Welcome back to another post!
➧ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: CESPE-2008-HEMOBRAS-NÍVEL SUPERIOR (Vários Cargos), aplicação em 13/12/2008.
➧ BANCA/ORGANIZADOR: CESPE-CEBRASPE-Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisa em Avaliação e Seleção e de Promoção de Eventos.
➧ PADRÃO/COMPOSIÇÃO DA PROVA: 10 questões.
➧ GABARITO:
01-C, 02-E, 03-E, 04-C, 05-E
06-C, 07-C, 08-E, 09-C, 10-E
➧ VOCABULÁRIO:
- [to end = encerrar, terminar]
- [Analysts had also pegged = Analistas também atribuíram]
- [crop = safra, colheita]
- [livelihoods = sustento, meio de vida]
- [family consumption = consumo familiar]
- [food production = produção de alimentos]
- [Modern bioenergy = bioenergia moderna]
- [poor small-scale farmers = agricultores pobres de pequena escala]
- [a right to food issue = uma questão de direito à alimentação.]
- [As for economic issues = Quanto às questões econômicas]
- [In recent years = Nos últimos anos]
- [it can be stated that = pode-se afirmar que]
- [for the first time in many decades = pela primeira vez em muitas décadas]
- [a renewable source of energy = uma fonte renovável de energia]
- [agrofuels = agrocombustíveis]
- [cash crops and plantations = safras e plantações comerciais]
- [climate change = mudanças climáticas]
- [food insecure = insegurança alimentar]
- [income = renda, receita]
- [liquid biofuels = biocombustíveis líquidos]
- [marginal price increases = aumentos marginais de preços]
- [food prices = preços dos alimentos]
- [oil prices = preços do petróleo]
- [world’s population = população mundial]
➧ TEXTO 1: This text refers to items from 01 through 06.
Traditional bioenergy is the dominant source of
energy for about half of the world’s population, and it is used
mainly for cooking. This in itself makes access to bioenergy a right to food issue. Increasingly, though, modern bioenergy
is becoming prominent with a different kind of land-use,
based on cash crops and plantations, and with the use of technologically advanced processing of biomass into liquid
biofuels.Therefore, the term agrofuels might describe the
issue more aptly. In recent years, agrofuels have been seen as part of the solution in combating climate change. They are a
renewable source of energy, and provide new employment
and income opportunities for rural populations. In fact, for the first time in many decades, agricultural commodity prices
are stabilizing at higher levels. In principle, this could benefit
the masses of poor small-scale farmers.
At the same time, however, poor and landless
people are consumers themselves, and marginal price
increases may ruin the livelihoods of those who spend up to 80 percent of their income on food. Statistical evidence
shows that world caloric consumption typically declines as
prices rise, by a ratio of 1:2. If the trend continues, with every one percent rise in the cost of food, a new 16 million
people would be made food insecure. FAO research shows
that food prices will be increasingly linked to oil prices.
Internet:<www.globalpolicy.org>
Based on the text above, judge the following items.
01. Around half of the people over the world use traditional
bionergy primarily for cooking.
02. Modern bioenergy is increasingly being associated with a
different type of land-use, based on food production for
family consumption.
03. Agrofuels is a label given to the advanced processing of
crops.
04. Lately, agrofuels have been considered part of the solution
to help with climate change.
05. People living in rural areas will be negatively affected by the
new source of energy mentioned in the text.
06. In general, the more expensive the price of agricultural
commodities, the better for poor small-scale agricultural
producers.
07. As for economic issues, it can be stated that the use of
agrofuels also presents a negative effect.
08. Caloric consumption is not associated with economic
decline.
09. There will be a growing relation between oil prices and food
costs.
10. In the text, “Therefore” (R.8) means Furthermore.
*Item 16: Around half of the people over the world use traditional bionergy primarily for cooking.(Cerca de metade da população mundial usa a bionergia tradicional principalmente para cozinhar.)
*Item 17: Modern bioenergy is increasingly being associated with a different type of land-use, based on food production for family consumption.(A bioenergia moderna está cada vez mais associada a um tipo diferente de uso do solo, baseado na produção de alimentos para consumo familiar.)
*Item 18: Agrofuels is a label given to the advanced processing of crops.(Agrocombustíveis é um rótulo dado ao processamento avançado de safras.)
*Item 19: Lately, agrofuels have been considered part of the solution to help with climate change.(Ultimamente, os agrocombustíveis têm sido considerados parte da solução para ajudar nas mudanças climáticas.)
➧ESTRUTURAS SINÔNIMAS: Lately = In recent years.
*Item 20: People living in rural areas will be negatively affected by the new source of energy mentioned in the text.(As pessoas que vivem em áreas rurais serão afetadas negativamente pela nova fonte de energia mencionada no texto.)
*Item 21: In general, the more expensive the price of agricultural commodities, the better for poor small-scale agricultural producers.(Em geral, quanto mais caro for o preço das commodities agrícolas, melhor para os pequenos produtores agrícolas pobres.)
*Item 22: As for economic issues, it can be stated that the use of agrofuels also presents a negative effect.(Quanto às questões econômicas, pode-se afirmar que o uso de agrocombustíveis também apresenta um efeito negativo.)
*Item 23: Caloric consumption is not associated with economic decline.(O consumo de calorias não está associado ao declínio econômico.)
*Item 24: There will be a growing relation between oil prices and food costs.(Haverá uma relação crescente entre os preços do petróleo e os custos dos alimentos.)
*Item 25: In the text, “Therefore” (R.8) means Furthermore.
