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➭ 10 Multiple Choice Questions / 5 Options Each Question.

➭ Text – | Tsunami science: advances since the 2004 indian ocean tragedy | www. livescience.com |

❑ TEXT:

Tsunami science: advances since the 2004 indian ocean tragedy

1

The Indian Ocean tsunami was one of the worst natural disasters in history. Enormous waves struck countries in South Asia and East Africa with little to no warning, killing 243,000 people. The destruction played out on television screens around the world, fed by shaky home videos. The outpouring of aid in response to the devastation in Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Thailand and elsewhere was unprecedented.
2
The disaster raised awareness of tsunamis and prompted nations to pump money into research and warning systems. Today (Dec. 26), on the 10th anniversary of the deadly tsunami, greatly expanded networks of seismic monitors and ocean buoys are on alert for the next killer wave in the Indian Ocean, the Pacific and the Caribbean. In fact, tsunami experts can now forecast how tsunamis will flood distant coastlines hours before the waves arrive. But hurdles remain in saving lives for everyone under the threat of tsunamis. No amount of warning will help those who need to seek immediate shelter away from beaches, disaster experts said.
3
Since 2004, geologists have uncovered evidence of several massive tsunamis in buried sand layers preserved in Sumatran caves. It turns out that the deadly waves aren’t as rare in the Indian Ocean as once thought. “We had five fatal tsunamis off the coast of Sumatra prior to 2004,” said Paula Dunbar, a scientist at NOAA’s National Geophysical Data Center. Over the past 300 years, 69 tsunamis were seen in the Indian Ocean, she said. Despite the risk, there was no oceanwide tsunami warning system in the region. Now, a $450 million early-alert network is fully operational, though it is plagued with equipment problems. Essentially built from scratch, the $450 million Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System includes more than 140 seismometers, about 100 sea-level gauges and several buoys that detect tsunamis. More buoys were installed, but they have been vandalized or accidentally destroyed. The buoys and gauges help detect whether an earthquake triggered a tsunami.
4
Getting the warnings down to people living in remote coastal areas is one of the biggest hurdles for the new system. Not all warnings reach the local level. And not every tsunami earthquake is strong enough to scare people away from shorelines. In Sumatra’s Mentawai Islands, a 2010 tsunami killed more than 400 people because residents failed to evacuate in the short time between the earthquake and the tsunami’s arrival. The shaking was simply not strong enough to trigger people’s fear of tsunamis, even though islanders had self-evacuated after a 2007 earthquake, according to an investigation by the University of Southern California’s Tsunami Research Center. There was also no clear-cut warning from the regional tsunami alert system.
5
Another hurdle is learning how to accurately forecast reflected tsunami waves. The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami ricocheted off island chains, and some of the worst flooding arrived unexpectedly late in places like Sri Lanka and Western Australia. “I found a boat on the middle of the road, and at that point knew it was a tsunami,” recalls Charitha Pattiaratchi, a University of Western Australia tsunami expert who was driving on a coastal Sri Lankan road on Dec. 26, 2004. “I came to the conclusion that I was safe. Well, I was wrong. Twenty minutes later there was seven meters of water where I had been standing, and two hours later there were still more waves coming.”
6
A tsunami warning can go out just five minutes after a submarine earthquake raises or lowers the seafloor, thus launching a tsunami. For more detailed predictions of the wave’s impact, such as the extent of flooding, scientists rely on data collected by seismometers, GPS stations, tide gauges and buoy systems, which is relayed by satellite to warning centers. Computer models then convert the data into detailed tsunami simulations, which are based on more than 2,000 real-life examples.
7
After an earthquake, scientists with NOAA’s tsunami warning centers now spend about an hour working out the details of a tsunami forecast, said Vasily Titov, director of NOAA’s Center for Tsunami Research. The results project when the wave will arrive at shorelines and harbors, estimate tsunamiinduced currents and gauge the height of the waves. The agency’s goal is to dramatically reduce that hourlong delay. “We’re now at the point where we want to do it in five minutes,” Titov said. That means building out the seismic network, getting a faster response from the sea-level sensors and speeding up the computer forecasts. “When these three components come together, then we can save everybody,” Titov said.

By Becky Oskin, Senior Writer.

Adapted from http://www. livescience.com/49262-indian-ocean-tsunami-anniversary. html. December 26, 2014.

11. The aim of the text is to
(A) warn the reader about the risks of travelling to coastal towns in the Indian Ocean.
(B) inform the reader about the scientific developments on tsunami warning systems.
(C) make people aware of the importance of immediate evacuation as soon as they hear a tsunami alert.
(D) inspire people to subscribe to charities providing relief to the victims in the tragedy.
(E) condemn nations who have done little to invest in tsunami warning systems in the Indian Ocean.

R E S P O S T A :   B

• O objetivo do texto é

(A) warn the reader about the risks of travelling to coastal towns in the Indian Ocean.

• alertar o leitor sobre os riscos de viajar para cidades costeiras do Oceano Índico.
(B) inform the reader about the scientific developments on tsunami warning systems.

• informar o leitor sobre os desenvolvimentos científicos em sistemas de alerta de tsunami.
(C) make people aware of the importance of immediate evacuation as soon as they hear a tsunami alert.

• conscientizar as pessoas sobre a importância da evacuação imediata assim que ouvirem um alerta de tsunami.
(D) inspire people to subscribe to charities providing relief to the victims in the tragedy.

• inspirar as pessoas a se inscreverem em instituições de caridade que prestam socorro às vítimas da tragédia.
(E) condemn nations who have done little to invest in tsunami warning systems in the Indian Ocean.

• condenar as nações que pouco fizeram para investir em sistemas de alerta de tsunami no Oceano Índico.
12. In the sentence “The disaster raised awareness of tsunamis and prompted nations to pump money into research and warning systems.” (lines 9-11) , the word prompted means

(A) motivated.
(B) persuaded.
(C) suggested.
(D) restricted.
(E) impeded.

R E S P O S T A :   A

• Na frase  “The disaster raised awareness of tsunamis and prompted nations to pump money into research and warning systems.”(O desastre aumentou a conscientização sobre os tsunamis e levou as nações a investir dinheiro em sistemas de pesquisa e alerta), a palavra prompted significa

(A) motivated.

• motivou
(B) persuaded.

• persuadiu, convenceu.
(C) suggested.

• sugeriu.
(D) restricted.

• restringiu.
(E) impeded.

• impediu.

13. According to the second paragraph of the text (lines 9-21), one can arrive at the conclusion that

(A) Tsunami experts can’t still predict if a disaster will occur.
(B) The 2004 disaster didn’t promote drastic changes in tsunami warning systems.
(C) There are still obstacles to be overcome in saving lives in the case of a tsunami threat.
(D) Those who live on coastlines are the ones to find shelter most easily.
(E) Nowadays networks of monitors and ocean buoys are on alert for the next killer wave all over the world.

R E S P O S T A :   C

• De acordo com o segundo parágrafo do texto, pode-se chegar à conclusão de que...

(A) Os especialistas em tsunami ainda não conseguem prever se um desastre ocorrerá.
(B) O desastre de 2004 não promoveu mudanças drásticas nos sistemas de alerta de tsunami.
(C) Ainda existem obstáculos a serem superados para salvar vidas no caso de uma ameaça de tsunami.
(D) Quem mora na costa é quem encontra abrigo mais facilmente.
(E) Atualmente, redes de monitores e bóias oceânicas estão em alerta para a próxima onda assassina em todo o mundo.
14. Choose the item in which the idea introduced by the underlined expression is correctly described.
(A) “In fact, tsunami experts can now forecast…” (lines 15-16) Addition
(B) “Since 2004, geologists have uncovered evidence ….” (line 22) Cause
(C) “….even though islanders had self-evacuated ….” (line 52) Contrast
(D) “There was also no clear-cut warning….” (line 55) Sequence
(E) “… then we can save everybody” (line 93) Emphasis

R E S P O S T A :   C

• Escolha o item no qual a ideia introduzida pela expressão sublinhada é descrita corretamente.

(A) “De fato, os especialistas em tsunami agora podem prever…” (linhas 15-16)
(B) “Desde 2004, os geólogos descobriram evidências….” (Linha 22) Causa
(C) "... embora os ilhéus tenham se evacuado ..." (linha 52)
(D) "Também não houve aviso claro ..." (linha 55) Sequência
(E) "... então podemos salvar a todos" (linha 93) Ênfase
15. Given the information in paragraph 4 (lines 42-56), where the author sheds light on how islanders have reacted to tsunami earthquakes along the years, which of the following statements is TRUE?
(A) In 2010, the interval between the earthquake and the tsunami was not long enough for people to leave the area.
(B) All alert systems reach the islands.
(C) People living in coastal areas are bound to die from the impact of a tsunami wave.
(D) Every earthquake in the ocean will trigger people’s fear of tsunamis.
(E) The regional tsunami alert system sent precise directions to the islanders.

