www.inglesparaconcursos.blog.br
❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:
UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS-FUNDAÇÃO CEFETMINAS-VESTIBULAR-2017.
❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:
- 06 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 4 Options Each Question.
PROVA, TRADUÇÃO, GABARITO & MUITO VOCABULÁRIO
❑ TEXTO:
How a young student’s innovative idea hopes to boost response times for EMTs
By Woody Brown on June 1, 2015
Drones have been at the forefront of the national conversation for years now. As the components needed to create them grow smaller and more affordable, many companies and organizations have started exploring the potential that drones could have to improve our daily lives. Whether by delivering a product with unprecedented speed or taking photographs and video from new heights, drones have many capabilities, most of which we have yet to discover. One young man, however, has envisioned a new way to use drones that could save thousands of lives.
One of the greatest obstacles facing first responders and emergency medical technicians [EMTs] when it comes to the difficult business of saving lives is time. Think of your daily commute: people in the United States spend an average of 25.5 minutes traveling one-way to work every day. In bumper-
to-bumper traffic, blaring sirens and flashing lights are often not enough to clear a fast path for an ambulance to reach someone in need. During cardiac arrest, there are, at most, a few minutes to save a person’s life. After that, the mortality rate rises steeply. With stakes this high, every second counts.
Alec Momont, a graduate student in engineering at Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands, recognized this problem and saw a way to significantly reduce deaths that result from delayed emergency care. What if ambulances could fly? Or rather, what if we could make a drone that functioned like a stripped-down, lightweight automatic external defibrillator [AED]? AEDs, which can be found in schools, sports arenas and many government buildings, are significantly more effective than cardiopulmonary resuscitation [CPR] at preventing fatalities resulting from cardiac arrest. CPR can be helpful, but an AED is better, and very few people have AEDs in their cars or homes.
As his master’s degree project, Momont built a prototype of this life-saving drone. It contained an AED, a microphone and speakers. The average travel time, according to him, could be cut by 90 percent. Here’s how it works: In the event of cardiac arrest, a paramedic would respond to a call
by flying the drone at a speed of 60 mph to the scene of the emergency. The paramedic would then give instructions to someone near the victim, who would position the AED. Once in place, the AED would operate automatically. The paramedic would be able to see through the camera whether or not the pads on the AED have been correctly positioned, and how the victim responds.
A dramatized video released by Momont’s university demonstrates all of this functionality. In it, a young woman calls emergency services in a panic because her father has had a heart attack. A calm-voiced EMT answers and guides her through the surprisingly simple process of finding and using the drone. Fewer than two minutes after she makes the call, her father sits up and hugs her.
The ambulance drone can increase the chances of surviving cardiac arrest from eight percent to 80 percent, Momont says in the video. The drone’s ability to travel as the crow flies frees it from infrastructural limitations that currently impede road-bound ambulances. “Using advanced production techniques such as 3D printed microstructures and carbon fiber frame construction, we were able to achieve a very lightweight design,” Momont says. “The result is an integrated solution that is clear in its orientation and friendly in appearance.”
Momont’s aim is to rapidly expand the existing framework of emergency services by constructing many of these drones over the next five years. Expenses are low: each drone is relatively cheap to make, about $18,600. By comparison, a typical ambulance costs more than $100,000, and a ride in one usually costs more than $1,000.
The ambulance drones can even fly autonomously (though legislation in many countries does not permit this yet). Several emergency service providers have already expressed interest. If the technology continues to receive financial support from other parties in the healthcare industry, Momont’s dream could very easily become a reality.
We live in a world where drones have, so far, been used mostly in armed conflict. Momont, however, has a different vision. In the near future that he describes, tens of thousands of needless deaths will be prevented with his ingenious invention. That is certainly welcome news, especially in the United States, which deals with skyrocketing numbers of heart-related ailments and disabilities. “Let’s use drones for a good purpose,” Momont says. “Let us use drones to save lives.”
- Adapted from: <http://www.verizonwireless.com/news/article/2015/05/ambulance-drones-could-save-thousands-of-lives.html>. Access on: 03 Oct. 2016.
