UECE – 2025.2 – Língua Inglesa – Vestibular – 1ª Fase – Universidade Estadual do Ceará

📄CADERNO DE PROVA

📄GABARITO OFICIAL

📝 TEXTO

1️⃣ Texto – | Here’s One More Reason to Try to Exercise | www.nytimes.com |

📝 ESTILO MÚLTIPLA ESCOLHAS

🔹 8 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions)

🔹Four-Option Question.

❑ TEXTO

Here’s One More Reason to Try to Exercise

(Mais um motivo para você se exercitar)

📌 1️⃣ Tradução literal

🔹“Aqui está mais um motivo para tentar se exercitar.”

🔹Mantém a estrutura do inglês. Boa compreensão, mas soa um pouco rígida.

📌 2️⃣ Tradução natural / fluida

🔹“Mais um motivo para você se exercitar.”

🔹Mais direta, natural em português. Elimina a palavra “tentar”, tornando a frase mais motivacional e persuasiva.

📌 3️⃣ Tradução jornalística / chamativa

🔹“Descubra mais um motivo para se exercitar.”

🔹Ótima para título de artigo ou blog. A palavra “descubra” chama atenção do leitor, convite à ação.

📌 4️⃣ Tradução motivacional / publicitária

🔹“Ainda mais um bom motivo para praticar exercícios.”

🔹Tom leve, persuasivo. Excelente para revistas de saúde ou campanhas de bem-estar.

Next time you’re feeling the burn during a workout, it might give you a boost to know that exercise can also be a balm: Research suggests it is one of the best tools for fighting chronic inflammation.

Inflammation has emerged as a looming health concern in recent years — experts say it can be both a cause and a sign of disease. 

And while there’s still a lot we don’t know about its significance, most experts agree that the less chronically inflamed we are, the healthier we are. 

The scientific evidence is also clear that people who are sedentary tend to have higher levels of inflammation compared to people who exercise regularly. 

And when sedentary people start moving consistently, their inflammation levels generally decline. 

Some researchers believe that exercise’s power to fight inflammation may even be at the heart of why physical activity is so effective at protecting us against cardiovascular disease, diabetes, dementia and other chronic diseases. 

The growing understanding that exercise and inflammation are linked has been relatively recent, and this has spurred a boom of research into the connection, said Dr. Robert Shmerling, a rheumatologist and a medical editor at Harvard Health Publishing. 

Here’s what we know — and what it means for you. While inflammation may seem like a menace, it serves a vital function in keeping you healthy. 

For example, after a paper cut or an ankle sprain, immune cells flood the area, which causes the surrounding tissue to swell and turn red — this kind of acute inflammation usually resolves in a few days. 

A similar process happens when you get an infection, like a cold or the flu. But chronic inflammation is a low-grade condition that can simmer for years. 

It can begin with an infection or injury, but then morph into a lingering state, in which the immune system starts attacking healthy tissue, Dr. Shmerling said. 

Chronic inflammation can also be linked to diet, stress, smoking, obesity, sleep quality and your level of physical activity. 

And it increases as you age (a process that researchers call “inflammaging”). 

Experts suspect this prolonged immune response may put you at greater risk for disease, and in some cases, make you feel fatigued, depressed or foggy. 

A doctor can usually detect chronic inflammation through blood tests that measure specific chemicals, or biomarkers, released by your immune system. 

Research suggests that consistent, moderate exercise can fight inflammation by tamping down on the release of inflammatory chemicals, and ramping up the release of chemicals that fight it. 

Exercise can also lower inflammation indirectly, for example, by improving sleep quality and lowering stress. 

For people who are sedentary, exercise is especially effective at counteracting inflammation, experts said. 

Certain kinds of fat cells have been shown to release chemicals into the blood that cause low-grade inflammation. 

When someone who has been sedentary starts working out consistently, not only does their fat tissue often shrink, but studies also suggest that the physical activity might alter their fat cells so they produce fewer inflammatory substances, Dr. Shmerling said. Regardless, there’s no downside to someone taking up exercise, Dr. Shmerling added. 

“They may get healthier in a hurry, and it might have nothing to do with inflammation,” he said. “The outcome is still a positive one.” 

While research hasn’t yet given us a prescription for exactly what kind and how much exercise is most effective for fighting inflammation, experts share tips for making the most of exercise’s potential impact on it. 

Most moderate-intensity exercise seems to reduce inflammation in the short term, and the more consistently you work out, the more you keep chronic inflammation at bay, said Suzi Hong, a professor at the University of California San Diego’s School of Public Health. 

Dr. Hong and her team found that a single, moderate, 20-minute treadmill workout, such as a brisk walk or jog, sparked a temporary anti-inflammatory response. 

If you’re breathing harder than usual to keep up the pace, and you feel like you’re putting in moderate effort, she said, you’re probably fighting inflammation. 

For lasting benefits, though, you have to make it a habit. For starters, resistance training helps to reduce inflammation-causing fat cells, particularly when combined with regular aerobic exercise. 

People with chronic inflammation tend to lose muscle mass more rapidly as they age than those with less inflammation, so strength training may be especially important for them to remain mobile and independent. 

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend that adults make time for at least two strength-training sessions per week. 

Chronic stress is another contributor to inflammation, so finding a workout you enjoy may offer greater anti-inflammatory benefits by helping to relieve stress. 

If you’re looking for a place to start, a large body of research suggests that yoga can help to calm the nervous system, lower inflammatory markers and lessen symptoms of diseases associated with chronic inflammation. 

Avoid overtraining, since repeated intense workouts without appropriate recovery can heighten your levels of inflammation and weaken your immune system. 

As with many other aspects of health, moderation and consistency are keys to getting and staying fit — and to fighting inflammation for the long haul. 

🔗Adapted from: https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/19/ 

78. According to the text, the connection between exercise and inflammation is in fact an issue that researchers have approached and acknowledged 

A) since the early 1980s. 

B) since the end of the last century. 

C) quite recently. 

D) after Dr. Shmerling study. 

💡 GABARITO  🄲  

According to the text, the connection between exercise and inflammation is in fact an issue that researchers have approached and acknowledged 

A) ❌since the early 1980s.

📌Análise: Não há menção a datas específicas como 1980 no texto. Texto não indica que o tema é antigo. 

B) ❌since the end of the last century.

📌Análise: Não há referência a fim de século XX ou anos 1990. Texto fala em pesquisa recente, não histórica. 

C) ✅quite recently.

📌Análise: Correta: o texto indica que o tema é reconhecido apenas recentemente.

🔹"[...] The growing understanding that exercise and inflammation are linked has been relatively recent, and this has spurred a boom of research into the connection, said Dr. Robert Shmerling..." 

D) ❌after Dr. Shmerling study.

📌Análise: Texto menciona Dr. Shmerling comentando a pesquisa, mas não diz que a conexão só foi reconhecida após o estudo dele. Ele apenas explica a pesquisa, não é o marco inicial.

79. As researchers explore in their studies the link between sedentarism and inflammation, it has been revealed that 

A) consistent and moderate exercise decreases inflammation levels. 

B) intense workout is the best way to fight inflammation. 

C) chronic inflammation can hardly be affected by exercise. 

D) a long walk a week is enough to keep chronic inflammation at bay. 

💡 GABARITO  🄰  

As researchers explore in their studies the link between sedentarism and inflammation, it has been revealed that 

A) ✅consistent and moderate exercise decreases inflammation levels.

🔹"[...] Research suggests that consistent, moderate exercise can fight inflammation by tamping down on the release of inflammatory chemicals, and ramping up the release of chemicals that fight it." 

B) ❌intense workout is the best way to fight inflammation. 

C) ❌chronic inflammation can hardly be affected by exercise. 

D) ❌a long walk a week is enough to keep chronic inflammation at bay.

80. Some researchers consider that exercise’s power to combat inflammation may be a key aspect related to the importance of physical activity to shield us from health problems like, for example, 

A) migraines and dementia. 

B) diabetes and breast cancer. 

C) heart disease and diabetes. 

D) dementia and osteoporosis. 

💡 GABARITO  🄲  

Some researchers consider that exercise’s power to combat inflammation may be a key aspect related to the importance of physical activity to shield us from health problems like, for example, 

A) ❌migraines and dementia. 

B) ❌diabetes and breast cancer. 

C) ✅heart disease and diabetes.

🔹"[...] Some researchers believe that exercise’s power to fight inflammation may even be at the heart of why physical activity is so effective at protecting us against cardiovascular disease, diabetes, dementia and other chronic diseases." 

D) ❌dementia and osteoporosis. 

81. Dr. Shmerling explains that chronic inflammation is a condition that remains active for years, leading the immune system to attack healthy cells/tissues. Its appearance can be associated, among other factors, to 

A) stress and lack of vitamins. 

B) eating habits and stress. 

C) prescription drugs intake. 

D) high blood pressure. 

💡 GABARITO  🄱  

Dr. Shmerling explains that chronic inflammation is a condition that remains active for years, leading the immune system to attack healthy cells/tissues. Its appearance can be associated, among other factors, to 

A) ❌stress and lack of vitamins. 

B) ✅eating habits and stress.

🔹"[...] Chronic inflammation can also be linked to diet, stress, smoking, obesity, sleep quality and your level of physical activity." 

C) ❌prescription drugs intake. 

D) ❌high blood pressure. 

82. The process referred to by researchers as ‘inflammaging’ is related to 

A) lower level of inflammation as a person gets older. 

B) stagnating level of inflammation as a person gets older. 

C) higher level of inflammation as a person gets older. 

D) none of the answers mentioned above is correct. 

💡 GABARITO  🄲  

The process referred to by researchers as ‘inflammaging’ is related to 

A) ❌lower level of inflammation as a person gets older. 

B) ❌stagnating level of inflammation as a person gets older. 

C) ✅higher level of inflammation as a person gets older.

🔹"[...] And it increases as you age (a process that researchers call ‘inflammaging’)." 

D) ❌none of the answers mentioned above is correct.

83. Among the signs related to chronic inflammation, the text mentions 

A) headaches and a foggy brain. 

B) extreme tiredness and depression. 

C) insomnia and fatigue. 

D) sleepiness and anxiety. 

💡 GABARITO  🄱  

Among the signs related to chronic inflammation, the text mentions 

A) ❌headaches and a foggy brain. 

B) ✅extreme tiredness and depression.

🔹"[...] Experts suspect this prolonged immune response may put you at greater risk for disease, and in some cases, make you feel fatigued, depressed or foggy." 

C) ❌insomnia and fatigue. 

D) ❌sleepiness and anxiety.

84. As to recommendations of types of exercises to reduce chronic inflammation, the text suggests resistance/strength training specially to people who are losing muscle mass in the process of aging because this type of exercise would contribute to 

A) make them relax. 

B) give them energy. 

C) bring them to the gym. 

D) keep them moving. 

💡 GABARITO  🄳  

As to recommendations of types of exercises to reduce chronic inflammation, the text suggests resistance/strength training specially to people who are losing muscle mass in the process of aging because this type of exercise would contribute to 

A) make them relax. 

B) give them energy. 

C) bring them to the gym. 

D) keep them moving.

🔹"[...] People with chronic inflammation tend to lose muscle mass more rapidly as they age than those with less inflammation, so strength training may be especially important for them to remain mobile and independent."

85. Another recommendation presented in the text as to types of exercises to reduce chronic inflammation is yoga. Among the reasons for that suggestion, the text mentions the advantage of 

A) being a light exercise. 

B) bringing fitness. 

C) mitigating symptoms. 

D) promoting flexibility.

💡 GABARITO  🄲  

Another recommendation presented in the text as to types of exercises to reduce chronic inflammation is yoga. Among the reasons for that suggestion, the text mentions the advantage of 

A) being a light exercise. 

B) bringing fitness. 

C) mitigating symptoms.

🔹"[...] If you’re looking for a place to start, a large body of research suggests that yoga can help to calm the nervous system, lower inflammatory markers and lessen symptoms of diseases associated with chronic inflammation." 

D) promoting flexibility. 

UECE – 2025.2 – Língua Inglesa – Vestibular – 2ª Fase – Universidade Estadual do Ceará

 

📄CADERNO DE PROVA

📄GABARITO OFICIAL

📝 TEXTO

1️⃣ Texto – | Seize the day – Virginia Woolf’s Mrs Dalloway at 100 |

📝 ESTILO MÚLTIPLA ESCOLHAS

🔹 20 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions)

🔹Four-Option Question.

❑ TEXTO:

Seize the day – Virginia Woolf’s Mrs Dalloway at 100

(Aproveite o dia – Mrs Dalloway, de Virginia Woolf, aos 100 anos.)

📘 Expressões relevantes:

🔹"Seize the day” é uma tradução direta do latim “Carpe diem”, famosa expressão de Horácio.

👉 Sentido: aproveitar o presente ao máximo, viver intensamente o momento, não deixar as oportunidades passarem. "Aproveite o dia" - A mais comum, equivalente direta e natural." Aproveite o momento". Dá ênfase ao presente, sem mencionar literalmente “dia”. "Viva o hoje". Mais poética e breve, transmite urgência de viver o presente. "Não deixe o dia passar". Enfatiza a ideia de não desperdiçar tempo."Viva o agora". Uma versão mais moderna e motivacional.

🔹"Seize" = agarrar, tomar posse com firmeza, capturar.

🔹"Mrs Dalloway" é um dos romances mais importantes de Virginia Woolf, publicado em 1925, e considerado um marco da literatura modernista.

Mrs Dalloway is explicitly quotidian. It follows ordinary people through ordinary activities on an ordinary day – shopping, walking in the park, riding the bus, going to appointments, mending a dress. 

As Woolf’s characters go about their day, scenes and impressions are filtered through their individual consciousnesses, threaded together with language, images and memories. 

The novel opens with the famous line “Mrs Dalloway said she would buy the flowers herself”, a sentence remarkable for its banality, as well as for its commitment to the in medias res plunge into life that Woolf was so keen on. 

The iconic status of the line is demonstrated by the number of online parodies it inspires, perhaps only surpassed by William Carlos Williams’s poem This Is Just To Say, which has become a verified meme.  

On Good Friday 1924, Woolf wrote on a page of the manuscript she was drafting – then called The Hours – that “I will write whatever I want to write.” 

She could write whatever she wanted to write because she owned her own publishing house, The Hogarth Press. 

The actual press was in the basement of her suburban Richmond home. 

Mrs Dalloway was the second of Woolf’s novels to be self-published in this way. 

Being a small-press publisher allowed her to experiment formally in ways that would have been impossible if she was working with a mainstream publisher. 

In A Writer’s Diary, she describes her process as both exploratory and technical. 

On August 30, 1923, she wrote: “I dig out beautiful caves behind my characters”. 

Later, in October 1924: “I practise writing; do my scales”. Despite Woolf’s refusal to compromise with mainstream tastes, Mrs Dalloway was well received. 

Her contemporaries recognised the novel’s importance immediately. 

“An intellectual triumph”, proclaimed P.C. Kennedy in the New Statesman; “a cathedral”, pronounced E.M. Forster in the New Criterion. 

It sold moderately well: 1,500 copies within about a month of its publication on May 14 – more than her prior novel, Jacob’s Room, had sold in a year. 

Woolf’s novel was revolutionary for its depiction of same-sex attraction and mental illness, as well as for its challenge to the novel form and representation of time. 

Septimus, so capable as a soldier in the Great War, buries the trauma of seeing his commanding officer Evans killed, only to have it resurface in visual and aural hallucinations, of Evans behind the trees, and birds singing in Greek. 

He perceives, as Clarissa does, the burden of the past upon the present, and he suffers as a result of the coercion of the social system. 

“In this book I have almost too many ideas,” Woolf wrote in her diary on June 19, 1923. 

“I want to give life and death, sanity and insanity; I want to criticise the social system, and to show it at work, at its most intense.” 

Woolf’s ideas have inspired scores of interpretations, focusing on time, space, reality, psychology, domesticity, history, sexual relations, politics, fashion, the environment, health and illness. 

She is now probably the most written-about 20th century English author. 

I can remember vividly first reading this novel as an undergraduate, after which I devoured Woolf’s revolutionary 1929 essay A Room of One’s Own, which criticised the educational, economic and social constraints that prevented women, in many instances, from writing anything at all. 

Woolf, of course, could and did write. 

This was a function, as she knew, of her financial and class privilege. 

In her fiction, she modelled a method of writing that critiques patriarchal thinking. 

She focuses our attention on overlooked individuals and their inner lives, and she splendidly undoes the Victorian conception of plot. 

Woolf writes of the past emerging into the present day and the present’s capacity to reshape the past. 

In her diary, she called this her “tunnelling process”. 

In tunnelling through narrative, Woolf flung out a lot of what seems to be dust – buying flowers, ogling girls, table manners and weight gain, advertising, letter writing, doctor’s appointments, eating eclairs in a department store cafe. 

The novel reminds us of these moments’ triviality, and their significance, through repeated reference to the bells and clocks of London striking the hour. 

This is why the opening line – and the novel as a whole – is so remarkable. 

It catches drops of shimmering reality from moments that can so easily go unremarked. 

This, Woolf knew, was what writing needed to do: to stop time. 

Her metaphor shows that Woolf’s thinking about time also had a spatial dimension. 

These two dimensions of space and time structure Mrs Dalloway’s theme and method, As David Daiches explained in his 1939 book The Novel and the Modern World, Woolf first links a series of different perspectives through a single shared moment in time – marked by the sound of the bells – then switches to an individual perspective, anchored in space, and moves through that individual’s memories. 

Since its publication, Mrs Dalloway has continued to inspire. 

Since the 1970s, she has enjoyed an unparalleled position in the history of 20th century letters. 