R E S P O S T A :   A

• Dadas as informações do parágrafo 4 (linhas 42-56), onde o autor lança luz sobre como os ilhéus reagiram aos terremotos de tsunami ao longo dos anos, qual das seguintes afirmações é VERDADEIRA?

(A) Em 2010, o intervalo entre o terremoto e o tsunami não foi longo o suficiente para as pessoas deixarem a área.
(B) Todos os sistemas de alerta chegam às ilhas.
(C) As pessoas que vivem em áreas costeiras são obrigadas a morrer pelo impacto de uma onda de tsunami.
(D) Todo terremoto no oceano desencadeia o medo das pessoas de tsunamis.
(E) O sistema regional de alerta de tsunami enviou instruções precisas aos ilhéus.
16. In paragraph 5 (lines 57-69) tsunami expert, Charitha Pattiaratchi, recalls the critical moments she faced in a Sri Lankan road on Dec.26, 2004. Which of the following proverbs best applies to the statements “I came to the conclusion that I was safe. Well, I was wrong.” (lines 66-67):
(A) Practice makes perfect.
(B) You can’t judge a book by its cover.
(C) Actions speak louder than words.
(D) Good things come to those who wait.
(E) It is no use crying over spilled milk.

R E S P O S T A :   B

• In paragraph 5 (lines 57-69) tsunami expert, Charitha Pattiaratchi, recalls the critical moments she faced in a Sri Lankan road on Dec.26, 2004. Which of the following proverbs best applies to the statements “I came to the conclusion that I was safe. Well, I was wrong.” (lines 66-67):

(A) Practice makes perfect.

(B) You can’t judge a book by its cover.
(C) Actions speak louder than words.
(D) Good things come to those who wait.
(E) It is no use crying over spilled milk.

17. The relative pronoun which (line 76), in the fragment “which is relayed by satellite to warning centers”, makes reference to
(A) detailed predictions.
(B) the wave’s impact.
(C) the extent of flooding.
(D) data.
(E) buoy systems.

R E S P O S T A :   D

• O pronome relativo which, no fragmento “which is relayed by satellite to warning centers”, faz referência a...

(A) detailed predictions.

• previsões detalhadas.

(B) the wave’s impact.

• o impacto da onda.
(C) the extent of flooding.
• a extensão das inundações.

(D) data.

• dados.
(E) buoy systems.

• sistemas de bóia.

• O pronome relativo which faz referência a data(dados).

• "[...] For more detailed predictions of the wave’s impact, such as the extent of flooding, scientists rely on data collected by seismometers, GPS stations, tide gauges and buoy systems, which is relayed by satellite to warning centers."

• Para previsões mais detalhadas do impacto da onda, como a extensão da inundação, os cientistas contam com DADOS coletados por sismômetros, estações GPS, marégrafos e sistemas de bóia, QUE são retransmitidos por satélite para centros de alerta.

18. The word dramatically in “The agency’s goal is to dramatically reduce that hour-long delay.” (lines 87-88), most nearly means
(A) desperately.
(B) easily.
(C) ordinarily.
(D) effectively.
(E) awkwardly.

R E S P O S T A :   D

• A palavra dramatically em “The agency’s goal is to dramatically reduce that hour-long delay.”(O objetivo da agência é reduzir drasticamente o atraso de uma hora.), quase significa...

(A) desperately.

• desesperadamente.
(B) easily.

• facilmente.
(C) ordinarily.

• normalmente.
(D) effectively.

• efetivamente.
(E) awkwardly

• estranhamente.

• A questão 18  é sobre o uso metafórico do advérbio “dramatically”(dramaticamente).

• Contextualmente "dramatically" transmite a mesma ideia de "completely"(completamente), "effectively"(efetivamente). 

19. In the sentence “That means building out the seismic network,” (lines 89-90), building out means to
(A) glorify.
(B) compress.
(C) simplify.
(D) incorporate.
(E) expand.

R E S P O S T A :   E

• In the sentence “That means building out the seismic network,” (lines 89-90), building out means to

(A) glorify.
(B) compress.
(C) simplify.
(D) incorporate.
(E) expand.

20. According to Vasily Titov, the greatest challenge NOAA’s Center for Tsunami Research has to face today is to
(A) estimate tsunami-induced currents.
(B) determine the height of the waves.
(C) project when the wave will arrive at shorelines and harbors.
(D) predict the extent of flooding.
(E) reduce the time they spend working out the details of a tsunami forecast.