❑ TEXTO:
How a young student’s innovative idea hopes to boost response times for EMTs
Como a ideia inovadora de um jovem estudante espera turbinar os tempos de resposta dos paramédicos
By Woody Brown on June 1, 2015
Drones have been at the forefront of the national conversation for years now.
Os drones estão na vanguarda do debate nacional há anos.
As the components needed to create them grow smaller and more affordable, many companies and organizations have started exploring the potential that drones could have to improve our daily lives.
À medida que os componentes necessários para os criar se tornam cada vez mais pequenos e mais acessíveis, muitas empresas e organizações começaram a explorar o potencial que os drones poderiam ter para melhorar a nossa vida quotidiana.
Whether by delivering a product with unprecedented speed or taking photographs and video from new heights, drones have many capabilities, most of which we have yet to discover.
Seja para entregar um produto com uma velocidade sem precedentes ou a tirar fotografias e vídeos de novas alturas, os drones têm muitas características, muitas das quais ainda não descobrimos.
One young man, however, has envisioned a new way to use drones that could save thousands of lives.
Um jovem, no entanto, imaginou uma nova forma de utilizar drones que poderia salvar milhares de vidas.
One of the greatest obstacles facing first responders and emergency medical technicians [EMTs] when it comes to the difficult business of saving lives is time.
Um dos maiores obstáculos enfrentados pelos socorristas e técnicos de emergência médica [EMTs] quando se trata da difícil tarefa de salvar vidas é o tempo.
Think of your daily commute: people in the United States spend an average of 25.5 minutes traveling one-way to work every day.
Pense no seu percurso diário: as pessoas nos Estados Unidos passam em média 25,5 minutos a viajar só de ida para o trabalho todos os dias.
In bumper-to-bumper traffic, blaring sirens and flashing lights are often not enough to clear a fast path for an ambulance to reach someone in need.
No trânsito intenso, as sirenes estridentes e as luzes intermitentes não são, muitas vezes, suficientes para abrir caminho rápido para uma ambulância chegar a alguém necessitado.
During cardiac arrest, there are, at most, a few minutes to save a person’s life.
Durante uma parada cardíaca, existem, no máximo, alguns minutos para salvar a vida de uma pessoa.
After that, the mortality rate rises steeply.
Depois disso, a taxa de mortalidade aumenta acentuadamente.
With stakes this high, every second counts.
Com apostas tão altas, cada segundo conta.
Alec Momont, a graduate student in engineering at Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands, recognized this problem and saw a way to significantly reduce deaths that result from delayed emergency care.
Alec Momont, estudante de engenharia na Universidade de Tecnologia de Delft, na Holanda, reconheceu este problema e viu uma forma de reduzir significativamente as mortes resultantes do atraso no atendimento de emergência.
What if ambulances could fly? Or rather, what if we could make a drone that functioned like a stripped-down, lightweight automatic external defibrillator [AED]?
E se as ambulâncias pudessem voar? Ou melhor, e se pudéssemos fazer um drone que funcionasse como um desfibrilhador automático externo [DAE] despojado e leve?
AEDs, which can be found in schools, sports arenas and many government buildings, are significantly more effective than cardiopulmonary resuscitation [CPR] at preventing fatalities resulting from cardiac arrest.
Os DAE, que podem ser encontrados em escolas, arenas desportivas e muitos edifícios governamentais, são significativamente mais eficazes do que a reanimação cardiopulmonar [RCP] na prevenção de mortes resultantes de paragem cardíaca.
CPR can be helpful, but an AED is better, and very few people have AEDs in their cars or homes.
A RCP pode ser útil, mas um DAE é melhor, e muito poucas pessoas têm DAE nos seus carros ou casas.
As his master’s degree project, Momont built a prototype of this life-saving drone.
Como projeto de mestrado, Momont construiu um protótipo deste drone que salva vidas.
It contained an AED, a microphone and speakers.
Continha um DAE, um microfone e altifalantes.
The average travel time, according to him, could be cut by 90 percent.
O tempo médio de viagem, segundo o próprio, poderia ser reduzido em 90%.
Here’s how it works: In the event of cardiac arrest, a paramedic would respond to a call by flying the drone at a speed of 60 mph to the scene of the emergency.
Funciona assim: em caso de parada cardíaca, um paramédico responderia a uma chamada pilotando o drone a uma velocidade de 60 mph até ao local da emergência.
The paramedic would then give instructions to someone near the victim, who would position the AED.
O paramédico daria então instruções a alguém próximo da vítima, que posicionaria o DAE.
Once in place, the AED would operate automatically.
Uma vez instalado, o DAE funcionaria automaticamente.
The paramedic would be able to see through the camera whether or not the pads on the AED have been correctly positioned, and how the victim responds.
O paramédico conseguiria ver através da câmara se as pás do DAE foram posicionadas corretamente ou não e como a vítima responde.
A dramatized video released by Momont’s university demonstrates all of this functionality.
Um vídeo dramatizado divulgado pela universidade de Momont demonstra toda esta funcionalidade.
In it, a young woman calls emergency services in a panic because her father has had a heart attack.
Nele, uma jovem liga para os serviços de emergência em pânico porque o pai teve um ataque cardíaco.
A calm-voiced EMT answers and guides her through the surprisingly simple process of finding and using the drone.
Um paramédico de voz calma responde e guia-a através do processo surpreendentemente simples de encontrar e utilizar o drone.
Fewer than two minutes after she makes the call, her father sits up and hugs her.
Menos de dois minutos depois de ela ter feito a chamada, o pai senta-se e abraça-a.
The ambulance drone can increase the chances of surviving cardiac arrest from eight percent to 80 percent, Momont says in the video.
O drone da ambulância pode aumentar as hipóteses de sobreviver a uma parada cardíaca de 8% para 80%, diz Momont no vídeo.
The drone’s ability to travel as the crow flies frees it from infrastructural limitations that currently impede road-bound ambulances.
A capacidade do drone de viajar em linha reta liberta-o das limitações de infraestrutura que atualmente impedem as ambulâncias nas estradas.
“Using advanced production techniques such as 3D printed microstructures and carbon fiber frame construction, we were able to achieve a very lightweight design,” Momont says.
“Ao utilizar técnicas de produção avançadas, como microestruturas impressas em 3D e construção de estruturas de fibra de carbono, conseguimos um design muito leve”, afirma Momont.
“The result is an integrated solution that is clear in its orientation and friendly in appearance.”
“O resultado é uma solução integrada com uma orientação clara e uma aparência amigável.”
Momont’s aim is to rapidly expand the existing framework of emergency services by constructing many of these drones over the next five years.
O objetivo da Momont é expandir rapidamente a estrutura existente de serviços de emergência através da construção de muitos destes drones ao longo dos próximos cinco anos.
Expenses are low: each drone is relatively cheap to make, about $18,600.
As despesas são baixas: cada drone é relativamente barato de fabricar, cerca de 18.600 dólares.
By comparison, a typical ambulance costs more than $100,000, and a ride in one usually costs more than $1,000.
Em comparação, uma ambulância normal custa mais de 100.000 dólares, e uma viagem numa custa geralmente mais de 1.000 dólares.
The ambulance drones can even fly autonomously (though legislation in many countries does not permit this yet).
Os drones-ambulância podem até voar de forma autónoma (embora a legislação em muitos países ainda não o permita).
Several emergency service providers have already expressed interest.
Vários prestadores de serviços de emergência já manifestaram interesse.
If the technology continues to receive financial support from other parties in the healthcare industry, Momont’s dream could very easily become a reality.
Se a tecnologia continuar a receber apoio financeiro de outras partes do setor da saúde, o sonho da Momont poderá facilmente tornar-se realidade.
We live in a world where drones have, so far, been used mostly in armed conflict.
Vivemos num mundo onde os drones têm sido, até agora, utilizados sobretudo em conflitos armados.
Momont, however, has a different vision.
Momont, no entanto, tem uma visão diferente.
In the near future that he describes, tens of thousands of needless deaths will be prevented with his ingenious invention.
No futuro próximo que descreve, dezenas de milhares de mortes desnecessárias serão evitadas com a sua engenhosa invenção.
That is certainly welcome news, especially in the United States, which deals with skyrocketing numbers of heart-related ailments and disabilities.
Esta é certamente uma notícia bem-vinda, especialmente nos Estados Unidos, que lida com um número crescente de doenças e deficiências relacionadas com o coração.
“Let’s use drones for a good purpose,” Momont says.
“Vamos usar drones para um bom propósito”, diz Momont.
“Let us use drones to save lives.”
“Vamos usar drones para salvar vidas.”
49 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2017) The word which is used as a modifier in the correspondent paragraphs is
a) taking (paragraph 1).
b) blaring (paragraph 2).
c) finding (paragraph 5).
d) exploring (paragraph 1).
Comentários e Gabarito B
TÓPICO - MODIFIER (=Adjective) :
The word which is used as a modifier in the correspondent paragraphs is
a) taking (verb).
- Whether by delivering a product with unprecedented speed or taking photographs and video from new heights, drones have many capabilities, most of which we have yet to discover.
- Seja para entregar um produto com uma velocidade sem precedentes ou a tirar fotografias e vídeos de novas alturas, os drones têm muitas características, muitas das quais ainda não descobrimos.
b) blaring (adjective).
- In bumper-to-bumper traffic, blaring sirens and flashing lights are often not enough to clear a fast path for an ambulance to reach someone in need.
- No trânsito intenso, as sirenes estridentes e as luzes intermitentes não são, muitas vezes, suficientes para abrir caminho rápido para uma ambulância chegar a alguém necessitado.
c) finding (verb).
- A calm-voiced EMT answers and guides her through the surprisingly simple process of finding and using the drone.
- Um paramédico de voz calma responde e guia-a através do processo surpreendentemente simples de encontrar e utilizar o drone.
d) exploring (verb).
- many companies and organizations have started exploring the potential that drones could have to improve our daily lives.
- muitas empresas e organizações começaram a explorar o potencial que os drones poderiam ter para melhorar a nossa vida quotidiana.
50 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2017) Mark T (true) and F (false) for the correlations between pronouns and their referents in the text.
a) ( ) it (paragraph 5) – video.
b) ( ) who (paragraph 4) – victim.
c) ( ) them (paragraph 1) – drones.
d) ( ) which (paragraph 1) – capabilities.
The correct sequence is
a) F, T, F, T.
b) T, T, F, T.
c) T, F, T, T.
d) T, F, F, F.
Comentários e Gabarito C
TÓPICO - The correlations between Pronouns and their Referents:
a) (T) it (paragraph 5) – video.
- "A dramatized video released by Momont’s university demonstrates all of this functionality. In it, ..."
- Pronome pessoal "IT" → video.
b) (F) who (paragraph 4) – victim.
- The paramedic would then give instructions to someone near the victim, who would position the AED.
- Pronome relativo "WHO" → someone near the victim.
c) (T) them (paragraph 1) – drones.
- "[...] Drones have been at the forefront of the national conversation for years now. As the components needed to create them grow smaller and more affordable, ..."
d) ( ) which (paragraph 1) – capabilities.
51 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2017) The word that functions as an adjective in the text is
a) steeply (paragraph 2).
b) friendly (paragraph 6).
c) significantly (paragraph 3).
d) autonomously (paragraph 8).
Comentários e Gabarito B
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO :
52 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2017) The use of CAN in paragraphs 3 and 6 reveals the idea of
a) request.
b) conclusion.
c) possibility.
d) permission.
Comentários e Gabarito C
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO :
53 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2017) The main purpose of this text is to
a) present a technological device used in armed conflicts.
b) convince readers to do a master’s degree course abroad.
c) denounce the illegal flights of drones in many countries.
d) inform about the possible use of drones in emergency care.
Comentários e Gabarito D
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO :
54 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2017) The following statements are based on the information presented in the text:
I- Life-saving drones are more economically viable than ordinary ambulances.
II- As ambulance drones are lightweight, they can fly autonomously.
III- Drones reach an average speed of 60mph, because their frame is made of carbon fiber.
IV- Once drones are able to travel as the crow flies, they can escape from the traffic jams and arrive fast at the emergency scene.
The correct statements are
a) I and IV.
b) II and III.
c) I, II and III.
d) I, II and IV.
Comentários e Gabarito A
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO :