📝QUESTÕES DE MÚLTIPLA ESCOLHA
🔹30 Multiple Choice Questions | FOUR-Option Question |
❑ Read the text to answer 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25.
The Nobel Prize for Literature Scandal
(By Tim Parks – May 4, 2018.)
We all love a prize, and a scandal, and a chance to shake our heads when the great and good fall into disgrace.
So for
the past few weeks, the Swedish Academy, which awards the Nobel Prize for Literature, has offered excellent
entertainment.
The Academy will postpone the 2018 literature prize until next year.
The comedy is that it has taken
accusations of sexual abuse — directed not at a member of the academy, but at the husband of a member — to call the
prize into question.
It requires very little reflection to see that this international award for literature never had, nor ever
could have any credibility at all.
To recount the scandal in detail would be a red herring, but here is an outline: Katarina
Frostenson, a poet, became a member of the Swedish Academy in 1992.
Together with her French husband, the
photographer Jean-Claude Arnault, she also ran a cultural club, Forum, that receives funding from the Swedish Academy.
Amid the “Me Too” movement, 18 women have come forward accusing Mr. Arnault of improper sexual behavior, some
taking place at Forum itself.
The Swedish Academy, which was formed in 1786 to promote the “purity, strength and sublimity of the Swedish
language”; in 1900 was called on, by Alfred Nobel’s legacy, to choose the finest literary pieces of “an idealistic tendency”
anywhere in the world, something that obliged the Swedish purists to spend much of their time reading in foreign
languages.
In line with an antique vision of endeavor and human identity, the Academy’s statute has no provision for
members resigning; like knighted lords or ordained priests, they are in it for life, anointed, as it were, with the capacity
to promote Swedish purity and hand out $1 million or so every year to a fine writer whose work can be construed as
“idealistic”.
Such is the world’s eagerness that some solid ground be established in the shifting sands of aesthetic taste, such
our desire to have our own literary favorites crowned and “canonized”, such the ambition of writers themselves to
believe that they have joined the “greats”, that the Nobel has become the centerpiece ceremony in our annual literary
liturgy, source of endless speculation and heated controversy, and in the months before the October announcement of
the winner, bookmakers do a brisk trade.
Along with sexual assault, Mr. Arnault is also accused of leaking the names of
seven winners and thus allowing acquaintances to profit from bets.
Though Ms. Frostenson can hardly be reproached
for connivance in her husband’s groping, she is suspected of complicity in the leaks. And yet, why would misbehavior or
bickering make a person any less able to judge the quality of a work of literature? You don’t have to be a saint to
recognize a good book.
On the other hand, literature is not tennis or football, where international competition makes
sense. It is intimately tied to the language and culture from which it emerges.
Literary style distinguishes itself by its
distance from the other styles that surround it, implying a community of readers with a shared knowledge of other
literary works, of standard language usage and cultural context.
As the Swedes squirm with embarrassment, it really is
time to grow up and concentrate on the books themselves, without this razzmatazz of winners and losers.
🔗(Available: https://www.nytimes.com. Adapted.)
21
“Bookmakers” (L22) refers to
A) Editors.
B) Writers.
C) Partners.
D) Gamblers.
💡 GABARITO D
🧩🔹 Trecho do texto:
🔹"[...] the Nobel has become the centerpiece ceremony in our annual literary liturgy, source of endless speculation and heated controversy, and in the months before the October announcement of the winner, bookmakers do a brisk trade."
🔹O Nobel tornou-se a cerimônia central de nossa liturgia literária anual, uma fonte inesgotável de especulações e acaloradas controvérsias, e, nos meses que antecedem o anúncio do vencedor em outubro, as casas de apostas fazem negócios movimentados.
🔹"do a brisk trade" = “fazem negócios intensos”, “movimentam muito dinheiro”, ou “têm bastante atividade comercial”.