R E S P O S T A :   E

•

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➭ 10 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 5 Options Each MCQ.

➭ Text – YOUNG KEEP IT SIMPLE IN HIGH-TECH WORLD LONDON | www.reuters.com |

❑ TEXTO:

YOUNG KEEP IT SIMPLE IN HIGH-TECH WORLD LONDON

LONDON (Reuters) - While young people embrace the Web with real or virtual friends and their cell phone is never far away, relatively few like technology and those that do tend to be in Brazil, India and China, according to a survey.

Only a handful think of technology as a concept, and just 16 percent use terms like “social networking,” said two combined surveys covering 8- to 24-year-olds published on July 24 by Microsoft and Viacom units MTV Networks and Nickelodeon.

“Young people don’t see ‘tech’ as a separate entity – it’s an organic part of their lives,” said Andrew Davidson, vice president of MTV’s VBS International Insight unit. “Talking to them about the role of technology in their lifestyle would be like talking to kids in the 1980s about the role the park swing or the telephone played in their social lives – it’s invisible.”

The surveys involved 18,000 young people in 16 countries including the UK, U.S., China, Japan, Canada and Mexico.

Terms most frequently used by the young when talking about technology related to accessing content for free, notably “download” and “burn”.

The surveyors found the average Chinese computer user has 37 online friends they have never met, Indian youth are most likely to see cell phones as a status symbol, while one-in-three UK and U.S. teenagers say they cannot live without games consoles. “The way each technology is adopted and adapted throughout the world depends as much on local cultural and social factors as on the technology itself,” said Davidson. For example, the key digital device for Japan’s young is the cell phone because of the privacy and portability it offers those who live in small homes with limited privacy. According to the survey, Japanese children aged eight to 14 have only one online friend they have not met, compared to a global average of five. Some 93 percent of Chinese computer users aged 8-14 have more than one friend online they have never met. In Davidson’s view this was encouraging those aged 8-14 in China to select online over television – a trend not seen in any other market in that age group.

The changes in how the youth market engages with technology are keenly followed by advertisers and content firms. “Traditional youth marketing considered opinion formers and influencers to be a small elite, but these days the elite has become much larger,” said the VBS’s vice president.

For parents worried about what their children are getting up to amid the wave of gadgets, little has changed in a generation. The surveyors found the most popular activities the under-14s enjoy were watching TV, listening to music and being with friends. The rankings for those older was similar although listening to music was top.

http://www.reuters.com/article/technologyNews/

idUSL236796320070724

July 24, 2007

11. The purpose of this article is to:
(A) criticize the excessive use of technology by modern teenagers worldwide.
(B) report on the results of recent studies on the use of technology by the youth.
(C) analyze the role of technology in promoting practices of social networking.
(D) advertise the launching of a new generation of gadgets designed to attract the young.
(E) justify why so few adolescents enjoy using technological devices in their daily routines.

R E S P O S T A :   B

• O objetivo deste artigo é:

(A) criticize the excessive use of technology by modern teenagers worldwide.

• criticar o uso excessivo de tecnologia por adolescentes modernos em todo o mundo.
(B) report on the results of recent studies on the use of technology by the youth.

• relatar os resultados de estudos recentes sobre o uso da tecnologia pelos jovens.
(C) analyze the role of technology in promoting practices of social networking.

• analisar o papel da tecnologia na promoção de práticas de redes sociais.
(D) advertise the launching of a new generation of gadgets designed to attract the young.

• anunciar o lançamento de uma nova geração de gadgets(aparelhos) projetados para atrair os jovens.
(E) justify why so few adolescents enjoy using technological devices in their daily routines.

• justificar por que tão poucos adolescentes gostam de usar dispositivos tecnológicos em suas rotinas diárias.
12. The sentence "Young people don't see 'tech' as a separate entity – it’s an organic part of their lives," (lines 11-12) means that:
(A) teens are so used to technology that they refuse to discuss it.
(B) youngsters seem to ignore the role of technology in their lives.
(C) technological advances appear to be something alien to teens.
(D) technology is so natural for teenagers that they don't even notice it.
(E) modern youth’s social life depends on high-tech gadgets such as cell phones.

R E S P O S T A :   D

•  A frase "Os jovens não vêem a 'tecnologia' como uma entidade separada - é uma parte orgânica de suas vidas" (linhas 11-12) significa que:
(A) os adolescentes estão tão acostumados com a tecnologia que se recusam a discuti-la.
(B) os jovens parecem ignorar o papel da tecnologia em suas vidas.
(C) os avanços tecnológicos parecem ser algo estranho para os adolescentes.
(D) a tecnologia é tão natural para os adolescentes que eles nem percebem.
(E) a vida social da juventude moderna depende de aparelhos de alta tecnologia, como telefones celulares.
13. Check the only option in which the underlined pronoun DOES NOT refer to the words “young people”.
(A) “relatively few like technology and those that do tend to be in Brazil, India and China,” (lines 3-4).
(B) “it’s an organic part of their lives,” (line 12).
(C) “Talking to them about…” (line 14).
(D) “… the role of technology in their lifestyle…” (line 14).
(E) “…the role the park swing or the telephone played in their social lives” (lines 15-16).

R E S P O S T A :   E

• 
14. "...accessing content for free"(acessar conteúdo na Internet gratuitamente) significa:
(A) create it freely.
(B) retrieve it illegally.
(C) obtain it without charge.
(D) make it available for a fee.
(E) require permission to copy it.

R E S P O S T A :   C

•
(A) cria-lo livremente.
(B) recuperá-lo ilegalmente.
(C) obtê-lo gratuitamente(sem ônus ou despesa).
(D) disponibilizá-lo mediante uma taxa.
(E) solicitar permissão para copiá-lo.
15. Mark the only correct statement about the surveys mentioned in the sixth paragraph.
(A) Chinese kids aged 8-14 seem to enjoy communicating with online friends better than watching TV shows.
(B) One third of British and American adolescents are unhappy because they don’t have consoles to play games.
(C) In Japan, 8- to 14-year-olds have as many unknown online friends as kids their age in other parts of the world.
(D) Cell phones are considered a key symbol of status by Indian and Japanese teenagers, who generally live in small homes.
(E) A few Chinese pre-teens and teens who are fond of computers have at least one friend online they have never seen face to face.

R E S P O S T A :   A

•
A) Crianças chinesas de 8 a 14 anos parecem gostar de se comunicar com amigos on-line melhor do que assistir a programas de TV.
(B) Um terço dos adolescentes britânicos e americanos estão descontentes porque não têm consoles para jogar.
(C) No Japão, crianças de 8 a 14 anos têm tantos amigos online desconhecidos quanto crianças de sua idade em outras partes do mundo.
(D) Os telefones celulares são considerados um símbolo chave de status pelos adolescentes indianos e japoneses, que geralmente moram em pequenas casas.
(E) Alguns pré-adolescentes e adolescentes chineses que gostam de computadores têm pelo menos um amigo online que nunca viram cara a cara.

16. Check the sentence in which “while” has the same meaning as in “While young people embrace the Web … according to a survey.” (lines 1-5).

(A) Where have you been all this while?
(B) I knew all the while I had nothing to fear.
(C) While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you.
(D) Most of the good students got a job while still at the university.
(E) Roses grow in profusion in her garden, while carnations are less common.

R E S P O S T A :   E

• 
(A) Onde você esteve esse tempo todo?
(B) Eu sabia o tempo todo que não tinha nada a temer.
(C) Enquanto eu entendo o que você diz, não posso concordar com você.
(D) A maioria dos bons alunos conseguiu um emprego enquanto ainda estava na universidade.
(E) As rosas crescem em profusão em seu jardim, enquanto os cravos são menos comuns.
17. Mark the correct statement concerning vocabulary.
(A) “A handful” (line 6) means “a lot”.
(B) “Surveyors” (line 24) and “researchers” are antonyms.
(C) “Trend” (line 41) does not mean the same as “tendency”.
(D) “Keenly” (line 43) and “anxiously” are synonymous.
(E) “Worried about” (line 48) and “concerned with” have opposite meanings.

R E S P O S T A :   D

•
(A) “A handful” (line 6) means “a lot”.
(B) “Surveyors” (line 24) and “researchers” are antonyms.
(C) “Trend” (line 41) does not mean the same as “tendency”.
(D) “Keenly” (line 43) and “anxiously” are synonymous.
(E) “Worried about” (line 48) and “concerned with” have opposite meanings.
18. Check the item in which the boldfaced word or phrase introduces a reason.
(A) “Talking to them about the role of technology in their lifestyle would be like talking to kids in the 1980s…” (lines 14-15)
(B) “For example, the key digital device for Japan’s young is the cell phone…” (lines 31-32)
(C) “…because of the privacy and portability it offers those who live in small homes with limited privacy.” (lines 33-34)
(D) “ For parents worried about what their children are getting up to...” (lines 48-49)
(E) “The rankings for those older was similar although listening to music was top.” (lines 52-53)

R E S P O S T A :   C

• 
19. According to the last paragraph, the most popular activity for teens from 14 up is:
(A) watching TV.
(B) being with friends.
(C) listening to music.
(D) playing with gadgets.
(E) chatting with online mates.

