-Item  28 
Malala's life was threatened because of her opinions and views against the Taliban..
(A vida de Malala foi ameaçada por causa de suas opiniões e pontos de vista contra o Talibã.)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito   Correta 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL :
• Veja no texto:
"[...] In 2009, when Malala was just eleven she began blogging about life under the Taliban, speaking out directly against their threats to close girls’ schools. The blog on BBC Urdu garnered international attention while also making her the target of death threats. In October 2012, a gunman shot her and two other girls as they were coming home from school. Malala survived the attack, and, in October 2014, she received the Nobel Peace Prize, along with Indian children’s rights activist Kailash Satyart."
(Em 2009, quando Malala tinha apenas onze anos, ela começou a blogar sobre a vida no regime talibã, falando diretamente contra suas ameaças de fechar escolas de meninas. O blog da BBC em Urdu chamou atenção internacional e a tornou alvo de ameaças de morte. Em outubro de 2012, um atirador atirou nela e em duas outras meninas quando voltavam da escola. Malala sobreviveu ao ataque e, em outubro de 2014, recebeu o Prêmio Nobel da Paz, juntamente com a ativista de direitos das crianças indianas Kailash Satyart.)
CARTOON: 1
Randy Glasbergen.
Internet: <www.weeklystorybook.com>
👉 Questão  29 :
In the cartoon above, the woman is complaining because
(A) the man does not like to change his socks.
(B) the man was a different person when they married.
(C) she thinks the man needs new and cleaner socks.
(D) she is happier when the man changes his socks.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
No cartoon acima, a mulher está reclamando porque
*Alternativa (A): o homem não gosta de trocar as meias.
*Alternativa (B): o homem era uma pessoa diferente quando se casaram.
*Alternativa (C): ela acha que o homem precisa de meias novas e mais limpas.
*Alternativa (D): ela fica mais feliz quando o homem troca as meias.
➦Tradução livre:
"25 years ago, you were going to change the world. Now l’m lucky if you change your socks."
(25 anos atrás, você ia mudar o mundo. Agora , sou sortuda se você mudar suas meias.
)
CARTOON: 2
(...)
Alex Hallatt. Arctic circle comics. June 30, 2013.
Internet: <www.arcticcirclecartoons.com> (adapted).
👉 Questão  30 :
The comic strip above is funny because
(A) it shows how global warming is affecting the life in the Arctic.
(B) the two characters don’t agree about what to do about global warming.
(C) the penguins don’t know how to deal with a changing world in a philosophical way.
(D) one of the penguins misunderstands the meaning of the sentence "We won't be here for long".
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
The comic strip above is funny because...
A história em quadrinhos acima é engraçada porque...
*Alternativa (A)
it shows how global warming is affecting the life in the Arctic.
(mostra como o aquecimento global está afetando a vida no Ártico.)
*Alternativa (B)the two characters don’t agree about what to do about global warming.
(os dois personagens não concordam sobre o que fazer com o aquecimento global.)
*Alternativa (C)the penguins don’t know how to deal with a changing world in a philosophical way.
(os pinguins não sabem como lidar com um mundo em mudança de uma maneira filosófica.)
*Alternativa (D)one of the penguins misunderstands the meaning of the sentence "We won't be here for long".)
(um dos pingüins entende mal o significado da frase "Não vamos ficar aqui por muito tempo".

quarta-feira, 16 de outubro de 2019

UnB–VESTIBULAR–2018–UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA–COLLEGE ENTRANCE EXAMINATION, ANSWERS & LEXICAL APPROACH.

www.inglesparaconcursos.blog.br

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:
 UnB-VESTIBULAR-2018-UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA.

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:
• 28 True False Questions.
 02 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 4 Options Each Question.


 PROVA:
TEXTO 1:
(...)