🔹 Palavra-chave:
Bookmakers
🔹 Significado real:
🔗Cambridge Dictionary → "bookmaker" – "agente de apostas" – a person who accepts and pays out amounts of money risked on a particular result, especially of horse races.
🔹Em inglês, "bookmakers" são pessoas ou empresas que organizam e aceitam apostas sobre resultados de eventos — como corridas, esportes ou, neste caso, quem será o vencedor do Prêmio Nobel de Literatura.
➡️ Portanto, não tem nada a ver com “editores” (editors) ou “autores” (writers).
🔹Refere-se a “apostadores” ou “operadores de apostas”.
🟨 ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:
🅐 ❌Editors → responsáveis pela edição de textos.
🅑 ❌Writers → são os autores de obras literárias.
🅒 ❌Partners → parceiros, não tem relação com o contexto.
🅓 ✅Gamblers → pessoas que fazem apostas.
💡 PEGADINHA → A palavra book pode levar o leitor a pensar em “livros”, mas em bookmaker, “book” significa registro de apostas.
22
It is true about the text that:
A) The Academy might disregard sexual misbehavior.
B) Frostenson may have profited from privileged data.
C) The Academy has charged a one million prize a year.
D) Mr. Arnault denied having practiced a misdemeanor.
💡 GABARITO B
🧩 TRECHO RELEVANTE DO TEXTO:
🔹"[...] Along with sexual assault, Mr. Arnault is also accused of leaking the names of seven winners and thus allowing acquaintances to profit from bets.
Though Ms. Frostenson can hardly be reproached for connivance in her husband’s groping, she is suspected of complicity in the leaks."
🔹Além da acusação de assédio sexual, o Sr. Arnault também é acusado de vazar os nomes de sete vencedores, permitindo assim que conhecidos lucrassem com apostas. Embora a Sra. Frostenson mal possa ser repreendida por conivência com os toques inapropriados do marido, ela é suspeita de cumplicidade nos vazamentos.
🔹CONTEXTO:
🔹O texto afirma que Jean-Claude Arnault (marido de Frostenson) foi acusado de vazar nomes de vencedores do Prêmio Nobel antes do anúncio oficial.
🔹Esse vazamento teria permitido que pessoas próximas lucrassem com apostas (profit from bets).
🔹A poeta Katarina Frostenson é suspeita de envolvimento (complicity) nesses vazamentos.
🟨 ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:
🅐 ❌The Academy might disregard sexual misbehavior.
🔹O texto mostra que o escândalo gerou vergonha e reação, não indiferença.
🅑 🔹Frostenson may have profited from privileged data.
🔹 Correta — ela é suspeita de envolvimento nos vazamentos de informações privilegiadas, que geraram lucro em apostas.
🅒 ❌The Academy has charged a one million prize a year.
🔹O texto diz que a Academia entrega cerca de 1 milhão de dólares ao vencedor, não que ela cobre (charge).
🅓 ❌Mr. Arnault denied having practiced a misdemeanor.
🔹O texto não menciona negação por parte dele; apenas que ele foi acusado.
💡 PEGADINHA → A palavra charged em 🅒 e a ideia de disregard em 🅐 podem confundir quem não prestar atenção ao tom crítico e às acusações no texto.
23
“Me too” movement (L09) refers to:
A) Specific request of halting movement.
B) Biased judgment to accuse somebody.
C) An organized effort to promote prejudice.
D) The volunteer offer to furnish information.
💡 GABARITO D
🧩Trecho relevante do texto:
“Amid the ‘Me Too’ movement, 18 women have come forward accusing Mr. Arnault of improper sexual behavior, some taking place at Forum itself.”
🔹CONTEXTO:
🔹O “Me Too” movement (Movimento #MeToo) surgiu como um movimento social global em que mulheres passaram a denunciar publicamente casos de assédio e abuso sexual, especialmente contra figuras poderosas.
🔹 Assim, no texto, significa que 18 mulheres decidiram vir a público e relatar abusos — ou seja, “furnished information voluntarily.”
🟨 ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:
🅐 ❌Specific request of halting movement.
Não se trata de interromper movimento algum; “Me Too” é o nome de um movimento social.
🅑 ❌Biased judgment to accuse somebody.
O texto não sugere julgamento tendencioso, mas sim denúncias de vítimas.
🅒 An organized effort to promote prejudice.
O movimento não promove preconceito, mas busca denunciar abusos e promover justiça.
🅓 ✅The volunteer offer to furnish information.
Correta — corresponde ao sentido de que as mulheres se apresentaram voluntariamente para contar suas experiências de abuso (“have come forward accusing…”).
💡 PEGADINHA → Muitos alunos interpretam “movement” literalmente (como movimento físico ou político) e não percebem que “Me Too” é um nome próprio de um movimento social de denúncias espontâneas.
24
“Hardly” (L23) means:
A) Likely.
B) Barely.
C) Probably.
D) Relentlessly.
💡 GABARITO B
🧩🧩 Trecho do texto
“Though Ms. Frostenson can hardly be reproached for connivance in her husband’s groping, she is suspected of complicity in the leaks.”
💡 Significado de “hardly”
O advérbio hardly significa “mal”, “dificilmente”, “quase não”.
No contexto, o autor diz que é difícil censurar Frostenson pelo comportamento do marido.
🟨 ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:
🅐 ❌Likely → significa provável. É o oposto de “hardly”, que indica improvável.
🅑 ✅Barely → significa mal, por pouco, dificilmente. É o sinônimo exato de “hardly”.
🅒 ❌Probably → significa provavelmente, também contrário à ideia de “hardly”.
🅓 ❌Relentlessly → significa implacavelmente, sem parar, sem relação com o contexto.
💡 PEGADINHA → As alternativas 🅐 likely e 🅒 probably parecem corretas por também tratarem de probabilidade, mas elas expressam o oposto — algo provável.
Já “hardly” expressa quase nenhuma chance, ou seja, mal / dificilmente.
25
The Academy will currently award books:
A) Prizes for featuring the western canon.
B) Focusing on the anointed authors’ flaws.
C) Highlighting some visionary penchant sort.
D) Over a million with the cleric endorsement.
💡 GABARITO C
🧩🧩 Trecho do texto
“The Swedish Academy ... was called on, by Alfred Nobel’s legacy, to choose the finest literary pieces of ‘an idealistic tendency’ anywhere in the world...”
💡 Compreensão
O texto explica que o prêmio Nobel de Literatura é concedido a obras de tendência idealista, ou seja, que revelam uma visão ideal, criativa ou visionária — algo mais elevado e inspirado, o que se relaciona à ideia de “visionary penchant” (inclinação visionária).
🟨 ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:
🅐 ❌Prizes for featuring the western canon → incorreta. O texto não menciona que o prêmio se restringe ao cânone ocidental.
🅑 ❌Focusing on the anointed authors’ flaws → incorreta. O prêmio não destaca falhas dos autores, mas suas obras idealistas.
🅒 ✅Highlighting some visionary penchant sort → correta. Expressa perfeitamente o propósito descrito — premiar obras com tendência idealista / visão inspirada.
🅓 ❌Over a million with the cleric endorsement → Embora mencione over a million, a parte cleric endorsement (aprovação clerical) não aparece no texto.
💡 PEGADINHA → A alternativa 🅓 engana por citar over a million (valor real do prêmio), mas adiciona uma informação falsa (cleric endorsement).
Somente 🅒 traduz corretamente a essência do texto — premiar obras de tendência idealista e visionária.
❑ Analyse the sentences containing underlined parts to answer 26, 27, 28, 29 and 30.
26
Mark the item corresponding to the inconsistent underlined part correction.
- If you hadn’t let the dog out(A), he wouldn’t(B) be caught(C) by(D) the dog catchters.