R E S P O S T A :   C

• 
20. The text as a whole is:
(A) objective and informative.
(B) hopeful and enthusiastic.
(C) descriptive and pessimistic.
(D) persuasive and alarming.
(E) argumentative and critical.

R E S P O S T A :   A

• O texto como um todo é:

(A) objective and informative.

• objetivo e informativo.

(B) hopeful and enthusiastic.

• esperançoso e entusiasmado.
(C) descriptive and pessimistic.

• descritivo e pessimista.
(D) persuasive and alarming.

• persuasivo e alarmante.
(E) argumentative and critical.

• argumentativo e crítico.

PUC/RIO– 2011 – VESTIBULAR – GRUPOS 1,3 e 4 – LÍNGUA INGLESA – PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA / RJ – GABARITO & TEXTO TRADUZIDO.

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➭ 10 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 5 Options Each MCQ.

➭ Text – Why I hate 3d (and you should too) | www.newsweek.com |

❑ TEXTO:

❑ TRADUÇÃO-TEXTO:

WHY I HATE 3D (AND YOU SHOULD TOO)

POR QUE EU ODEIO 3D (E VOCÊ TAMBÉM DEVERIA)

3-D is a waste of a perfectly good dimension. – 3-D é um desperdício de uma dimensão perfeitamente boa.

Hollywood’s current crazy stampede toward it is suicidal. – A atual corrida louca de Hollywood em direção a ela é suicida.

It adds nothing essential to the moviegoing experience. – Não acrescenta nada de essencial à experiência de ir ao cinema.

For some, it is an annoying distraction. – Para alguns, é uma distração irritante.

For others, it creates nausea and headaches. – Para outros, causa náuseas e dores de cabeça.

It is driven largely to sell expensive projection equipment and add a $5 to $7.50 surcharge on already expensive movie tickets. – O objetivo é principalmente vender equipamentos de projeção caros e adicionar uma sobretaxa de US$ 5 a US$ 7,50 sobre ingressos de cinema já caros.

Its image is noticeably darker than standard 2-D. – Sua imagem é visivelmente mais escura que o 2-D padrão.

It is unsuitable for grown-up films of any seriousness. It limits the freedom of directors to make films as they choose. – Não é adequado para filmes adultos de qualquer seriedade. Limita a liberdade dos diretores de fazer filmes como quiserem.

That’s my position. I know it’s heresy to the biz side of show business. – Essa é a minha posição. Eu sei que é uma heresia para o lado comercial do show business.

After all, 3-D has not only given Hollywood its biggest payday ($2.7 billion and counting for Avatar), but a slew of other hits. – Afinal, o 3-D não só deu a Hollywood o seu maior pagamento (US$ 2,7 bilhões e contando para Avatar), mas também uma série de outros sucessos.

The year’s top three films—Alice in Wonderland, How to Train Your Dragon, and Clash of the Titans — were all projected in 3-D, and they’re only the beginning. – Os três melhores filmes do ano – Alice no País das Maravilhas, Como Treinar o Seu Dragão e Fúria de Titãs – foram todos projetados em 3-D e são apenas o começo.

But many directors, editors, and cinematographers agree with me about the shortcomings of 3-D. – Mas muitos diretores, editores e cineastas concordam comigo sobre as deficiências do 3D.

So do many movie lovers — even executives who feel stampeded by another Hollywood infatuation with a technology that was already pointless when their grandfathers played with stereoscopes. – O mesmo acontece com muitos amantes do cinema – até mesmo executivos que se sentem esmagados por outra paixão de Hollywood por uma tecnologia que já era inútil quando seus avós brincavam com estereoscópios.

The heretics’ case, point by point: – O caso dos hereges, ponto por ponto:

IT’S THE WASTE OF A DIMENSION.É O DESPERDÍCIO DE UMA DIMENSÃO.

When you look at a 2-D movie, it’s already in 3-D as far as your mind is concerned. – Quando você assiste a um filme em 2D, ele já está em 3D, no que diz respeito à sua mente.

When you see Lawrence of Arabia growing from a speck as he rides toward you across the desert, are you thinking, “Look how slowly he grows against the horizon”? – Quando você vê Lawrence da Arábia crescendo a partir de uma partícula enquanto cavalga em sua direção através do deserto, você está pensando: “Veja como ele cresce lentamente contra o horizonte”?

Our minds use the principle of perspective to provide the third dimension. – Nossas mentes usam o princípio da perspectiva para fornecer a terceira dimensão.

Adding one artificially can make the illusion less convincing. – Adicionar um artificialmente pode tornar a ilusão menos convincente.

IT ADDS NOTHING TO THE EXPERIENCE. – NÃO ADICIONA NADA À EXPERIÊNCIA.

Recall the greatest moviegoing experiences of your lifetime. Did they “need” 3-D? – Relembre as melhores experiências de cinema da sua vida. Eles “precisavam” do 3-D?

A great film completely engages our imaginations. – Um grande filme envolve completamente a nossa imaginação.

What would Fargo gain in 3-D? Precious? Casablanca? – O que Fargo ganharia em 3-D? Precioso? Casablanca?

IT CAN CREATE NAUSEA AND HEADACHES. – PODE CRIAR NÁUSEAS E DORES DE CABEÇA.

As 3-D TV sets were being introduced at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas in January, Reuters interviewed two leading ophthalmologists. – Enquanto os aparelhos de TV 3D eram apresentados na Consumer Electronics Show, em Las Vegas, em janeiro, a Reuters entrevistou dois oftalmologistas renomados.

“There are a lot of people walking around with very minor eye problems—for example, a muscle imbalance—which under normal circumstances the brain deals with naturally,” said Dr. Michael Rosenberg, a professor at Northwestern University. – “Há muitas pessoas que andam por aí com problemas oculares muito pequenos – por exemplo, um desequilíbrio muscular – que, em circunstâncias normais, o cérebro lida naturalmente”, disse o Dr. Michael Rosenberg, professor da Northwestern University.

3-D provides an unfamiliar visual experience, and “that translates into greater mental effort, making it easier to get a headache.” – O 3-D proporciona uma experiência visual desconhecida e “isso se traduz em maior esforço mental, facilitando a dor de cabeça”.

Dr. Deborah Friedman, a professor of ophthalmology and neurology at the University of Rochester Medical Center, said that in normal vision, each eye sees things at a slightly different angle. – Deborah Friedman, professora de oftalmologia e neurologia do Centro Médico da Universidade de Rochester, disse que na visão normal, cada olho vê as coisas de um ângulo ligeiramente diferente.

“When that gets processed in the brain, that creates the perception of depth.

The illusions that you see in three dimensions in the movies are not calibrated the same way that your eyes and your brain are.” In a just-published article, Consumer Reports says about 15 percent of the moviegoing audience experiences headache and eyestrain during 3-D movies. – As ilusões que você vê em três dimensões nos filmes não são calibradas da mesma forma que seus olhos e seu cérebro.” Em um artigo recém-publicado, a Consumer Reports diz que cerca de 15% do público que vai ao cinema sente dor de cabeça e fadiga ocular durante filmes em 3D.

WHENEVER HOLLYWOOD HAS FELT THREATENED, IT HAS TURNED TO TECHNOLOGY: SOUND, COLOR, WIDESCREEN, CINERAMA, 3-D, STEREOPHONIC SOUND, AND NOW 3-D AGAIN. – Sempre que Hollywood se sentiu ameaçado, recorreu à tecnologia: som, cor, widescreen, cinerama, 3-D, som estereofônico e agora 3-D novamente.

In marketing terms, this means offering an experience that can’t be had at home.

With the advent of Blu-ray discs, HD cable, and home digital projectors, the gap between the theater and home experiences has been narrowed. 3-D widened it again. – Com o advento dos discos Blu-ray, do cabo HD e dos projetores digitais domésticos, a distância entre o cinema e as experiências domésticas foi reduzida. 3-D ampliou-o novamente.

Now home 3-D TV sets may narrow that gap as well. – Agora, os aparelhos domésticos de TV 3D também podem diminuir essa lacuna.

By Roger Ebert

Newsweek.com, May 10, 2010

Fonte: http://www.newsweek.com/2010/04/30/why-i-hate-3-d-andyou-should-too.html (with slight adaptations)

👉 Questão  01 :
In paragraph 1, the author presents his reasons for being against 3-D. Mark the statement that DOES NOT express the author’s idea.
(A) 3-D is the worst development in movie making. (B) This technique restricts the way films are directed.
(C) A 3-D movie creates physical discomfort for viewers.
(D) This kind of movie is more expensive for movie goers.
(E) The 3-D image is not as bright as in two dimension movies.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

👉 Questão  02 :
In “But many directors, editors, and cinematographers agree with me about the shortcomings of 3-D. So do many movie lovers - even executives who feel stampeded by another Hollywood infatuation with a technology that was already pointless when their grandfathers played with stereoscopes.” (lines 17-22), the author of the text says that
(A) his opinions on the new technology agree with moviegoing audiences and senior Hollywood executives.
(B) some directors, editors, cinematographers, movie fans and executives share his opinion on 3-D movies. (C) movie lovers and executives are infatuated with this technology that originated in stereoscopes.
(D) his views on the weaknesses of 3-D technology are similar to those expressed by film critics.
(E) the shortcomings of 3-D are easily detected by movie executives and Hollywood actors.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

👉 Questão  03 :
Check the statement that corresponds to the author’s idea in paragraph 3.
(A) We convince ourselves that we are watching only two dimensions.
(B) The third dimension is considered useless by most film directors.
(C) Our eyes see films in a perspective that shows three dimensions.
(D) Our mind can get confused with two dimensions on the screen.
(E) A 2-D movie does not have a convincing perspective.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

👉 Questão  04 :
Choose the correct option concerning the meaning of the words extracted from the text.
(A) In “After all, 3-D has not only given Hollywood its biggest payday” (lines 12-13), “after all” shows that the author is pointing out the financial loss with 3-D films.
(B) In “a technology that was already pointless when their grandfathers played with stereoscopes” (lines 21-22), “pointless” is the opposite of “purposeful.” (C) In “A great film completely engages our imaginations” (lines 34-35), the author means that great films can totally involve us when they are in 3-D.
(D) “…this means offering an experience that can’t be had at home” (lines 62-63) is the same as “an experience that can only happen at home”.
(E) “…the gap between the theater and home experiences has been narrowed” (lines 64-65) implies that watching movies at home will be different from watching them in the cinema.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

👉 Questão  05 :
Mark the INCORRECT statement concerning the meanings of the words extracted from the text.
(A) “Current” (line 2) can be replaced with “contemporary”.
(B) “Top” (line 14) is NOT the same as “smallest”.
(C) “Recall” (line 32) is similar to “remember”.
(D) “Leading” (line 40) can be substituted by “important”.
(E) “Slightly” (line 50) can be substituted by “invisible”.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  E 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

👉 Questão  06 :
Check the correct statement concerning reference.
(A) In “Hollywood’s current crazy stampede toward it is suicidal.” (line 2), “it” refers to “stampede”.
(B) In “For some, it is an annoying distraction.” (line 4), “it” refers to “moviegoing experience”.
(C) In ““Look how slowly he grows against the horizon”?” (lines 28-29), “he” refers to “the actor”.
(D) In “Did they “need” 3-D?” (lines 33-34), “they” refers to “movies”.
(E) In “3-D widened it again.” (line 66), “it” refers to “gap”.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  E 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

👉 Questão  07 :
Mark the option that shows experts’ opinions on the health problems caused by exposure to 3-D technology (lines 37-57).
(A) The unusual visual experience can cause mental stress and headaches.
(B) One third of moviegoers complains of headache and eye stress.
(C) Our eyes are not calibrated in the same way that our brain is.
(D) Each eye sees things at a slightly different angle.
(E) Optical illusions can develop muscle imbalance.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

👉 Questão  08 :
“Just” in “a just-published article” (line 55) has the same meaning as “just” in:
(A) It was a just decision.
(B) It is not just a question of economics.
(C) I can’t believe you did that. It’s just stupid.
(D) They just arrived from a holiday in Argentina.
(E) Just as she got into the shower, the phone rang.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

👉 Questão  09 :
In the last paragraph of the text, the author
(A) compares the technological gaps between the digital projectors and widescreen.
(B) argues against the threatening advances of technology in the art of film making.
(C) criticizes the advent of more technology, like the Blu-ray discs and HD cable.
(D) explains why new technology has never helped Hollywood film makers.
(E) lists all the technological advances introduced by the film industry.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  E 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

👉 Questão  10 :
A concluding statement expressing the author’s ideas about 3-D would be:
(A) The main disadvantage of 3-D is the expense of producing the films.
(B) Apart from its financial success, 3-D is a disappointment.
(C) The most important aspect of 3-D is the technical quality.
(D) 3-D causes more harm than good, considering it as entertainment.
(E) Above all, the coming of this kind of film is a threat to the work of actors.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO: