PUC/MINAS – 2019 – MEDICINA – VESTIBULAR – 2º SEMESTRE – LÍNGUA INGLESA – PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DE MINAS GERAIS – PROVA COM GABARITO & TEXTO TRADUZIDO.

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: PUC/MINAS-2019-MEDICINA-VESTIBULAR- 2º SEMESTRE.

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

➭ 05 Multiple Choice Questions / 5 Options Each Question

➭ Text – Asia architects use green solutions to cool buildings | http://edition.cnn.com |

❑ PROVA:

❑ TRADUÇÃO DO TEXTO 1:

Asia architects use green solutions to cool buildings

Arquitetos asiáticos utilizam soluções ecológicas para arrefecer edifícios

In many subtropical countries across Asia, such as Indonesia and the Philippines, air conditioning is increasingly being considered a necessity. But one architecture firm specializes in “bioclimatic architecture", says it could make air conditioning units redundant. By connecting with the local topography, climate, and vegetation, as well as cleverly manipulating a building's orientation, the firm can naturally create a comfortable indoor climate.

Em muitos países subtropicais da Ásia, como a Indonésia e as Filipinas, o ar condicionado é cada vez mais considerado uma necessidade. Mas um gabinete de arquitetura especializado em "arquitetura bioclimática" diz que pode tornar as unidades de ar condicionado redundantes. Ao estabelecer uma ligação com a topografia, o clima e a vegetação locais, bem como ao manipular habilmente a orientação de um edifício, a empresa pode criar naturalmente um clima interior confortável.

In cooperation with the World Bank, Charles Gallavardin, director of an architecture firm in Asia, built an apartment building in Ho Chi Minh City, which houses 350 families in an impoverished neighborhood. "We try to avoid big glass façades facing east or west, because that would make the building like an oven in a tropical climate," he says. "If you work with the main wind stream and have smart sun protection, you can do it -- you really can design buildings that need no air conditioning in a hot place like Vietnam." Gallavardin explains that a typical bioclimatic building is naturally about 5 Celsius cooler than the outside temperature, with natural ventilation and the ceiling fan doing the rest of the work.

Em colaboração com o Banco Mundial, Charles Gallavardin, diretor de um gabinete de arquitetura na Ásia, construiu um edifício de apartamentos na cidade de Ho Chi Minh, que alberga 350 famílias num bairro pobre. "Tentamos evitar grandes fachadas de vidro viradas para leste ou oeste, porque isso faria com que o edifício parecesse um forno num clima tropical", diz ele. "Se trabalharmos com a corrente de vento principal e tivermos uma proteção solar inteligente, podemos fazê-lo. É realmente possível conceber edifícios que não necessitam de ar condicionado num local quente como o Vietname." Gallavardin explica que um edifício bioclimático típico é naturalmente cerca de 5 graus Celsius mais frio do que a temperatura exterior, com a ventilação natural e a ventoinha de teto a fazerem o resto do trabalho.

"It is crucial for all new building designs in cities to encompass bioclimatic architectural features," Myles McCarthy, director of implementation at the Carbon Trust consultancy and research firm, tells CNN. "As demands in Asian cities for buildings -- both domestic and commercial -- increases, and the need for higher density living continues to climb with urban populations, it will be crucial to ensure this growth does not drive energy and water consumptions higher."

"É crucial que todos os projetos de novos edifícios nas cidades incluam características arquitectónicas bioclimáticas", afirma Myles McCarthy, diretor de implementação da empresa de consultoria e investigação Carbon Trust, à CNN. "À medida que a procura de edifícios nas cidades asiáticas - tanto domésticos como comerciais - aumenta e a necessidade de viver com maior densidade continua a aumentar com as populações urbanas, será crucial garantir que este crescimento não aumenta o consumo de energia e de água."

(From: http://edition.cnn.com. Access: 31/07/2018. Adapted.)

❑ QUESTIONÁRIO:

01 – (PUC/MINAS-2019-MEDICINA-VESTIBULAR-2ª FASE)

The words as well as in “as well as cleverly manipulating a building's orientation” (paragraph 1) convey an idea of

(A) conclusion.

(B) reason.
(C) addition.
(D) finality.

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  
TÓPICO - FUNÇÃO MORFOLÓGICA DA PREPOSIÇÃO "AS WELL AS"  

The words as well as in “as well as cleverly manipulating a building's orientation” (paragraph 1) convey an idea of

(A) conclusion.

(B) reason.
(C) addition.
(D) finality.

• [...] By connecting with the local topography, climate, and vegetation, as well as cleverly manipulating a building's orientation, the firm can naturally create a comfortable indoor climate.'
• Ao conectar-se com a topografia, clima e vegetação locais, além de manipular habilmente a orientação de um edifício, a empresa pode criar naturalmente um clima interno confortável.
• 'As well as' tem função morfológica de "ADIÇÃO".
• She has invited Jill as well as Kate.
• When they go to Austria, they like walking as well as skiing. 
• PAY ATTENTION:
• Semanticamente, "As well as" e "and" são conectivos que apresentam a mesma função "ADITTION". 
• Entretanto, sintaticamente,  "As well as"(é preposição) e "and"(é conjunção) não são intercambiáveis.
• Gramaticalmente, 'As well as' é sempre usada como PREPOSIÇÃO (que não tem força sintática para coordenar ou subordinar orações), e sendo assim, não pode ser seguida de clause.
• As well as' é gramaticalmente intercambiável com  'in addition to .(Cambridge Dictionary).

02 – (PUC/MINAS-2019-MEDICINA-VESTIBULAR-2ª FASE)

What usually makes a building less hot, according to Charles Gallavardin?

a) Using the main wind streams.
b) Constructing higher buildings.
c) Avoiding sun protection.
d) Working with glass façades.

__Gabarito:  (A)__
- O que geralmente torna um prédio menos quente, de acordo com Charles Gallavardin?

a) Using the main wind streams.
b) Constructing higher buildings.
c) Avoiding sun protection.
d) Working with glass façades.

03 – (PUC/MINAS-2019-MEDICINA-VESTIBULAR-2ª FASE)

The word which in “which houses 350 families” (paragraph 2) refers to
a) the World Bank cooperation.
b) Ho Chi Minh City.
c) an architecture firm.
d) an apartment building.

__Gabarito:  (D)__
- The word which in “which houses 350 families” (paragraph 2) refers to

a) the World Bank cooperation.
b) Ho Chi Minh City.
c) an architecture firm.
d) an apartment building.

• EXPLANATION:

1) '[...] Charles Gallavardin... built an apartment building in Ho Chi Minh City, which houses 350 families in an impoverished neighborhood.

2) Charles Gallavardin ... construiu um prédio de apartamentos na cidade de Ho Chi Minh, que abriga 350 famílias em um bairro pobre.

3) O pronome relativo 'which' refere-se a 'an apartment building'.

04 – (PUC/MINAS-2019-MEDICINA-VESTIBULAR-2ª FASE)

The word can in “you can do it” (paragraph 2) indicates that

a) it is mandatory to do it.
b) it is possible to do it.
c) it is necessary to do it.
d) it is advisable to do it.

__Gabarito:  (B)__
- The word can in “you can do it” (paragraph 2) indicates that

a) it is mandatory to do it.
b) it is possible to do it.
c) it is necessary to do it.
d) it is advisable to do it.

• EXPLANATION:

1) '[...] If you work with the main wind stream and have smart sun protection, you can do it '

2) Se você trabalha com a corrente de vento principal e tem proteção solar inteligente, você consegue fazer isso.

3) 'you can do it' e 'it is possible to do it' são expressões semanticamente equivalentes.

05 – (PUC/MINAS-2019-MEDICINA-VESTIBULAR-2ª FASE)

Why is it crucial to incorporate bioclimatic architectural features according to Mr. McCarthy?

a) Because it is essential to save energy and water.
b) Because urban populations are decreasing fast.
c) Because there are fewer commercial buildings now.
d) Because domestic buildings are becoming cheaper.

__Gabarito:  (A)__
- Why is it crucial to incorporate bioclimatic architectural features according to Mr. McCarthy?

a) Because it is essential to save energy and water.

- Porque é fundamental economizar energia e água.
b) Because urban populations are decreasing fast.

- Porque as populações urbanas estão diminuindo rapidamente.
c) Because there are fewer commercial buildings now.

- Porque há menos prédios comerciais agora.
d) Because domestic buildings are becoming cheaper. 

- Porque os edifícios residenciais estão se tornando mais baratos.

PUC/Minas – 2019 – VESTIBULAR – 1º SEMESTRE – LÍNGUA INGLESA – PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DE MINAS – PROVA COM GABARITO.

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: PUC/MINAS-2019-VESTIBULAR- 1º SEMESTRE.

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

➭ 05 Multiple Choice Questions / 5 Options Each Question

➭ Text – | What selfies really tell us about ourselves | www.thenewyorktimes.com |

❑ PROVA:

What selfies really tell us about ourselves

Psychologists, technologists and behavioral economists differ in their interpretations of the selfie and the risks people are prepared to take socially and physically to snap them. But there is general agreement that selfies are a form of expression that may reveal more than the taker intended, no matter how flattering the filter used.

“We are so bombarded by media telling us how we should look and how we should be,” stated Jacquelyn Morie, a researcher at the University of Southern California. “With selfies you have this authority and autonomy that you don’t have in other parts of your life.” She said selfies are essentially avatars and foresees a day when they will be constructed even more to our liking. As we conduct more of our life online she suspects they will become more how we see ourselves than our real selves. Of course, selfies can also create a historical record of our life, if maybe a little better than reality. They show the world what you are doing and who you are with and how incredibly fun it all is. You often hear the refrain, “Selfies or you don’t exist,” which may explain some people’s compulsion to document their actions even if doing so diminishes their experience and engagement in the real world.

The need to be recognised, or even adored, is perhaps why so many have become their own Hollywood directors, attaching cameras to sticks and sometimes drones to improve the production value of their lives. Recent selfie-stick bans have been interpreted by some who study the selfie phenomenon as more a cultural movement in favour of authenticity than the elimination of a possible safety threat. There’s also the argument that rather than conferring power, selfies transfer control to viewers because in the end they are the ones who decide whether to post an encouraging or insulting comment, press “like” or ignore your existence all together.

Moreover, as facial recognition software continues to improve, frequent selfie takers may also be giving away their very identity. The more you post pictures of yourself online, the better companies, government agencies and criminals can identify you, not only online but sitting in a restaurant or walking down the street.

(Adapted from: www.thenewyorktimes.com. 

Access: 07/03/ 2018.)

36 – (PUC/Minas-2019-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE)

What does the word them in “physically snap them” (paragraph 1) refer to?
a) Psychologists.
b) Interpretations.
c) Risks.
d) Selfies.

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    D  
TÓPICO - REFERÊNCIA PRONOMINAL:

➭ "[...] Psychologists, technologists and behavioral economists differ in their interpretations of the selfie and the risks people are prepared to take socially and physically to snap them." – Psicólogos, tecnólogos e economistas comportamentais diferem nas suas interpretações da selfie e dos riscos que as pessoas estão preparadas para correr social e fisicamente para as tirar.

➭ THEM – SELFIES.

https://www.woodwardenglish.com/

lesson/object-pronouns-in-english/

37 – (PUC/Minas-2019-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE)

According to Jacquelyn Morie, selfies assure you
a) power to create the image you want to show the world.
b) the need to be more recognized and admired by others.
c) a more accurate historical record of your own life.

d) real knowledge of other people’s opinions about you.

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    A  
TÓPICO - INFORMAÇÃO DO TEXTO:

According to Jacquelyn Morie, selfies assure you

Segundo Jacquelyn Morie, selfies garantem
a) power to create the image you want to show the world.  – poder de criar a imagem que deseja mostrar ao mundo.
b) the need to be more recognized and admired by others.  –  a necessidade de ser mais reconhecido e admirado pelos outros.
c) a more accurate historical record of your own life.  –  um registro histórico mais preciso de sua própria vida.

d) real knowledge of other people’s opinions about you.  – conhecimento real da opinião de outras pessoas sobre você.

38 – (PUC/Minas-2019-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE)

What do many people do nowadays, according to the text?
a) They want to show the world the true facts about their lives.
b) They admire and try to replicate Hollywood movie directors’ attitudes.
c) They prefer to photograph things rather than live the experiences.
d) They try to live their lives in a simple and unpretentious way.

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    C  
TÓPICO - INFORMAÇÃO DO TEXTO:

What do many people do nowadays, according to the text?

O que muitas pessoas fazem hoje em dia, segundo o texto?
a) They want to show the world the true facts about their lives.  – Eles querem mostrar ao mundo os fatos verdadeiros sobre suas vidas.
b) They admire and try to replicate Hollywood movie directors’ attitudes.  – Admiram e tentam replicar as atitudes dos diretores de cinema de Hollywood.
c) They prefer to photograph things rather than live the experiences.  – Preferem fotografar coisas a viver as experiências.
d) They try to live their lives in a simple and unpretentious way.  – Procuram viver suas vidas de forma simples e despretensiosa.

39 – (PUC/Minas-2019-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE)

Some people who study the selfie phenomenon think that self-sticks are being banned mainly because
a) Self-sticks may be very dangerous and threatening.
b) There is a new tendency for us to be more authentic.
c) Many people have died because of taking risky photos.
d) They are not as powerful as they used to be in the past.

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    B  
TÓPICO - INFORMAÇÃO DO TEXTO:

Some people who study the selfie phenomenon think that self-sticks are being banned mainly because

Algumas pessoas que estudam o fenômeno das selfies pensam que os autoadesivos estão sendo banidos principalmente porque
a) Self-sticks may be very dangerous and threatening. –  Os autoadesivos podem ser muito perigosos e ameaçadoros.
b) There is a new tendency for us to be more authentic. –  Há uma nova tendência para sermos mais autênticos.
c) Many people have died because of taking risky photos. –  Muitas pessoas morreram por tirar fotos arriscadas.
d) They are not as powerful as they used to be in the past. –  Eles não são tão poderosos como costumavam ser no passado.

40 – (PUC/Minas-2019-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE)

The word moreover in “Moreover, as a facial recognition…” (paragraph 4) indicates
a) Addition.
b) Conclusion.
c) Contrast
d) Finality.

 👍   Comentários e Gabarito    A  
TÓPICO - INFORMAÇÃO DO TEXTO:

The word moreover in “Moreover, as a facial recognition…” (paragraph 4) indicates
a) Addition.
b) Conclusion.
c) Contrast
d) Finality.