A) allow the dog out.
B) would have.
C) have been caught.
D) for.
💡 GABARITO C
🧩
27
Mark the item corresponding to the inconsistent underlined part correction.
- It’s necessary that(A) your son is(B) present to study sessions to make up for(C) his poor performance in(D) the exam.
A) for.
B) be.
C) to.
D) at.
💡 GABARITO B
🧩
28
Mark the item corresponding to the inconsistent underlined part correction.
- Sue as soon as you’re back from lunch, get somebody take the letters to be mailed.
A) you will be back.
B) to.
C) to take.
D) mail.
💡 GABARITO C
🧩
29
Mark the item corresponding to the inconsistent underlined part correction.
- I wonder if dad will ever let me to drive his new car, I don’t think he will.
A) doubt.
B) never.
C) drive.
D) does.
💡 GABARITO C
🧩
30
Mark the item corresponding to the inconsistent underlined part correction.
- He said he wasn’t making any business because he wasn’t used to the new position. A B C D
A) told.
B) doing.
C) whereas.
D) place.
💡 GABARITO B
🧩
❑ Analyse the dialogues to answer 31, 32, 33, 34 and 35.
- Fay: I guess that’s it, Tony. I’m leaving for good.
- Tony: Let me get it straight, how come you’ve made that decision?
31
What will Fay do?
A) She wants to leave in a good mood.
B) She will get Tony to make a decision.
C) She ‘ll leave for a good period of time.
D) She is meant to be gone permanently.
💡 GABARITO D
🧩
- Charles: This report says we’re almost broke due to the last acquisitions our company made!
- Gerald: Don’t worry I got it covered.
32
What does Gerald mean?
A) He has the means to overcome the problem.
B) He’s going to sell the company to cover debt.
C) He is willing to hide the facts from the public.
D) He’s the one to blame for financial problems.
💡 GABARITO A
🧩
- Marsha: What did that character want?
- Cindy: Beats me!
33
What are the girls talking about?
A) They are talking about a person who has a lousy character.
B) They’re talking about an odd person who approached them.
C) They’re talking about a theater play they have seen together.
D) They are talking about someone who wants to beat Cindy up.
💡 GABARITO B
🧩
Rose: What do you think of Harry?
Meg: Are you trying to set me up with him?
34
What does the second question mean?
A) Rose wants to catch Harry cheating on beloved friends.
B) Rose wants Harry and Meg to really bypass each other.
C) Rose wants Meg and Harry to become unbeatable foes.
D) Rose wants Meg and Harry to turn to more than friends.
💡 GABARITO D
🧩
Marian: What if mom finds out you’ve smuggled a dog into the basement?
Arthur: I will cross that bridge when I come to it.
35
What will Arthur do?
A) He will hide the dog by the bridge.
B) He will think about that matter later.
C) When he is by the bridge he’ll quit it.
D) After crossing the bridge he’ll decide.
💡 GABARITO B
🧩
❑ Read the text to answer 36 and 37.
Empowering teachers to promote inclusive education, a literature review
It is important that assessment processes and procedures in ITE (Inclusive Teaching Education) are coherent, using a
variety of assessment modes, for formative as well as summative purposes (Teaching Council, 2011a).
The European
Commission (2014) notes that prospective teachers are often assessed using portfolios, which might prepare them to use
this type of assessment in their teaching.
Literature Review 25 The Agency’s TE4I report noted the need for assessment in
ITE to change in line with more active teaching methods.
It stressed that across both academic assignments and school
practice there is a need for: ‘assessment for learning’ approaches that encourage student/teachers to reflect on their
own work and performance and […] formulate their own targets for improvement (European Agency, 2011a, p. 23). It also
noted the importance of guided reflection and teacher educators developing knowledge of students’ understanding to
provide appropriate challenges together with good models of inclusive assessment practice.
Echeita (2014) mentions that
at a national or regional level, it is also necessary to set out clear standards for graduating student/teachers, allowing
them to monitor whether they have correctly learned the competences related to inclusive education.
🔗(Available: https://www.european-agency.org.)
36
According to the text:
A) Educational procedures shape teacher evaluation practices.
B) Reflexive approaches on learning will harm student conduct.
C) Students’ competences should be monitored at foreign level.
D) More active teaching methods cross out the use of portfolios.
💡 GABARITO A
🧩
37
In order to cater to Inclusive Teaching Education, assessment should
A) formulate their own forfeits.
B) involve scant practical action.
C) include an array of processes.
D) rule out the standard abilities.
💡 GABARITO C
🧩
❑ Read the text to answer 38 and 39.
Classroom interaction is studied from a social interaction perspective to unearth the mechanisms teachers and
students use to conduct their classroom business.
Classroom interaction research originated, like all social interaction
research, when in the 1960s recording technology such as cameras and microphones became accessible for researchers.
Recording techniques have ranged from one hand-held camera to several cameras on poles, and from researchers sitting
or even participating in the classroom, to those who witnessed the lesson on a monitor in an adjacent room, or only saw
the recordings afterwards.
Audio has been recorded following the available technology and research aims with cameramounted or separate microphones, or wireless individual microphones on the teacher or on individual students.
Recent
digital technology has allowed these different streams to be fed directly into a computer where they can be synchronised
with each other and with subsequent transcripts.
Sometimes, classroom recordings have been supplemented by
interviews of different kinds, and ethnographic information on factors such as ethnicity or social class.
Also, additional
information has been assembled on school policy or teacher planning, and additional recordings have been in the school
yard, all depending on research aims and researchers’ views on methodology and epistemology.
🔗(Available: www.rug.nl/staff/tom.koole/classroominteractionkoole.)
38
Classroom interaction research does NOT do without
A) data.
B) witness.
C) streams.
D) assemble.
💡 GABARITO A
🧩
39
Some of instances of ethnographic information given in the text are
A) school policies.
B) teacher plannings.
C) ethical questioning.
D) racial backgrounds.
💡 GABARITO D
🧩
Read the text to answer 40, 41, 42, 43, 44 and 45.
Cultural diversity and cultural identity in globalization
In the process of globalization winners are the countries with highly developed mass media as complex systems which
are able to broadcast and receive diverse information which are used as basic development resource.
On the other side
are the developing countries which suffer their impact. Their characteristic is the small capacity to adapt to innovations
that came from outside and that is why their cultural identity is called into question.
Mass media are not only instruments
for spreading popular culture and industries, but at the same time, their use enables cultural hegemony. Mass media,
society, local culture, and media content are closely related.
By exhibiting TV shows, movies, dramas etc. media will reflect
values specific to local culture. So, we can talk about displaying commerciality as feature of American culture, Japanese
aesthetic values, French tendency to philosophize... One of the main functions of mass media is to transfer cultural
inheritance, information about the past, values of a given society, and to furnish cultural directive for life, action, and
behavior.
Despite the globalization of the economy, and the emergence of international political institutions, global
dissemination of culture (mass media, education, modernization, urbanization, the spread of literacy) from the late 20th
century has strengthened national identities. Modern nationalism is less focused on defending the country and more
inclined to defend the established cultural identity.
The identities represent the defense against unpredictability, disorder,
and changes of globalization. In the last three decades there is strong trend to resisting globalization and cosmopolitanism
as a form of defense of cultural identity.
“God, nations, families and communities will ensure eternal figures that cannot be
broken down and around which society will develop a counter-culture of real virtuality”.
Castells considers that individuals
carry with them the eternal truth, the values that cannot be virtualized or destroyed. As the globalization process
strengthens the coming of cultural integrity and identity problems are more prevalent.
Dominant monoculture stands
against local, national and traditional cultures with the progressive disintegration of traditional culture value patterns.
(Available: www.wseas.us/e-library/conferences/2013. Adapted.)
40
Gerund use does NOT follow the same pattern of “spreading” (L05) in
A) “exhibiting” (L06).
C) “displaying” (L07).
B) “developing” (L03).
D) “defending” (L12).
💡 GABARITO B
🧩
41
“Enables” (L05) means
A) allows.
B) hinders.
C) thwarts.
D) challenges.
💡 GABARITO A
🧩
42
“Media” (L04) was used as
A) plural adjective.
B) plural of medium.
C) singular adjective.
D) singular of medium.
💡 GABARITO B
🧩
43
“Which” (L16) refers back to
A) figures.
B) society.
C) families.
D) communities.
💡 GABARITO A
🧩
44
National identities have been strengthened by
A) global cultural spread.
C) economy’s globalization.
B) the twentieth century.
D) international institutions.
💡 GABARITO A
🧩
45
According to the text, identity difies
A) commitment.
B) instability.
C) settlement.
D) accomplishment.
💡 GABARITO B
🧩
Read the text to answer 46 and 47.
A typical textbook following this method consisted of chapters or lessons organized around grammar points. Each
grammar point was listed, rules on its use were explained, and it was illustrated by sample sentences. Its main chacteristics
were:
a) The goal of foreign language study is to learn a language in order to read its literature or in order to benefit from the
mental discipline and intellectual development that result from the foreign language study.
b) Reading and writing are the major focus: little or no systematic attention is paid to speaking or listening.
c) Vocabulary selection is based on the reading texts used, and words are taught through bilingual lists, dictionary
study, and memorization.
d) The sentence is the basic unit of teaching and language practice.
e) Accuracy is utter goal, since students are expected to attain high standards of achievement.
f) Grammar is taught deductively, that is, by presentation and study of grammar rules, which are introduced and
practiced in an organized systematic way.
g) The student’s native language is the medium of instruction.
It is used to explain new items and to enable comparisons.
🔗(Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching, Richards and Rodgers.)
46
“Sample sentences” (L02) means:
A) Formal sentences.
B) Unique sentences.
C) Instance sentences.
D) Colloquial sentences.
💡 GABARITO C
🧩
47
According to the text, it’s correct to state that:
A) Performance appraisal seeks excellence.
B) Native language judicious use is averted.
C) Languages are created through trial/error.
D) The method described’s student centered.
💡 GABARITO A
🧩
48
The item that does NOT describe a Communicative Language Teaching feature is:
A) Grammatical explanation is avoided.
B) Drilling may occur but peripherically.
C) Translation may be used if beneficial.
D) Language is created by the individual.
💡 GABARITO A
🧩
Read the text to answer 49 and 50.
Curriculum planners view debates over teaching method as part of a broader set of educational planning decisions.
These traditionally involve:
a) The careful examination, drawing on all available sources of knowledge and informed judgement, of teaching
objectives, whether in particular subject courses or over the curriculum as a whole.
b) The development and trial use in school of those methods and materials which are judged most likely to achieve the
objectives which teachers agreed upon.
c) The assessment of the extent to which the development work has in fact achieved its objectives. This part of the
process may be expected to provoke new thought about the objectives themselves.
d) The fnal element is therefore the feedback of all the experience gained, to provide a starting point for further study.
🔗(Nicholls and Nicholls, 1972.)
49
According to the text, debate over teaching method cannot
A) see methods as wider planning issue elements.
B) view curriculum as the one decision making tool.
C) be determined from planning practices evalution.
D) use data from achieved objectives interpretation.
💡 GABARITO B
🧩
50
“Trial use” (L05), in the context, means:
A) Teacher’s judment over the blame.
C) Formal examination before a judge.
B) Final choice on educational matter.
D) Suitability testing to regarding aims.
💡 GABARITO D
🧩