Michael Cunningham’s The Hours, Robin Lippincott’s Mr Dalloway and John Lanchester’s Mr Phillips all appeared in the three years between 1998 and 2000, all of them reflecting Woolf’s legacy, tacitly or explicitly. 

Because of the Oscar-winning film adaptation by Stephen Daldry, Cunningham’s novel is the most recognisable of these three. 

The Hours revises Mrs Dalloway through the stories of three women: Virginia Woolf herself; Laura Brown, a 1950s housewife who reads Mrs Dalloway; and Clarissa Vaughan, nicknamed Mrs Dalloway by her former lover Richard, for whom she throws a literary party. 

Mrs Dalloway shows us the ways that words can both connect and sever. 

Characters pass each other on the street, muse on a shared past, or witness the same event from different vantage points and through different filters of personality and psyche. 

As Hermione Lee explained, for Woolf “the really important life was ‘within’”. 

🔗Adapted from: https://theconversation/jan.30.2025 

01. In her work “A writer’s Diary”, Virginia Woolf, describing her writing process, said that it was 

A) directly connected to her great imagination. 

B) inspired by her childhood memories. 

C) not only dramatic, but also romantic. 

D) not only technical, but also exploratory. 

💡 GABARITO  🄳  

In her work “A writer’s Diary”, Virginia Woolf, describing her writing process, said that it was 

A) ❌directly connected to her great imagination.

📌Análise: Não há no texto referência direta à imaginação como base do processo de escrita. O texto não fala em imaginação, mas em técnica e exploração.

 B) ❌inspired by her childhood memories.

📌Análise: Não há qualquer menção a memórias de infância ligadas ao processo descrito.

C) ❌not only dramatic, but also romantic.

📌Análise: Não aparece nada sobre drama ou romantismo 

D) ✅not only technical, but also exploratory.

Trecho direto: 

📌Análise: Correta, exatamente o que o texto afirma.

🔹"[...] In A Writer’s Diary, she describes her process as both exploratory and technical.”

02. As to “Mrs. Dalloway”, among other things, the article states that it was 

A) filled with remarkable sentences. 

B) written in the basement of an old suburban home. 

C) considered an intellectual triumph. 

D) packed with extraordinary people in their daily routine. 

💡 GABARITO  🄲  

As to “Mrs. Dalloway”, among other things, the article states that it was

Quanto à “Mrs. Dalloway”, entre outras coisas, o artigo refere que foi 

A) ❌filled with remarkable sentences.

cheio de frases notáveis.

📌Análise: O texto destaca explicitamente que a obra contém frase marcante, mas não diz necessariamente está cheio de frases notáveis.

🔹"[...] The novel opens with the famous line ‘Mrs Dalloway said she would buy the flowers herself’, a sentence remarkable for its banality, as well as for its commitment to the in medias res plunge into life...” 

B) ❌written in the basement of an old suburban home.

📌Análise: O que ficava no porão era a editora (a prensa), não o romance em si.

🔹"[...] She could write whatever she wanted to write because she owned her own publishing house, The Hogarth Press. The actual press was in the basement of her suburban Richmond home.” 

C) ✅considered an intellectual triumph.

📌Análise: O romance foi, de fato, elogiado e considerado um triunfo intelectual.

🔹"[...] ‘An intellectual triumph’, proclaimed P.C. Kennedy in the New Statesman...”

D) ❌packed with extraordinary people in their daily routine. 

📌Análise: O texto reforça que o foco está em pessoas comuns em atividades banais, não extraordinárias. 

🔹"[...] Mrs Dalloway is explicitly quotidian. It follows ordinary people through ordinary activities on an ordinary day – shopping, walking in the park...”

03. The opening sentence of the novel is considered A) a remarkable one due to its banality. 

B) a kind of message about her characters. 

C) a popular meme in Great Britain. 

D) superior to a poem by William Carlos Williams. 

💡 GABARITO  🄰  

The opening sentence of the novel is considered

A frase inicial do romance é considerada 

A) ✅a remarkable one due to its banality.

📌Análise: Correta. O texto afirma explicitamente que a frase é remarkable for its banality.

🔹"[...] The novel opens with the famous line ‘Mrs Dalloway said she would buy the flowers herself’, a sentence remarkable for its banality…” 

B) ❌a kind of message about her characters.

“Uma espécie de mensagem sobre suas personagens.”

📌Análise: Não há no texto indicação de que a frase tenha sido criada como mensagem ou símbolo sobre as personagens 

C) ❌a popular meme in Great Britain.

📌Análise: Incorreta. É popular na internet por paródias, mas não especificamente como “meme britânico”.

🔹"[...] The iconic status of the line is demonstrated by the number of online parodies it inspires, perhaps only surpassed by William Carlos Williams’s poem…” 

D) ❌superior to a poem by William Carlos Williams.

📌Análise: Incorreta. O texto diz o contrário: o poema é mais popular em termos de paródias.

🔹"[...] perhaps only surpassed by William Carlos Williams’s poem This Is Just To Say, which has become a verified meme."

04. Among the many positive aspects of “Mrs. Dalloway”, the text mentions the way the author 

A) focuses on rural characters and their personality. B) undoes the Victorian concept of plot. 

C) describes the 1950’s routine of housewives. 

D) highlights the soldiers’ traumas in the Vietnam War. 

💡 GABARITO  🄱  

Among the many positive aspects of “Mrs. Dalloway”, the text mentions the way the author 

A) ❌focuses on rural characters and their personality.

Não há menção a personagens rurais; o foco é em pessoas comuns na cidade de Londres. 

B) ✅undoes the Victorian concept of plot.

Correta. O texto afirma explicitamente que Woolf desfaz a concepção vitoriana de trama.

🔹"[...] In her fiction, she modelled a method of writing that critiques patriarchal thinking. She focuses our attention on overlooked individuals and their inner lives, and she splendidly undoes the Victorian conception of plot." 

C) ❌describes the 1950’s routine of housewives.

O texto menciona Laura Brown como personagem de The Hours, que vive nos anos 50, mas não como foco positivo de Mrs. Dalloway. 

D) ❌highlights the soldiers’ traumas in the Vietnam War. 

O texto fala sobre traumas da Primeira Guerra Mundial, não da Guerra do Vietnã: “Septimus, so capable as a soldier in the Great War, buries the trauma…”

05. “Mrs. Dalloway” is considered a revolutionary novel for many reasons. The text mentions the way that it 

A) criticized the English educational system. 

B) challenged the novel form and the representation of time. 

C) emphasized the importance of financial and class privilege. 

D) described London’s bells and bridges. 

💡 GABARITO  🄱  

“Mrs. Dalloway” is considered a revolutionary novel for many reasons. The text mentions the way that it 

A) ❌criticized the English educational system.

O texto menciona A Room of One’s Own criticando restrições educacionais, econômicas e sociais para mulheres, mas não Mrs Dalloway especificamente. 

B) ✅challenged the novel form and the representation of time.

Correta. O texto afirma explicitamente que o romance é revolucionário por desafiar a forma do romance e a representação do tempo. 

“Woolf’s novel was revolutionary for its depiction of same-sex attraction and mental illness, as well as for its challenge to the novel form and representation of time.”

C) ❌emphasized the importance of financial and class privilege.

O texto apenas menciona que Woolf podia escrever graças a privilégios de classe e financeiros, mas não que o romance enfatizasse isso como tema. 

D) ❌described London’s bells and bridges. 

O texto menciona os sinos e relógios de Londres para marcar o tempo e o cotidiano: “The novel reminds us of these moments’ triviality… through repeated reference to the bells and clocks of London…”, mas isso é parte da técnica narrativa, não o motivo de ser revolucionário.

06. Woolf was critical of the many constraints that prevented women from 

A) finding a decent job. 

B) pursuing their dreams. 

C) being able to write at all. 

D) adapting to the social system. 

💡 GABARITO  🄲  

Woolf was critical of the many constraints that prevented women from 

A) finding a decent job.

O texto menciona restrições educacionais, econômicas e sociais para mulheres, mas não fala especificamente sobre empregos. 

B) pursuing their dreams.

O texto indica limitações, mas o foco é mais específico na escrita, não em sonhos em geral. 

C) being able to write at all.

Correta. O texto afirma explicitamente que essas restrições impediam mulheres de escrever.

“Woolf’s revolutionary 1929 essay A Room of One’s Own, which criticised the educational, economic and social constraints that prevented women, in many instances, from writing anything at all.”

D) adapting to the social system.

O texto não sugere que o problema fosse adaptação, mas barreiras estruturais à escrita.

07. According to the text, Virginia Woolf could write whatever she wanted because she 

A) was smart enough. 

B) started writing in her teens. 

C) had a publishing house. 

D) had a major in English Literature. 

💡 GABARITO  🄲  

According to the text, Virginia Woolf could write whatever she wanted because she 

A) ❌was smart enough.

O texto não menciona inteligência como motivo da liberdade de escrita. 

B) ❌started writing in her teens.

O texto não indica que sua liberdade de escrever veio do início da adolescência. 

C) ✅had a publishing house.

Correta. O texto explica claramente que sua autonomia se devia a possuir sua própria editora. 

“She could write whatever she wanted to write because she owned her own publishing house, The Hogarth Press.”

D) ❌had a major in English Literature.

O texto não menciona formação acadêmica como razão.

08. The text states that since its publication, the novel “Mrs. Dalloway” has been very influential and mentions some works that it has inspired, including Michael Cunningham’s novel “The Hours”, which has been adapted into a/an 

A) popular graphic novel. 

B) Japanese manga edition. 

C) Oscar-winning film.

D) Broadway musical. 

💡 GABARITO  🄲  

The text states that since its publication, the novel “Mrs. Dalloway” has been very influential and mentions some works that it has inspired, including Michael Cunningham’s novel “The Hours”, which has been adapted into a/an 

A) ❌popular graphic novel. 

O texto não menciona nenhuma adaptação em graphic novel.

B) ❌Japanese manga edition.

Nenhuma referência a mangá japonês aparece no texto. 

C) ✅Oscar-winning film.

Correta. O texto menciona explicitamente a adaptação cinematográfica premiada com Oscar.

“Because of the Oscar-winning film adaptation by Stephen Daldry, Cunningham’s novel is the most recognisable of these three.”

D) ❌Broadway musical. 

O texto não fala sobre nenhuma versão musical.

09. The sentence “The iconic status of the line is demonstrated by the number of online parodies it inspires…” contains clauses that are, respectively, in 

A) active voice and passive voice. 

B) passive voice and active voice. 

C) active voice and active voice. 

D) passive voice and passive voice. 

💡 GABARITO  🄱  

The sentence “The iconic status of the line is demonstrated by the number of online parodies it inspires…” contains clauses that are, respectively, in 

A) ❌active voice and passive voice.

Incorreta, ordem invertida.

A primeira cláusula: “The iconic status of the line is demonstrated” → passive voice (o sujeito recebe a ação).

A segunda cláusula: “it inspires” → active voice (o sujeito realiza a ação). 

B) ✅passive voice and active voice. 

Primeira cláusula → passive; segunda cláusula → active.

C) ❌active voice and active voice.

A primeira cláusula está em passive, não active. 

D) ❌passive voice and passive voice.

Apenas a primeira cláusula é passive; a segunda é active.

10. The sentence “Woolf’s novel was revolutionary for its depiction of same-sex attraction and mental illness, as well as for its challenge to the novel form and representation of time.” is 

A) complex. 

B) compound. 

C) simple. 

D) compound-complex. 

💡 GABARITO  🄲  

⚖️ DICAS DE OURO:

🔹Simple → 1 oração independente.

🔹Compound → 2 ou+ independentes.

🔹Complex → 1 independente + 1 subordinada.

🔹Compound-complex → 2 ou+ independentes + 1 subordinada.

The sentence “Woolf’s novel was revolutionary for its depiction of same-sex attraction and mental illness, as well as for its challenge to the novel form and representation of time.” is 

A) complex.

🔎Complex sentence (frase complexa) - Definição: contém uma oração principal e pelo menos uma oração subordinada (dependente).

📌 Exemplo: I stayed home because it was raining.

(Só existe uma ideia principal: I stayed home. A segunda parte é subordinada, não pode existir sozinha). 

B) compound.

🔎Compound sentence (frase composta por coordenação) - Definição: contém duas ou mais orações independentes, ligadas por conjunção coordenativa (and, but, or, so, for, yet, nor) ou por ponto e vírgula.

📌 Exemplo: She wanted to go to the park, but it started to rain.

(As duas partes são independentes: She wanted to go to the park / It started to rain). 

C) ✅simple.

🔎Simple sentence (frase simples) - Definição: contém apenas uma oração independente, embora possa ter objetos, complementos e modificadores.

📌 Exemplo: The dog barked loudly in the garden.

(Apenas um sujeito e um predicado: The dog barked). 

D) compound-complex.

🔎Compound-complex sentence (frase composta-complexa) - Definição: combina duas ou mais orações independentes e pelo menos uma subordinada.

📌 Exemplo: I stayed up late, because I was watching a movie, and I forgot to set my alarm.

(1ª independente: I stayed up late / 2ª independente: I forgot to set my alarm / oração subordinada: because I was watching a movie).

11. The sentence “Characters pass each other on the street, muse on a shared past, or witness the same event from different vantage points and through different filters of personality and psyche.” is 

A) compound. 

B) simple. 

C) complex. 

D) compound-complex. 

💡 GABARITO  🄰  

The sentence 

🔹“Characters pass each other on the street, muse on a shared past, or witness the same event from different vantage points and through different filters of personality and psyche.”(As personagens se cruzam na rua, refletem sobre um passado compartilhado ou testemunham o mesmo acontecimento a partir de diferentes pontos de vista e através de distintos filtros de personalidade e psique.)

🔎 Expressões importantes

🔹pass each other = se cruzar, passar uma pela outra

🔹muse on = refletir sobre, meditar a respeito

🔹shared past = passado compartilhado

🔹witness the same event = testemunhar o mesmo acontecimento

🔹different vantage points = diferentes pontos de vista / perspectivas

🔹filters of personality and psyche = filtros da personalidade e da psique.

📌ANÁLISE DAS QUESTÕES:

A) compound.

📌Análise: O gabarito (A) compound está correto porque: A frase é formada por orações coordenadas independentes, ligadas por vírgulas e pela conjunção or, ainda que o sujeito seja o mesmo. 

B) simple. 

C) complex. 

D) compound-complex. 

12. The sentences “She could write whatever she wanted…” and “Her metaphor shows that Woolf’s thinking about time also had a spatial dimension.” contain, respectively, a/an 

A) subject noun clause and a subject noun clause. 

B) object noun clause and an object noun clause. 

C) subject noun clause and an object noun clause. 

D) object noun clause and a subject noun clause. 

💡 GABARITO  🄱  

📌ANÁLISE DAS SENTENÇAS:

📌 1ª sentença

🔹“She could write whatever she wanted…”

Estrutura principal: She could write (X).

🔹O termo whatever she wanted funciona como objeto direto do verbo “write”.

👉 Portanto, temos um object noun clause.

📌 2ª sentença

🔹“Her metaphor shows that Woolf’s thinking about time also had a spatial dimension.”

🔹Estrutura principal: Her metaphor shows (X).

🔹O trecho "that Woolf’s thinking about time also had a spatial dimension" é o complemento (objeto) do verbo “shows”.

👉 Portanto, também é um object noun clause.

📌ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:

A) ✅subject noun clause and a subject noun clause. 

B) ❌object noun clause and an object noun clause. 

C) ❌subject noun clause and an object noun clause. 

D) ❌object noun clause and a subject noun clause. 

13. The sentence “… I devoured Woolf’s revolutionary 1929 essay A Room of One’s Own, which criticised the educational, economic and social constraints ...” contains a/an 

A) adverb clause. 

B) non-identifying relative clause. 

C) subject noun clause. 

D) identifying relative clause. 

💡 GABARITO  🄱  

📌ANÁLISE DA SENTENÇA:

🔹"[...] I devoured Woolf’s revolutionary 1929 essay A Room of One’s Own, which criticised the educational, economic and social constraints..."

🔎 Análise

🔹O trecho destacado inicia com which, pronome relativo. Ele acrescenta uma informação extra sobre the essay A Room of One’s Own.

🔹Perceba que a oração poderia ser retirada sem prejudicar a identificação do referente (the essay já é claro).

🔹Isso é típico de uma "non-identifying relative clause" (ou non-defining relative clause), sempre marcada por vírgula antes do pronome relativo.

📌ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:

A) ❌adverb clause.(Age como advérbio (causa, tempo, condição etc. + Marcas típicas: because, if, when, although…)

📌Adverb Clause (oração adverbial) - é uma oração subordinada que funciona como advérbio, modificando um verbo, adjetivo ou advérbio da oração principal. Normalmente introduzida por when, because, although, if, since, while etc.

📘 Exemplo: I stayed home because it was raining.

👉 A oração because it was raining explica a causa da ação. 

B) ✅non-identifying relative clause.(Dá informação extra (não essencial) vírgulas + Marcas típicas: who/which/that)

📌Non-identifying Relative Clause (oração relativa explicativa / não restritiva) - adiciona informação extra sobre um substantivo já claro. Sempre aparece entre vírgulas e pode ser retirada sem alterar a identificação do referente.

📘 Exemplo: My brother, who lives in Canada, is visiting us next week.

👉 A informação entre vírgulas é extra; já sabemos quem é “meu irmão”. 

C) ❌subject noun clause.(Funciona como sujeito + Marcas típicas: what, that, how)

📌Subject Noun Clause (oração substantiva como sujeito) - uma oração subordinada substantiva que funciona como sujeito da oração principal.

📘 Exemplo: What she said surprised everyone.

👉 A oração What she said é o sujeito de surprised everyone. 

D) ❌identifying relative clause.(Restringe/identifica o referente + Marcas típicas:

that, who, which (sem vírgula)). 

📌Identifying Relative Clause (oração relativa restritiva / identificadora) - Especifica ou identifica qual pessoa/coisa está sendo falada. Sem vírgula, pois é essencial para o sentido.

📘 Exemplo: The book that I bought yesterday is already on sale.

👉 A oração that I bought yesterday identifica qual livro (sem ela, a frase ficaria vaga).

14. The sentences “It follows ordinary people through ordinary activities on an ordinary day…” and “…she splendidly undoes the Victorian conception of plot.” contain, respectively, a/an 

A) indirect object and a direct object. 

B) direct object and an indirect object. 

C) direct object and a direct object. 

D) indirect object and an indirect object. 

💡 GABARITO  🄲  

📌ANÁLISE DAS SENTENÇAS:

🔎1ª sentença:

🔹"[...] It follows ordinary people through ordinary activities on an ordinary day."(A obra acompanha pessoas comuns em atividades comuns ao longo de um dia comum.)

🔹Verbo principal: follows → Literal: seguir fisicamente → “ir atrás de alguém”. No contexto literário/narrativo: acompanhar, narrar a trajetória de, observar de perto.

🔹O que é seguido? → ordinary people

👉 "ordinary people" funciona como objeto direto (direct object).

(não há objeto indireto, porque não existe “quem recebe algo para/por alguém”)

🔎2ª sentença:

🔹"[...] she splendidly undoes the Victorian conception of plot.”(Ela desfaz de maneira esplêndida a concepção vitoriana de enredo.)

🔹Verbo principal: undoes = desfaz, desmonta, descontrói.

🔹O que ela desfaz? → the Victorian conception of plot (a concepção vitoriana de enredo).

👉 "the Victorian conception of plot" funciona como objeto direto.

📌ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:

A) ❌indirect object and a direct object. 

B) ❌direct object and an indirect object. 

C) ✅direct object and a direct object. 

D) ❌indirect object and an indirect object. 

15. The sentences “Mrs Dalloway said she would buy the flowers herself.” and ‘“An intellectual triumph”, proclaimed P.C. Kennedy in the New Statesman’ are, respectively, examples of 

A) indirect speech and direct speech. 

B) direct speech and indirect speech. 

C) indirect speech and indirect speech. 

D) direct speech and direct speech. 

💡 GABARITO  🄰  

📌ANÁLISE DAS SENTENÇAS:

🔎1ª sentença:

🔹"[...] Mrs Dalloway said she would buy the flowers herself."

🔹Estrutura: said + that-clause (she would buy…)

🔹Não há aspas; a fala é reportada pelo narrador.

👉 É indirect speech (discurso indireto).

🔎2ª sentença:

🔹"[...] An intellectual triumph”, proclaimed P.C. Kennedy in the New Statesman’

🔹A fala “An intellectual triumph” está entre aspas, reproduzindo exatamente as palavras de P.C. Kennedy.

👉 É direct speech (discurso direto).

📌 DICAS DE OURO:

🔹Direct speech → Reproduz as palavras exatas do falante, geralmente entre aspas → “I am happy,” she said.

🔹Indirect speech → Reconta o que alguém disse, sem aspas, adaptando pronomes e tempo verbal → She said she was happy.

📌ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:

A) ✅indirect speech and direct speech. 

B) ❌direct speech and indirect speech. 

C) ❌indirect speech and indirect speech. 

D) ❌direct speech and direct speech.

16. In terms of verb tense, the sentences “Woolf’s ideas have inspired scores of interpretations,…” and “She is now probably the most written-about 20th century English author.” are, respectively, in the 

A) simple present and simple past. 

B) present perfect and simple present. 

C) simple present and present perfect. 

D) present perfect and present continuous. 

💡 GABARITO  🄱  

📌ANÁLISE DAS SENTENÇAS:

🔎1ª sentença:

🔹"[...] Woolf’s ideas have inspired scores of interpretations,..."

🔹Verbo: have inspired

🔹Estrutura: have + past participle

👉 Tempo verbal: present perfect

🔎2ª sentença:

🔹"[...] She is now probably the most written-about 20th century English author."

🔹Verbo: is

🔹Estrutura: be + adjetivo (written-about)

👉 Tempo verbal: simple present

📌ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:

A) ❌simple present and simple past. 

B) ✅present perfect and simple present. 

C) ❌simple present and present perfect. 

D) ❌present perfect and present continuous.

17. The sentences “Despite Woolf’s refusal to compromise with mainstream tastes, Mrs Dalloway was well received.” and “As Woolf’s characters go about their day, scenes and impressions are filtered through their individual consciousnesses…” contain, respectively, a/an 

A) adverb clause and an object noun clause. 

B) subject noun clause and an adverb clause. 

C) adverb clause and an adverb clause. 

D) object noun clause and an adverb clause. 

💡 GABARITO  🄲  

📌ANÁLISE DAS SENTENÇAS:

🔎1ª sentença:

🔹"[...] Despite Woolf’s refusal to compromise with mainstream tastes, Mrs Dalloway was well received."

🔹Despite Woolf’s refusal to compromise with mainstream tastes → introduz a condição/oposição à oração principal.

🔹Esse tipo de estrutura é uma adverbial clause (adverb clause), porque funciona como advérbio, modificando o verbo principal was well received (indica circunstância: apesar de...).

🔹 Portanto, a primeira frase contém uma adverb clause.

🔎2ª sentença:

🔹"[...] As Woolf’s characters go about their day, scenes and impressions are filtered through their individual consciousnesses."

🔹As Woolf’s characters go about their day → introduz quando/como a ação principal acontece.

🔹Também funciona como adverb clause, modificando a oração principal scenes and impressions are filtered… (indica tempo).

🔹Portanto, a 2ª frase contém uma adverb clause também.

📌DICAS DE OURO (Diferença entre Adverb Clause, Noun Clause e Object Clause):

1️⃣ Adverb Clause (oração adverbial)

🔹Função: modifica verbo, adjetivo ou outra oração, dando informações de tempo, causa, condição, contraste, finalidade, etc.

🔹Introduzida por: because, although, if, when, as, since, despite (ou preposições + gerúndio).

🔹Exemplo:

Although it was raining, we went for a walk. → “Embora estivesse chovendo, fomos caminhar.”

🔹Modifica we went for a walk (circunstância: apesar da chuva).

2️⃣ Noun Clause (oração substantiva)

🔹Função: funciona como substantivo na frase, podendo ser sujeito, objeto direto, objeto indireto ou complemento.

🔹Introduzida por: that, whether, if, what, who, whom, how, why

🔹Exemplo:

🔹What she said surprised me. → “O que ela disse me surpreendeu.”

🔹Aqui, What she said é o sujeito da frase.

3️⃣ Object Clause (oração objetiva ou objeto)

🔹Tipo de noun clause que funciona como objeto direto ou indireto do verbo.

🔹Exemplo:

🔹I believe that she is honest. → “Acredito que ela é honesta.”

🔹that she is honest é o objeto direto do verbo believe.

📌ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:

A) ❌adverb clause and an object noun clause. 

B) ❌subject noun clause and an adverb clause. 

C) ✅adverb clause and an adverb clause. 

D) ❌object noun clause and an adverb clause. 

18. The following -ing words commanding (line 46), focusing (line 57), emerging (line 73), advertising (line 78) and shimmering (line 84) function in the text as 

A) adjective, verb, noun, noun, verb. 

B) noun, adjective, verb, noun, adjective. 

C) verb, adjective, verb, verb, noun. 

D) adjective, verb, verb, noun, adjective. 

💡 GABARITO  🄳  

📌Análise de cada palavra com base no seu uso no texto:

1️⃣ commanding (line 46)

🔹Ex.: “a commanding presence”

🔹Modifica o substantivo → adjective ✅

2️⃣ focusing (line 57)

🔹Ex.: “focusing on the reader”

🔹Forma verbal em -ing funcionando como verbo no presente contínuo → verb ✅

3️⃣ emerging (line 73)

🔹Ex.: “emerging from the shadows”

🔹Verbo no presente contínuo → verb ✅

4️⃣ advertising (line 78)

🔹Ex.: “the world of advertising”

🔹Funciona como substantivo (o ato/indústria de anunciar) → noun ✅

5️⃣ shimmering (line 84)

🔹Ex.: “shimmering lights”

🔹Modifica substantivo → adjective ✅

🔹Conclusão - A sequência correta é: adjective, verb, verb, noun, adjective

📌ANÁLISE DAS ALTERNATIVAS:

A) ❌adjective, verb, noun, noun, verb. 

B) ❌noun, adjective, verb, noun, adjective. 

C) ❌verb, adjective, verb, verb, noun. 

D) ✅adjective, verb, verb, noun, adjective. 

19. In the sentences “In A Writer’s Diary, she describes her process as both exploratory and technical.” and “…all appeared in the three years between 1998 and 2000, all of them reflecting Woolf’s legacy, tacitly or explicitly.”, the ‘s in Writer’s and in Woolf’s represents, respectively, the 

A) genitive case and the genitive case. 

B) abbreviation of “is” and the genitive case. 

C) genitive case and the abbreviation of “is”. 

D) abbreviation of “is” and the abbreviation of “is”. 

💡 GABARITO  🄰  

📌ANÁLISE:

1️⃣ Writer’s (In A Writer’s Diary)

🔹Aqui, o ’s indica posse: o diário de uma escritora (a writer’s diary).

🔹Portanto, é genitive case ✅

2️⃣ Woolf’s (all of them reflecting Woolf’s legacy)

🔹Aqui, o ’s também indica posse: o legado de Woolf (Woolf’s legacy).

🔹Portanto, também é genitive case ✅ 

A) ✅genitive case and the genitive case. 

B) ❌abbreviation of “is” and the genitive case. 

C) ❌genitive case and the abbreviation of “is”. 

D) ❌abbreviation of “is” and the abbreviation of “is”. 

📌DICAS DE OURO:

1️⃣ Genitive case (‘s de posse)

Função: indica posse ou pertencimento.

Estrutura: [possuidor] + ’s + [coisa possuída]

Exemplos:

John’s book → “o livro do John”

The cat’s tail → “o rabo do gato”

A writer’s diary → “o diário de uma escritora”

Dica: Pergunte “de quem é?” → se responder com “de X”, é genitive case.

2️⃣ Abreviação de “is” (‘s = is)

Função: contração do verbo “is” ou “has” (quando usado com o present perfect).

Estrutura: [sujeito] + ’s + [complemento]

Exemplos:

He’s happy → “Ele está feliz” (he is happy)

She’s gone to the store → “Ela foi à loja” (she has gone to the store)

20. In the text extract “The Hours revises Mrs Dalloway through the stories of three women: Virginia Woolf herself; Laura Brown, a 1950s housewife who reads Mrs Dalloway ....”, the verbs are in the 

A) simple past. 

B) simple present. 

C) present perfect. 

D) past perfect.

💡 GABARITO  🄱  

📌ANÁLISE DA SENTENÇA:

“The Hours revises Mrs Dalloway through the stories of three women: Virginia Woolf herself; Laura Brown, a 1950s housewife who reads Mrs Dalloway ….”

1️⃣ Identificando os verbos

🔹revises → do verbo revise

🔹reads → do verbo read

2️⃣ Tempo verbal

Ambos os verbos estão no simple present:

🔹revises → terceira pessoa do singular, presente

🔹reads → terceira pessoa do singular, presente.

📌DICAS DE OURO:

O simple present é usado aqui porque o texto faz uma afirmação geral ou análise literária, típica de resenhas ou críticas, mesmo que se refira a obras passadas.

📌ANÁLISE DAS SENTENÇAS:

A) ❌simple past. 

B) ✅simple present. 

C) ❌present perfect. 

D) ❌past perfect.