1
Guillermo del Toros's The Shape of Water is the latest meeting of the whimsical and the grotesque. The plot unfolds as follows: in the 1950s, Elisa is a cleaner at a military research laboratory, who happens also to be mute, which places her among other minorities without a say: there is her African-American colleague Zelda and her neighbour, the artist Giles, who is gay. The screenplay brings together the disenfranchised to save a fellow outcast. The amphibious monster kept captive at the lab doesn’t have a name, and his idea of a witty and humorous conversation is to roar in your face. But Elisa takes a shine to him. "When he looks at me, he doesn't know what I lack or how I am incomplete."
2
In this film watertight ideas fight for space with flawed ones. It begins with a dream sequence in which Elisa’s apartment is submerged. When the scene is repeated later for real, causing only a minor leak in the house below, the rational mind has too many objections (the floor would collapse!) for the fantasy to survive. An amphibious humanoid with magic powers we can believe, but a flooded apartment that is as good as new one scene later doesn’t stand up. There are other discrepancies too — like the sophisticated CCTV system in 1962, or the creature’s ability to wipe away the bulletholes in his own body, sealing up the wounds, ET-style.
Newstatesman, February 9th, 2018 (adapted)
(...)
Based on the text above, judge the following items.

1 "The plot unfolds as follows" (l. 2 and 3) can be correctly rewritten as This is the moral of the story.
2 The expression "without a say" (l.5) refers to the fact that Elisa can’t speak.
3 Elisa, Zelda, Giles and the monster share a common feature: they have all been deprived of power and marginalized.
4 In the text, the words "watertight" (l.14) and "flawed" (l.14) mean respectively incontestable and erroneous.
5 One weak point in the film is the real-life sequence of the submerged apartment.
6 According to the author, one of the strong points of the film is the way del Toro strikes a fair balance between watertight ideas and improbable ideas.
7 The effect on the spectator of the real-life scene of the submerged room is the destruction of the fantasy del Toro tried to create.
8 In the film the recreation of an early 1960s scientific laboratory was historically accurate.
9 According to the text, the monster in The Shape of Water shares many of the characteristics of the alien creature of the film ET.
10 The monster believes Elisa can complement him.
👉 Questão-Item  1-Errada :
"The plot unfolds as follows" (l. 2 and 3) can be correctly rewritten as This is the moral of the story.
("A trama se desenrola da seguinte maneira " pode ser reescrita corretamente como 'Esta é a moral da história'.)
TÓPICO-Expressões Contextuais:
• As expressões transmitem ideias diferentes e portanto não são intercambiáveis.
• "The plot unfolds as follows" transmite a ideia de "desenvolvimento de uma determinada trama".
"This is the moral of the story" transmite a ideia de "A moral da estória".
👉 Questão-Item  2-Errada :
The expression "without a say" (l.5) refers to the fact that Elisa can't speak.
(A expressão "é obvio" refere-se ao fato de Elisa não poder falar.)
• TÓPICO-Expressão Idiomática(without a say):
 A expressão idiomática "Without a say" quer dizer que a situação é clara, óbvia.
• Contextualmente, "Without a say" refere-se que todos os personagens mencionados na sequência são claramente parte de minorias.
"[...] The plot unfolds as follows: in the 1950s, Elisa is a cleaner at a military research laboratory, who happens also to be mute, which places her among other minorities without a say: there is her African-American colleague Zelda and her neighbour, the artist Giles, who is gay."
(A trama se desenrola da seguinte maneira: na década de 1950, Elisa é faxineira em um laboratório de pesquisa militar, que também é muda, o que a coloca entre outras minorias, é óbvio: há sua colega afro-americana Zelda e sua vizinha, a artista Giles, que é gay.)
👉 Questão-Item  3-Errada :
Elisa, Zelda, Giles and the monster share a common feature: they have all been deprived of power and marginalized.
(Elisa, Zelda, Giles e o monstro compartilham uma característica comum: todos foram privados de poder e marginalizados.)
• TÓPICO-Informação dentro do texto:
• O texto não faz menção que os personagens foram privados de seus poderes. Eles são considerados minorias.
👉 Questão-Item  4-Correta :
In the text, the words "watertight" (l.14) and "flawed" (l.14) mean respectively incontestable and erroneous.
(No texto, as palavras "watertight"(impermeável à água, inequívoco) e "flawed"(defeituoso, danificado) significam, respectivamente, incontestáveis e errôneas.)
 TÓPICO-Vocabulário Contextual Sinônimo:
• No texto:
"[...] In this film watertight ideas fight for space with flawed ones."
(Neste filme, as idéias incontestáveis lutam pelo espaço com as ideias errôneas.)
👉 Questão-Item  5-Correta :
One weak point in the film is the real-life sequence of the submerged apartment.
(Um ponto fraco do filme é a sequência da vida real do apartamento submerso.)
• TÓPICO-Informação dentro do texto:
• Item (5) alinhado com o 2º parágrafo:
"[...]  It begins with a dream sequence in which Elisa’s apartment is submerged. When the scene is repeated later for real, causing only a minor leak in the house below, the rational mind has too many objections (the floor would collapse!) for the fantasy to survive."
(Começa com uma sequência de sonhos em que o apartamento de Elisa está submerso. Quando a cena é repetida mais tarde de verdade, causando apenas um pequeno vazamento na casa abaixo, a mente racional tem muitas objeções (o chão entraria em colapso!) para a fantasia sobreviver.)
👉 Questão-Item  6-Correta :
According to the author, one of the strong points of the film is the way del Toro strikes a fair balance between watertight ideas and improbable ideas.
(Segundo o autor, um dos pontos fortes do filme é a maneira como del Toro consegue um equilíbrio justo entre idéias incontestáveis e idéias improváveis.)
👉 Questão-Item  7-Correta :
The effect on the spectator of the real-life scene of the submerged room is the destruction of the fantasy del Toro tried to create.
(O efeito no espectador da cena da vida real da sala submersa é a destruição da fantasia que del Toro tentou criar.)
👉 Questão-Item  8-Errada :
In the film the recreation of an early 1960s scientific laboratory was historically accurate.
(No filme, a recriação de um laboratório científico do início dos anos 1960 foi historicamente precisa.)
• TÓPICO-Informação dentro do texto:
• O texto expressa que o sistema de câmeras de segurança instalado no laboratório é incompatível com o ano de 1962.
"[...] There are other discrepancies too — like the sophisticated CCTV system in 1962, or the creature’s ability to wipe away the bulletholes in his own body, sealing up the wounds, ET-style."
(Também existem outras discrepâncias - como o sofisticado sistema de CFTV em 1962, ou a capacidade da criatura de limpar os buracos do próprio corpo, selando as feridas ao estilo ET.)
👉 Questão-Item  9-Errada :
According to the text, the monster in The Shape of Water shares many of the characteristics of the alien creature of the film ET.
(Segundo o texto, o monstro de The Shape of Water compartilha muitas das características da criatura alienígena do filme ET.)
• TÓPICO-Informação dentro do texto:
• O texto expressa que a única característica mencionada que o compara ao ET é sua capacidade de fechar, curar os ferimentos feitos por buracos de bala em seu próprio corpo.
  • "[...] There are other discrepancies too — like the sophisticated CCTV system in 1962, or the creature’s ability to wipe away the bulletholes in his own body, sealing up the wounds, ET-style."
  • (Também existem outras discrepâncias - como o sofisticado sistema de CFTV em 1962, ou a capacidade da criatura de limpar os buracos do próprio corpo, selando as feridas ao estilo ET.)
👉 Questão-Item  10-Errada :
The monster believes Elisa can complement him.
(O monstro acredita que Elisa pode complementá-lo.)
• TÓPICO-Informação dentro do texto:
• O texto não faz menção do que o monstro acredita. O texto apenas fala sobre a incapacidade de o monstro perceber quão incompleta Elisa é.
  • "[...] The amphibious monster kept captive at the lab doesn’t have a name, and his idea of a witty and humorous conversation is to roar in your face. But Elisa takes a shine to him. "When he looks at me, he doesn't know what I lack or how I am incomplete."
  • (O monstro anfíbio mantido em cativeiro no laboratório não tem nome, e sua ideia de uma conversa espirituosa e bem-humorada é rugir na sua cara. Mas Elisa começa a gostar muito dele. 'Quando ele olha para mim, ele não percebe o que me falta ou como estou incompleta.')
TEXTO 2:
(...)
Chaplin was famous in a way that no one had been before; arguably, no one has been as famous since. At the peak of his popularity, his screen persona, the Tramp, was the most recognized image in the world. His name came first in discussions of the new medium as popular entertainment, and in defences of it as a distinct art form — a cultural position occupied afterwards only by the Beatles, whose own era-defining popularity never equalled Chaplin’s. He's the closest thing the 20th century produced to a universal cultural touchstone.

Film histories will invariably assert that Chaplin’s mass popularity was owed to the way in which the Tramp represented a destitute everyman. His films turned hunger, laziness, and the feeling of being unwanted into comedy. He was an ego artist, a performer with an uncanny relationship to the camera who spent the early part of his career refining his screen persona and the latter part of it deconstructing it.

Many a film critic raises the issue of Chaplin’s actual relationship to the cultural moment of the time — and the fact that his popularity survived several periods of sweeping cultural change. His post-silent films — which include his two most enduringly popular features, Modern Times and The Great Dictator — reflect his own attitudes more than the feelings of American audiences at the time. His mature work is deliberately artificial, set in a world pieced together from chunks of European and American past, present, and, in the case of Modern Times, future.
Ignaty Vishnevetsky
A century later, why does Chaplin still matters?
Internet: <https://film.avclub.com> (adapted)
(...)
According to the text above, judge the following statements.

11 In the author's opinion, it is fair to say that nobody after Chaplin managed to be as successful as he was.
12 "At the peak of" (l. 2 and 3) can be correctly rewritten as At the height of.
13 In line 5, “new medium” is the same as new means.
14 Charlie Chaplin and The Beatles played similar historical roles but his impact on the general cultural scene was far more profound than theirs.
15 Chaplin’s extraordinary talent helped cinema achieve the status of an individual art form.
16 The word “touchstone” (l.10) means a basis or criterion for comparison.
17 Chaplin’s main goal as a film director was to eradicate starvation, laziness and lack of love by means of humour.
18 Due to his inflated ego, Chaplin tried very hard to select the best possible angles for the cameras.
19 Throughout his career, Chaplin stuck to his original acting methods and goals, keeping alive the figure of the Tramp.
20 The passage “enduringly popular features” (l.22) can be correctly paraphrased as films that have continuously been well-liked and admired.
👉 Questão-Item  11-Errada :
In the author's opinion, it is fair to say that nobody after Chaplin managed to be as successful as he was.
(Na opinião do autor, é justo dizer que ninguém depois de Chaplin conseguiu ser tão bem-sucedido quanto ele.)
• TÓPICO-Ideia Contextual ou Informação dentro do texto:
➽No texto, o autor apenas expressa sua opinião. O texto não faz menção que o autor está julgando ser justa ou não.
  • "[...] Chaplin was famous in a way that no one had been before; arguably, no one has been as famous since."
  • (Chaplin era famoso de uma maneira que ninguém havia sido antes; indiscutivelmente, ninguém tem sido tão famoso desde então.)
👉 Questão-Item  12-Correta :
"At the peak of" (l. 2 and 3) can be correctly rewritten as At the height of.
("No pico de" pode ser reescrito corretamente como Na altura de.)
• TÓPICO-Expressão Contextual Sinônima ou Intercambiável:
➽A expressão "at the peak"(no pico, no auge) é sinônima de "at the height of"(no auge de...uma carreira de trabalho)
  • "[...] At the peak of his popularity, his screen persona, the Tramp, was the most recognized image in the world."
  • (No auge de sua popularidade, sua personagem na tela, o Tramp, era a imagem mais reconhecida no mundo.)
*"at the height of him career"(no auge de sua carreira).
👉 Questão-Item  13-Errada :
In line 5, "new medium” is the same as new means.
(Na linha 5, "new medium"(veículo transmissor) é o mesmo que novos meios.)
• TÓPICO-Vocabulário Contextual:
➽O substantivo MEDIUM contextualmente significa 'veículo transmissor', e means significa "meios, modos, formas".
  • "[...] His name came first in discussions of the NEW MEDIUM as popular entertainment,"
  • (Seu nome ficou em primeiro lugar nas discussões sobre o novo veículo transmissor como entretenimento popular.)
👉 Questão-Item  14-Correta :
Charlie Chaplin and The Beatles played similar historical roles but his impact on the general cultural scene was far more profound than theirs.
(Charlie Chaplin e The Beatles tiveram papéis históricos semelhantes, mas seu impacto no cenário cultural geral foi muito mais profundo que o deles.)
• TÓPICO-Ideia Contextual ou Informação dentro do texto:
➽O autor expressa que:
  • "[...] His name came first in discussions of the new medium as popular entertainment, and in defences of it as a distinct art form — a cultural position occupied afterwards only by the Beatles, whose own era-defining popularity never equalled Chaplin’s."
  • (Seu nome ficou em primeiro lugar nas discussões sobre o novo veículo transmissor como entretenimento popular, e nas defesas dele como uma forma de arte distinta - uma posição cultural ocupada depois apenas pelos Beatles, cuja popularidade que definiu a era nunca se igualou à de Chaplin.)
👉 Questão-Item  15-Errada :
Chaplin’s extraordinary talent helped cinema achieve the status of an individual art form.
(O talento extraordinário de Chaplin ajudou o cinema a alcançar o status de uma forma de arte individual.)
• TÓPICO-Ideia Contextual ou Informação dentro do texto:
➽O autor expressa que o cinema não recebeu o status de única forma de arte, mas de uma inquestionável forma de cultura universal.
  • "[...] He's the closest thing the 20th century produced to a universal cultural touchstone."
  • (Ele é a coisa mais próxima que o século XX produziu para uma base cultural universal.)
👉 Questão-Item  16-Correta :
The word "touchstone" (l.10) means a basis or criterion for comparison.
(A palavra "touchstone" significa uma base ou critério para comparação.)
• TÓPICO-Vocabulário Contextual:
➽O texto expressa que:
  • "[...] He's the closest thing the 20th century produced to a universal cultural touchstone."
  • (Ele é a coisa mais próxima que o século XX produziu para uma base cultural universal.)
👉 Questão-Item  17-Errada :
Chaplin's main goal as a film director was to eradicate starvation, laziness and lack of love by means of humour.
(O principal objetivo de Chaplin como diretor de cinema era erradicar a fome, a preguiça e a falta de amor por meio do humor.)
• TÓPICO-Ideia Contextual ou Informação dentro do texto:
➽O texto expressa que Chaplin transformava tais sentimentos(fome, a preguiça e a falta de amor) em comédia, mas não tinha como objetivo erradicá-los.
  • "[...] Film histories will invariably assert that Chaplin’s mass popularity was owed to the way in which the Tramp represented a destitute everyman. His films turned hunger, laziness, and the feeling of being unwanted into comedy."
  • (As histórias do cinema invariavelmente afirmam que a popularidade em massa de Chaplin se deve à maneira como o Tramp representava um homem carente. Seus filmes transformaram fome, preguiça e a sensação de ser indesejado em comédia.)
👉 Questão-Item  18-Errada :
Due to his inflated ego, Chaplin tried very hard to select the best possible angles for the cameras.
(Devido ao seu ego inflado, Chaplin tentou arduamente selecionar os melhores ângulos possíveis para as câmeras.)
• TÓPICO-Ideia Contextual ou Informação dentro do texto:
➽O texto não relata que Chaplin tinha um ego inflado mas sim que tinha uma preocupação e uma relação extraordinária com as câmeras.
  • "[...] He was an ego artist, a performer with an uncanny relationship to the camera who spent the early part of his career refining his screen persona and the latter part of it deconstructing it."
  • (Ele era um artista do ego, um artista com um relacionamento misterioso com a câmera que passou o início de sua carreira refinando sua personalidade na tela e a última parte desconstruindo-a.)
👉 Questão-Item  19-Errada :
Throughout his career, Chaplin stuck to his original acting methods and goals, keeping alive the figure of the Tramp.
(Ao longo de sua carreira, Chaplin manteve seus métodos e objetivos originais de atuação, mantendo viva a figura do vagabundo.)
👉 Questão-Item  20-Correta :
The passage “enduringly popular features” (l.22) can be correctly paraphrased as films that have continuously been well-liked and admired.
(A passagem “características duradouras populares”  pode ser parafraseada corretamente como filmes que são continuamente apreciados e admirados.)
TEXTO 3:
(...)
By Walt Disney Pictures Internet:
1
Don't let that scare you away. There is a murder and a fatal church-bell-related accident, but the afterlife in Coco is a warm and hectic place, more comical than creepy. The story happens during the Day of the Dead, when the border controls between life and death relax and the departed are allowed temporary passage to the land of the living. A boy named Miguel makes the trip in reverse, which is not to say that he dies, but rather that his living self, through one of several metaphysical loopholes that the movie explains, is transported into a fantastical world of specters and skeletons, who hold fabulous parties and raucous outdoor concerts.

2
Nearly as enchanting as that magical realm is the Mexican village of Santa Cecilia, Miguel's hometown, where he is part of a prosperous clan of shoemakers. The cultural vibe of Coco is inclusive rather than exoticizing, pre-empting inevitable concerns about authenticity and appropriation with the mixture of charm and sensitivity that has become something of a 21st-century Disney hallmark. Here, the importance of family — the multigenerational household that sustains and constrains the hero — is both specific and universal. It’s what explains the particular beats of Miguel’s story and what connects him to viewers regardless of background. 
3
He shows a certain kinship with other well-known recent cartoon characters. A gifted musician in a family that forbids music, he is a bit like Remy, the “Ratatouille” rat whose kin were hostile to his artistic ambition, and like Mumble, the misfit penguin in “Happy Feet.” Miguel’s quest — a search for roots, lost ancestors and information that might explain who he is — resembles Dory’s journey in Finding Dory. The sidekicks who accompany him, animal and (formerly) human, 31 are drawn from a familiar well of archetypes, and the final round of lesson-learning and reconciliation hits notes we have heard many times before.
Internet: <www nytimes com>(adapted)
(...)
Based on the text above, judge the items from 
21 through 28.
21 In the film, death is not so morbid a subject that it should discourage people from watching it.
22 In the fragment "hold fabulous parties and raucous outdoor concerts"(l. 10 e 11), the verb “to hold” can be correctly replaced with to throw.
23 The author mentions that the story in Coco takes place in at least three distinct spheres.
24 In "the land of the living" (l.6) and in "his living self" (l.8), the word "living" plays the same grammar role.
25 The word "loopholes" (l.9) is synonymous with events.
26 In the film, the use of the strange and picturesque features of the Mexican culture is exploitative.
27 The sentence "He shows a certain kinship with other well-known recent cartoon characters." (l. 23 and 24) can be correctly paraphrased as There are similarities between Miguel and some other recent cartoon characters.
28 What connects Coco to the long tradition of recent cartoon characters is their obsession with the idea of death.
👉 Questão-Item  21-Correta :
In the film, death is not so morbid a subject that it should discourage people from watching it.
(No filme, a morte não é um assunto tão mórbido que deve desencorajar as pessoas de assisti-lo..)
👉 Questão-Item  22-Correta :
In the fragment "hold fabulous parties and raucous outdoor concerts"(l. 10 e 11), the verb “to hold” can be correctly replaced with to throw.
(No fragmento "faça festas fabulosas e concertos ao ar livre estridentes" (l. 10 e 11), o verbo "segurar" pode ser corretamente substituído por "jogar".)
👉 Questão-Item  23-Errada :
The author mentions that the story in Coco takes place in at least three distinct spheres.
(O autor menciona que a história em Coco se passa em pelo menos três esferas distintas.)
👉 Questão-Item  24-Errada :
In "the land of the living" (l.6) and in "his living self" (l.8), the word "living" plays the same grammar role.
(Na "terra dos vivos" e no "seu eu vivo", a palavra "vivo" desempenha o mesmo papel gramatical.)
👉 Questão-Item  25-Errada :
The word "loopholes" (l.9) is synonymous with events.
(A palavra "brechas" é sinônimo de eventos.)
👉 Questão-Item  26-Errada :
In the film, the use of the strange and picturesque features of the Mexican culture is exploitative.
(No filme, o uso das características estranhas e pitorescas da cultura mexicana é explorador.)
👉 Questão-Item  27-Correta :
The sentence "He shows a certain kinship with other well-known recent cartoon characters." (l. 23 and 24) can be correctly paraphrased as There are similarities between Miguel and some other recent cartoon characters.
(O.A frase "Ele mostra um certo parentesco com outros conhecidos personagens de desenhos animados recentes"  pode ser parafraseada corretamente, pois existem semelhanças entre Miguel e alguns outros personagens de desenhos animados recentes.)
👉 Questão-Item  28-Errada :
What connects Coco to the long tradition of recent cartoon characters is their obsession with the idea of death.
(O que liga Coco à longa tradição dos personagens de desenhos animados recentes é sua obsessão pela idéia da morte.)
CARTOON 1:
(...)
👉 Questão  29 :
The message conveyed by this cartoon — which is based on the film The Shape of Water and presents Neptune (on the right), a sea creature and a man — is that
(A) political correctness requires that a female version of the sea monster be created.
(B) Neptune feels a deep distrust of men who behave childishly.
(C) human beings are not on the list of creatures that Neptune allows to inhabit his underwater kingdom.
(D) a love affair between a human being and a sea creature is likely to cause disbelief and confusion.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
A mensagem transmitida por esse Cartoon - baseado no filme The Shape of Water(A Forma da Água) e apresenta Netuno (à direita), uma criatura marinha e um homem - é que...
(A) o politicamente correto exige que uma versão feminina do monstro marinho seja criada.
(B) Netuno sente uma profunda desconfiança dos homens que se comportam infantilmente.
(C) os seres humanos não estão na lista de criaturas que Netuno permite habitar seu reino subaquático.
(D) é provável que um caso de amor entre um ser humano e uma criatura do mar cause descrença e confusão.
CARTOON 2:
(...)
👉 Questão  30 :
The idea that best matches the cartoon above is that
(A) people must assert their rights as patients and tell doctors that they must not behave as if they were God.
(B) the Internet is far more precise in making diagnoses and, therefore, far more reliable than doctors can ever be.
(C) patients should only seek a second opinion when their tentative diagnosis is unfavourable to them.
(D) the widespread use of the Internet has had an effect on the nature of centuries-old doctor-patient relationships.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
A ideia que melhor combina com o cartoon acima é que...
(A) as pessoas tem que afirmar seus direitos como pacientes e dizer aos médicos que não devem se comportar como se fossem Deus.
(B) a Internet é muito mais precisa no diagnóstico e, portanto, muito mais confiável do que os médicos podem ser.
(C) os pacientes só devem procurar uma segunda opinião quando seu diagnóstico provisório lhes é desfavorável.
(D) o uso generalizado da Internet afetou a natureza das relações médico-paciente de séculos.